垃圾分类-2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(高考模拟+名校真题)

备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练

（高考模拟+名校真题）

专题03垃圾分类

Passage1

（2021•全国•高考真题）You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans一

between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplastic

straworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVbnWongwantsyoutoknowthatit

does.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheir

relationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled44Strawpocalypse,vapairof

10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfrom

severalvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlace

shoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggest

source（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeople

don'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotbe

recycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthat

someoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiesto

disappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every

60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“Truckloadof

Plastic,VbnWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,

whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallat

once.

VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheir

plasticfootprint.

1.WhatareVbnWong'sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

2.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?

A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.

B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.

C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.

D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.

3.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic,5haveonviewers?

A.Calming.B.Disturbing.

C.Refreshing.D.Challenging.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Artists5OpinionsonPlasticSafety

B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArt

C.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompanies

D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures

Passage2

（2021•黑龙江•大庆中学高三月考）IfthethreeRs（reduce,reuseandrecycle）isa

guidelinetosavetheplanet,garbage-sortingiswheretheeffortsstart.SinceMayI,Beijing

hasstartedtocarryoutmandatorygarbage-sortinginneweffortstobetterprotectthe

environment.Underthenewregulation,residentsarerequiredtoclassifyhouseholdwaste

intofourcategories:kitchen,recyclable,hazardousandotherwaste.Peoplewhofailtosort

theirgarbageproperlycanbefinedfrom50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.

SomeresidentialcommunitiesinBeijinghaveintroducedrewardstoencourageresidents

tosorttheirgarbage.AccordingtoXinhua,residentscanearnpointsbyclassifyingtheir

domesticwasteconectlyandthenexchangethepointstheyaccumulatefordailynecessities

suchassoap.

Garbagesortingpracticeshavereachedover70percentofhousingestatesin18cities,

includingShanghai,XiamenandHangzhou,accordingtotheMinistryofHousingand

Urban-RuralDevelopment.Shanghaifirstenactedamandatorygarbage-sortingregulationin

July2019andhashada90percentcompliance（月艮从）rateamongitshousingestates.

AccordingtoareportbytheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,over90percentof

thepublicbelievethatgarbage-sortingisimportantfortheprotectionoftheenvironment.

However,garbage-sortingisstillabigprobleminChina.Only30percentofparticipantssaid

theythinktheyarecompletelysortingtheirwaste,thereportnoted.AccordingtoXinhua,it's

partlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingnesstosorttheirownwaste.Also,someprevious

garbageregulationsdidn'tincludefinesforpeoplewhofailedtoobeythem.

“It'samusttohavealegalguaranteetopromotegarbagesorting,"LiuJianguo,a

professorfromTsinghuaUniversity,toldChinaDaily,"AsidefromChina,manycountries

likeGermany,SpainandBritain,alsoaskpeopletosortwasteintospecificcategories.In

Japan,thereisafixedtimeforthesortingofeachkindofgarbageandlittering.”

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutthenewregulationinBeijing?

A.Ithasn'tbeenputintouseyet.

B.Residentscansortthegarbageastheylike.

C.Peoplecangetmoneyiftheyclassifytheirdomesticwastecorrectly.

D.Thosewhocan'tsortthegarbageasthenewrulerequiresshallbefined.

6.WhafstheproblemingarbagesortinginChina?

A.Mostpeopleareunawareofitsimportanceinprotectingenvironment.

B.Somepeopledon'twanttotakethetroubletosortthegarbage.

C.Onlyresidentsinbigcitiescansortthetrashcorrectly.

D.Thegovernmentdoesn'thaveenoughmoneytosupportgarbagesorting.

7.WhatcanweinferfromLiuJianguo'swords?

A.It'sdifficulttocarryoutgarbagesortinginChina.

B.Somelawsingarbage-sortingareneeded.

C.Peopleindevelopedcountriescanbettersortthegarbage.

D.WeshouldlearnfromJapan.

8.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Garbagesorting,anewstartinChinaB.NewregulationsinBeijing

C.ArgumentongarbagesortingD.Howtosortdomesticgarbage

Passage3

（2021•北京工业大学附属中学高三期中）Garbagecansarenotmagicalopenings.

Garbagedoesnotdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.Yet,theaverageAmericanthrows

awayabout1,600poundsofwasteeachyear.Iftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,where

doesitallgo?Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,

andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.Let'stakeaquicklookat

each.

Recyclingistheprocessofturningwasteintonewmaterials.Forexample,usedpaper

canbeturnedintopaperboard,whichcanbeusedtomakebookcovers.Recyclingcanreduce

pollution,savematerials,andlowerenergyuse.Yet,somearguethatrecyclingwastesenergy.

Theybelievethatcollecting,processing,andconvertingwasteusesmoreenergythanitsaves.

Still,mostpeopleagreethatrecyclingisbetterfortheplanetthanlandfilling.

Landfillingistheoldestmethodofmanagingwaste.Initssimplestform,landfillingis

whenpeopleburygarbageinahole.Overtimethepracticeoflandfillinghasadvanced.

Garbageissqueezed（挤压）togetherbeforeitisthrownintothehole.Inthiswaymore

garbagecanfitineachlandfill.Largelinersareplacedinthebottomoflandfillssothat

poisonousgarbageliquiddoesn'tgetintothegroundwater.Sadly,theselinersdon'talways

work.Landfillsmaypollutethelocalwatersupply.Nottomentionthatallofthatgarbage

smellshorrible.Nobodywantstolivenexttoalandfill.Thismakesithardtofindnew

locationsfbrlandfills.

Becauseofallthenegativeattentionthatlandfillinghasreceived,interestincomposting

hasgrown.Compostingiswhenpeoplepileuporganicmatter,suchasfoodwaste,andallow

ittodecompose.Theproductofthisdecompositioniscompost.Compostcanbeaddedtothe

soiltomakethesoilricherandbetterforgrowingcrops.

Onethingthatiseasiertodoisburninggarbage.Therearetwomainwaystoincinerate

waste.Thefirstistocreateorharvestafuelfromthewaste,suchasmethanegas（沼气），and

burnthefuel.Thesecondistoburnthewastedirectly.Theheatfromtheincinerationprocess

canboilwater,whichcanpowersteamgenerators.Unfortunately,burninggarbagepollutes

theair.Also,somecriticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldbe

recycled.

Usually,thecommunityinwhichyoulivemanageswaste.Onceyouputyourgarbagein

thatcan,whathappenstoitisbeyondyourcontrol.Butyoucanmakechoiceswhileitisstill

inyourhands.Youcanchoosetorecycle,youcanchoosetocompost,oryoucanchooseto

letsomeoneelsedealwithit.Thechoiceisyours.

9.Whydoestheauthormentionmagicalgarbagefairiesinthefirstparagraph?

A.Tocreativelysupporthisargumentwithevidence.

B.Topointoutthatgarbagedoesn'tdisappearbyitself.

C.Tomakethelanguagemoreattractivetopleasereaders.

D.Todrawattentiontodifferentkindsofgarbagethrownaway.

10.Whatcanweleamfromthepassage?

A.Somethinkrecyclingisawasteoftime.

B.Incinerationmaydestroyrecyclableresources.

C.Findingnewlocationsisthefocusoflandfilling.

D.Thepurposeofacompostpileistomakesoilrich.

11.Accordingtothepassage,landfilling.

A.involvesburyinggarbageinaholeB.reducesthehorriblesmells

C.squeezesgarbagetogetherD.protectsgroundwater

12.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Magic:BringingBackWhatWasOnceLost

B.Dealwiththegarbage:WhichisBestforYou?

C.MethodsofWasteManagement:AdvantagesandDisadvantages

D.DoYourPart:HowtoSavetheEarthbyRecyclingandComposting

Passage4

（2020•北京石景山•高三期末）Sorttrash,saveEarth

Youmightnotthinkmuchaboutwhereyourgarbagegoes.Butnowyoumightwantto

know.OnJuly1,Shanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy（垃圾分类政策）.People

thereneedtoputdifferentkindsofgarbageintodifferentbins.OthercitiesinChinawilldo

thesamesoon.

Whyisgarbagesortingabigproblem?It'sbecausethereistoomuchgarbagethesedays.

Itisbadforoursoil,airandwater.Actuallywecanmakeuseofsomegarbageagain.

Andfirst,weneedtosortourgarbage.Forexample,ifyouputanoldbatteryintothe

"harmfulwaste"bin,peoplecanuseittomakenewbatteries.Butifyoudon't,thebattery

willendupsomewhereelse.Then,itwillpollutetheenvironment.

Can'tfactoriessortgarbageforus?Yes,theycan.Butittakesmanyworkerstodothis

andcostslotsofmoney.Ifweallsortourowngarbage,thingswillbecomemucheasier.

Garbagesortingandrecyclingaroundtheworld

•Germany:Therearebigmachinesinsupermarkets.Youcanputbottlesinthemachines

andgetmoneyback.Youcangetonetotwoyuanperbottle.Peoplelikethisbecausetheycan

getmoneyandprotecttheenvironmentatthesametime.

•Japan:Atrashtruckcomestopeople'sdoorstopickuptheirgarbage.Itplaysmusic

whenit'scoming.Thereareeightormorekindsofgarbage.Ifyousortanyofthemwrong,

youwillgetanoticeonyourdoor.

•Indonesia:Peoplecantakebusesfbrfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobusstations.An

hour-longbusridecoststhreelargebottles,fivemediumbottlesor10plasticcups.Butthe

bottlesmustbeclean.

•Shanghai:FourkindsofgarbageinShanghai

Drygarbageis

HarmfulWetgarbage

Recyclableanythingyoucannot

garbageincludesusuallycomesfrom

garbageincludesputintotheother

lamps,batteries,nailthekitchen,suchas

paper,books,boxes,threebins.It

polish（指甲油）,food,vegetables,

newspapers,andincludespens,toilet

andotherthingswithflowers,leavesand

glassbottles.paper,tape,hair,and

harmfulchemicals.eggshells.

towels.

13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.ManyothercitiesinChinahavegarbage-sortingpolicies.

B.Manypeopledon'tlikeShanghai'sgarbage-sortingpolicy.

C.ShanghaiisthefirstcityinChinatomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.

D.Chinaisthefirstcountryintheworldtomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.

14.Withthebatteryexample,thewritertriestotellus.

A.howtosortourgarbage

B.theimportanceofsortingourgarbage

C.whatharmfulwasteis

D.thedifficultyofsortingourgarbage

15.Whycan'tweaskfactoriestosortgarbage?

A.Becausewedon'thavethiskindoffactory.

B.Becausefactoriesaskfortoomuchmoney.

C.Becauseittakestoomanyworkerstodoit.

D.Becausenotallgarbagecangotofactories.

16.Inwhichcountrycanpeopletakebusesforfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobusstations?

A.Germany.B.Indonesia.C.Japan.D.China.

Passage5

（2021•江苏宿迁•高三一模）IfyouliveinChina,mandatory（强制的）garbage

sortingiscomingtoacitynearyou.IntheUK,peoplehavebeensortingoutrubbishfora

while.Formostpeople,it?sjustsecondnaturetosortwasteathomebeforethrowingitinto

separatebins.

ButlikemostBritsandotherWesterners,Ihadnoideathatmostofourrecyclingusedto

gotoChinauntilthecountrybannedforeigntrashimportslastyea匚Withitsboomingmiddle

classofurbanconsumers,Chinahasitsownincreasingwasteproblemsthatiturgentlyneeds

todealwith.DuringChina'snewdrivetosortoutitstrashproblem,Iwaskeentoseewhat

Hangzhouwasdoingtogetresidentsready.

Itwassevena.m.whenIfirstgottowork,inalocalcommunitywhereresidentswere

headingouttowork,schoolorforamorningwalk.IwasjoinedbyLiuLianqun,a"garbage

guide^^nexttothelocaltrashsortingstation.Whenmanylocalsapproachedus,

enthusiasticallyholdingtheirgreenbagsgivenforfree,itwasuptoustogivethemakindbut

firmtelling-off.”Kitchenwasteisfooditemsonly!Notissues!Nopaper!Noplastic!”Some

peopletookouradvicewhileotherswereclearlyangryatbeingtoldwhattodo.Ifs

understandable.Ourrubbishcanbeverypersonalandsomethingthatwekeeptoourselves.

Anyattemptbyastrangertospyintoourbinbagsisgoingtobeunwelcome.ButLiuwas

veryoptimisticthatprogresswasbeingmade.

Inanothercommunity,Ifoundadifferentapproachtogarbagesorting—rewarding

residentswithpointsinreturnfortheirrecyclablewaste.ByscanningaQRcodethrougha

smartphoneapp,localscancollectpointsfortheircardboard,plasticbottlesandoldclothing,

andexchangethemforgoodsorcashinlocalshops.

Ifcommonpeoplecouldseetruckaftertruckpouringglass,paperandplasticinto

landfillwiththeirowneyes,theywouldlikelygivegarbageseparationalotmoreattention.

ForChina'sgarbageseparationcampaign,educationwillbeessentialinthelongterm.

17.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.ForeigntrashimportshavedonegreatharmtoChina.

B.Importsofforeigngarbagehavenotbeenbanneduptonow.

C.ResidentsinHangzhouarereadyforgarbagesorting.

D.MostoftheforeigngarbageinChinacomesfromBritain.

18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“telling-ofT“inparagraph3referto?

A.Carryingoutseverepunishment.B.Showingawarmwelcome.

C.Pointingouttheirmistakesseriously.D.Givingthemguidance.

19.Whyisitunderstandableforresidentstogetangryatbeingtoldhowtosortgarbage?

A.Becausethegreenbagsaregiventothemfreeofcharge.

B.Becauseresidentstheretendtobedefensivetowardsstrangers.

C.Becauseonlyfooditemscanbekeptinkitchenwastegarbagebags.

D.Becausethecontentsingreenbagsmayletoutpersonalinformation.

20.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Wealthhiddeninwaste

B.Lessgarbage,clearerenvironment

C.Morepoints,morerewards

D.Goodstartforgarbagesorting

Passage6

（2020•内蒙古包头•高三期末）Recently,themostheatedtopicof“whichisthe

rightbinformygarbage^^hassweptChina.

ShanghaiisamongChina'sfirstcitiestointroducegarbageclassification（垃圾分类）

andalsothecountry'smostseriousinitsperforming.SinceJuly1,2019,Shanghairesidents

havebeenrequiredbylawtosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories,ortheycouldface

fines.Individuals,includingtourists,canbefined200yuanforfailingtosorttheirwaste

properly,whilecompaniesandinstitutionscanbefinedupto50,000yuan.

Thegovernmenthassetuponlineappstohandlesortingquestions,andannounced

guidelinestoaddressthe44one-size-fits-alF,method.Thecountryisabouttoinvestover21

billionyuanintheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilitiestomeetdemands.Nowit's

introducingartificialintelligenceintoitswastemanagementsystem,bysettinguplittle

camerasinmanysetsofbins.

However,noteveryfacecanberecognizedbythesmartdustbinuntilyouregisterforthe

system.Onceregistrationiscomplete,userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,whichthenopens

ituptoallowforgarbagedisposal（处£电）.Now,eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodefor

throwingoutwaste.Here,theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,theyalso

helpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.

Chinaissteppingintotheageofcompulsorygarbagesortingwithitscitiesrevisinglaws

ongarbageclassification.ForShanghai,sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedtocarryout

garbagesortingbytheendof2019,and90percentby2020.Garbagesortingis,without

doubt,acostlybutworthwhileendeavor.Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandimportantforthe

country'ssustainabledevelopment(可持续发展),andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromising

industryaswell.

21.Whatisthecorrectorderinusingsmartgarbagesortingsystem?

①Gainrewards.

②Openupthebin

(3)Registerforthesystem.

④ScanaQRcodeonthebin.

A.③④②①B.④②③①

C.③①②④D.④③②①

22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endeavor“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Effort.B.Fashion.

C.Announcement.D.Decision.

23.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Theintelligentbinscanonlyshowgarbageweight.

B.ResidentshavetosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategoriesinShanghai.

C.Ifcompaniesforgettosorttheirwaste,theycanbefined200yuan.

D.Touristscanavoidbeingfinedforfailingtosorttheirwastecorrectly.

24.Whydoesourcountrypushaheadwithcompulsorygarbagesorting?

A.Tobuildagarbagesortingsystem.

B.Toincreasetheuseofartificialintelligence.

C.Topromotesustainabledevelopmentofenvironment.

D.Tosupporttheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilities.

Passage7

（2021.山东•潍坊一中高三一模）

I'msureyouallknowhowimportantrecyclingis.Recyclingiswhenyoutakeoldthings

andturnthemintonewthings.Itsoundslikemagic.Butit'sactuallyveryscientific.

Thefirstthingyouhavetodoistocollectitemsthatcanberecycled.Only

Materialcertainmaterialscanberecycled.Theseincludethingsmadeoutofpaper,metal,

glassandplastic.

Canyouthinkofeverydayitemsmadeofthesematerial?Sodacansaregood

example.Theyaremadeoutofmetal.Magazinesandnewspaperaremadeoutof

Daily

paper.Soarecerealboxes.Somebottlesofjuicearemadeoutofglass.Bagsand

things

yogurtcontainersaremadeoutofplastic.Therearemanythingsthatcanbe

recycled.

Thesethingsareusuallystampedwiththerecyclingloop.Ithas3arrowsthatgo

Loopinatriangular（三角形）circle.Thisshowsthatcycled（循环）continues.Itemsare

thrownawaybutcontinuetheirlivesassomethingelse.

Let'sgobacktotheprocessofrecycling.①Theitemsareputinarecycling

bin.②Atruckcarriestheitemstoarecyclingplant（工厂）.③Thematerialsare

Process

separatedandsquashed（被压扁成）intosquarecubes.④Companiesbuyandturn

themintonewproducts.

25.Whatisrecyclingaccordingtothepassage?

A.It'samagicperformance.B.It'sawayofburningoldthings.

C.It'sawaytomakeoldthingsuseful.D.It'sascientificresearch.

26.Whichmaterialisnotmentionedinthepassage?

A.Rubber.B.Metal

C.Glass.D.Plastic.

27.The"3arrows"showsthattheitems

A.havesomevaluablestampsB.areinatrianglecircle

C.arerecycledandreusedD.arethrownaway

Passage8

（2020•黑龙江齐齐哈尔•高三二模）IfyouliveinShanghai,youmighthaveto

takea“lesson“insortinggarbage,asthecityrecentlyintroducednewgarbage-sorting

regulations.Ifsnowrequiredthatpeopleshouldsortgarbageintofourcategories,namely

recyclable,harmful,dryandwetwaste.However,ifpeoplefailtosorttheirgarbageproperly,

theycanbefinedupto200yuan.Morecitiesareintroducingsimilarregulations,following

thepracticeinShanghai.Bytheendof2020,garbage-sortingsystemswillhavebeenbuiltin

46majorChinesecities,includingBeijingandShenzhen,reportedPeople'sDaily.

AccordingtoastudybythePolicyResearchCenterforEnvironmentandEconomy,

undertheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,over90percentofthepublicbelievethat

garbagesortingisimportantfortheprotectionoftheenvironment.However,garbagesorting

isstillabigprobleminChina.Only30percentofparticipantssaidtheythinktheyare

adequatelysortingtheirtrash,thestudynoted.

AccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,it'spartlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingness

tosorttheirownwaste.Inthepast,somepreviousgarbageregulationsdidn'tgiveclearfines

forpeoplewhofailedtosortgarbage."It'samusttohavealegalguaranteetopromote

garbagesorting.^^LiuJianguo,aprofessorfromTsinghuaUniversity,toldChinaDaily.He

alsoadded“theimportanceofthenewregulationsinShanghaiistochangethepastvoluntary

actionintocompulsoryactionfbreveryone”

AsidefromChina,manyotherforeigncountrieshavealsointroducedgarbage-sorting

regulations.InJapan,wastesoilinghasbecomeabasicsurvivalskill,reportedXinhua.There

isafixedtimefordisposalofeachkindofgarbageandlitteringcanresultinhighfinesand

evenjailtime.InGermanytoo,peopleareaskedtosortwasteintospecificcategories,

reportedHuffPost.Forexample,inBerlin,peoplehaveyellowbinsforplasticandmetalsand

bluebinsfbrpaperandcardboard.

28.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?

A.Peoplewillbefinednotlessthan200yuan.

B.Shanghaiworksasapioneeringarbagesorting.

C.AllthecitiesusethesameregulationsasShanghai.

D.Poisonouswastebelongstofourcategoriesinsorting.

29.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Notallthepublicattachimportancetogarbagesorting.

B.Garbage-sortingsystemhavebeenbuiltin46majorcities.

C.PeopleinShanghaiaren'tfinedclearlyiftheyfailtosortgarbagenow.

D.PeoplemaybeputinprisonbecauseoflitteringinGermany.

30.WhatcanbeinferredfromLiuJianguo'swords?

A.Legalguaranteeisamusttopromotegarbagesorting.

B.Thereisagrowingconcernovergarbagesortingworldwide.

C.Hesupportsthelegalregulationsingarbagesorting.

D.Thesortingactionshouldbechangedfromcompulsorytovoluntary.

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HardtoRecycleAppropriately

B.SeriousWasteProblemsinBigCities

C.GarbageSortingPracticeinShanghai

D.ImportantRegulationsinShanghai

参考答案

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾制作了一个巨大的雕

塑作品，让人们通过这个雕塑重新审视自己与一次性塑料制品的关系。此外他在2018的一

件作品“TruckloadofPlastic”说明了每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。VonWong通过用塑

料垃圾制造巨型雕塑来唤醒和提高人们的环保意识。

1.

推理判断题。根据第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?Artist

BenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplastic

garbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.（但一根塑

料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明•冯・王（BenjaminVonWong）想让你

知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产

品的关系。）”可知，VonWong用塑料垃圾制作的雕塑想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品

的关系，由此可知他做这个雕塑的目的是为了引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C项。

2.

推理判断题。根据第三段“Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebyno

meansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecause

mostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannot

berecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeone

usedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.（全

球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但它们最近却受到了抨

击，因为大多数人不需要吸管喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。冯・王

作品中的每一根吸管都很可能来自只喝了几分钟的饮料。一旦饮料消失了，吸管也要几个世

纪才能消失。）“可知，吸管由于体积小，重量轻，无法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三

段讨论吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。故选A项。

3.

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Inapieceform2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）a

specificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,

titled"TruckloadofPlastic/5VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000

piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped（倾倒）froma

truckallatonce.（在2018年的一个作品中，冯・王（VonWong）想要说明一个具体的统计数字：

每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，冯・王和一组志愿者收

集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。y

可知，这个作品以创新的方式让人们了解到塑料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量倾入海洋，刷

新了观众对海洋塑料污染的认知，由此可推断，这个作品会让观众对塑料垃圾进入海洋造成

污染这件事感到不安。故选B项。

4.

标题判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?

ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutof

plasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirre