重庆市2023年高三《英语》上学期十月月考试题以及参考答案

重庆市2023年高三《英语》上学期十月月考试题与参考答案第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanthinkthewomanoughttodo?A.Loseanotherfivepounds.B.Buysomenewclothes.C.Begladaboutgainingweight.2.Whoisatthedoor?A.Adeliveryboy.B.Apostman.C.Theirneighbor.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthetelephone.B.Atthelibrary.C.Inaclassroom.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthebook?A.Interesting.B.Awful.C.Boring.5.Whydoesthewomansuggestrelaxing?A.Becausethey’vebeenworkinghardattheirjobs.B.Becausethey’vebeenstudyinghardforsometime.C.BecausetheythinkthatHamletisworthseeing.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。6.Whydothetwospeakershopeforsunnydays?A.Becausetheyfeelboredwiththechangeableweather.B.Becausetheycan’tdoanythingintherain.C.Becausetheyareworryingabouttheirvegetables.7.Whatwilltheweatherprobablybelikethisafternoon?A.Cloudy.B.Warm.C.Foggy.8.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Itissunny.B.Itiscloudy.C.Itisrainy.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。9.Whywasthemanlate?A.Becausehewascaughtinatrafficjam.B.Becausehemissedtheearliestbus.C.Becausehehadtoattendameetinginthemorning.10.Whenwasthemanabletoseetheheadmaster?A.Rightnow.B.Afterthemeeting.C.Beforethemeeting.11.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Buyanewbike.B.Askhisfatherforadvice.C.Getupearlier.听下面一段对话，回答第12至第14三个小题。12.WhatisAnndoingnow?A.WatchingTV.B.Readingthenewspaper.C.Readingbooks.13.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinLondon?A.Rainyandwindy.B.Fineandcloudy.C.Cloudyandwindy.14.Whichcitywillhavethehighesttemperature?A.Beijing.B.London.C.NewYork.听下面一段对话，回答第15至第17三个小题。15.Whycouldn’tthewomangetgoodgradesaccordingtotheman?A.Becauseshehasn’tgotthecorrectwayoflearning.B.Becauseshedidn’tlistentotheteacherattentively.C.Becauseshedidn’tknowhowtomakegoodnotes.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasbeenstudyinghardsincesecondaryschool.B.Shefailedtheexamsoftwosubjectsthisterm.C.Shespentmuchtimeinstudying.17.Whatdoesthemanusuallydoafterclass?A.Doexercises.B.Markthekeypoints.C.Reviewthelessons.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.WhenwastheGreatExhibitionofIndustriesofAllNationsfirstheld?A.In1815.B.In1851.C.In1915.19.Howmanypeoplewillliveincitiesby2010?A.About65％oftheworldpopulation.B.About55％oftheworldpopulation.C.About50%oftheworldpopulation.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.The2010Expositionwilllast186days.B.The2010Expositionplanstoattract90millionvisitors.C.ShanghaiDeclarationwillbeissuedattheendoftheevent.第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestFourSoccerClubsinTorontoTorontoishometoanumberofsoccerclubs.Ifyouareinterestedinsoccer,let’stakealookatfourbestsoccerclubsinToronto.CherryBeachSoccerClubCherryBeachSoccerClub,whichfirstopeneditsdoorin2009,nowhas56houseleagues,10competitiveteamsandsixadultteams.Theyprovide30,000childrenandyoungpeopleinthedowntownareawithhigh-qualityandlow-costsoccerlessons.Itoffersarecreationalhouseleague,development,andcompetitivesoccerforthoseagedfivetothirty.Phone:（416）367-4359NorthSoccerClubNorthSoccerClub,whichwasestablishedin1980,isawelcomingenvironmentforeveryonewhoenjoyssoccerorwantstotrysomethingnew.Youdon’tneedtobeconcernedaboutyourqualificationsorexperience.However,totakepartinpractice,youmustfirstcompleteahealthcheck.ItoffersaSpecialOlympicsprogramforplayerswithintellectualdisabilities.Thefeerangeisfrom$230to$270.Phone:（416）924-9911PowerSoccerClubPowerSoccerClubfoundedin1996byaformerGalwayUnitedplayer,hasgrownuptobeoneofCanada’smostfamoussoccerschools.Youwillforsureprogressinyourskilldevelopmentwithaactiveandengagingtrainingsessions.Thefeecanrangefrom$210to$315.NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClubNorthYorkHeartsSoccerClubwasfoundedin1990.Thisclubexposeseveryonewholovessportstothehistoryofsoccerwiththehelpofagroupofskilledsportscoachesandprofessors.Thefeerangeisfrom$210to$320.Phone:（416）650-57431.Whichclubwasfoundedinthe21stcentury?A.NorthSoccerClub. B.CherryBeachSoccerClub.C.PowerSoccerClub. D.NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClub.2.WhatisrequiredforpeopletojoinNorthSoccerClub?A.Richexperience. B.Awisemind.C.Ahealthcheck. D.Acuriousheart.3.Tolearnthehistoryofsoccer,youshouldcall________tosignup.A.（416）367-4359 B.（416）650-5743C.（416）425-6062 D.（416）924-9911【答案】1.B2.C3.B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了多伦多最好的四个足球俱乐部。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题CherryBeachSoccerClub下的段落中“CherryBeachSoccerClub,whichfirstopeneditsdoorin2009,nowhas56houseleagues,10competitiveteamsandsixadultteams.（樱桃海滩足球俱乐部于2009年首次开张，目前拥有56个室内联赛、10支竞技球队和6支成人球队）”可知，CherryBeachSoccerClub成立于2009年，即21世纪。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题NorthSoccerClub下的段落中“However,totakepartinpractice,youmustfirstcompleteahealthcheck.（然而，要参加实践，您必须首先完成健康检查）”可知，加入北方足球俱乐部需要先做健康检查。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClub下的段落中“NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClubwasfoundedin1990.Thisclubexposeseveryonewholovessportstothehistoryofsoccerwiththehelpofagroupofskilledsportscoachesandprofessors.（北约克Hearts足球俱乐部成立于1990年。这个俱乐部在一群技术精湛的体育教练和教授的帮助下，让每一个热爱运动的人了解足球的历史）”以及“Phone:（416）650-5743”可知，如果你想要了解足球的历史，你应该拨打（416）650-5743。故选B项。BScientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtoknowwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.Researchersreportthesystemisabletotellthatlightningstrikesupto30minutesbeforetheyhappenwithina30-kilometerarea.Lightningisastrongburstofelectricityintheatmosphere.Sinceitcarriesanextremelypowerfulelectricalcharge（电荷）,itcanbedestructiveanddeadly.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusesacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm（算法）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.Theresearcherstest-ranthesystemseveraltimes.Theyfoundthatthesystemmadepredictionsthatprovedcorrectalmost80percentofthetime.“Itcannowbeusedanywhere,”theSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologysaidinastatement.TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionprogram.TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodproject.Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,takinglightningchargesfromcloudstotheground.Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes.Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather.4.Whywasthesystemdeveloped?A.Toprotectpeoplefromlightning.B.Toshowthepoweroflightning.C.Tokeeptrackoflightningdeaths.D.Tomeetkids’curiosityaboutlightning.5.Whatisspecialaboutthesystem?A.Itwasbasedonanumberofsamplesworldwide.B.Itadoptedadifferentmachinelearningalgorithm.C.Itusedaneffectivemethodofcollectingdata.D.Itrequiredlowcostofpredictinglightning.6.Whatwilltheresearchersdonextwiththelasertechnology?A.Monitorlightningactivity. B.Preventtheoccurrenceoflightning.C.Produceelectricitywithlightning. D.Directenergyfromlightning.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASystemofControllingLightning.B.ATheoryofExplainingLightning.C.AMethodofPredictingLightning.D.AModelofCreatingLightning.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们开发的一种能预测闪电的系统。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.（欧洲研究人员估计，全球每年有6000到24000人死于雷击。由于这个原因，气候科学家一直在寻找预测闪电的方法。）”可知，研究人员一直在寻找预测闪电的方法是因为每年都有很多人死于雷击；结合文章最后一段的“Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes.Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather.（他们希望这样的技术有一天能被用于防止雷击。可能的用途可能是在车站、机场或大量人群聚集的地方。）”可推知，研究人员开发这一系统的目的在于保护人们免受雷击。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm（算法）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.（这些数据与四种主要地表条件有关：气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速，这些数据被放入一个独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。）”可知，气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速等数据会放入到一种独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。由此可知，系统特殊在采用了一种独特的机器学习算法。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,takinglightningchargesfromcloudstotheground.（从事该项目的科学家们正在试验一种激光技术，该技术有朝一日可以控制闪电活动，将闪电电荷从云层带到地面。）”可知，科学家们正在研究一种激光技术，这种技术能控制闪电活动，将云层的闪电电荷带到地面上。由此可推知，有了激光技术后，科学家们下一步可能会把目标放在闪电产生的能量上。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，文章首段首句“Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtoknowwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.（科学家们表示，他们已经开发出一种使用机器来了解闪电何时何地会发生的系统。）”提出科学家们已经开发出一种用机器来了解闪电会在何时何地发生的系统；第二段介绍了开发该系统的原因；第三、四、五段介绍了该系统的工作原理和研究过程；最后一段介绍了该系统的研究现状。由此可知，本文主要介绍了这种能预测闪电的系统。C项“AMethodofPredictingLightning.”最能概括本文主旨。故选C项。CSocialmediaistakingoverourlives:Facebook,Instagram,Twitterandnow,TikTok.Thesesocialmediaplatformshavechangedfromawaytostayconnectedtoanindustrywhereevenkidscanmakemoneyofftheirposts.Whilethismayseemlikeanotheropportunisticinnovation,it’sreallyfullofhiddenfalserealities.Themedianincome（中位收入）recordedintheUnitedStatesofAmericanwasabout$63,000in2018.TikTokerscanmakeanywherefrom$50,000to$150,000foraTikTokbrandpartnership,andTikTokerswithoveramillionfollowerscanmakeupto$30,000amonth—$360,000ayear.Theyaremakingmorethantheaveragepersontryingtofeedtheirfamilyandkeeparoofovertheirheadssimplybypostinga15-secondvideo.Thisismadinmorewaysthanone.Notonlyisitanoverpaid“job”,itpromotesundeservedadmirationfromviewersandafalsesenseofreality.ManyofthesefamousTikTokersarestillteensandtheeffectsoffameatsuchanearlystageinlifemightcauseissueslaterinlife,suchasmentalillness.Teensbetweentheagesof13and17makeup27%ofTikTokviewers,whocanbeeasilyinfluencedbywhattheyarewatching.Theycanputafalsesenseofself-valueintowhotheylookuptoandwhattheyrepresent:money,fame,beingconsideredconventionallyattractive.WhileTikTokhasbecomeagreattoolformarketing,it’simportanttounderstandhowthiscontentaffectsyoungviewers.Ifwe’reconstantlyconsumingcontentthatshowsusallweneedtodotobesuccessfulisbeconventionallyattractiveandposta15-secondvideofeaturinganewdance,itwillchallengeourknowledgeofwhatreallymakessomeonesuccessfulandwillinturnaffectourindividualworkethnics（伦理）.Whataboutthepeoplewhomissbirthdaysandfamilyholidaysduetotheirjobsandaren’tgettingpaidnearlyasmuchastheseTikTokers?RichardColyer,presidentandcreatorofMetaphor,Inc,hadhisownviewonthisissue.“Itsoundsgreatthatkidscanmakemoneyfordoingthelatestdancemovesina15-secondvideo,butweshouldfeedthemindsofkidsandnotjusttheirbankaccounts.TikTokcanbegreatifusedproperly.Moneyaloneisnotgood;technologyaloneisnotgoodandconnectednesscanbebadifitisonlyonline.”Again,asafellowconsumerofTikTok,IdoenjoytheappwhenIhavesometimetokillandneedagoodlaugh.I’mnotagainstsomeonemakingalivingonentertainment,butwhatdoesgettingfamousoffofa15-secondvideoteachyoungpeople?8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph1referto?A.Socialnetworking. B.Makingmoneyonsocialmedia.C.AjobofferedbyTikTok. D.StayingconnectedtotheInternet.9.WhichisthepossibleinfluenceofTikTokonitsyoungusers?A.Theytendtoliveanadultlifetoosoon.B.Theyareforcedtopayforcertainservices.C.Theyarelikelytodevelopfalsevalues.D.Theymaystopbelievingothersocialmedia.10.WhatcanweinferfromRichardColyer’scomments?A.TikTokcanbeapositiveinfluenceifteensmakegooduseofit.B.YoungTikTokersshouldbebannedfrommakingmoney.C.ItisbettertoinvolveeducationoninvestmentinTikTokvideos.D.Contentsofvideosneedcheckingbeforetheirreleaseonline.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AJobvsAnEntertainmentB.JoinYoungTikTokersC.SayNotoTikTokD.TikTok—AMineofMoney【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并呼吁青少年用户群体正确使用社交媒体和树立正确的价值观。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第一段的“Thesesocialmediaplatformshavetransformedfromawaytostayconnectedtoanindustrywhereevenkidscanmakemoneyofftheirposts.Whilethismayseemlikeanotheropportunisticinnovation,it’sreallyfullofhiddenfalserealities.”（这些社交媒体平台已经从一种保持联系的方式转变为一个连孩子都能通过发帖赚钱的行业。虽然这看起来像是另一种机会主义创新，但它确实充满了隐藏的非真实现实。）可知，this指代上文中“evenkidscanmakemoneyofftheirposts”这一现象，即“在社交媒体上赚钱”。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Teensbetweentheagesof13and17makeup27%ofTikTokviewers,whocanbeeasilyinfluencedbywhattheyarewatching.Theycanputafalsesenseofself-valueintowhotheylookuptoandwhattheyrepresent:money,fame,beingconsideredconventionallyattractive.”（13至17岁的青少年占TikTok观众的27%，他们很容易受到所看内容的影响。他们会把一种错误的自我价值感放在他们所崇拜的人和他们所代表的东西上：金钱、名誉、被认为具有传统吸引力。）可知，孩子们很容易被观看的内容影响，他们可能会建立错误的自我价值观念，追求传统意义上更加吸引人的金钱和名誉，即年轻的用户可能会树立不正确的价值观。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段RichardColyer的话“TikTokcanbegreatifusedproperly.”（如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会是很棒的）推知，在RichardColyer看来，如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会对青少年有好的影响。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“Again,asafellowconsumerofTikTok,IdoenjoytheappwhenIhavesometimetokillandneedagoodlaugh.I’mnotagainstsomeonemakingalivingonentertainment,butwhatdoesgettingfamousoffofa15-secondvideoteachyoungpeople?”（而且，作为它的消费者，当我有时间消磨，需要大笑的时候，我的确喜欢这个软件。我并不反对某人靠娱乐谋生，但是一个15秒的视频教年轻人什么能出名呢？）可知，本文是观点对峙类议论文。文章主要阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并且很多用户的收入远高于普通人。作者认为抖音应被当作娱乐方式，而不是人们赚钱的工具，因为短短的15秒视频并不能教给青少年太多有价值的东西。因此推断A项“工作还是娱乐”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。DIt’suncertainwhenmanyofficesmayreopen,butit’sclearthevirtualworkrevolutionthatbeganwiththepandemicisn’tgoingaway.AlexiaCambon,researchdirectoratGartner,saysfindingtherightcombinationofin-personandvirtualworkwilltakecreativityandexperimentation.ManagingdirectorDeborahLovichstressesthatcompaniesshouldconsiderthatflexibilityisnotonlyaboutlocation,butalsoaboutthehoursemployeeswork.Alexiaalsopointsouttheimportanceoffindingsolutionsforawholeteam.“WhatCOVID-19taughtusisthatflexworkcannotbeforanindividual.Ithastobefortheteam,”shesays.“Whenthewholeteamistogetheronlineversusawholeteamtogetherinperson,itworks.”Progressiveorganizationsarealsoreconsideringtheirworkplaceculture.“They’rethinkingaboutchangingcultureandleadershiptobemuchmoretrust-based,impact-based,insteadofinput-based,like,Iseeyou,soIthinkyou’reproductive,’comparedto,‘Wow,Iseewhatyou’veaccomplished,andIknowyou’vebeenproductive,””Lovichsays.Lovichseesremoteworkasa“win-win”forcmployeeswhogetmoreflexibilityandemployerswhocanhirepeoplefromanywhereinthecountryoreventheworld.Sheviewsitascreatingequalityintermsofallowingsmalltownstoattracttalentandofferingmoreopportunityforwomentoclimbthecorporateladderwithouthavingtorelocatetheirfamilies,somethingthatshesaysoftentakesabackseatinadual-careerhouschold.Companiesthatrequireareturntoafullyon-sitemodelcouldloseoneinthreeemployees.Lovichagreesthatemployersneedtobecareful.“It’sanemployee’smarketrightnow.Theworldisshortofworkers,andbecauseofthatweshouldreallythinkaboutwhatweneedandfeelconfidentandcourageoustospeakup.Andalotofcompaniesaregettingthat,andsoit’sarealopportunitytoeithershapetheplaceyouworktobetheplaceitneedstobeorgosomeplaceelsethatdoes,”Lovichsays.“Fordecades,we’vebeencontorting（扭曲）ourlivestofitaroundwork，andCOVID-19forcedworktofitaroundlives．”12.WhatdoesAlexiaemphasizeaccordingtothetext?A.Howtomakevirtualworkgoawaysoon.B.Howtocreatevirtualworkcooperatively.C.Howtocombinevirtualworkwithscience.D.Howtofindthebestlocationforvirtualwork13.Whydoprogressiveorganizationschangetheirworkplaceculture?A.Totakecontrolofthedevelopmentofvirtualwork.B.Tocomparecompanyculturewithfirmleadership.C.Tomakeemployeesfeeltrustedanddeveloppositively.D.Topersuademorecompaniestochoosevirtualworksoon.14.WhatdoesLovichthinkofvirtualwork?A.Itisattractivetoallemployees. B.Itisjustbeneficialtoemployers.C.Itispopularamongsmallfirms. D.Itbenefitsbothbossesandworkers.15.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Virtualworkisheretostay. B.Advantagesofvirtualwork.C.Befarawayfromflexibility. D.A“win-win“changeforbusiness.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过列举AlexiaCambon和Lovich对于“远程工作”的看法，阐述了远程工作将继续存在。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Alexiaalsopointsouttheimportanceoffindingsolutionsforawholeteam.“WhatCOVID-19taughtusisthatflexworkcannotbeforanindividual.Ithastobefortheteam,”shesays.Whenthewholeteamistogetheronlineversusawholeteamtogetherinperson,itworks.”（Alexia还指出了为整个团队寻找解决方案的重要性。“COVID-19告诉我们，弹性工作不适合个人。必须是为了团队，”她说。“当整个团队在网上进行交流，而不是整个团队面对面交流时，效果会更好。”）可知，Alexia强调了整个团队找解决方案的重要性，即就是“如何合作创建远程工作的重要性”。B项“Howtocreatevirtualworkcooperatively.”（如何合作创建远程工作。）符合原文表述，故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断通。根据文章第四段“Progressiveorganizationsarealsoreconsideringtheirworkplaceculture.“They’rethinkingaboutchangingcultureandleadershiptobemuchmoretrust-based,impact-based,insteadofinput-based,like,Iseeyou,soIthinkyou’reproductive,’comparedto,‘Wow,Iseewhatyou’veaccomplished,andIknowyou’vebeenproductive,””Lovichsays.”（进步组织也在重新考虑他们的工作场所文化。洛维奇说：“他们正在考虑改变文化和领导力，使之更加基于信任、基于影响，而不是基于投入，比如，我看到你了，所以我认为你很有效率，”相比之下，“哇，我看到了你所取得的成就，我知道你很有成效。”）可知，进步组织重现考虑工作场所文化，是想让文化基于信任、影响，而不是基于投入。所以推测，这是因为可以增强信任和促进积极发展。C项“Tomakeemployeesfeeltrustedanddeveloppositively.”（让员工感到信任并积极发展。）符合推断，故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Lovichseesremoteworkasa“win-win”forcmployeeswhogetmoreflexibilityandemployerswhocanhirepeoplefromanywhereinthecountryoreventheworld.”（洛维奇将远程工作视为一种“双赢”，既有更灵活的员工，也有可以从全国甚至世界任何地方雇佣员工的雇主。）可知，洛维奇认为远程工作对于老板和员工都有利。D项“Itbenefitsbothbossesandworkers.”（这对老板和工人都有利。）符合原文表述，故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。浏览全文，根据文章中的“It’suncertainwhenmanyofficesmayreopen,butit’sclearthevirtualworkrevolutionthatbeganwiththepandemicisn’tgoingaway.”（许多办公室何时重新开放尚不确定，但很明显，始于疫情的远程工作革命不会消失。）可知，作者主要是想通过列举了AlexiaCambon和Lovich对于“远程工作”的看法，阐述了远程工作将继续存在。A项“Advantagesofvirtualwork.”（远程工作工作将继续存在。）符合题干，故选A项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Failureisprobablythemostexhaustingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding._____16_____Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitwaseithertooboringortoodifficult.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones._____17_____YearsagoIwasaskedtowrite102essaysonthegreatideasofsomefamousauthors.Applyingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritethemalphabetically,neverlettingmyselfleaveoutatoughidea.AndIalwaysstartedtheday'sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.Theexperienceprovedthattheruleworks._____18_____Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,howeverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcan--thenlettheunconscious（无意识的）takeover.WhenplanningEncyclopaediaBritannica,Ihadtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.___19___butnoneofthemworked.Myfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.Oneday,mentallyexhausted,Iwrotedownallthereasonswhythisproblemcouldnotbesolved.Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.Relieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind._____20_____ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.Humanbeings,Ibelievemusttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.A.Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.B.Wedoeverythingwecantogetourselvesoutofthisgloomysituation.C.Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:start-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.D.Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebefore,anddayafterdayIkeptcomingupwithsolutions.E.Thesolutionisobviousthough-perhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.F.What'smore,makinguseofyourunconsciousnesswiselyalsoproveseffectiveintacklingdifficulttasks.G.Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.D20.G【导语】这是一篇说明文。围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系展开论述，以亲身经历为例提出措施如何解决启动疲劳和执行疲劳。【16题详解】根据上文“Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding.（没有什么比不成功更累的了）”和下文“Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitwaseithertooboringortoodifficult.（在前一种情况下，我们总是推迟一项任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难）”可知，空格处应总的指出疲惫感分为两种情况，引出下文。选项C“Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:start-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.（我们以两种方式体验这种疲劳：启动疲劳和执行疲劳）”指出了两种疲劳，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】根据下文“AndIalwaysstartedtheday’sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.Theexperienceprovedthattheruleworks.（我每天的工作都是从写作这项艰巨的任务开始的。经验证明这条规则是有效的）”推知，前文应该指出了作者所说的规则是什么。选项E“Thesolutionisobviousthough-perhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.（解决方案很明显，但可能不容易应用：总是先处理最困难的工作）”恰好提出了一个规则，即先处理最困难的事，符合语境。故选E项。【18题详解】下文“Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.（尽管我们愿意开始工作，但我们似乎不能把工作做好）”指出我们愿意开始工作，即没有启动疲劳，可知本段开始讨论第二种疲劳：执行疲劳。选项A“Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.（执行疲劳更难处理）”符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】根据下文“butnoneofthemworked.（但是没有一个奏效）”可知空格处应该指出作者尝试了很多办法，都没有成功。选项D“Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebefore,anddayafterdayIkeptcomingupwithsolutions.（以前从来没有这样做过，我日复一日地不断提出解决方案）”表明作者反复提出了许多解决措施，符合语境。故选D项。【20题详解】根据上文“Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.（一个小时后，我突然醒来，脑海中清晰地浮现出解决方案）”和下文“ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.（虽然我和以前一样努力工作，但我并不感到疲劳）”推知，作者的方案是凑效的，因此他才没有觉得累。选项G“Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.（在接下来的几周里，我潜意识中想到的解决方案在每一步都被证明是正确的）”符合语境。故选G项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My7-year-olddaughteralwayshashernoseinabook.Sheevencontinuedreadinginthecaronthelongdrivetosummercamp,whereshelostthebook.Thisisthefirstlost___21___bookinmylife.Inmychildhood,myfamilyhadalwaysbeenexpectedtobe___22___,butwewerepoor,andIdidn’townbooks.Ihadtoborrowbooks.Mylibrarybookslivedona___23___shelfwhiletheyweremine,andit___24___mewhenIhadtoreturnthemtothelibraryonthedueday.However,mydaughterhasmorebooksnowthanIownedduringmywholechildhood.Soit’sprobablymy___25___thatshedidn’tcherishthebooks.“Sorry.Ican’tfindit.”Mydaughtersaidwithashrug,“Wejustpay$20forthebook.What’sthebig___26___?”Themissinglibrarybookjustmetwithacold___27___fromher,butitmetwithnail-biting___28___fromme.Iwalkedintothelibraryinadeep___29___asifIhadlostthebook.Feelingtheneedtomakeherfeelresponsibleforthebook,Iaskedhertodothechores.Sheagreedtocleanupallthepets’houses___30___mypayingthelibrarybook.I’dmeantthechoretobe___31___!Surprisingly,shewasenjoyingherself.Itookapictureofherlovelyback.So,wasIwinningorlosingat___32___?DidIteachherthe___33___ofkeepingalibrarybookifthepictureItookshowssheisworking___34___?Tomy___35___,mylittlegirlknewwhatmattersinherlife.Shecoulddevoteherselftothechoresasmuchasbooks.21.A.school B.reference C.story D.library22A.powerful B.practical C.academic D.employed23.A.wasted B.dusty C.present D.specific24.A.pained B.accompanied C.abandoned D.lost25.A.work B.reason C.fault D.duty26.A.worry B.question C.case D.deal27.A.shoulder B.power C.refusal D.excuse28.A.impression B.effort C.effect D.concern29.A.respect B.thought C.shame D.shock30.A.inneedof B.intradefor C.intermsof D.infavorof31.A.punishment B.recovery C.encouragement D.promise32.A.studying B.parenting C.arguing D.fighting33.A.ben