2024届云南省高三下学期3+3+3高考备考诊断性联考（二）英语试题

2024届“3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考卷（二）英语注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分120分，考试用时100分钟。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABesidesgettingoutintonatureyourself,thenextbestthingistotakeitallinthroughthepagesofabook.Butwheretostart?Checkoutournaturalhistorybookrecommendations.LivingasaNaturalistByLiuHuajie,ChinaHaveyoueverwantedtogetdowntothelevelofplantsandseetheworldthroughtheir“eyes”?LivingasaNaturalistinvitesyouintothisworld.Thisbookmakesnaturalhistoryaccessibleandattractive.ItinterpretsancientChineseeducationalandphilosophicalideasofknowingaboutnaturefromanaturalhistoryperspective.ItalsointroduceskeyfiguresintheWest’sapproachtothesubject.Thisisalldonewithahumorousandengagingwritingstylewhilefeaturingbeautifulimagesofplantsandanimals.MyFirstSummerintheSierraByJohnMuir,US/UKInthesummerof1869,JohnMuir,a31-year-oldScottishimmigrant,joinedagroupofshepherdsinthefoothillsofCalifornia’sSierraNevadamountainrangeforanadventurethatprovedlife-changingforhim.Duringthosefourmonths,hekeptadiarywhilefollowingaflockofsheep,paintingagloriouspictureofidyllicforestsandmajesticmountainpeaks.ThisdiarywastitledMyFirstSummerintheSierra,whichinspiredthousandsofAmericanstovisitthearea.Itlaterbecamethewell-knownYosemiteNationalPark.ThePeregrineByJ.A.Baker,UKIn1965,JohnA．Bakergaveuphisworkandlivedonhisearnings,devotingallhistimetoobservingtheperegrinefalcon（游隼）.Fromautumntospring,BakertrackedthecomingsandgoingsofapairofperegrinefalconsineasternEnglandbybicycleandonfoot,documentingtheirlivesandtheenvironmenttheylivein.Likethebirditself,Bakerhasakeeneyefordetail.Thebird’smostexcitingmoments,likefastflyingandhuntingprey,arebroughttolifebyBaker.Inhiseyes,themostimportantaspectsofnaturalhistoryanditsdocumentationarepatience,passionandobservation.1．WhatisincludedinLivingasaNaturalist?A．Storiesaboutshepherds. B．Drawingsofwesternfigures.C．Picturesofcreatures. D．Theoriesaboutnaturalscience.2．WhatdoesMyFirstSummerintheSierraleadto?A．Immigrants’pursuitofanindependentlife. B．Thepopularityofnaturalhistorybooks.C．John’sdedicationtoanimalprotection. D．People’saffectionfortheregion.3．WhatmakesThePeregrineasuccess?A．Greatpatienceandsubtleobservation.B．Thehumorousandengagingwritingstyle.C．Theconceptof“wilderness”rootedinBaker’sheart.D．Practicalexamplesoflivingharmoniouslywiththebird.BFromsweepinglandscapestoamazingbuildings,Taiwanisanislandthatmanytouristsvisitfrequently.That’swhyitcanseemoddthatoneofitsmostfamouslandmarksistwohumblemailboxes.LocatedintheZhongshanDistrictinthecityofTaipei,theseuniquemailboxeshavecaughtthepublic’simaginationthankstotheirappearance.Unlikemostmailboxes,thesetwoareseverelybent.Duetoitslocation,Taiwantendstobestruckbytyphoons,asitisusuallyhitbythreeorfourwindstormsayear.In2015,aparticularlybadoneknownasTyphoonSoudelorstrucktheisland.Duringthestorm,abillboardgotlooseduetotheheavywindsandhitthemailboxes.Whileitbenttheirposts,itdidn’ttearthemdown.Afterthestormwasover,peoplecameacrossthenewlyleaningmailboxesandfellinlovewiththem.Notonlydidtheylookadorable,buttheywerealsoasymbolofresilience（坚韧）andsurvival.Socialmediaquicklycaughtwindofthesenewlandmarksandpeoplebeganvisitingthem.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheystartedstagingfunphotoswiththenewlandmarks,usingforcedperspective—similartothewaytouristsposeinItalywiththeLeaningTowerofPisa.Thisledauthoritiestoacceptthesymbolismofthemailboxeswillingly,andinsteadofrepairingthem,theyaddedaboardtellingtheirstoryinChinese,English,andJapanese.Theboardreads:“OnAugust8th,2015,TyphoonSoudelorstruckTaiwan.Wewerehitintheheadsbyasignboardasaresultandcouldn’thelpbutleanoverfromthepain.Itwassopainfulinfact—wecan’tstandupstraightanymore.Butwepersevered:wedidn’tfalloverafterall.Wehavetotakelifeasitcomesandinaway,Ithinkwelookmoreartsyandsophisticatedthisway!Doweinspireyou?Takeapicturewithustoremindyourselvesthatweareallsurvivorsandcanperseverenomatterwhat.”ThebestpartofthisTaipeiattractionisthatthemailboxesarestilloperational.Thelettersintheboxesareevenmarkedwithaspecialstampthatshowsthefamousmailboxes.4．Whyarethemailboxesbent?A．Theywerestruckbyabillboard.B．Theyweresqueezedbyahugestone.C．Theywereblownoverbythestrongwind.D．Theywereremodeledonpurposebytheirdesigner.5．Whydidn’tthegovernmentrepairthemailboxes?A．Theyweredifficulttofix. B．Theyhadbecomeverycommercialized.C．Theyweregainingpopularityamongtourists. D．TheywereacomforttotheTyphoonsufferers.6．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph4probablymean?A．Havingexperiencedalot. B．Withdelicatedecorations.C．Offirst-classquality. D．Beingwindproof.7．Howdothemailboxesinspirepeople?A．Theypresentveryhighartisticvalue.B．Theyindicatefocusonbeautyappreciation.C．Theywarnpeopleofdamagingeffectsoftyphoons.D．Theysymbolizegreatcourageinthefaceofadversity.CBrazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoundothedamagecausedbythecuttingdownoftreesandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.AmazonianDarkEarth（ADE）isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.ADEisakindofcompost（soilmadefromdeadplantsandanimals）.Variouskindsofcompostaresoldingardeningcentersaroundtheworld,butADEisunique.ItwascreatedbyindigenouspeoplefromtheAmazonbetween2,000and2,500yearsago.TheAmazonianpeople,todayknownasAmerindians,createdADEusingcharcoalfromfires,animalbones,foodwasteandpoo.Itcontainsmicrobes（微生物）thathelptoturnchemicalsinthesoilintousefulnutrientsthatfeedplantsandtrees.VastareasoftheAmazonhavebeencutdown,mostlytomakewayforgrasslandforraisingcattle.Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofwhichareuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide.ToseeiftheAmazon’sspecialsoilcouldhelp,thescientistsgrewgrassesandtreesinADE,regularearthandamixtureofboth.TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.ADEtakeshundredsofyearstocreate,sothescientistscan’tsimplymakemore.Teammember,DrSiuMuiTsai,saidthatinsteadtheywanttotryand“copyitscharacteristics”,especiallyitshelpfulmicrobes,andseeifitcouldhelptorestorenaturalhabitats.8．WhatmakesADEvaluable?A．Itshistoryofthousandsofyears. B．Itspotentialtoenhancereforestation.C．Itsmedicalpropertiesforplantsandanimals. D．ItsbeingdiscoveredbytheAmazonianpeople.9．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thenecessityofrestoringforests.B．Theserioussituationofendangeredanimals.C．ThepositiveeffectsofADEonforestecosystems.D．Theadaptationofgrasslandstothechangingclimate.10．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．AnalternativeisboundtoreplaceADE.B．Soilwithsimilarfeaturesisindevelopment.C．ADEworksbetterwhenmixedwithregularsoil.D．ADEhasbeenprovedeffectiveingrowingtrees.11．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Abiologytextbook. B．Anarcheologyjournal.C．Asciencemagazine. D．Aliterarycollection.DInthemorethan6,000yearsoflivingincities,humanshavealwayshadtofindsolutionstoproblemsconcerninghowtheyliveandwork,suchassanitation,transportation,crimeandenvironmentalprotection.Today,usingcutting-edgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.Wearenowintheeraofbeing“smart”.AccordingtotheEuropeanCommission,asmartcityis“aplacewheretraditionalnetworksandservicesaremademoreefficientwiththeuseofdigitalsolutionsforthebenefitofitsinhabitantsandbusinesses”.Itmeanssmarterurbantransportnetworks,upgradedwatersuppliesandwastedisposalfacilitiesandmoreefficientwaystolightandheatbuildings.Italsomeansamoreinteractiveandresponsivecityadministration,saferpublicspacesandmeetingtheneedsofanagingpopulation.Theoriginoftheconceptofsmartcitiescanbetracedbacktothe1960sand1970s,whentheUSCommunityAnalysisBureaubeganusingdatabases,aerialphotographyandotherdigitalmethodstocollectdataanddoanalysissothatthecitiescoulddirectservices,relievetheinfluenceofdisastersandreducepoverty.Smartcitiesrelyheavilyonautomation,connectivitytotheInternet,andtheInternetofthings（IoT）.AccordingtoTWI,aglobalorganizationdedicatedtotechnologyengineering,asmartcityoperatesaccordingtofourbasicsteps:collection,analysis,communication,andaction.Inthisapproach,asetofsmartsensorswillcollectreal-timedataaboutpeopleandinfrastructure.Afterthedatacollectedisanalyzed,theresultwillbecommunicatedtothedecision-makers,whowilltakeactiontoimprovethequalityofcitylifeforitsresidents.Smartcitytechnologieshavealreadybeenappliedinsomecountriesandcitiesaroundtheworld.Singapore,forexample,hasintroducedawiderangeofsmarttechnologiesinbothitspublicandprivatesectorssincelaunchingitsSmartNationinitiativein2014.Tohelpwiththeagingpopulation,itintroducedadigitalhealthsystemallowingvideoconsultationsaswellaswearabledevicestomonitorpatients.12．Whatisthemainfeatureofasmartcity?A．Itcanmeettheneedsoftheelderly. B．Itisfullyevolvedandmulti-functional.C．Ithighlydependsonmoderntechnologies. D．Itisaplacewhereonecanliveacarefreelife.13．WhatmayTWIagreewith?A．Decision-makersaresupposedtoanalyzethereal-timedata.B．Jointeffortsarerequiredtoensuretheoperationofasmartcity.C．Thequalityofcitylifehasimprovedduetothegovernmentinitiative.D．Problemsstillexistinthesmartcitydespitegreatconvenienceitbrings.14．WhyisSingaporementionedinthelastparagraph?A．Topraiseitscontributiontotheworld.B．Toshowitsadvantageoverothercountries.C．Togainwidespreadsupportforasmartcity.D．Toillustratetheapplicationofsmartcitytechnologies.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．SmartCity:ABriefHistory B．SmartCity:LivetheSmartWayC．SmartCity:SayGoodbyetothePast D．SmartCity:BothChancesandChallenges第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheMaasaipeoplearethemosteasilyidentifiableinKenyawiththeirverycolorfulclothingandornamentsonthebody.Theyliveanomadiclife,raisingandhuntinganimalsnearsomeofKenya’smostvisitedwildlifeparks.16ItisatraditionforayoungMaasaiman,calledamoranintheMaasailanguage,tokillalionalonewithaspeartoshowthatheisaman.Withthekill,amoranwouldbeabletowina“lionname”andadmirationamongyoungwomen.17Instead,theyoungMaasaiwilltakepartinajavelin（标枪）throwingcompetitionataneventcalledtheMaasaiOlympics.MingatiSamanya,attheageof69,isoneoftheMaasaielders.Duringhisyouth,Samanyakilledtwolionstoshowhewasaman.18SamanyaisnowamongtheelderswhoaretryingtopushtheyoungMaasaitodosomethingdifferenttoprovethemselves,whichincludesparticipatinginjavelinthrowing,jumpingandotheractivitiesinthecommunityOlympics.19Inthepast,theykilledlionsanddidn’tgetanybenefitfromit.Rightnow,whenthemoransthrowajavelin,runorjump,theygetnotjustmedals,butalsosomemoney.20ThankstotheMaasaiOlympicsanditsappealingpracticeinparticular,thelionpopulationinpartsoftheKimanaSanctuary（保护区）nearMountKilimanjarohasincreased10timesoverthelast20years.A．Itcanhelpprovidefortheirfamilies.B．Quiteoftenwomenalsojoinintheevents.C．Thatishowhehadthe“lionname”Mingati.D．HerecomeshowtheyprotecttherightsoftheMaasai.E．ButtheMaasaiseemtobeendingthetradition.F．However,theirhuntinghasoftenbeentakenasathreattothelions.G．OnaSaturday,themoransnearKimanawillcompeteforrewards.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。At59,DoctorXiaoJiulinstandsonly90centimeterstall.Heisthe21ofachildhooddiseasethatseverelyinfluenceshisbone22.Astheonlydoctorattheclinic,he23allthework.However,nothingseemstoo24forXiao.Yetitwasalmostimpossibleto25hisdreamofbecomingadoctor.Hisparentscouldn’taffordhis26beyondhighschool,andhedesperatelyneededto27himself.Helearnedpalm-reading,always28tostudymedicineandsavelives,though.His29paidoff.Hegotthechancetoapprenticeataclinic30fortwoyearsandstudiedatalocalmedicalschoolforanotherthreeyears.Hethenreturnedtohishomevillagetobeadoctor.Nopatientcametohis31atfirst.Thevillagers,whowere32ofhiscompetence,wouldrathergototheneighboringvillagesfor33.“Irefusedtobe34,knowingIneededtoimprovemyselfto35theirtrust,”saidXiao.Hereadmedicalbookswheneverhehadtime.Todaytheclinichasprovidedprimarycareforatleast2,000villagers,butasXiao’sreputationgrows,morepatientsfromneighboringareascometoconsulthim.21．A．patient B．victim C．specialist D．subject22．A．development B．transformation C．flexibility D．firmness23．A．assigns B．supervises C．organizes D．undertakes24．A．achievable B．tough C．desirable D．risky25．A．giveup B．holdback C．stickto D．makeup26．A．training B．practice C．equipment D．education27．A．motivate B．accept C．challenge D．support28．A．proceeding B．ceasing C．desiring D．hesitating29．A．assessment B．perseverance C．attachment D．tolerance30．A．permanently B．accidentally C．eventually D．barely31．A．clinic B．studio C．hospital D．laboratory32．A．unconvinced B．ignorant C．unconscious D．envious33．A．recovery B．consultation C．operation D．confirmation34．A．cross B．overwhelmed C．dependent D．frustrated35．A．earn B．maintain C．enhance D．restore第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheannualYuyuanGardenlanternshowinShanghai,whichis36（original）fromtheHanDynasty,hasbeenlistedasoneofChina’sformsofintangibleculturalheritage.Itisoneofthecountry’soldestlanternfairs,37localsgotoenjoythefestiveatmosphereandwisheachotherwell.Now,thebelovedYuyuanGardenlanternshow38（take）placeoutsideofChinafortheveryfirsttime,3960large-sizedstructuresandmorethan2,000lanternslightingtheoldestamusementparkinParis.Fromdragon-shapedlanternstopatterns40（inspire）bythelegendaryworldof“TheClassicofMountainsandSeas”,aChineseliteraryclassic,theYuyuanGardenlanternshowinParishasbuiltaworldoflightsandimaginationforvisitors,showcasingthecharmoftraditionalChineseculture.Highlightingvariousculturaland41（spirit）symbols,thelanterndisplaysincludemythicalcreaturessuchasKunpengandYinglong,42（represent）ambitionandstrength.Beyondthelanterns,visitorscanalsoadmiretraditionalChinesecostumesand43（accessory）,andenjoyChinesecuisine.Withamixtureofdancing,acrobatics（杂技）44martialartsperformances,thelanternshowpromisestobe45immersiveexperienceintheworldofChinesefolkloreandlanterns.Morethanjustalanternshow,italsoservesasanopeningactivitytocelebratethe60thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenChinaandFrancein1964.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，上周你校举办了科技节。请给你的笔友Kevin写一封邮件介绍相关情况。内容包括：1．活动介绍；2．对你的影响。注意：1．写作词数应为80词左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearKevin,Howisitgoing?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Howaboutyourschoollife?Anticipatingyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asajournalist,Ihavehadthechancetomeetsomeremarkablepeopleindifferentfields,butnoonehasimpressedmemorethanAustinRiley.AustinRileyisaracecardriver.Hehasbeenattractingcrowdstotheracetrackforyears.Buthisclaimtofameisn’tjustbeingfastonthespeedway.Heisovercomingdifficultiesonthetrackforthosewithdisabilities.Rileyhasautism（自闭症）.Simpletasksliketyinghisshoesareextremelycomplicatedforhim,butwhenputinaracecar—acomplex,delicatepieceofmachine—hewilltakeyoubysurprise.IfirstmetRileyandhisfatherJasonin2014,inUxbridge,Ontario,atthelocalgo-carttrack.IstillrememberhowexcitedRileywastohavemeandmycameramantherefilminghiseverymove.Hewasago-cartracerthen.Hecouldbarelytalktome,letalonelookatme.Nomatterhowquietandshyhewas,Iknewthiskidwasgoingtobesomethingbig.Thego-carttrackiswhereRiley’sracingcareerbegan.Hisdad,Jason,justwantedtogivehimsomethingtofocushisenergyon.Rileyhasalwayslovedcars.Hehasbeencrazyaboutthemsincehewasaveryyoungchild.Healsolovesspeed.Theminutehehitthegas,hismindbegantomovefastandeverythingfeltinsync（同步）.Riley’sjourneyonthetracksoontookhimfromfastgo-cartstoreallyfastcars.HebecamethefirstpersonwithautisminCanadatogethisracecarlicence.ItopenedupthetrackforRileytodriveinthebigleagues—theRadicalMotorsportscircuit.RileyisnowracingacrossNorthAmerica,puttinghimonthepodium（领奖台）almosteverytime.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。However,behindeverysuccessforRileyandhisfamilyisastoryofhardship.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Rileyhasalsomadeadifferenceoffthetrack._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024届“3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考卷（二）英语参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）1～5CDAAC 6～10ADBAD 11～15CCBDB第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）16～20FECGA第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21～25BADBC 26～30DDCBC 31～35AABDA第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）36．originally37．where38．istaking/takes39．with40．inspired41．spiritual42．representing43．accessories44．and45．an第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）【参考范文】DearKevin,Howisitgoing?Ican’tholdbackmythrilltosharewithyousomethingabouttheScienceFestivalheldlastweekinourschool,whosepurposewastocultivatestudents’interestinscienceandpromotetheirinnovativethinking.Thefestival,consistingofaseriesofactivities,fascinatedbothstudentsandteachers.TheexhibitionofAImodelssuchasChatGPTandSorablewourminds,whilethelectureaboutthevariouscareeropportunitiesthatsciencecanopenupforuswasreallyinspiring.Weevengottoexperiencethehands-onactivitiesourselves.NowI’mdeterminedtopursueacareerinscienceandbetterservehumanitywithit.Howaboutyourschoollife?Anticipatingyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）【参考范文】However,behindeverysuccessforRileyandhisfamilyisastoryofhardship.Ontheonehand,Rileyhadtoacceptrehealthytraining.Heimprovedhisinterpersonalskillsanddevelopedapositiveandoptimisticattitude.Ontheotherhand,heworkedhardtolearnthetheoryofracing,underwentintensivetrainingandboostedracingskillsthroughfrequentcompetitions.Hisparentssacrificedalottokeephimracing.Itwasexpensive.Aweekendtournamentcouldcosttensofthousandsofdollars,notincludingtravel,foodandhotels.Theirfundcamefromsomesponsors,donations,commercialsalesandpodiumwins.Rileyhasalsomadeadifferenceoffthetrack.Helaunchedaneducationcampaignnamed“RacingwithAutism”.Hehostedhundredsofpresentations,tellingkids,teachersandparentsabouthisstory.FamilieswithchildrenwithautismfeltifRileycoulddowhathewasdoing,theirkidswouldhaveachancetoo.Rileyoftentellsmehewantstochangetheworld.“IfeelveryhappyandproudofwhatI’mdoing…Because,yes,I’maracerandyes,Iloveracing,butI’mdoingittochangetheworld,”hesays,“Myheartischangingtheworld.”【解析】第一部分阅读第一节A主题语境：人与自然——博物类书籍【语篇导读】本文是应用文。介绍了有关自然历史的三本经典书籍。1．C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“...whilefeaturingbeautifulimagesofplantsandanimals.”可知，该书的一大特色是含有漂亮的动植物图片，故选C。2．D细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“ThisdiarywastitledMyFirstSummerintheSierra,whichinspiredthousandsofAmericanstovisitthearea.”可知，该书激发了人们对此地的热爱之情，故选D。3．A细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Inhiseyes,themostimportantaspectsofnaturalhistoryanditsdocumentationarepatience,passionandobservation.”可知，在Baker眼里，自然历史及其文献最重要的方面是耐心、热情以及观察。由此可见，他作品的成功得益于他极大的耐心和敏锐的洞察力，故选A。B主题语境：人与社会——台北邮箱【语篇导读】本文是说明文。介绍了台北中山区的两个邮箱在台风期间被广告牌砸中，发生严重弯曲却依然不倒，因其可爱的外形和独特的象征意义而受到游客的喜爱。4．A细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句“Duringthestorm,abillboardgotlooseduetotheheavywindsandhitthemailboxes.Whileitbenttheirposts,itdidn’ttearthemdown.”可知，在风暴期间，一块广告牌因强风而松动，砸到了邮箱，使其弯曲，故选A。5．C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Socialmediaquicklycaughtwindofthesenewlandmarksandpeoplebeganvisitingthem.”和第三句“Thisledauthoritiestoacceptthesymbolismofthemailboxeswillingly,andinsteadofrepairingthem...”可知，社交媒体很快就听到了这些新地标的风声，人们开始参观它们，这让当局心甘情愿地接受了邮箱的象征意义，所以并没有修理他们，故选C。6．A词义猜测题。根据第四段第三、四、五句“Itwassopainfulinfact—wecan’tstandupstraightanymore.Butwepersevered:wedidn’tfalloverafterall.Wehavetotakelifeasitcomesandinaway,Ithinkwelookmoreartsyandsophisticatedthisway!”可知，邮箱被广告牌砸中，痛得忍不住俯下身来，但还是坚持了下来，终究没有倒下，他们随遇而安，在某种意义上，没有被修复过的邮箱看起来更有艺术感，更有故事感，故选A。7．D推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Doweinspireyou?Takeapicturewithustoremindyourselvesthatweareallsurvivorsandcanperseverenomatterwhat.”可知，邮箱在风暴中坚持了下来，象征着面对逆境的巨大勇气，故选D。C主题语境：人与自然——亚马逊黑土【语篇导读】本文是说明文。介绍了在亚马逊雨林深处发现的一种黑土（ADE）可以帮助恢复世界各地的森林。8．B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“AmazonianDarkEarth（ADE）isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.”可知，亚马逊黑土的价值在于它可以帮助恢复世界各地的森林，故选B。9．A段落大意题。通读第三段可知，亚马逊大片森林被砍伐，变成了草原。科学家们正在寻找一种方法，让草原重新变成雨林，恢复森林生态系统。这些生态系统支持着成千上万的动植物物种，其中许多是该地区特有的。森林还能吸收大量的二氧化碳。由此可见，本段主要介绍了退耕还林的必要性，故选A。10．D推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.”可知，生长在亚马逊黑土中的树木比生长在普通土壤中的树木高六倍，说明亚马逊黑土在促进树木生长方面非常有效，故选D。11．C文章出处题。全文介绍了亚马逊黑土可以帮助恢复世界各地的森林，很可能出自一本科学杂志，故选C。D主题语境：人与社会——智慧城市【语篇导读】本文是说明文。介绍了智慧城市的定义、起源、特点以及应用。12．C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Today,usingcutting-edgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.”以及第四段第一句“Smartcitiesrelyheavilyonautomation,connectivitytotheInternet,andtheInternetofthings（IoT）.”可知，智慧城市利用尖端技术解决生活中的诸多问题，且在很大程度上依赖于自动化、互联网连接以及物联网。由此可见，智慧城市高度依赖现代技术，故选C。13．B推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，根据TWI的说法，智慧城市的运行遵循四个基本步骤：收集、分析、沟通和行动。在这种方法中，一组智能传感器将收集有关居民和基础设施的实时数据。在对收集到的数据进行分析后，结果将传达给决策者，决策者将采取行动改善其居民的城市生活质量。由此可见，智慧城市的正常运行需要多方的共同努力，故选B。14．D细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Smartcitytechnologieshavealreadybeenappliedinsomecountriesandcitiesaroundtheworld.”可知，智慧城市技术已经在世界上一些国家和城市得以应用。后面提到新加坡，是为了进行例证，故选D。15．B最佳标题。本文介绍了智慧城市的定义、起源、特点以及应用。B项中的LivetheSmartWay一语双关，体现出智能科技下的智慧生活，具有很强的概括性，故选B。第二节主题语境：人与社会——部落传统的变革【语篇导读】本文是说明文。“独自用长矛杀死一头狮子”是肯尼亚马赛部落男性成人的象征。现在，这一传统正在改变。16．F考查文章段间的呼应关系。本段介绍了肯尼亚马赛人的生活方式，本句“他们的狩猎经常被认为是对狮子的威胁”与最后一段的最后一句“由于马赛奥运会及其吸引人的做法，乞力马扎罗山附近Kimana保护区的部分地区的狮子数量在过去20年里增加了10倍”，形成照应，故选F。17．E考查句间转折和对比关系。本句“但马赛人似乎正在结束这一传统”与前一句“通过猎杀狮子，一个年轻的马赛男性将能够获得一个‘狮子的名字’和年轻女性的钦佩”形成转折关系；与后一句“相反，年轻的马赛人将参加一场被称为马赛奥运会的标枪比赛”形成对比关系，句中的“but”、“instead”是提示，故选E。18．C考查段间因果关系。第二段第一、二句介绍了马赛部落男性成人的传统“独自用长矛杀死一头狮子”，还可获得“狮子的名字”和年轻女性的钦佩；本段第一、二句介绍了现年69岁的马赛长老MingatiSamanya在年轻时杀死了两只狮子，与“他拥有‘狮子名’Mingati”为因果关系，故选C。19．G考查段落主题句。本段介绍了马赛奥运会的奖励方式及其效果，reward与文中的benefit、medal、money对应，故选G。20．A考查句间解释关系。前句介绍了马赛奥运会的奖励不