Unit3Theworldofscience现在完成时被动态详解与练习(原卷版)

必修3unit3现在完成时被动态观察以下句子：Allpreparationsforthetaskhavebeenpletedsofar.Theirlivingconditionshavebeenimprovedbecauseof5Gtechnologyinthepastfiveyears.Greatdiscoverieshavebeenmadesincespaceexplorationsincelastyear.Threefourthsofthehouseworkhasbeendonebythecoupleuptonow.Recentlythenewshasbeenspreadtoeverycorneroftheworld.总结规律：以上例句中的时态和语态是________________________结构为：_________________________以上句子中的时间状语分别为：______________;_____________;______________;____________;______________现在完成时被动态：概念：现在完成时概念：过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成影响。主语是行为动作的发出者。现在完成时被动态概念：过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成影响。主语是行为动作的承受着。结构：肯定式have/has+been+v.ed否定式have/has+not+been+v.ed一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+been+v.ed?特殊疑问句疑问词+have/has+been+v.ed?举例说明：Hehasbeenrecognizedasarolemodelsinceheenteredthemiddleschool.自从他进入初中以来一直是别人的榜样。改为否定式：________________________________________________________改为一般疑问句：________________________________________________________（对划线部分提问）Hehasbeenrecognizedasarolemodelsinceheenteredthemiddleschool.特殊问句形式：___________________________________________________________二、现在完成时被动态的基本用法:(1)表示被动的动作从过去开始，对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。Hehasn’tbeenemployedyet.他还没有被雇佣。Theproblemhasalreadybeensettledbyus.问题已经被我们解决了。Recentlyaheateddiscussionhasbeencarriedout.近来，一场热议已经开展。Suchabettersonghasneverbeenheardbyme.我从未听过这么好听的歌曲。表示被动的动作从过去开始，对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“Howlong..?”中。ThewaystolearnPekingOperahavebeenintroducedtoussincetheoldartistcametoourschool.自从老艺术家来我们学校以来介绍给我们很多京剧的学习方法。Thefinancialprobleminthepoorcountryhasbeendiscussedonlineforthewholeweek.这个穷苦国家的经济问题已经在线上讨论一整个星期了。Howlonghasthebookbeenkeptbyyou?你借这本书多久了？用在时间或条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替一般现在时，强调动作的完成。Ifthetaskhasbeenfinished,youwillgetareward.如果你完成这个任务，你会得到一个奖励。Theycannotgotravellingbeforethecarhasbeenrepairedwell.车修好了，他们才去旅游。三、现在完成时被动态的注意事项1.某些不及物动词或短语没有被动态，也就不会有现在完成时的被动态。常见的不及物动词：happen,occur,fail,exist,appear,remain,rise等常见的不及物动词短语：takeplace“发生”,breakout“战争或疾病等爆发”,breakin“闯入”,eabout“发生”,consistof“由...组成”,eup“被提出”等。2.使用现在完成时被动态的时间状语为：sofar“到目前为止”,untilnow“到目前为止”,tillnow“到目前为止”,uptonow“到目前为止”,bynow“到现在为止”，over/inthelast/past+短时间“在过去的一段时间里”,for+段时间等。用于固定结构或句式中①Itisthefirsttimethat...(that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时)“这是第几次......”②Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since...(since从句中的谓语动词为一般过去式)“自从......已经一段时间了”举例：Itisthesecondtimethathehastakenpartintheschoolfootballmatch.这是他第二次参加学校足球比赛。Ithasbeen/isthreehourssincehebegantowritethereport.自从他开始写报告已经3个小时了。巩固练习：(1)单句语法填空①．Thesystem_____________(design)togivetheusersquickandeasyaccesstotherequiredinformationsincelastyear.②．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thesedaysourlife_________________(change)totally.③．I______________(offer)alargesumofmoneytogoawayuntilnow,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.④．GreatadvancesinEnglish________________(make)duetotheireffortinthelasttenyears.⑤.Withmoreeffectivemeasuresputinplace,thedisease________________(bring)undercontrolsofar.⑥Yourband_______________(form)foralongtimeandIbelieveyouradvicewillenablemetobeacceptedsuccessfully.⑦Overthepastthreeyears,mylife______________(turn)upsidedown.⑧He______________(tell)manytimes,buthestillmakesthesamemistakes.⑨Aworkingparty(setup)tolookintothemattersincetheaccidenthappened.⑩Thenewtechnology(apply)tofarminguptonow.(2)单项选择1．Alargequantityofairconditioners________sincethesummercame.A．hassold B．havesold C．hasbeensold D．havebeensold2．Itisthefirsttimethathe_______byadog.A．havebitten B．hasbitten C．havebeenbitten D．hasbeenbitten3．Everypossiblemethod_____,butnoneseemstomakethingsworkout.A．hasbeentried B．tried C．isbeingtried D．hastried4．HarryPorter,whichislikedbymanystudents,________intoseveraldifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A．hadbeenmadeB．hasbeenmade C．wasmade D．wouldbemade5．SofarthelighthousesalongNorthCarolina’scoast_____assignsofsafetyfortravellersatsea.A．hasbeenrecognizedB．hasrecognizedC．recognized D．havebeenrecognized6．Thedictionaryisoutofdate.Manyaword___________tothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.A．havebeenadded B．wereadded C．hasbeenadded D．wasadded7．Inthepasttenyears,alargeamountofenvironmentaldamage________bythedestructionoftherainforests.A．werecaused B．wascausedC．havebeencaused D．hasbeencaused8．—Canyouseetheflowersthat______aspresentsforyourmother’sbirthday?—Yes.Theyaresobeautiful.A．arebuying B．willbuy C．havebrought D．havebeenbought9．Thisisoneofthebestfilms________.A．thathasshownthisyear B．thathaveshownthisyearC．thathasbeenshownthisyear D．thathavebeenshownthisyear10．Michelangelo,aswellassomeotherartists,________as“artists”ratherthan“technicians”,whichmeansartandtechnologyhavealwaysbeenseenastwoseparatethings.A．hasbeenlabelling B．havebeenlabelling,C．hasbeenlabelled D．havebeenlabelled11．ItisthefirsttimethatsuchgrandAsianGames______inHangzhoucity.A．areheld B．havebeenheld C．hadbeenheld D．wereheld12．______isknownthatwiththehelpofhightechnology,moreand