安徽省阜阳市2023-2024学年度高三下学期开学教学质量统测英语试卷

阜阳市2023—2024学年度高三教学质量统测试卷英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Deliveringamessage.B.Makinganappointment.C.Sendinganinvitation.2.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inahotel.B.Inastore.C.Inarestaurant.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Takeviolinlessons.B.Bookatrainticket.,C.Findacafé.4.Whenwillthemoviebereleased?A.OnJuly18th.B.OnAugust18th.C.OnSeptember18th.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anartist.B.Agallery.C.Aninvention.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Awriter.B.Asinger.C.Apainter.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Proud.B.Nervous.C.Grateful.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Oldschoolmates.C.Distantrelatives.9.Whatdoesthewomanlooklikenow?A.Shehasshorthair.B.Shelooksveryslim.C.Shewearsframedglasses.10.Wheredoesthemanprobablyworknow?AInabookstore.B.Inasportswearfactory.C.Inatechnologypany.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.Howmuchdidthemanpayforthetourpackage?A.$2,999.B.$2,699.C.$2,599.12.Wherewillthemanstayovernightduringthetrip?A.Inasmallcottage.B.Inathreestarhotel.C.Inafivestarhotel.13.Whatwillthemandoontheeveningoftheonedaycitysightseeing?A.Visitabeachclub.B.GotoDubaiMall.C.SeeDubai’stallesttower.14.Whatwillthewomanprobablydofirst?A.SearchtheInternet.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Makeacall.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodoatfirst?A.Goskiing.B.Watchamovie.C.Doanexperiment.16.WhatisJennyinterestedin?A.Takingpictures.B.Designingprettydresses.C.Learningaboutancientthings.17.WhatcanchildrendointheCityMuseumthesedays?A.Drawelephants.B.Attendanexhibition.C.Watchsomegreatinventions.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthespeakerliketophotographmostwhenhewaslittle?A.Trees.B.Birds.C.People.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofworkingforthenationalnewspaper?A.Itwasboring.B.Itwasrelaxing.C.Itwasinteresting.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthepeoplehephotographsnow?A.They’rehappytobephotographed.B.They’refromallwalksoflife.C.They’reoftendemanding.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANLBMobileapp—alibraryinyourpocketTheNationalLibraryBoard(NLB)Mobileappisyourpersonallibrary,anywhere.anytime.Bysigningin,youwillbeabletoenjoythefullsuiteofservicesavailabletolibrarymemberssuchasborrowingitemsandreadingemagazinesandenewspapers.Butevenifyoudon’tsignin,youcanstill:●Searchthelibrarycatalogue(目录)andsharethetitle●Locatenearbylibrariesbasedonyourcurrentlocation●ViewhighlightsoflibraryhappeningsWhatdoIneedtosignin?YouwillneedamyLibraryID.Ifyoudonothaveit,youmaycreateoneonlineorusingtheapp’sloginpage—taponthe+buttononthetoprightoftheapp’sscreen.WhatifIforgetmymyLibraryIDorpassword?Youcanretrieve(恢复)yourmyLibraryIDandpassword:●OnlinewithyourSingpassorNRIC/FINnumber.Onceyouhavesignedin,thesystemwillautomaticallydetectifyouhaveamyLibraryIDanddisplayit.Itwillalsoletyouresetyourpasswordifyouhaveforgottenit.●ViatheNLBMobileapp,withyourSingpassorNRIC/FINnumber.Taponthe+buttononthetoprightoftheapp’sscreen,thentapon“ForgotyourmyLibraryIDorpassword”.WhenItrytologin,theappsays“Profilealreadyexists”.WhatdoIdo?Wearesorrythatyouareencounteringthisproblem!Herearethesteps.●Gotoyourphone’sSettingsmenu.●Select“Apps”or“Applicationmanager”or“Applications”.●Tapon“NLBMobile”.●Tapon“Storage”.●Select“ClearData”.●Select“ClearCache”●Trysigninginagain.Itshouldworkthistime.Ifnot,pleasetakeascreenshotoftheerrormessageandemailittoenquiry@.sg.1.WhatcanusersdoviaNLBMobileappwithoutsigningin?AReadingemagazines.B.Borrowingenewspapers.C.Sharingthetitleoftheitemsinthelibrary.D.Previewingthebooksavailabletoborrow.2.Whichofthefollowingisnecessaryforuserstosignintheapp?A.Singpass. B.MyLibraryID.C.NRIC/FINnumber. D.ThephysicalNLBcard.3.Usersareadvisedtoemailenquiry@.sgwhenthey_______.A.decidetovoiceplaintsabouttheserviceB.haveanyquestionsabouttheNLBMobileappC.areunabletoclearNLBMobiledataonthephoneD.failtosolvethe“login”problemfollowingtheinstructions【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则新加坡国家图书馆移动应用程序（NLBMobileapp）的使用指南。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Butevenifyoudon’tsignin,youcanstill(但即使你不登录，你仍然可以)”下文“●Searchthelibrarycatalogueandsharethetitle(●搜索图书馆目录并共享标题)”可知，即使不登录，用户仍然可以搜索图书馆目录并分享标题。故选C项。2.细节理解题。根据WhatdoIneedtosignin?部分“YouwillneedamyLibraryID.Ifyoudonothaveit,youmaycreateoneonlineorusingtheapp’sloginpage—taponthe+buttononthetoprightoftheapp’sscreen.(你将需要一个myLibraryID。如果你没有，你可以在网上创建一个，或者使用应用程序的登录页面——点击应用程序屏幕右上角的+按钮)”可知，登录该应用程序需要myLibraryID，如果没有，就需要创建一个新的myLibraryID。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据WhenItrytologin,theappsays“Profilealreadyexists”.WhatdoIdo?部分“●Trysigninginagain.Itshouldworkthistime.Ifnot,pleasetakeascreenshotoftheerrormessageandemailittoenquiry@nlb.gov.sg.(尝试再次登录。这次应该可以了。如果没有，请截取错误信息的截图，并将其发送到enquiry@.sg.)”可知，截取错误消息的屏幕截图发送到该邮箱是为了解决按照指南操作后仍无法登录的问题。故选D项。BMymotherandIdon’tspeakthesamelanguage.HerEnglishisnotgood,andmyMandarinstoppedatthepicturebooklevelonthedayIstartedkindergarteninCalifornia,asIrealizedthatthefewEnglishwordsIknewweren’tgoingtogetmeveryfar.Iimmersed(沉浸)myselfinstrangegrammarandnewvocabulary.Asmymothertonguewithered(逐渐淡去)inmymind,EnglishallowedmetoexplainmypersonhoodhereandsilencethenarrativethatIwasjustashy,oddAsian.Mywishtowrite,however,mademeunintelligibletomymother.Shecouldn’tunderstandwhyI’dspoilotherbetterchances.I’dtriedtomunicatewithherinChinese,searchingmymindforsentences:HowcouldIdescribemygratitudeforapathtoselffulfillmentwhenallIcouldsaywas“kaixin”or“happy”?Withoutthewordstobridgethegapbetweenourworldviews,ourdissatisfactionandworryturnedintostubbornness.Ilandedadayjobeditingadesignmagazinebutworkedonmynovelinmyoffhours.Asitsmaincharacters,MarissaandKathleen’smotherdaughterrelationshipwassimilartomyown,troubledandsplitbyculturaldifferences—thoughalwaysrevivedbylove.ButthebookisinEnglish,somymomwon’tbeabletoreadit.Writingthebookgavemeareasontominefordetailsaboutmyfamily.I’dspentsomuchofmyadolescenceshedding(摆脱)mybackgroundthatwhenIreachedadulthood,Ibecameinterestedinourhistory.Istartedaskingquestions,hopingtofindanewunderstandingofus.Heranswersweremixedwithjoyfulmemories,likethepleasantsmelloftheflowersmymotherwouldpintoherblouse,orthehubbub(喧闹)ofvisitinghercousinsinthecountryside.Asherworldbecameclearertome,Icameclosertoknowingwhosheis.WhenIshowedmymotheracopy,shenoticedherChinesenameintheacknowledgmentsandsaidinMandarinwithashakingvoice,“NowIknowyoutrulyloveme.”Iwishithadn’ttakenthislongtofindawaytotellher.Shemaynotunderstanditwordforword,butIknowshegetsthemessage.4.WhydidtheauthorstarttolearnEnglish?A.Shehopedtoreadpicturebooksinkindergarten.B.Shewaseagertointroduceherselftomorepeople.C.Sherealizeditsimportancetoherlifeinthecountry.D.Shefoundthelanguagestrangebutfairlyeasytolearn.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unintelligible”inparagraph2mean?A.Sensitive. B.Sympathetic.C.Grateful. D.Inprehensible.6.Whatmotivatedtheauthortodigintoherfamilyhistory?A.Herinterestinherownchildhood.B.Hercuriosityaboutothercultures.C.Herdesiretoknowhermotherbetter.D.Herneedforinspirationforhernovel.7.Howdidtheauthor’smotherreacttotheacknowledgmentsofthebook?A.Shewassurprisedbyit.B.Shewasdeeplymovedandfeltloved.C.Shewasdisappointedthatshecouldn’treadthebook.D.Shewasgratefulfortheauthor’seffortstounderstandher.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。作者与母亲之间因为语言问题而无法完全理解对方。作者酷爱写作，通过写小说，她挖掘家族历史，重新认识了母亲，也加深了彼此之间的理解。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“HerEnglishisnotgood,andmyMandarinstoppedatthepicturebooklevelonthedayIstartedkindergarteninCalifornia,asIrealizedthatthefewEnglishwordsIknewweren’tgoingtogetmeveryfar.（她的英语不好，而我的普通话在我开始在加州上幼儿园的那天就停留在了绘本的水平上，因为我意识到我知道的几个英语单词并不能让我走得很远。）”可知，因为作者意识到自己所知道的几个英语单词是无法支撑她前行的，即作者意识到了想要在这个国家生活，就得会英语。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“Shecouldn’tunderstandwhyI’dspoilotherbetterchances.I’dtriedtomunicatewithherinChinese,searchingmymindforsentences:HowcouldIdescribemygratitudeforapathtoselffulfillmentwhenallIcouldsaywas“kaixin”or“happy”?Withoutthewordstobridgethegapbetweenourworldviews,ourdissatisfactionandworryturnedintostubbornness.（她不明白我为什么要破坏其他更好的机会。我试着用中文和她交流，在脑子里寻找句子:当我只能说“开心”或“快乐”时，我该如何表达我对一条自我实现之路的感激之情呢?没有语言来弥合我们世界观之间的差距，我们的不满和担忧变成了固执。）可知，母亲不明白作者为什么要浪费更好的机会。作者曾试图用中文与她沟通，该如何表达对这条道路的感激之情呢?由于无法找到弥合二人世界观差异的词语，她们的不满和担忧变成了执拗。由此可推知，母亲无法理解作者。画线词与D项“inprehensible”含义相近，表示“难以理解的，费解的”。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“Istartedaskingquestions,hopingtofindanewunderstandingofus.（我开始问问题，希望找到对我们的新理解。）”可知，作者挖掘家族的历史是为了更好地了解母亲。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“WhenIshowedmymotheracopy,shenoticedherChinesenameintheacknowledgmentsandsaidinMandarinwithashakingvoice,“NowIknowyoutrulyloveme.”（当我拿给母亲看时，她注意到了致谢中她的中文名字，用颤抖的声音用普通话说:“现在我知道你是真的爱我了。”）”可推断，母亲看到书中的致谢词时很感动，感受到了来自女儿的爱。故选B。CFromcampingtoFrisbee(飞盘游戏),China’surbanresidentsarealwaysonthelookoutforthenextoutdooractivityinfashion.Overthelastfewmonths,farmingvegetableshasbeethemostpopularoneasmoreandmorepeopleseektobreakawayfromurbanroutinesforashortbreakbackwithnature.pletelydifferentfromtraditionalfarming,thepiecesoflandaredividedintosmallerpartssotheycanberentedouttofamilieswithkids,theelderly,andwhitecollarresidents.Theyareusuallylocatedonthesuburbsofcities,andpromisepotentialtenants(租户)hoursofpeacefulgardeningandbeautifulscenery.Astheirown“landlords,”inexperiencedcityresidentsgettoexperiencethewholeprocess—fromsowingvegetableseedsandwateringthemtoeventuallyharvestingthefruitsoftheirlabor.ShanghairesidentTaiXinrenteda100squaremeterplotoflandonShanghai’ssuburbsthatcosts1,000yuanannually.Shesays,“Iinitiallythoughtmysevenyearoldsonwouldbeabletobetterunderstandcrops,planting,picking,andagriculturalscience.”Butherparents,whohavebeenhelpingwithbabysitting,arenowalsoengagedonthe“farm”.“We’repleasedtobehere,”sheadded.Taisaysshevisitstheplotofland,aroundtwokilometersawayfromherhome,onceinawhilebutonlyonweekends.Shespendsacoupleofhourswateringthecrops,removingweeds,andsometimesjustorganizingapicnicwithherfamily.Butlikeotheroutdooractivities,vegetablegardening,asanemergingtrend,isnotwithoutitsplications.Mostofthelandforsuchvegetablegardensareagriculturaltracts(大片土地)rentedfromthelocalgovernment,saysZhangLing,whooperatestheShanghaiShanxiFruit&VegetableCooperative.“Theregulatorwantstokeeptrackofthekindofvegetablesplantedaswellastheyieldtoguaranteethecity’sfoodsupply,”saysZhang.“It’sverydifficultforustotrackthatsinceourcustomersaremostlyamateurfarmersandtheycouldbeveryspontaneous(自发的)inwhattheywanttoplant.Afailuretomeettheregulatoryrequirements,however,mayleadtothelandrentalcontractbeingcanceled.”8.WhatisthelatesttrendamongurbanresidentsinChina?A.Campinginthewilderness.B.PlayingFrisbeeincityparks.C.Seekingadventurousurbanroutines.D.Engaginginoutdoorfarmingactivities.9.Whatdistinguishesthevegetablefarmingexperienceinurbanareasfromtraditionalfarming?A.Itiscarriedoutbyvarioustenantsonsmallerlands.B.Itinvolvesplantingcropsformercialpurposes.C.Itfocusesonlargescaleagriculturalmethods.D.Itisprimarilypromotedbylocalgardeners.10.HowdoesTaiXinviewthevegetablefarmingexperienceforherfamily?A.Shethinksit’salittleexpensive. B.Shefindsitquitetimeconsuming.C.Sheconsidersitagoodfamilyactivity. D.Shebelievesitaimsforhealtheducation.11.What’sZhangLing’sattitudetowardthefutureofvegetablegardeninginurbanareas?A.Concerned. B.Positive. C.Carefree. D.Unclear.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国的城市居民中，种植蔬菜成了一种新兴的户外活动。与传统农业不同，这一活动将土地划分为小块，租给城市居民。它为人们提供了与自然亲近的机会，但也需要遵循一些监管规定。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Overthelastfewmonths,farmingvegetableshasbeethemostpopularoneasmoreandmorepeopleseektobreakawayfromurbanroutinesforashortbreakbackwithnature.(在过去几个月里，随着越来越多的人试图摆脱城市的日常生活，与大自然短暂地相处，种菜已经成为最受欢迎的一种方式)”可知，参与户外农业活动是中国城市居民的最新趋势。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“pletelydifferentfromtraditionalfarming,thepiecesoflandaredividedintosmallerpartssotheycanberentedouttofamilieswithkids,theelderly,andwhitecollarresidents.(与传统农业完全不同，这些土地被分割成更小的部分，因此可以出租给有孩子、老人和白领家庭)”可知，城市地区的蔬菜种植体验是由不同的租户在较小的土地上进行的，这使它与传统的农业不同。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Shesays,“Iinitiallythoughtmysevenyearoldsonwouldbeabletobetterunderstandcrops,planting,picking,andagriculturalscience.”Butherparents,whohavebeenhelpingwithbabysitting,arenowalsoengagedonthe“farm”.“We’repleasedtobehere,”sheadded.(她说：“起初，我以为我七岁的儿子能通过这种方式更好地理解农作物、种植、采摘以及农业科学知识。”而现在帮忙照看孩子的祖父母也加入了这个“农场”的活动。“我们都很高兴能在这里参与其中，”她补充道)”可知，泰欣认为自家参与蔬菜种植的经历是一项很好的家庭活动。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Theregulatorwantstokeeptrackofthekindofvegetablesplantedaswellastheyieldtoguaranteethecity’sfoodsupply,”saysZhang.“It’sverydifficultforustotrackthatsinceourcustomersaremostlyamateurfarmersandtheycouldbeveryspontaneous( 自发的 )inwhattheywanttoplant.Afailuretomeettheregulatoryrequirements,however,mayleadtothelandrentalcontractbeingcanceled.”(张表示：“监管机构希望追踪种植的蔬菜种类及其产量，以保障城市的食品供应。但由于我们的客户大多是业余农民，他们在想种植什么作物方面可能会非常随性，这对我们来说很难进行跟踪管理。然而，如果不满足监管要求，可能会导致土地租赁合同被取消”)”可知，张玲对这一活动的未来感到担忧，故选A项。DHumanshavesailedtheoceans’surfacesforthousandsofyears,buttheirdepthsremaineffectivelyuncharted.Onlyaboutaquarteroftheseafloorhasbeenmappedathighresolution(清晰度).Mapsofmostregionsdisplayonlyestimateddepthsandoftenmissentireunderwatermountainsorcanyons(峡谷).Soagroupofresearchershaveturnedtosomedeepdivingexperts:ElephantSealsandWeddellSeals.ScientistshavebeenplacingtrackersontheseblubberymarinemammalsaroundAntarcticaforyears,gatheringdataonoceantemperatureandsalinity(盐度).Foranewstudy,theresearchersparedthesedives’locationanddepthdatawithsomeofthelessdetailedseafloormaps.Theyspottedplaceswherethesealsdovedeeperthanshouldhavebeenpossibleaccordingtothemaps.IneasternAntarctica’sVincennesBaythedivingsealshelpedthescientistsfindalarge,hiddenunderwatercanyonsuddenlydescending(下降)todepthsofmorethanamile.“Thesealsdiscoveredthecanyon,andtheshipconfirmedit,”saysCliveMcMahon,aresearcherattheIntegratedMarineObservingSysteminAustraliaandacoauthorofthenewstudy.Butsealscan’tmaptheentireoceanfloor.Thetrackersusedinthestudycouldpinpoint(为……准确定位)aseal’sgeographicallocationonlywithinabout1.5miles,whichallowsforusefulbutnotexactlyhighresolutiondata.Plus,becausethesealsdon’talwaysdivetothebottomoftheocean,theycanrevealonlywherethebottomisdeeperthaninexistingmaps—notshallower.McMahonnotesthatscientistscouldimproveonthesedatabyusingmorepreciseGPStrackersandanalyzingtheseals’divingpatternstodeterminewhethertheyhavereachedtheseafloororsimplystoppeddescending.Thecurrentsealdivedatacanstillbevaluableforanimportanttask,saysAnnaWåhlin,anoceanographerattheUniversityofGothenburginSweden.ThedeepoceanaroundAntarcticaiswarmerthantheextremelycoldwatersatthesurface,andseafloorcanyonscanallowthatwarmerwatertoflowtotheicealongthecontinent’scoast,Wåhlinexplains.TopredicthowAntarctica’sicewillmelt,scientistswillneedtoknowwherethosecanyonsareandhowdeeptheygo.12.What’stheinitialfunctionofthedevicecarriedbytheseals?A.Collectingdataaboutseawater.B.Filmingtheimagesoftheseafloor.C.Recordingtheseals’travellingroutes.D.Leadingresearcherstosomeremoteareas.13.Whatdoesthenewstudy’sdiscoveryprove?A.Itisimpossibletofullyuncoverthesecretsofthesea.B.Theexistingdepthestimatesfortheseaareinaccurate.C.Seals’abilitytodiveisworthfurtherscientificstudies.D.Itisurgentforscientiststomapdetailedseafloormaps.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thecreativemethodsadoptedinthestudy.B.Majortechnicalchallengesfacedbyscientists.C.Newresearchdirectionsinspiredbythestudy.D.Theshortingsoftheapproachestothestudy.15.WhichofthefollowingwillAnnaWåhlinmostprobablyagreewith?A.Thenewstudyispotentiallybeneficialtootherscientificfields.B.ThedeepwatersofAntarcticaarecolderthanthesurfacewaters.C.SeafloorcanyonsslowdownthespeedoficemeltinginAntarctica.D.Thesealdivepracticeisvaluableformappingtheentireoceanfloor.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家利用带有追踪器的海豹的潜水数据来进行海洋探测，了解海底山脉或峡谷的位置和深度。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Soagroupofresearchershaveturnedtosomedeepdivingexperts:ElephantSealsandWeddellSeals.ScientistshavebeenplacingtrackersontheseblubberymarinemammalsaroundAntarcticaforyears,gatheringdataonoceantemperatureandsalinity(盐度).(因此，一组研究人员求助于一些深潜专家：象海豹和威德尔海豹。多年来，科学家们一直在南极洲周围的这些海洋哺乳动物身上放置追踪器，收集海洋温度和盐度的数据。)”可知，科学家多年来一直在南极海域的海豹身上安装追踪器，以收集有关海洋温度和盐度的数据，即海豹携带的设备最初的功能收集有关海水的数据。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Foranewstudy,theresearchersparedthesedives’locationanddepthdatawithsomeofthelessdetailedseafloormaps.Theyspottedplaceswherethesealsdovedeeperthanshouldhavebeenpossibleaccordingtothemaps.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员将这些潜水的位置和深度数据与一些不太详细的海底地图进行了比较。他们发现了海豹潜得比地图上可能更深的地方。)”可知，在这项新研究中，研究人员将海豹潜水的位置和深度与一些粗略的海床地图进行了对比。他们发现了海豹能下潜到的比地图上所标注的深度更深的地方。由此可推知，目前人们对海洋深度的估算是不准确的。故选B项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Butsealscan’tmaptheentireoceanfloor.Thetrackersusedinthestudycouldpinpoint(为……准确定位)aseal’sgeographicallocationonlywithinabout1.5miles,whichallowsforusefulbutnotexactlyhighresolutiondata.Plus,becausethesealsdon’talwaysdivetothebottomoftheocean,theycanrevealonlywherethebottomisdeeperthaninexistingmaps—notshallower.McMahonnotesthatscientistscouldimproveonthesedatabyusingmorepreciseGPStrackersandanalyzingtheseals’divingpatternstodeterminewhethertheyhavereachedtheseafloororsimplystoppeddescending.(但海豹无法绘制整个海底的地图。研究中使用的追踪器可以精确定位一只海豹的地理位置，仅在1.5英里以内，这可以提供有用但不完全高分辨率的数据。另外，由于海豹并不总是潜入海底，它们只能显示海底比现有地图上更深的地方，而不是更浅的地方。麦克马洪指出，科学家可以通过使用更精确的GPS追踪器和分析海豹的潜水模式来改进这些数据，以确定它们是已经到达海底还是只是停止下降。)”可知，海豹无法提供整个海床的信息，研究中使用的追踪器只能在大约1.5英里的范围内准确定位海豹的地理位置，这些数据虽然有用，但精度不高。此外，由于海豹并不总是潜到海底，它们只能展示出比现有地图更深的海床位置，却无法揭示更浅的位置。由此可推知，本段主要介绍了利用海豹进行海洋探测的缺陷。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thecurrentsealdivedatacanstillbevaluableforanimportanttask,saysAnnaWåhlin,anoceanographerattheUniversityofGothenburginSweden.ThedeepoceanaroundAntarcticaiswarmerthantheextremelycoldwatersatthesurface,andseafloorcanyonscanallowthatwarmerwatertoflowtotheicealongthecontinent’scoast,Wåhlinexplains.TopredicthowAntarctica’sicewillmelt,scientistswillneedtoknowwherethosecanyonsareandhowdeeptheygo.(瑞典哥德堡大学的海洋学家Annawamathlin说，目前的海豹潜水数据对于一项重要任务仍然很有价值。Wåhlin解释说，南极洲周围的深海比表面极冷的海水要温暖，海底峡谷可以让温暖的海水沿着大陆海岸流向冰面。为了预测南极洲的冰将如何融化，科学家们需要知道这些峡谷的位置和深度。)”可知，在南极洲附近，知道海底峡谷的位置和深度可以帮助科学家预测南极洲的冰将如何融化，AnnaWahlin认为海豹潜水数据对此很有价值；由此可推知，AnnaWählin最可能赞同A选项“Thenewstudyispotentiallybeneficialtootherscientificfields.(这项新研究可能对其他科学领域有益)”的观点。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereisapeacefulmomentthatwashesoveryouwhenyoustepintoaforest.____16____LiandGaryEvans,directoroftheForestBathingInstituteintheU.K.,talktoLifeKitaboutthesciencebehindforestbathingandhowyoucanobtainthehealthbenefits.Theidealplacetoforestbatheisinanaturalforest.Butifyoulivefarawayfromone,anyplacethathasalotoftreesandquietspaceswilldo.____17____A2022studyfoundthatwalkinginaforesthadagreaterimpactoncardiovascular(心血管的)functionthandoingsoinanurbanpark.Togaintherewardsofforestbathing,plantospendtwotosixhoursinthewoods,saysLi.____18____Ifyoucan’tsetasideagoodpartofyourdaytowanderinaforest,youcanalsodoshorterwalks.Yourforestbathingsessionisagoodtimetowalkordosomegentleactivitiessuchasyogaandtaichi.____19____.“Thedifferencebetweennormalactivitiesandforestbathingisthatwe’regoingtomoveveryslowly,”saysEvans.Forestbathingisaboutcalmingyoudown,reducingyourheartrateandbloodpressure.Whenyougettotheforestorthepark,findaspotthatcouldbeaclearinginthewoodssurroundedbyabunchoftalltrees.____20____“Inhale(吸气)foracountofone,twoandthenexhale(呼气)fordoublethelengthoftime.Thenkeepthatgoing.”Thisparticularbreathingexercisehasbeenshowntohavebenefitsoutsideoftheforestenvironment.A.Youcandosportslikehikingorjogging.B.Sitdownandslowdownyourbreathing.C.Buttheywon’tbeassignificantaswalkinginthedeepwoods.D.It’snotthetimetodohardexerciseslikerunningorweighttraining.E.Notonlyis“forestbathing”awaytoexplorenature,it’sgoodforyourhealth.F.Itsimplyconnectswithoursenseofsight,hearing,taste,smellandtouch.G.Accordingtohisresearch,forestbathingforthatamountoftimehelppromotethewellbeing.【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了森林浴是一种通过接触大自然来缓解压力，促进身心健康的运动。【16题详解】由上文“Thereisapeacefulmomentthatwashesoveryouwhenyoustepintoaforest.(当你踏入森林时，会感觉自己立刻就进入了平静的状态)”可知，本空要说跟“森林对人的好处”有关的话题，结合下文中的“LiandGaryEvans,directoroftheForestBathingInstituteintheU.K.,talktoLifeKitaboutthesciencebehindforestbathingandhowyoucanobtainthehealthbenefits.(李和英国森林沐浴研究所所长加里·埃文斯向LifeKit讲述了森林沐浴背后的科学原理以及如何获得健康益处。)”可知，本空要说跟“森林沐对人的好处”有关的话题，E项“Notonlyis“forestbathing”awaytoexplorenature,it’sgoodforyourhealth.(森林浴不仅是探索大自然的一种方法，也对你的健康有益)”符合语境，与上下文衔接紧密。故选E项。【17题详解】由上文“Theidealplacetoforestbatheisinanaturalforest.Butifyoulivefarawayfromone,anyplacethathasalotoftreesandquietspaceswilldo.(森林浴的理想场所是天然森林。但如果你住得离医院很远，任何有很多树和安静空间的地方都可以。)”和下文的“A2022studyfoundthatwalkinginaforesthadagreaterimpactoncardiovascular(心血管的)functionthandoingsoinanurbanpark.(2022年的一项研究发现，在森林中散步比在城市公园散步对心血管功能的影响更大。)”可知，研究发现在森林中散步比在城市公园中散步的益处更多。由此可知，C项“Buttheywon’tbeassignificantaswalkinginthedeepwoods.(但是它们不像在茂密的森林中漫步那样有效)”符合语境。C项与上文形成转折关系，选项中的they指代上文的anyplacethathasalotoftreesandquietspaces。故选C项。【18题详解】根据上文的“Togaintherewardsofforestbathing,plantospendtwotosixhoursinthewoods,saysLi.(李说，为了获得森林浴的奖励，计划在树林里呆上两到六个小时。)”和下文的“Ifyoucan’tsetasideagoodpartofyourdaytowanderinaforest,youcanalsodoshorterwalks.(如果你不能留出一天的大部分时间在森林里漫步，你也可以做短途散步。)”可知，本段主要讲的是进行森林浴的时长。G项“Accordingtohisresearch,forestbathingforthatamountoftimehelppromotethewellbeing.(根据他的研究，在该时长范围内进行森林浴对身体健康有促进作用)”能承上启下，符合题意。G项中的thatamountoftime指代上文中的twotosixhours。故选G项。【19题详解】上文“Yourforestbathingsessionisagoodtimetowalkordosomegentleactivitiessuchasyogaandtaichi.(你的森林浴是散步或做一些温和的活动，如瑜伽和太极的好时机。)”提到进行森林浴的时段适合散步和进行一些轻度运动，下文中““Thedifferencebetweennormalactivitiesandforestbathingisthatwe’regoingtomoveveryslowly,”saysEvans.Forestbathingisaboutcalmingyoudown,reducingyourheartrateandbloodpressure.(埃文斯说：“正常活动和森林沐浴的区别在于，我们的行动非常缓慢。”森林浴可以让你平静下来，降低心率和血压。)”Evans的话提到普通的运动和森林浴的区别。由此可推知，设空处与普通运动有关，故D项“It’snotthetimetodohardexerciseslikerunningorweighttraining.(这段时间内不适合进行诸如跑步或力量训练的剧烈运动)”能承上启下，符合语境。D项中的hardexercises、running和weighttraining与下文的normalactivities相呼应。故选D项。【20题详解】根据下文的““Inhale(吸气)foracountofone,twoandthenexhale(呼气)fordoublethelengthoftime.Thenkeepthatgoing.”Thisparticularbreathingexercisehasbeenshowntohavebenefitsoutsideoftheforestenvironment.(“吸气数到一、二，然后呼气，呼气时间加倍。然后保持下去。”这种特殊的呼吸练习已被证明在森林环境之外也有好处。)”可知，进行森林浴时可以调整呼吸的节奏。B项“Sitdownandslowdownyourbreathing.(坐下来并放缓你呼吸的节奏)”能引起下文，符合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MyexpectationswerelowthedaymyoldschoolfriendSelwynMusatoldmesomefilmdirectorwaslookingforstudents.Selwynhad____21____thedirector,BarneyPlattsMills.HehadaskedifSelwynknewanyone____22____makingmovies.“No,butmyfriendiswritingabook,”Selwynreplied.HeaskedSelwyntotellmeto____23____StHelen’sTheatre,wherehewasrunningeveningworkshops.I____24____myfirstthreechapters,writtenandprintedonaCanonStarWriterI’dreturnedtoitsowner,andwithoutdelay,wenttothetheatreatthefirst____25____.IhandedBarneymydogearedsheets,titledTheScholar.Hereadtohimself,andsaidhewould____26____me.EventhenIfeltthechancewas____27____.I’dmadeafewconnectionslikethatovertheyears.Noneeveramountedtoanything.I’mnotsurehowmuchtime____28____afterthat.Nevertheless,onedaywhenIwasathomeinmymum’shouse,the____29____rang.ItwasBarney.He’dcalledto____30____myaddress.ItoldhimwhereIwasandlessthan20minuteslater,Barney____31____withanothermancarryinga____32____.Mymumwhispered:“Whatdoeshewant?”Iwasalso____33____.Barneyhadn’tevermentionedbringingroundaputer.Itturnedoutthatwhathewantedwas____34____.“Nowyoucanwrite,”Barneysa