2021-2022学年北京海淀区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案

2021-2022学年北京海淀区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答

案

本部分共31题，共48分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

一、单项填空（每题1分，共10分）

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.Paulismybestfriend.Ioftenpracticerunningwithafterschool.

A.meB.usC.himD.them

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：保罗是我最好的朋友。放学后我经常和他一起练习跑步。

考查人称代词宾格。me我；US我们;him他；them他们。根据wPaulismybestfriend.

保罗是我最好的朋友，可知是放学后我经常和“他”一起练习跑步，故选C。

2.ThetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderBell1876.

A.inB.onC.atD.from

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：电话是亚历山大•贝尔于1876年发明的•

考查时间介词辨析。in用在年、月或上、下午的前面；On用于具体的某一天或具体某一天

的上午、下午或晚上；at用于具体的时刻前面；from来自。根据“1876”可知，在某年前

面用介词in。故选A。

3.It,ssnowingoutside.Putonyourcoatbeforeleaving,youmaycatch

acold.

A.soB.orC.butD.and

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：外面下雪了。走之前穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。

考查连词。So所以；Or否则；but但是；and和。根据“祈使句+and/or陈述句”可知，A、

C不符合句意；再者根据"Putonyourcoatbeforeleaving"和"youmaycatchacold”

可知，走之前穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。故选B。

4.—schoolbagisthis,LiMing?

-Iamnotsure.ItmightbeCarla,s.

A.WhoB.WhoseC.WhatD.Which

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：一一李明，这是谁的书包？一一我不确定。可能是卡拉的。

考查特殊疑问句。WhO谁;WhOSe谁的;What什么;WhiCh哪个。根据αItmightbeCarla,s.,,

可知，是询问这是谁的书包。故选B。

5.—Mum,IgototheshoppingcenterwithAnnanow?

—I,mafraidyoucan,t.Youshouldcleanyourroomfirst.

A.shouldB.mustC.canD.need

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：一一妈妈，我现在可以和安娜一起去购物中心了吗？一一恐怕不行。你应该

先打扫你的房间。

考查情态动词辨析。ShOUld应该；must必须；Can可以；need需要。根据答语"I'mafraid

youCan't.”可知，用can't做否定回答，所以用Can提问，故选C。

6.It,swellknownthattheGreatWallisoneof_______man-madewondersinthe

world.

A.greatB.greaterC.greatestD.the

greatest

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：众所周知，长城是世界上最伟大的人造奇迹之一。

考查形容词最高级。根据"oneof+the+最高级+名词复数”可知，此空需要形容词最高级，

且最高级前面需要加上the。故选D。

7.—Jason,Icalledyouat8:00lastnight,butyoudidn,tanswerit.

—Oh,Itosomeloudmusicatthat.time.

A.listenB.listenedC.amlisteningD.was

listening

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：一一Jason,我昨晚八点给你打过电话，但你没接。一一噢，我当时正在听

吵闹的音乐。

考查动词时态。根据"atthattime”可知，此处表示在过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，用

过去进行时WaS/weredoing的结构,故选D。

8.—Howisyourreadingproject?

-ImostofthebookswearesupposedtoreadsinceSeptember.

A.havereadB.readC.willreadD.am

reading

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：一一你的阅读计划怎么样了？一一从九月份开始，我们应该读的书我读了大

部分了。

考查动词时态。SinCe+过去的时间点，句子用现在完成时have/hasdone的结构，故选A。

9.The2022WinterOlympicsinBeijingthisFebruary.

A.heldB.wereheldC.willholdD.willbe

held

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：2022年冬奥会将于今年2月在北京举行。

考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据语境，可知句子时态用一般将来时，且主语“Winter

OIymPiCS”和谓语动词“hold”之间存在被动关系，因此要用被动语态；一般将来时的被动

语态结构为：Willb6+动词的过去分词，故选D。

10.一Excuseme,couldyoutellmeonweekends?

—Itclosesat10:30pm.

Λ.whentheschoollibraryclosesB.whentheschoollibraryclosed

C.whendoestheschoollibrarycloseD.whendidtheschoollibrary

close

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：一一对不起，你能告诉我学校图书馆周末什么时候关门吗？一一晚上十点

半关门。

考查宾语从句。根据“Itclosesat10:30pm.”可知，宾语从句的时态是一般现在时；且

宾语从句的语序要用陈述语气，结合选项，A符合句意。故选A。

二、完形填空（每题1.5分，共12分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最

佳选项。

Jakewassittingallaloneintheclassroomduringthebreak,thinkingabout

the"C"hehadreceivedinhisspellingtest."IknewIwasgettingitwhenI

wastakingthetest,butIjustcan,thelpfeelingunluckytobebadat

spellings,"thoughtJake.IIewasgoodatothersubjects,andhecouldn,t11

seeingabig"C"onhistestpaper.

Afterthebreak,thespellingteacherMs.KaurcameinandsaidthattheSpelling

BeeContestwasgoingtobeheld.Somestudentswereexcitedbecausetheyweregood

atspellings,butotherswore12expressions.SodidJake.IIecertainlywas

nottakingpartinit.Hewasstillworryingabouthistest.Jakewantedtoscore

wellinspellingteststoo,buthecouldn,tfocusonspellings.Hesattherethinking

aboutwhattodo.Finally,hegotagoodidea.Itseemedthebestthingtodowas

to13somethinginspellings.Heknewittookcouragetotakepartinsomething

hewasbadat,butitwasawindowofopportunity.

Thenextday,whenhetoldMs.Kaurabouthisdecision,shewassurprised."I

amproudofyou,Jake.Youseta/an14forthosewhoarebadatsomesubjects,

butneverworkforthem.”

Fromthatdayon,Jakestartedworkingforthecontest.Hewasburiedinthe

spellingbooks,feelingsleepynowandthen.Hefeltsurehewouldsleepwiththe

boringspellings.Buthewentonworking.

Soonthedayforthefirst15ofthecontestcame.Itwashisturn.He

walkedontothestage.Hewasnervous.Ms.Kaurnoddedherheadencouragingly.She

askedhimtheword.Jakewantedto16rightthere.Heknewtheword!

uE-N-O-R-M-I-T-Y,,,heanswered.

Unexpectedly,Jakeenteredthenextroundandworkedevenharder.Inthefinal

Jakefelthisheart17loudly.Butwhenheheardhisword,hewasnomorenervous.

wC-O-U-N-C-I-L,,,heansweredcorrectly.Hemadeitforthesubjectinwhichhe

gotbadgrades!

Opportunitiescomeandgo.Thesecretofsuccessistobe18whenan

opportunitycomes.Whenitcomes,youmusttakeitandgoon,andnevergiveup.

11.A.helpB.mindC.standD.

remember

12.A.boredB.excitedC.pleasedD.

confused

13.A.avoidB.achieveC.admireD.accept

14.A.goalB.instructionC.planD.

example

15.A.timeB.wordC.roundD.scene

16.A.hideB.runC.sitD.dance

17.A.singingB.beatingC.hittingD.aching

18.A.readyB.happyC.patientD.

curious

【答案】11.C]⑵A13.B14.D15.C16.D17.B18.A

【解析】

【导语】本文主要讲了主人公一开始在单词拼写方面成绩不够好，为了突破自己，他决定通

过比赛，让自己在拼写方面有所收获，终于功夫不负苦心人，他成功了。

【11题详解】

句意：他在其他科目上都很好，他不能忍受看到他的试卷上一个大大的“C”。

help帮助；mind介意；stand忍受；remember记住。根据α∏ewasgoodatothersubjects”

可知，他无法忍受看到他的试卷上一个大大的“C”。故选C。

【12题详解】

句意：一些学生很兴奋，因为他们擅长拼写，但其他学生则表现出厌烦的表情。

bored厌烦的；excited兴奋的；PIeaSed满意的;COnfUSed困惑的。根据"but”可知,此

句和上句是转折关系，其他学生则表现出厌烦的表情。故选A。

【13题详解】

句意：似乎最好的办法是在拼写方面有所收获。

avoid避免；achieve获得；admire羡慕；accept接受。根据"Heknewittookcourageto

takepartinsomethinghewasbadat,butitwasawindowofopportunity.“可知，

要想在拼写方面有所进步，就要在拼写上面有收获。故选B。

14题详解】

句意：你为那些在某些科目上表现不好，却从不为它们努力的人树立了榜样。

goal目标；instruction指示；PIan计划；example榜样。根据上文内容和"whoarebadat

somesubjects,butneverworkforthem"可知，他为其他人树立了一个好榜样。故选D。

【15题详解】

句意：不久，第一轮比赛的日子就到了。

time时间；Word单词；round轮；SCene场景。根据"Itwashisturn.Hewalkedontothe

stage.Hewasnervous"和"Jakeenteredthenextround)"可知，第一轮比赛的日子来

了。故选Co

【16题详解】

句意：杰克想在那里跳舞。

un

hide藏；run跑;Sit坐;dance跳舞。根据"Heknewtheword!E-N-O-R-M-I-T-Y1he

answered.”可知，因为知道答案，所以激动地想跳舞。故选1)。

【17题详解】

句意：在决赛中，杰克感到自己的心跳得很厉害。

Singing唱歌；beating跳动；hitting撞；aching痛。根据"heart”可知，是心脏跳动地

厉害。故选Bo

【18题详解】

句意：成功的秘诀在于当机会来临时要做好准备。

ready准备；happy开心；patient耐心的；CUrioUS好奇的。根据“Whenitcomes,youmust

takeitandgoon,andnevergiveup.”可知，当机会来临的时候，我们要做好准备。

故选Ao

三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、F四个选项中，选择最佳选

项。

A

Areyoulookingforsomefunwaystorecyclewastematerials?Herearesomesimple

butenjoyablewastematerialschoolprojectforalmosteveryagegroup!

Doyouhavetoomanydriedleavesinfrontofyourhouse

DriedLeafAnimalsthatyouneedtokeepsweepingintothebin?Whydon,t

youusethemtomakesomethingfuninstead?Pickupfallen

leavesandturnthemintolittleanimalcut-outs.Thenyou

canusethemasbookmarksorstickthemoncards.Thisis

agreatactivityforyouwhenyou'rebored.

Haveyouevertriedtoturnoldplasticorglass

BottleVasesbottlesintoprettylittlevases?Youcanusewhateveryou

一———∙∙∙3J3

wantforthis.Wesuggestsomepaint,tapeandevenpieces

ofcloth.Getsomefallenflowersandleavestodecorate

（装饰）yourbottlestoo!Nowyouhaveyourveryownvases

toputsomeprettyflowersin.

Doyouusuallythrowyourpencilshavingsintothebin?

PencilShavingArtNowyoucankeeptheminstead!Therearemanyartandcraft

———.A■

activitiesforyou.Fromfruitstoanimalstoflowers,the

questionisn,twhatyoucandowithpencilshavingsbut

；____GRRRRJratherwhatyoucannotdo!Letyourimaginationrunwild

andseewhatcoolandcreativeideasyou,11comeupwith!

Haveyoueverthoughtofthis?Howcreativethisone

WalnutShellTurtlesis!Walnutshells（核桃壳）dolookliketurtleshells.Get

somepaint,ablackmarker,tape,glue,scissors,

cardboardandyourwalnutshellsandyou,regoodtogo.

飞鱼-

,⅛*,■Enjoyyourselvesasyousitandmakecutelittleturtles

皿，aW

>>

*thatyoucankeepinanybedroomorthelivingroom.We

lovethisactivityandwehopeyoudotoo!

19.Intheprojects,thedriedleavescanbeusedto.

A.makebookmarksB.lightcandlesC.playgamesD.feed

animals

20.Tomhassomewalnutshells,andhecanturntheminto

A.animalcut-outsB.prettyvasesC.beautifulflowersD.cute

turtles

21.Theprojectsaredesignedtohelp________.

A.decoratetheclassroomsB.keeptheschoolclean

C.makethelessonsmorefunD.recyclewastematerials

【答案】19.A20.D21.D

【解析】

【导语】本文介绍了三个简单而有趣的回收废物项目。

【19题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Pickupfallenleavesandturnthemintolittleanimalcut-outs.

Thenyoucanusethemasbookmarksorstickthemoncards”可知，干树叶可以作为

书签，故选A。

【20题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Walnutshells（核桃壳）dolookliketurtleshellsw可知，可以

将核桃壳变成可爱的乌龟，故选D。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Areyoulookingforsomefunwaystorecyclewastematerialsw

可知，这些项目是为了帮助回收废物，故选D。

B

TheArtofSinging

WhenAlanafirstsawthemusicalAnnie,sheknewshewantedtotryoutforthe

leadroleatsometimeinherlife.Shewenthomeandsangtheshowtune（曲目）of

Annie.Sherecordedhersingingandlistenedbacktoit,butitdidn,tsoundas

goodasshethought.

“Yourvoiceislikeaninstrument.Youneedtolearnhowtouseit,,,hermother

suggested.

SoAlanajoinedabandandasingingclub.Shealsolearnedhowtoreadsheet

musicandothersingingskills.

Dayslater,ΛlanawenttothelibraryandtookoutsomeCDsoffemaleartists

tolistento.Sheranthroughthefemaleartistsandtriedveryhardtoemulate（模

仿）theirsinging.First,AlanaputonArethaFranklin,whoisknowastheQueen

ofSoul.Then,sheputonBillieHoliday.Shelearnedtorelaxherneckandshoulders

andbreathedinfromaboveherbelly.Alanafoundthateachsingerhadtheirown

wayofformingthenotes.Shewasamazedtoseethatthehumanvoicecouldstretch

（伸展）insomanydifferentways.AsAlanaexperimentedwithvariouswaysofsinging,

shegotmorecomfortablewithwhatherownvoicenaturallysoundedlike.

Aroundthistime,itwasannouncedthatherschoolwouldproducetheirown

performanceofAnnie.Alanawantedthelead!

WhenshetriedoutforAnnie,shesangverypowerfully."Thesun,11comeout..

tomorrow!,,shebeltedout."You'reonly...adayyy....a...wayyyyy!,,

Hermusicteacherapplauded."Alana,you,vebeenworkinghardtobecomea

bettersinger.Congratulations!You,vegottheleadrole!You,reournewAnnie!”

Alana,sdreamcametrue.Butsheknewherdreamdidn,tjusthappenbecause

shewishedandhopeditwould.She,dbeentakinglessonsandworkinghard.Shewalked

homewhistling（用口哨吹奏）ahappylittlesong.

22.WhydidAlanapracticesingingtheshowtuneofAnnie?

A.Becausehermotherencouragedhertojoinaband.

B.BecauseshewantedtotryoutfortheroleofAnnie.

C.BecauseAlanawouldteachherclassmatestosingit.

D.BecauseitwasasongfromherfavoritemusicalAnnie.

23.Afterlisteningandemulatingsomeartists,singing,Alana

A.helpedherclasswinaprizeB.learnedtousehervoicebetter

C.wasabletowriteherownsongsD.mastereddifferentwaysof

singing

24.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A.AllroadsleadtoRome.B.Loveme,lovemydog.

C.Hardworkdoespayoff.D.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.

【答案】22.B23.B24.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公经过不断的模仿和练习，终于得到了音乐剧

的主角。

【22题详解】

名田节理解题。根据"WhenAlanafirstsawthemusicalAnnie,sheknewshewantedto

tryoutfortheleadroleatsometimeinherlife,v可知，Alana想试演主角。故选

Bo

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据"AsAlanaexperimentedwithvariouswaysofsinging,shegotmore

comfortablewithwhatherownvoicenaturallysoundedlike.”可知,随着Alana不

断尝试各种演唱方式，她对自己自然的声音更加适应，可推知学会了更好地使用她的声音。

故选B。

【24题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，AIana经过不断的模仿和练习，终于得到了音乐剧的主角，

可见付出终有回报。故选C。

C

Everyonewantstobewell-liked.Ashumans,wearebornwiththeneedtobevalued

andlikedbyothers.Beingpartofagrouphasbeennecessaryinalotofways.

Connectionisabasichumanneed.

Manypeoplefeelasthoughtheyhavetobeacertainwaytobewell-liked.They

thinkotherswilllikethemmoreiftheyputtheirbestselvesforward,don,tmake

mistakes,andalwaysknowtherightthingtosay.However,somesurprisingscience

maybeputtingallthisinquestion.

ThePratfallEffect

Itturnsoutthatpeoplewhonevermakemistakesareactuallylesslikeable.

AccordingtoanexperimentbyElliotAronsoninthe1960s,peoplewhomadeasmall

blunder,suchasdroppingcoffeeOVertheirshirt,wereconsideredmorelikeable

thanthosewhodidn,t.Thiswasonlytrueforpeoplewhowereconsideredcompetent

（有能力的）inthefirstplace,though.Thisphenomenon（现象）wastermedthePratfall

Effect.

ThePratfallEffectshowsthatit,snotonlyokaytomakemistakes,butitcan

actuallybehelpfultous.Vulnerability（weakness）isendearing（讨人喜欢的）.It

helpsusformconnectionswithothers.Whenweunderstandwheresomeoneiscoming

fromanconnectionwiththem,wedevelopadeepemotionalbondandlikethemmore.

Applythistoyourownlife

Youcanusethisinformationtoyouradvantage.Firstly,it,simportanttoknow

1ikeabilitydependsoncontext.Whatsomeonefindsendearinginonesituationmay

notworkinanother,anddifferentpeoplemightfinddifferentqualitiesmore

likeable.Sometimesthethingswedislikethemostaboutourselvesarethemost

endearingtoothers.Thesamecanbetruefortheopposite.Justbeyourtrueself

andpeoplewillfindwhattheylovemostaboutyou.

Secondly,vulnerabilityisagoodthing.Sharingthemostinner,realpartsof

yourselvescancreatemeaningfulconnections.Pretending（假装）tobeperfectis

notsomethingthatpeoplefindendearing.Butopeningupissomethingthatpeople

caneasilyconnectwith.

Likeabilityisnotasstraightforwardasyoumightthink.Whatyouthinkmakes

youmorelikeablemightactuallymakeyoulesslikeable.Stoppretendingyounever

makemistakes.It,sthebestpathtoatrueandmeaningfulhumanconnection.

25.WhatcanwelearnfromthePratfallEffect?

A.Lifeexperiencecanbeenrichedbymakingmistakes.

B.Thefearofmakingmistakesmakespeoplemorecareful.

C.Peoplewhomakesmallmistakesmayturnouttobemorelikeable.

D.Theabilitytolearnfrommistakesmakesapersonmorecompetent.

26.Whatisthewriter,sopiniononvulnerability?

A.Itleadsustotherightwaytobeperfect.

B.Itworksasasmartwaytoexpressouropinions.

C.Itmakesotherpeoplefeelbetteraboutthemselves.

D.Ithelpsusformmeaningfulconnectionswithothers.

27.Thewritersuggeststhatweshouldstaytruetoourselvesbecause.

A.likeabilityvariesindifferentcasesB.noonecanbeperfect

C.weshouldacceptandlikewhoweareD.it,shardtopretendallthe

time

28.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ASecrettoImprovingYourQualityofLife

B.ΛKeytoBeingLikeableWhenMakingMistakes

C.ThePossibleBenefitsofBuildingupConnections

D.TheSurprisingScienceBehindBeingWell-Iiked

【答案】25.C26.D27.A28.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人人都想被他人所喜欢，但是一些令人惊讶科学

对此提出了质疑。

【25题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Itturnsoutthatpeoplewhonevermakemistakesareactuallyless

likeable.,,可知，事实证明，从不犯错的人实际上不那么讨人喜欢。故选C。

【26题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Vulnerability(weakness)isendearing(讨人喜欢的).Ithelpsus

formconnectionswithothers.Whenweunderstandwheresomeoneiscomingfroman

connectionwiththem,wedevelopadeepemotionalbondandlikethemmore.”可矢口,

它能帮助我们与他人建立有意义的联系。故选D。

【27题详解】

细节理解题。根据"it'simportanttoknowlikeabilitydependsoncontext.,,和“Just

beyourtrueselfandpeoplewillfindwhattheylovemostaboutyou.“可知,忠

于自己是因为受欢迎程度取决于环境•故选A。

【28题详解】

最佳标题题。根据"However,somesurprisingsciencemaybeputtingallthisin

question.,,可知，文章从科学角度方面解释了受人喜爱背后的令人惊讶的科学知识。故选

Do

D

sphere

Imagineyouareorderingforyourroommates.YourememberLauraprefersbanana

icecreamtochocolate.Itcouldbeafactforitwasprovedbyobservingherbehavior.

However,theicecreampreferencecouldbeanopinionthatshowsherpersonalchoice.

Whileit,snicetothinktheworldisclearlydividedintomattersoffactand

mattersofopinion,it,snotalwaysthecase.

Whatwethinkarefacts—thosethingswethinkaretrue—canendupbeing

wrong.Callingsomethingafactisnotapromiseofinfallibility（无误）・Thefamous

writer,AsimovexpressedthisinhisarticleTheRelativityofWrong.Forhim,the

personwhothinkstheEarthisflatiswrong,andsoisthepersonwhothinksthe

Earthisasphere.Afactisusuallyusedtorepresentthebestknowledgewehave

atacertaintime.

Thenagain,callingsomethinganopiniondoesn,tmeananescapetothefairyland

ofwishfulthinking.Ifwethinkofanopinionasoneperson,sviewonasubject,

thenmanyopinionscanbesolid.Forexample,it,smyopinionthatscienceprovides

uswithapowerfultooltohelpunderstandourplaceintheuniverse.It,snota

factthatsciencedoesso,butitworksforme.

Butwecanbemuchclearerinourmeaningifwedividethingsintomattersof

factandmattersofopinion.Mattersoffactarelimitedtoempiricalstatements

（实证表达），suchaswhattheboilingpointofwateris.Mattersofopinionare

non-empiricalstatements,whichincludequestionsofvalueandofpersonal

preferencesuchaswhetherit,sbettertoeatmorevegetablesthanmeat.

Mattersofopinioncanbeinformedbymattersoffact(forexample,findingout

thatvegetablesarerichinvitaminscanchangemyfoodpreference),butfinally

theyarenotansweredbymattersoffact(whydoesitmattertomethatvegetables

arerichinvitamins?)

Opinionsarenotjustpaleshadows(影子)offacts.Theyarejudgementsand

conclusions.Theycanbetheresultofcarefulconsiderationinareasforwhich

empiricalresearchisnotenoughorill-suited.

Factsandopinionsshouldn,tbeputinoppositiontoeachother,astheycan

bothplayanecessaryroleinourdecision-making.Butthat,sjustmyopinion,not

afact.

29.ThewritermentionsAsimov,sarticleinParagraph2toshow.

A.differentopinionsresultinheatedarguments

B.repeatingfactscanmakeothersagreewithus

C.whatwetakeasfactsmayturnouttobewrong

D.itisdifficulttopredicthowfactschangeovertime

30.Theword“informed”inParagraph5probablymeans"”.

Λ.influencedB.questionedC.replacedD.proved

31.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.

A.opinionsaremoreimportantthanfacts

B.factsandopinionsarenotagainsteachother

C.opinionscanbetheresultsofwishfulthinking

D.factsplayanimportantroleinscientificresearch

【答案】29.C30.A31.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了作者认为事实和观点不应该相互对立，因为它们都

可以在我们的决策中发挥必要的作用。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据"WhatWethinkarefacts—thosethingswethinkaretrue—can

endupbeingwrong.Callingsomethingafactisnotapromiseofinfallibility(无

误).Thefamouswriter,Λsimovexpressedthisinhisarticle.,,可矢口，“this”指

代uWhatwethinkarefacts—thosethingswethinkaretrue—canendupbeing

wrong.,,,因此作者提到ASinIoV文章是为了说明：我们认为是事实的东西最终可能是错误

的。故选Co

【30题详解】

词句猜测题。根据"Mattersofopinioncanbeinformedbymattersoffact（forexample,

findingoutthatvegetablesarerichinvitaminscanchangemyfoodpreference）,,

可知，意见可以被事实影响，因此ainformed",意为"influenced”。故选Ao

【31题详解】

推理判断题。根据"Factsandopinionsshouldn,tbeputinoppositiontoeachother,

astheycanbothplayanecessaryroleinourdecision-making.,,可知，作者认为事

实和观点不应该相互对立，因为它们都可以在我们的决策中发挥必要的作用。故选B。

本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。

四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Scienceshowsthatthereisarightwaytobuildhabitsthatlast.Herearesome

tipstomakeexerciseoneofthem.

Startsmall

Agoalofexercisingfor30minutesaday,5timesaweekmaysoundgood.But

howlikelyareyoutofollowthrough?Thebiggeryourgoalis,themorelikelyyou

aretofailandgiveup.It,sbettertostartwitheasyexercisegoalsyouknow

youcanachievebecauseyou,11buildself-confidencewhenyoumeetthem.Thenyou

canmoveontobiggergoals.

Usetriggers

Triggersaresimplyreminders-activities,places,orobjects-thatkick

ofanautomatic（自动的）reaction.Theyhelpyoustartexercisingwithoutthinking

ormakingdecisions.Forexample,thealarmclockgoesoffandyou,reoutofthe

doorforyourwalk.Youspotyoursportsshoesrightbythebedandyou,reupand

running.Findwaystobuildtriggersintoyourdaytomakeexerciseano-brainer.

Reward（奖励）yourself

Peoplewhooftenexercisetendtodosobecauseoftherewardsitbringstotheir

lives,suchasmoreenergy,bettersleepandagreatersenseofhappiness.However,

thesecanbelong-termrewards.Whenyou,restartinganexerciseprogram,it,s

importanttogiveyourselfimmediaterewardsifyousuccessfullycompleteaworkout.

Choosesomethingyoulookforwardto,butdon,tallowyourselftodoituntilafter

exercise.Itcanbesomethingassimpleashavingahotbathorafavoritecupof

coffee.

Chooseexercisethatmakesyoufeelhappyandconfident

Ifyourworkoutisunpleasantormakesyoufeelbadorunhappy,you,reunlikely

tostickwithit.Don,tchooseexerciselikerunningorliftingweightsatthegym

justbecauseyouthinktha