2023届普通高等学校全国统一考试英语模拟卷二（新高考卷）

2023年普通高等学校全国统一模拟考试

英语科试题（二）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题

卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Birdscanserveasindicatorspeciesthathelpusunderstandhowhealthyanecosystemis.

Belowaresometipsespeciallyhelpfultoreducebirddeathsandsupportourfeatheredfriends

indailylife.

Keepyourcatindoors

Asidefromhabitatloss,thenextbiggestcauseofdirectdeathforbirdsisoutdoorcats.

Wehaveseenpeoplecreateenclosedpatios,sotheircatscangetoutsidetimewithoutposing

arisktobirds.Ifyouwanttotakeyourcatout,youcanalsotryusingcatleadsorcat

backpackstokeepthemclose.

Makeyourwindowsmorevisibletobirds

WindowcollisionskilluptoabillionbirdseveryyearintheU.S..Alotofpeoplethink

thatthosecollisionsareoccurringattheupperlevelsofhigh-risebuildings,butactuallymost

ofthecollisionsareoccurringatthelowerlevelsofthesehigh-risebuildings.Tomakeyour

windowsmorevisibletobirds,youcantryputtingupwindowfilmwithdots（orlines）or

addingawindowscreenorsomekindofnetting.

Turnofflightsyou'renotusing

Manybirdsmigrateatnight.Andastheygo,they9reattractedbylight.Lightswilldraw

birdsclosetobuildings,andsometimes,theycollide.Birdcollisionsalsohappenduringthe

daytime,becausebirdscan'tseeglass.Sooneofthethingsthatyoucanhelpwith,especially

duringmigration,istoturnoffanylightsthatarenotused.

We'dlovetohearfromyou.Ifyouhaveagoodlifehack,leaveusavoicemailat

202-216-9823oremailusatLifeKit@.Yourtipcouldappearinanupcomingepisode.

ThebroadcastportionofthisstorywasproducedbySylvieDouglis.Itwashostedandreported

byAudreyNguyen.

1.Fromthepassage,whichofthefollowingistheleadingcauseofdirectdeathforbirds?

A.Outdoorcats.B.Collisionsonbuildings.

C.Harshlight.D.Habitatloss.

2.Fromthepassage,whatcanwedotohelpreducebirddeaths?

A.Keepourcatsclosetobirds.

B.Cleanourwindowsthoroughly.

C.Constructnomorehighbuildings.

D.Turnonlightsonlywhennecessary.

3.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?

A.Aradioprogram.

B.Abiologytextbook.

C.Asciencereport.

D.Atouristbrochure.

B

Oncetherewasaclubthatonlysmartpeoplecouldjoin.Manypeoplewantedtojoinit

sothattheywouldbeabletospendmoretimewithothersmartpeople.

Onenight,theclub'smemberswerehavingadinnerpartyinarestaurant.Theytalked

andenjoyedtheirfood.Oneofthemthoughtthathissaladtastedalittleboring,soheasked

forasaltshakerandaddedsomesalt.However,itturnedouttobesugar.Thegroupfound

thatthesaltonthetablewasinthesugarshaker（调料瓶）whilethesugarwasinthesalt

shaker.

Theclubmemberstoldthewaiterabouttheproblem.Buttherewerenootherbottles.

Howcouldthewaitersolvethisproblem?Afteralongdiscussion,thegroupsuggestedsome

waystomakeitright.

Butthewaitersimplylookedattheshakersandsaid,"It'seasy."Hetookthelabelsoff

bothshakersandexchangedthem.Theroomquicklybecamesilent.

Sometimeswemakeproblemsmoredifficulttosolvethantheyshouldbe.It'sgoodto

takeastepbackandseeifthereisasimplerwayfirst.

4.Manypeoplehopedtojointheclubbecause.

A.theythoughttheywerenotsmartenough

B.theycouldgetfreemeals

C.theycouldspendmoretimewithsmartpeople.

D.theycouldspendmoretimeeating

5.Whatdidthegroupfind?

A.Theirsaladtastedalittleboring.

B.Theyhadnothingtoeatbutthesalad.

C.Therewasnosaltorsugarshakeronthetable.

D.Sugarandsaltwerepulinthewrongshakers.

6.Howdidthewaitersolvetheproblem?

A.Hedidnotknowwhattodo.

B.Hetookthelabelsoffbothshakersandexchangedthem.

C.Hesimplylookedattheshakersandsaiditwaseasy.

D.Hestayedwiththesmartpeopleandwaitedforhelp.

7.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewaiter?

A.Clever.B.Brave.C.Interesting.D.Boring.

C

Withgreaterclimatecatastrophe(气彳陕突变)onEarth,itisnaturalforustomakeevery

efforttostopthepotentialfloods,snowstorms,andalarmingreportsfromscientists.Formany

ofus(myselfincluded),partofthatmeansrunningouttobuyreusablestraws,organic

cleaners,andpackaging-freeproducts.

However,beforeyouaredelightedat“green“purchases,takeasecondtoconsiderthe

resultsofanewstudyfromArizonaUniversity.Bycomparingtheshoppinghabits,mental

healthandenvironmentalimpactofyoungpeople,theresearchersreconfirmedaprinciple:

Buyinglessbeatsbuying“green“stuffwithouteffort.Andthatistruewhetheryouare

lookingattheimpactthatyourpurchaseshaveontheEarthoronyourownhappiness.

Itshouldnotcomeasashockthatsimplyconsuminglessisbetterfortheplanet.After

all,everynewitemafactoryyieldsrequiressomeresourcestoproduce.Takeplasticbagbans

forinstance.Ifyourcityisgettingridofsingle-useshoppingbags,itcanbeattractivetopay

forafashionableorganiccottonbaghanginginthecheck-outlineofyourlocalsupermarket.

However,expertsinsistthatgrowingcottonisactuallynobetterfortheEarththanproducing

theconventionalplasticbags.Thenwhatisyourbestbetforcarryingyourgroceriesifyou

careaboutsustainability?Anybagyoualreadyown.

ItisnotjusttheEarththatwillbehappierifyoubuyless.Youwillfeelmorecontented

too,accordingtothenewstudy.''Peoplebelievethattheymightwellbeself-satisfiedabout

becomingenvironmentallyconsciousthrough'green'buyingpatterns,butitdoesn'tseemto

bethatway"，saidtheleadresearcherSabrinaHelm."Reducedconsumptionhaseffectson

increasedwell-being,butwedon'tseethatwith4green9consumption.^^

“Owningeverynew'green'productonthemarketmightmakeyoufeelcontented,butif

yourelieveyourselfofthatburdenofownership,mostpeoplereportfeelingalotbetter/5said

Helm.

8.Whydoesthewritermention“green“shoppinghabits?

A.Tocallonagreenlifestyle.B.Topraisepeople'sgreenefforts.

C.Tointroduceasocialtrend.D.Topresentahalftrue<4green,,truth.

9.What'sthemainideaofparagraph3?

A.Theplasticbagbansareofnoeffect.B.Usinganybagyouhaveisthebestbet.

C.ReducedconsumptionisbetterfortheEarth.D.Growingcottonisfarworseforthe

Earth.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph4referto?

A.Thesenseofachievement.B.Thesenseofhappiness.

C.Thesenseofrelief.D.Thesenseofsecurity.

11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LessisMoreB.TheGreener,TheHappier

C.HappinessGuaranteeD.WhatAreGreenProducts?

D

Deepbelowtheground,radioactiveelementsbreakupwatermolecules（分子）,

producingingredientsthatcanfuelsubsurfacelife.Thisprocess,knownasradio-lysis（辐射

分解）,hassustainedbacteriainisolated,water-filledcracksonEarthformillionstobillions

ofyears.NowastudypublishedinAstro-biologyshowsthatradiolysismayhavesupported

lifeintheMartiansubsurface.

Duststorms,raysintheuniverseandsolarwindsruintheRedPlanet'ssurface.But

below-ground,somelifemightfindrefuge,"Theenvironmentwiththebestchanceof

habitabilityonMarsisthesubsurface,"saysJesseTamas,aplanetaryscientistat

NASA.ExaminingtheMartinundergroundcouldhelpscientistslearnwhetherlifecouldhave

survivedthere.AndthebestsubsurfacesamplesavailabletodayareMartinmeteorites（陨石）

thathavecrash-landedonEarth.

Tarnasandhiscolleagueevaluatedthemineralmakeupandradio-activeelement

abundanceintheMartinsurfaceusingsatelliteandroverdata.Theyinputthesedataintoa

computermodelthatsimulated（模拟）radiolysistoseehowefficientlytheprocesswould

havegeneratedhydrogengasandotherchemicalingredientsthatcansustaintheunderground

bacteria.Theresearchersreportthatifwaterwaspresent,radiolysisintheMartinsubsurface

couldhavesustainedlifeforbillionsofyearsandperhapsstillcouldtoday.

ScientistspreviouslystudiedMarsradiolysis,butthismarksthefirstestimateusing

Martinrockstoquantifytheplanet'ssubsurfacehabitability.Tarnasandhiscolleaguesalso

evaluatedthepotentialrichnessoflifeintheMartinundergroundandfoundthatasmanyasa

millionbacteriacouldexistinakilogramofrock.

Themosthabitablemeteoritesamplesanalysedappearedtobemadeofarocktype

calledregolithbreccia."ThesearethoughttocomefromthesouthernhighlandsofMars,

whichisthemostancientareaonMars,"Tarnassays.

Undergroundlife,asdescribedbythisresearch,wouldrequirewateranditremains

unknownifgroundwaterexistsontheplanet,saysLujendraOjha,aplanetaryscientistat

RutgersUniversity.DeterminingwhethertheMartinsubsurfacecontainswaterwillbean

importantnextstep,butthisinvestigationhelpstomotivatethatsearch.Ojhasays,"Where

thereisgroundwater,therecouldbelife."

12.ScientistsbelievetheMartiansubsurfacemightbehabitableprobablybecause

A.theMartinsurfaceabsorbsraysintheuniverse

B.radio-lysismayexistintheMartianunderground

C.radiationcombinesingredientsforsubsurfacelifetosurvive

D.cracksinMartianmeteoritesoverflowwithbacteria

13.What'sthepurposeofusingMartianmeteorites?

A.TomeasuretheMartianhabitabilitybelow-ground

B.Tosimulatetheprocessofproducinghydrogen.

C.Tohelplifefindshelterfromsolarwinds

D.lbexplorethesourceofhydrogengas.

14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelast3paragraphs?

A.TamaswasthefirsttostudyMarsradiolysis.

B.TheMartianundergroundprovedtoberichinbacteria.

C.ThesouthernhighlandsofMarsarethemosthabitable.

D.Theexistenceofgroundwateriskeytotheinvestigationfindings.

15.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith.

A.thereasonfornolifeontheMartiansurface

B.thesourceofdataforthestudyofMartianhabitability

C.thepossibilityofMarssustaininglifethroughradiation

D.therichnessofradioactiveelementsbelowtheMartiansurface

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12・5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多

余选项。

WhyDoWeFindItHardtoSay"No"？

Asweallknow,saying"no"toothersisnoteasyatall.Butsometimeswehavetolearn

tosay"no”.16Belowarecommonreasonswhypeoplefindithardtosay"no”:

•17Youareakindsoulatheart.Youdon'twanttoturnthepersonaway

andyouwanttohelpwhenpossible,evenifitmayeatintoyourtime.

•Afraidofbeingrude.Iwasbroughtupundertheideathatsaying"no”,especiallyto

peoplewhoareolder,isrude.ThisthinkingiscommoninAsianculture,wherefacesavingis

important.18

•Wantingtobeagreeable.Youdon'twanttoalienate（疏远）yourselffromthegroup

becauseyou'renotinagreement.Soyouagreetoothers'requests.

•Fearofconflict.19Thismightleadtoanuglyconfrontation（面对）.Even

ifthereisn't,theremightbedisagreementwhichmightleadtobadeffectsinthefuture.

•20Perhapsyouareworriedsaying"no"meansclosingdoors.For

example,oneofmyfriends,wiveswasaskedtoworkinanotherdepartmentinhercompany.

Sinceshelikedherteam,shedidn'twanttogo.However,shedidn'twanttosay"no"asshe

feltitwouldaffectherpromotionchancesinthefuture.

A.Wantingtohelpothers.

B.Fearoflosingchances.

C.Wantingtokeepagoodrelationship.

D.IslowlyrealizedIneededtolearntosay"no".

E.Youareafraidthepersonmightbeangryifyourefusehim/her.

F.Itmeansnotmakingotherslookbadorloseface.

G.Tolearntosay“no"，wehavetofirstunderstandwhat'sstoppingusfromit.

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

IthappenedamonthafterIbeganteachingintheUS.Ihadto21theclass

schedule."WeUlneedtopreponethequiz,“Isaid,preparingforthegroans（咕哝）frommy

students.Instead,therewasatotal22.

Ilookedaroundtosee23expressionsontheirfaces-thatlookof“IhaveNO

ideawhatyoujustsaid,"whichstopsanyteachermid-lectureto24aconceptfurther.

ItwasthenthatIfoundoutthat<4prepone^^wasnota（n）25wordinEnglish

dictionaries.Ibelievedthatpreponemeanthe26ofpostpone—movinganeventtoan

earliertimerather27anevent.SowhenIrealizeditwasn't"proper“English,Iwas

28.Itwasagreat29inmylinguistic（语言的）self-image.

IhadgrownupinIndia,wherefluencyinEnglishiscloselyassociatedwith30

privilege（特权）.IwasanEnglishmajorwithalargevocabulary,and31forreading

DickensandAusten.MycomfortwithEnglishhadshapedmysenseof32.Ina

worlddividedintolinguistic“haves”and“have-nots”,I33knewIwasoneofthe

“haves”.

Butthatdayintheclassroom,myincomprehensibleEnglishtaughtmethatbeingan

linguistic"have"is34anddelusional（妄自尊大）atbest.LeavingIndia

35meoutofmyprivilegeandopenedmyeyestotherichworldofEnglishes.

21.A.meetB.designC.arrangeD.change

22.A.silenceB.understandingC.messD.commitment

23.A.genuineB.happyC.blankD.guilty

24.A.graspB.defineC.replaceD.explain

25.A.usefulB.simpleC.ordinaryD.actual

26.A.conceptB・formationC.oppositeD.dimension

27.A.breakingoffB.puttingofC.callingoffD.gettingoff

28.A.astonishedB.relievedC.excitedD.disappointed

29.A.reflectionB.establishmentC.honorD.shift

30.A.culturalB.economicC.mentalD.commercial

31.A.concernB.gratitudeC.fondnessD.tension

32.A.justiceB.beautyC.dutyD.self

33.A.humblyB.definitelyC.possiblyD.barely

34.A.unusualB•unstableC.reliableD.perfect

35.A.tookB.cheatedC.pickedD.argued

第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面材料,

在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

DuringtheLanternFestival,longlinesofcustomersarewaitingoutsideDaoxiangcun

storesinthecapitalcityBeijing.UIfeelFmmissingsomething36Idon'teat

yuanxiaoduringtheLanternFestival.Gettingupearlyinthemorning,37(put)on

warmclothesandwaitinginalonglineoutsideaDaoxiangcunstoretobuynewly-made

yuanxiaoisasortofprivateceremonyformeandensuresIwillhaveanothersweetyear.”

DongShanshan,3835-year-oldBeijingersaid.FormanypeoplelikeDong,eating

Daoxiangcun,yuanxiao39(be)anessentialLanternFestivaltradition.

TheBeijingDaoxiangcunFoodCompany,40ownsthebrandandstores,

recentlystagedaneventtomarktheofficiallaunchofyuanxiaobeingmadeatsomeofits

41(factory).ShiYan,thecompany'srepresentativemanager,said,“All42

(we)yuanxiaoarehandmade,becauseitistheonlywaytomaintainthetraditionalflavor.^^

43(meet)localdemand,thecompanywilldemonstratehowyuanxiaoare

madeatsomeofitsstoresinBeijing."Thiswill44(hopeful)bringafestive

atmospheretothecityanditsresidents/Shisaid."Youngpeoplecanlearnhowthe

traditionalfoodismadeandtheculturesurroundingthisfoodcan45(carry)

forwardandexpanded.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.假如你是的学生会主席李华，你校最近成立了一个英语演讲社团，打算面向全校招

募会员。请你以学生会的名义根据以下内容用英语写一则招募启事。

1.要求：热爱演讲，年龄和性别不限。

2.报名方式：学术报告厅填表。

3.截止时间：6月1日

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

参考词汇：性别：gender学术报告厅：lecturehall

MembersWanted

Thenewly-foundedEnglishSpeechAssociationisingreatneedofmembers.

StudentUnion

第二节（满分25分）

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Gettingtowatchsurgeryshouldbeexcitingforanymedicalstudent.Butinmycase,

whiletwodoctorsweredoingtheoperation,Iwascheckingmyphoneevery20secondsto

seehowmuchlongeritwouldbeuntilIcouldleave.Ididn'tbelongthere;Iwasonly

pretendingtobethere.Thetruthwasthat,halfwaythroughuniversity,IknewIdidn'twantto

beadoctor.AndIhadtodecidewhethertokeeplyingtomyself,orchangemymajor.

Beforeuniversity,IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylife.Pdalwayswantedto

studyEnglishbutmyparentsdidn'tapprove,sayingtherewasnomoneyinit.SoIfiguredI'd

justpickacareerthatlookedwell-paid,satisfying,andwouldmakemyparentsproud.

“Doctor“isthefirstchoice,soIdecidedtostudymedicine.Iknewallthecoursework

wouldn'tbeeasy,butIdidn'texpecttofinditashardasIdid.Ispentmanylatenightsand

weekendsstudying,butstilldidn'tgetgoodgrades.Ijustcouldn'tkeepthematerialinmind.

Byexamtime,mygradeswereterribleandIfeltlikeafool.Ithoughtmaybeamedical

internship（实习医生的工作）wouldhelpraisemyspirits.Absurdly,myinternshipwaswhere

IrealizedhowlittleIwantedtobeadoctor.

EverydayI'djustgointoworkanddoexactlywhatIwastold,gowhereIwastoldto

go,andwatchwhatIwastoldtowatch.AndthenI'dgohome.ItwasfunwheneverIgotto

playwithexpensivemicroscopesorwatchcrazysurgery,buttherestofthetimeIstruggledto

getthroughtheday.Theotherinterns,however,practicallyworkedsohard.Theywereso

driven.Ithought,t4Wow,theseinternsreallywanttobedoctors.Iobviouslydon't."Itwasa

sadrealizationthatsadder,scarierquestion:IfIdidn'twanttobeadoctor,whatdidIwantto

do?

注意：续写词数应为150左右;请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Itwasn'taneasydecision.

Eventually,IchangedmymajortoEnglishwritingandsuddenlyIfounduniversity

enjoyable.

2023年普通高等学校全国统一考试

英语科试题（模拟卷二）解析及参考答案

1.D2.D3.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日常生活中可用于帮助较少鸟类死亡，保护鸟类的窍

门。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Asidefromhabitatloss,thenextbiggestcauseofdirectdeathfor

birdsisoutdoorcats.（除了栖息地的丧失，鸟类直接死亡的第二大原因是户外猫）”可知，鸟类

死亡的主要原因是栖息地的丧失。故选D项。

2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sooneofthethingsthatyoucanhelpwith,especiallyduring

migration,istoturnoffanylightsthatarenotused.（因此，你可以帮忙的一件事，尤其是在迁移

期间，就是关闭所有未使用的灯光）“可知，我们可以只在必要的时候开灯，以帮助减少鸟类

死亡。故选D项。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThebroadcastportionofthisstorywasproducedbySylvie

Douglis.ItwashostedandreportedbyAudreyNguyen.（这个故事的广播部分由SylvieDouglis

制作。由AudreyNguyen主持和报道）”可推知，文章很可能源于电台节目。故选A项。

4.C5.D6.B7.A

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一个聪明人俱乐部发生的故事来说明：有时，

我们会使问题比应该解决的更难解决。最好先退一步，看看是否有更简单的方法。

4.细节理解题。根据第一段“Manypeoplewantedtojoinitsothattheywouldbeabletospend

moretimewithothersmartpeople.（许多人想加入它，这样他们就可以有更多的时间与其他聪

明人在一起）“可知，许多人希望加入这个俱乐部，因为他们可以花更多的时间和聪明人在一

起。故选C项。

5.细节理解题。根据第二段“Thegroupfoundthatthesaltonthetablewasinthesugarshaker

（调料瓶）whilethesugarwasinthesaltshaker.（小组发现，桌上的盐在糖罐中，而糖在盐罐中）“

可知，小组发现糖和盐放错了调料瓶。故选D项。

6.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Hetookthelabelsoffbothshakersandexchangedthem.（他把

两个调料瓶上的标签都取下来，换了一个）”可知，他把两个调料瓶上的标签都取下来，换了

一个。故选B项。

7.推理判断题。根据倒数第二三段“Theclubmemberstoldthewaiterabouttheproblem.But

therewerenootherbottles.Howcouldthewaitersolvethisproblem?Afteralongdiscussion,the

groupsuggestedsomewaystomakeitright.Butthewaitersimplylookedattheshakersandsaid,

Tt'seasy.,,Hetookthelabelsoffbothshakersandexchangedthem.Theroomquicklybecame

silent.（俱乐部成员把这个问题告诉了服务员。但没有其他瓶子。服务员怎么解决这个问题？

经过长时间的讨论，小组提出了一些正确的方法。但服务员只是看着调料瓶说：“很简单。”

他把两个调料瓶上的标签都取下来，换了一个。房间里很快就静了下来）”可知，这个服务员

非常聪明。故选A项。

DCBA

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无论是对地球的影响还是对自己的幸福感而言，减少

消费比绿色消费更好。

8.推理判断题。由第一段中的“Formanyofus（myselfincluded）,partofthatmeansrunningout

tobuyreusablestraws,organiccleaners,andpackaging-freeproducts.（对我们许多人（包括我自

己）来说，这部分意味着要去买可重复使用的吸管、有机清洁剂和无包装产品厂和第二段中

的“Bycomparingtheshoppinghabits,mentalhealthandenvironmentalimpactofyoungpeople,

theresearchersreconfirmedaprinciple:Buyinglessbeatsbuying“green”stuffwithouteffort.（通

过比较年轻人的购物习惯、心理健康和环境影响，研究人员再次确认了一个原则：少买比不

费力地买“绿色”东西要好户可知，研究人员认为“少买”比“不费力地买，绿色'东西要好'’（说

明绿色购物并不好），可得出作者提到绿色购物习惯是为了呈现一种不太正确的绿色理念。

故选D项。

9.主旨大意题。由第三段主题句"Itshouldnotcomeasashockthatsimplyconsuminglessis

betterfortheplanet.倘单地减少消费对地球更好，这不应该让人感到震惊）”可知，第三段主

要讲述了减少消费对地球更好。故选C项。

10.词句猜测题。由第四段中的“Reducedconsumptionhaseffectsonincreasedwell-being,but

wedon'tseethatwith'green'consumption.（减少消费会对提高幸福感产生影响，但我们在‘绿

色'消费中看不到皿）''可知，that指代上文，减少消费对于增加幸福感有影响，但是我们看

不到绿色消费对幸福感的影响，Ihat指代“Thesenseofhappiness（幸福感）故选B项。

11.主旨大意题。由第二段中的"Bycomparingtheshoppinghabits,mentalhealthand

environmentalimpactofyoungpeople,theresearchersreconfirmedaprinciple:Buyinglessbeats

buying“green“stuffwithouteffort.Andthatistruewhetheryouarelookingattheimpactthat

yourpurchaseshaveontheEarthoronyourownhappiness.（通过比较年轻人的贝勾物习惯、心理

健康和环境影响，研究人员再次确认了一个原则：少买比不费力地买“绿色”东西要好。无论

你是在看你的购买对地球的影响，还是对你自己的幸福感的影响，这都是事实）“，第三段主

题句"Itshouldnotcomeasashockthatsimplyconsuminglessisbetterfortheplanet.（简单地减

少消费对地球更好，这不应该让人感到震惊）”和第四段中的“ItisnotjusttheEarththatwillbe

happierifyoubuyless.Youwillfeelmorecontentedtoo,accordingtothenewstudy.（如果你减

少购买，不仅地球会更幸福。根据这项新研究，你也会感到更满足）“可知，文章主要介绍了

无论是对地球的影响还是对自己的幸福感而言，减少消费比绿色消费更好，所以“少即是多''

可以作为文章标题。故选A项。

BADC

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要是关于火星通过辐射维持生命的可能性。

12.推理判断题。根据第一段中“NowastudypublishedinAstro-biologyshowsthatradiolysis

mayhavesupportedlifeintheMartiansubsurface.（现在发表在《天体生物学》杂志上的一项

研究表明，辐射裂解可能有助于火星地下的生命存在）”，可知，科学家们认为火星地下可

能适合居住，这可能是因为火星地下可能存在辐射分解现象。故选B。

13.推理判断题。根据第二段中“below-ground,somelifemightfindrefuge.（在地下，一些生

命可能会找到避难所）"和"ExaminingtheMartinundergroundcouldhelpscientistslearn

whetherlifecouldhavesurvivedthere.Andthebestsubsurfacesamplesavailabletodayare

Martinmeteorites（陨石）thathavecrash-landedonEarth.（研究地下的马丁可以帮助科学家们

了解那里是否有生命存在。而目前可获得的最好的地表下样本是撞击地球的马丁陨石）”,

可知，使用火星陨石的目的是为了测量火星地下的可居住性。故选A。

14.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Undergroundlife,asdescribedbythisresearch,wouldrequire

wateranditremainsunknownifgroundwaterexistsontheplanet（正如这项研究所描述的那样，

地下生命需要水，而目前还不清楚地球上是否存在地下水）"和"Deteiminingwhetherthe

Martinsubsurfacecontainswaterwillbeanimportantnextstep,butthisinvestigationhelpsto

motivatethatsearch.Ojhasays,'Wherethereisgroundwater,therecouldbelife.5（下一步重要的

一步是确定马丁号的地下是否有水，但这次调查有助于推动搜索。Ojha说:“哪里有地下水，

哪里就可能有生命“）“，可知，从最后3段可以推断出“地下水的存在是调查结果的关键。”

故选D。

15.主旨大意题。根据第一段"Deepbelowtheground,radioactiveelementsbreakupwater

molecules（分子）,producingingredientsthatcanfuelsubsurfacelife.Thisprocess,knownas

radiolysis（辐射分解），hassustainedbacteriainisolated,water-filledcracksonEarthformillions

tobillionsofyears.NowastudypublishedinAstro-biologyshowsthatradiolysismayhave

supportedlifeintheMartiansubsurface.（在地下深处，放射性元素分解水分子，产生能够为

地下生命提供燃料的成分。这个过程被称为辐射分解，使细菌在地球上孤立的、充满水的

裂缝中存活了数百万到数十亿年。现在发表在《天体生物学》杂志上的一项研究表明，放

射性分解可能有助于火星地下的生命存在）”，可知，这篇文章主要是关于火星通过辐射维

持生命的可能性。故选C。

GAFEB

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们说“不”很困难的几点原因。

16.根据上文“Asweallknow,saying'no5toothersisnoteasyatall.Butsometimeswehaveto

learntosayFo，.（我们都知道，对别人说‘不'并不容易。但有时我们必须学会说‘不'）”以及后

文“Belowarecommonreasonswhypeoplefindithardtosay"no"（以下是人们很难说，不,的常

见原因）“可知，本句是在提出为什么说"不'’很困难的问题，后文开始解释原因。故G选项“要

学会说‘不'，我们首先要明白是什么阻止了我们这么做"符合语境，故选G。

17.根据后文“Youareakindsoulatheart.Youdon'twanttoturnthepersonawayandyouwant

tohelpwhenpossible,evenifitmayeatintoyourtime.（你是一个心地善良的人。你不想拒绝这

个人，你想在可能的时候帮助他，即使这会占用你的时间）“可知，本段说明的原因是因为想

要帮助别人，而无法拒绝别人。故A选项“想要帮助别人”符合语境，故选A。

18.Afraidofbeingrude.Iwasbroughtupundertheideathatsaying'no',especially

topeoplewhoareolder,isrude.ThisthinkingiscommoninAsianculture,wherefacesavingis

important.（•害怕没礼貌。我从小就认为说，不’，尤其是对年长的人说‘不'是不礼貌的。这种

想法在亚洲文化中很常见，在亚洲，面子是很重要的）“可知，上文提到亚洲人要面子，本句

进行解释说明：不要让别人难堪或丢脸。故F选项"意思是不要让别人难堪或丢脸”符合语境,

故选F。

19.根据后文“Thismightleadtoanuglyconfrontation.Evenifthereisn't,theremightbe

disagreementwhichmightleadtobadeffectsinthefuture」这可能会导致一场丑陋的对抗。即使

没有，也可能会有分歧，这可能会导致在未来不好的影响）“可知，本句是在说明拒绝别人可

能会让别人生气，从而导致冲突和分歧，故E选项“你害怕如果你拒绝他/她，他/她可能会

生气”符合语境，故选E。

20.根据后文“Perhapsyouareworriedsaying'no'meansclosingdoors.Forexample,oneofmy

friends'wiveswasaskedtoworkinanotherdepartmentinhercompany.Sinceshelikedherteam,

shedidn'twanttogo.However,shedidn'twanttosay"no"asshefeltitwouldaffecther

promotionchancesinthefuture』也许你担心说，不,意味着关上大门。例如，我一个朋友的妻子

被要求在她公司的另一个部门工作。因为她喜欢她的团队