安徽省安庆市桐城中学2023-2024学年高二上学期第二次教学质量检测英语试卷

桐城中学20232024学年度上学期第二次教学质量检测高二英语试卷注意事项：1.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上；满分150分，时间120分钟。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。卷I选择题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdoesthemanusuallygotothecity?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.2.Whatmattersmosttothewomaninchoosingahotel?A.Theprice.B.Thefood.C.Thesurroundings.3.Whatdidthewomanlikeinherchildhood?A.Reading.B.Exercising.C.Travelling.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweatherreport?A.Itistimely.B.Itisinaccurate.C.Itisscientific.5.WhydoesMonicajointheTaiChiclub?A.Totrysomethingnew.B.TolearnChineseculture.C.Todohighimpactsports.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthekitchen.B.Inahotel.C.Atagrocerystore.7.Whataretheygoingtoeattonight?A.Rice.B.Salad.C.Potatoesandcarrots.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatprobablyisthewoman'sjob?A.Areporter.B.Abusinesswoman.C.Anartist.9.Whatwillbeexhibited?A.Famouspaintings.B.Impressivefashions.C.Oldphotographs.10.Wherewilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.Intheshoppingmall.B.Oppositethenewsbuilding.C.Onthe17thMainStreet.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdoesthewomangetadrivingpermit?A.Bywaitingforsixmonths.B.Bypassingawrittentestandaroadtest.CBytakingdrivingschoolandpassingatest.12.Wherecanthewomangetherdrivinglicense?A.Adrivingschool.B.TheDMV.C.Amarket.13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoaftershegetsherdrivinglicense?A.Buyanewcar.B.Gotoschoolbycar.C.Celebratewithherfriends.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howdidthespeakersmeettheirfriendsintheirteens?A.Bywaitingbythephone.B.Bytextingtoeachother.C.Bycallingwithasmartphone.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftexting?A.Itisuseless.B.Itisconvenient.C.Itistiring.16.Whatarealotofoldmovieplotsabout?A.Friendship.B.Telephones.C.Missedmunication.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Importanceofsharing.B.Effectsofoversharing.C.Waysofpostingonline.18.Whyaresomepeopleeagertotellyoueverythingabouttheirlife?A.Theywanttoshowoff.B.Theywantyouradvice.C.Theywanttoconnect.19.Whatisaresultofpostingtoomanydetailsofyourlivesonline?A.Peopleshowlessinterest.B.Peoplewanttoknowmore.C.Peopleappreciateyourposts.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremendattheend?A.Hidingourfeelings.B.Sharingpositiveposts.C.Avoidingpostingonline.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ABikeRental&GuidedToursWeletoAmsterdam,weletoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalpanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(刹车),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排挡),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00GuidedCityToursThe2.5hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.1.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount. B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours. D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.3.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游操作方式，价格等细节。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(刹车),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排挡),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.(我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.(旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。【点睛】B“Dowhatyoulove,notwhatotherstellyouisright,”saysGeorgiaLinesofNewZealand.Ispokewiththe24yearoldsingersongwriterearlierthismonthaboutherrisetofame.In2022,LineswasnamedbreakthroughartistoftheyearattheannualAotearoamusicawardsceremony.AotearoaistheMaorinameforNewZealand,anislandcountryinthePacificOceanthatishometomorethan5.1millionpeople.Linesmakessuccesslookeasy,butshehasworkedhardtoperfectherskills.“IlovewhatIdo,”shetoldme.“IloveitwhenIgetlostinmusic,andeverythingworkstogether.”Already,LineshasopenedforpopsingerGeorgeEzra.Shehopes“toopenforHarryStylesoneday,”sheadded.Lineshaswrittenmorethan20songsandworkedtogetherwithseveraltopartists,includingJackBurton,AlexJamesandCassieHenderson.“Iloveworkingwithotherpeopleandcooperating,”Linessaid.“IfindIworkbetterwhenI’mwithothers,becausewecanexchangeideaswitheachother.”Whenaskedabouthermusicalambitiongrowingup,Linessmiled.“Iwasneveramusicalgeniusasachild,”shesaid.“ButIalwayslovedsingingandmusic.”Inrecentyears,Lineshasdrawnenthusiasticcrowdsforherconcerts.Thevideoforherhitsong,“NoOneKnows”,wonbestmusicvideooftheyearinNewZealandin2021.Asforherfuturegoals,Linessaidthatshewants“tohaveapromisingcareerandtokeepdoingwhatIlove.”Thatmeansfocusingonherowncareerandartisticachievements.“parisonistherobberofsuccess,“shesaid.“IfIhadstoppedtoparemyselfwithothers,Iwouldn’thavemadeitasfarasIhave.”4.Whatisthemaintopicoftheauthor’sconversationwithLines?A.Herchildhood. B.Herfamily.C.Herstyleofmusic. D.Herwaytosuccess.5.WhatdoweknowaboutLinesfromparagraph5?A.Shelikesteamwork. B.Sherespectstopartistsmost.C.Shehasagiftformusic. D.Shealwayslovesmusic.6.WhatisLinestryingtoavoiddoing?A.Valuingmoneytoomuch. B.Ignoringherfuturecareer.C.paringherselfwithothers. D.Takingothers’suggestions.7.WhichwordbestdescribesLines?A.Honest. B.Knowledgeable. C.Hardworking. D.Kindhearted.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是GeorgiaLines的星路历程。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ispokewiththe24yearoldsingersongwriterearlierthismonthaboutherrisetofame.(本月早些时候，我采访了这位24岁的创作型歌手，谈论了她的成名之路。)”可知，作者与Lines对话的主题是她的成功之路。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的“Iloveworkingwithotherpeopleandcooperating(我喜欢和别人一起工作和合作)”可知，从第五段我们可以知道她喜欢团队合作。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的““parisonistherobberofsuccess,“shesaid.“IfIhadstoppedtoparemyselfwithothers,Iwouldn’thavemadeitasfarasIhave.”(“攀比是成功的强盗，”她说。“如果我停下来和别人比较，我就不会取得现在的成就。”)”可知，Lines试图避免拿自己和别人比较。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Linesmakessuccesslookeasy,butshehasworkedhardtoperfectherskills.(Lines让成功看起来很容易，但她一直在努力完善自己的技能。)”可知，她很勤奋，可以用hardworking来描述她，故选C。CAstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That’sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated(孤立的).Socialisolationhasbeenassociatedwiththerisksforheartdiseaseandthedeclineofrecognitionabilitiesinseniorsandthepandemic(疫情)increasedtherisksduetotheneedforseniorstostayhomeandisolate,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheuniversity.Theresearchersinvestigatedthepotentialbenefitsofweeklyvirtualvisitsforathreemonthperiod.Theparticipantswerepeopleaged65andolderwholivedinMontreal.Halfoftheparticipantstookpartinonlinevisitsandadiscussionafterwards,whilethecontrolgroupdidnotparticipateinanyculturaleventsatall.Thegroupwhoparticipatedinthevirtualvisitsshowedimprovementsintheirqualityoflife.“Ourstudyshowedthatartbasedactivitiesmaybeaneffectiveintervention,”leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet,aprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal,saidinthepressrelease.“Onaglobalscale,thisparticipatoryartbasedactivitycouldbeeamodelthatcouldbeofferedinmuseumsandartsinstitutionsworldwidetopromoteactiveandhealthyaging.”TheinitiativereflectsapproachesremendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationtomanagecertaindiseases,accordingtoBeauchet.Forinstance,theWHOlaunchedtheAgingandHealthProgramin2015thatincludedusingmunitybasedorganizationstopromotecultureasakeyponentofimprovinghealth.Traditionally,thesesortsofpreventivehealthactivitieshavetakenplaceinschools,munitycenters,andworkplaces.“Whilethesearesuitablelocationsthatreachagreatnumberofpeople,thereareadditionalorganizationsandsectorsthatcouldbeepartnersinpublichealthresearchandpracticedevelopment,”Beauchetsaid.“Museumsareamongsuchpotentialpartners.Theyareawareoftheneedsoftheirmunitiesandareconsequentlyexpandingthetypesofactivitiestheyoffer.”8.Howdoseniorsbenefitfromregularvirtualvisitstomuseums?A.Theygetsurvivalskills. B.Theyraiseinterestinart.C.Theyimprovequalityoflife. D.Theyconnectmorewithfamily.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeauchet’swordsinParagraph3?A.Participantsefromthewholeworld. B.Themuseumneedsbetterculturalevents.C.Facetofacediscussionisausefulintervention. D.Seniorsshouldattendmoreartbasedactivities.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toadvocate. B.Toentertain. C.Toadvertise. D.Towarn.11.Whichmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheAgedFormamunitytoReduceLonelinessB.VirtualArtbasedActivitiesBringPeopleTogetherCOnlineMuseumTripsImproveSeniors’WellbeingD.RetiredIndividualsPayMoreVisitstoMuseums【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒙特利尔大学和蒙特利尔美术博物馆发表在《医学前沿》上的一项研究，发现定期虚拟参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健康益处。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That’sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated(孤立的).(蒙特利尔大学和蒙特利尔美术博物馆发表在《医学前沿》上的一项研究发现，定期虚拟参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健康益处。这是因为这些数字联系可以让退休人员感到不那么孤独和孤立)”可知，老年人从定期虚拟参观博物馆中提高了生活质量，故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中““Ourstudyshowedthatartbasedactivitiesmaybeaneffectiveintervention,”leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet,aprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal,saidinthepressrelease.“Onaglobalscale,thisparticipatoryartbasedactivitycouldbeeamodelthatcouldbeofferedinmuseumsandartsinstitutionsworldwidetopromoteactiveandhealthyaging.”(“我们的研究表明，以艺术为基础的活动可能是一种有效的干预，”蒙特利尔大学教授、该研究的主要作者奥利维尔·博切特博士在新闻发布会上说。“在全球范围内，这种参与性的艺术活动可以成为一种模式，可以在世界各地的博物馆和艺术机构中提供，以促进积极和健康的老龄化。”)”可知，从第三段伯切特的话中可以推断出老年人应该参加更多的艺术活动。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TheinitiativereflectsapproachesremendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationtomanagecertaindiseases,accordingtoBeauchet.Forinstance,theWHOlaunchedtheAgingandHealthProgramin2015thatincludedusingmunitybasedorganizationstopromotecultureasakeyponentofimprovinghealth.(伯切特说，这一倡议反映了世界卫生组织推荐的管理某些疾病的方法。例如，世卫组织于2015年启动了老龄化与健康规划，其中包括利用社区组织促进文化，将其作为改善健康的关键组成部分)”可推知，最后一段的目的是为了提倡和号召老龄化与健康规划。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That’sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated(孤立的).(蒙特利尔大学和蒙特利尔美术博物馆发表在《医学前沿》上的一项研究发现，定期虚拟参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健康益处。这是因为这些数字联系可以让退休人员感到不那么孤独和孤立)”结合文章主要讲的是定期虚拟参观博物馆，可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健康益处。故C选项“在线博物馆之旅改善老年人的健康”最符合文章标题。故选C。DClimatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworldcausingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.Increasingglobaltemperaturescauseswatertoriseintotheairinlargeramounts,whichwillleadtohigherlevelsofatmosphericwatervaporandmorefrequent,heavy,andintenserainsintheingyears.Climatescientistspredictthatthisshiftwillleadtomorefloodssincemorewaterwillfallthanvegetationandsoilcanabsorb.Theremainingwater,orrunoff,flowsintonearbywaterways,pickingupcontaminantslikefertilizers(肥料)ontheway.Toomuchrunoffeventuallytravelstolargerbodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewatersupplyandlimitingwateraccessforhumansandecosystems.Whenfertilizersfromfarmingwashintolakesandtheocean,theypromotetherapidgrowthofalgae(藻类).Theseresultingalgalbloomsfillcoastsandwaterwayswithcloudsofgreen,bluegreen,red,orbrownalgae.Theyblocksunlightfromreachingunderwaterlifeandreduceoxygenlevelswithinthewater.Poisonsfromthealgaecankillofffishandotheraquaticanimals,makepeoplesick,andevenkillhumans.Thesepoisonsareespeciallydangerousbecausetheycansurviverainfallprocesses,makingtapwaterunfittoconsumeoncecontaminated.Algalbloomsalsoimpactindustriesthatrelyonthewaterforbusiness,andoftencauselocalwaterfrontstoshutdownduringblooms.Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessentheimpactofclimatechange.Somemeasuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesorbuyinglocallygrownproduce,sinceproduceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfarawaybytrucks,whichaddmorecarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkorrideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.12.Whatisaconsequenceofclimatechangeaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Extremeweather. B.Watersupply. C.Watercycle. D.Pollutedatmosphere.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminants”inparagraph2mean?A.Nutrients. B.Soils. C.Pollutants. D.Organisms.14.Whatdoestheauthortellustodointhelastparagraph?A.Mastersomewaystodofarmingwork. B.Buymoreforeignfruitsandvegetables.C.Havearegularexerciselikewalking. D.Formsomehabitsofreducingcarbondioxide.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.CausesofClimateChange. B.HarmClimateChangeDoestoHumans.C.ImpactsofClimateChangeonWaterAccess. D.WaystoLessentheImpactsofClimateChange.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。而我们每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworld,causingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.(气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。气候变化通过影响降雨的时间、地点和数量来影响水循环。随着时间的推移，这也会导致更严重的天气事件。)”可知，气候变化会引起极端天气。故选A项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第二段“Theremainingwater,orrunoff,flowsintonearbywaterways,pickingupcontaminantslikefertilizersontheway.Toomuchrunoffeventuallytravelstolargerbodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewatersupplyandlimitingwateraccessforhumansandecosystems.(剩余的水或径流会流入附近的水道，在途中收集肥料等的。过多的径流最终会流向更大的水体，如湖泊和海洋，从而破坏供水，限制人类和生态系统的用水。)”可知，最终这些径流会破坏人类和生态系统的用水，所以猜测contaminants应表示“污染物”。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessentheimpactofclimatechange.Somemeasuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesorbuyinglocallygrownproduce,sinceproduceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfarawaybytrucks,whichaddmorecarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkorrideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.(每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。一些措施包括种植自己的水果和蔬菜，或购买当地种植的农产品，因为农产品通常由卡车从很远的地方运到杂货店，这会增加大气中的二氧化碳。你也可以步行或骑自行车代替开车。)”可知，我们可以做很多事来来减轻气候变化的影响。其中包括做一些可减少二氧化碳的事情。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworld,causingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.Increasingglobaltemperaturescauseswatertoriseintotheairinlargeramounts,whichwillleadtohigherlevelsofatmosphericwatervaporandmorefrequent,heavy,andintenserainsintheingyears.(气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。气候变化通过影响降雨的时间、地点和数量来影响水循环。随着时间的推移，这也会导致更严重的天气事件。全球气温升高会导致更多的水上升到空气中，这将导致未来几年更高水平的大气水蒸气和更频繁的暴雨。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲述气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水。所以C项ImpactsofClimateChangeonWaterAccess.(气候变化对用水的影响)符合文意。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’smontofeelhungryandtakeasnackthroughouttheday.____16____Butifyoufindyourselfalwaysfeelinghungryandreachingforasnack,youmightaskyourself:AmIreallyhungry,oramIbored?Whattypeofhunger?Therearedifferenttypesofhunger:Physicalhungerandpsychological(心理的)hunger.Ifyouarefeelingphysicaleffectsofhunger,likearumbling(辘辘声的)stomachoraheadache,yourbodyisinneedoffoodtokeepgoing.Butifyou“think”you’rehungry,itmightbepsychologicalhunger.Hungerisanormalsensethatmakesyouwanttoeat.Yourbodytellsyourbrainthatyourstomachisempty.Avoidgoinglongperiodswithouteatingoreatingverylargemeals.____17____AmIhungry?Onetiptoavoidfillingyourpsychologicalhungeristowait20to30minutesafteryoufirst“feel”hungry.____18____Ifyouhavesomeillnessthatrequiresbloodsugarlevels,thenyou’llwanttofollowyourdoctor’ssuggestions.Planahead____19____Haveanideatofillthetimeandavoidboredom,liketakingawalk,readingabookorpletingatask.Keepingafooddiaryforaweekcanbeapowerfultoolforyoutobeemoreawareofyoureatinghabitsandpossiblecausesforemotionaleating.____20____Often,beingthirstyanddehydration(脱水)canbemisunderstoodashunger.Nexttimeyouwantasnack,trydrinkingaglassofwaterfirst!A.Youarestrugglingwithbeingfat.B.Youcantakemeasuresinadvanceforit.C.Moreover,youcantrydrinkingaglassofwater.D.Hungerusuallymakessomepeoplefeelunhappy.E.If,afterthattime,youarestillhungry,it’stimetoeat.F.Infact,ifitisdoneproperly,there’snothingwrongwithit.G.Instead,takeamomenttoconsiderthetypeofhungerbeforeeating.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明如何分辨自己是否是真的饥饿，以及解决无聊时不断进食的问题。【16题详解】根据前文“It’smontofeelhungryandtakeasnackthroughouttheday.(一天中感到饥饿和吃零食是很常见的)”可知，一感到饥饿就吃东西是一种普遍现象，F项“事实上，如果做得好，并没有什么问题”是对上句的承接，且F项中的假设“ifitisdoneproperly”与下句中的假设“Butifyoufindyourselfalwaysfeelinghungryandreachingforasnack(但如果你发现自己总是觉得饿，想要吃点零食)”形成对比，引出了下句，故选F。【17题详解】根据本段小标题“Whattypeofhunger?(什么类型的饥饿？)”以及前文“Avoidgoinglongperiodswithouteatingoreatingverylargemeals.(避免长时间不吃东西或吃得太多)”可知，本段主要是讲要区分饥饿类型，空处与前文是讲述区分饥饿类型后建议采取的措施，G项“相反，在吃东西之前，花点时间考虑一下饥饿的类型”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】上文“Onetiptoavoidfillingyourpsychologicalhungeristowait20to30minutesafteryoufirst‘feel’hungry.(避免填补心理饥饿感的一个建议是，在你第一次‘感到’饥饿后再等20到30分钟)”提到第一次‘感到’饥饿后再等20到30分钟，空处应是描述这段时间之后的情况，E项“如果过了这段时间，你还是觉得饿，那就该吃东西了”顺承上文，符合语境，E项中的“thattime”指代上文的“20to30minutes”，故选E。【19题详解】根据小标题“Planahead(提前计划)”可知，本段主要是说要提前计划，B项“你可以提前采取措施”与小标题呼应，故选B。【20题详解】上文“Haveanideatofillthetimeandavoidboredom,liketakingawalk,readingabookorpletingatask.Keepingafooddiaryforaweekcanbeapowerfultoolforyoutobeemoreawareofyoureatinghabitsandpossiblecausesforemotionaleating.(想一个办法来填补时间，避免无聊，比如散步，读书或完成一项任务。保持一周的饮食日记可以成为一个强大的工具，让你更加了解你的饮食习惯和可能导致情绪化饮食的原因)”提到了两个具体的应对假性饥饿的措施，C项“此外，你可以试着喝一杯水”也是一个应对措施，同时引出下文“Often,beingthirstyanddehydration(脱水)canbemisunderstoodashunger.Nexttimeyouwantasnack,trydrinkingaglassofwaterfirst!(通常，口渴和脱水会被误解为饥饿。下次你想吃零食的时候，试着先喝杯水)”有关饥饿和饮水的叙述，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）JoeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesMountains.Theyreachedthetop____21____,butontheirwaybackconditionswerevery____22____.Joefellandbrokehisleg.TheybothknewthatifSimon____23____alone,hewouldprobablygetbacksafely.ButSimondecidedtoriskhis____24____andtrytolowerJoedownthemountainonarope.Astheywentdown,theweathergotworse.Thenanother____25____occurred.Theycouldn'tseeorheareachotherand,____26____,Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁).Itwas____27____forJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe's____28____waspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice.____29____,aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold,Simonhadtomakeadecision.Intears,hecuttherope.Joe____30____intoahugecrevasse(裂缝)intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Hecouldn'twalk,buthe____31____togetoutofthecrevasseandstartedto____32____towardstheircamp,nearlytenkilometresaway.Simonhad____33____thecampatthefootofthemountain.HethoughtthatJoemustbe____34____,buthedidn'twanttoleaveimmediately.Threedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe'svoice.Hecouldn't____35____it.Joewasthere,afewmetresfromtheirtent,stillalive.21.A.hurriedly B.carefully C.instantly D.successfully22.A.difficult B.stable C.special D.normal23.A.climbed B.continued C.worked D.rested24.A.fortune B.time C.health D.life25.A.damage B.change C.trouble D.storm26.A.bymistake B.bychance C.bychoice D.bydesign27.A.unnecessary B.practical C.important D.impossible28.A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment29.A.Casually B.Patiently C.Finally D.Quickly30.A.jumped B.fell C.escaped D.backed31.A.waited B.planned C.managed D.hoped32.A.move B.run C.skate D.march33.A.headedfor B.travelledto C.leftfor D.returnedto34.A.dead B.hurt C.weak D.late35.A.find B.make C.believe D.accept【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.D25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.C32.A33.D34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了英国登山家乔•辛普森和西蒙•耶茨攀登秘鲁境内安第斯山脉的SiulaGrande峰时的遭遇，他们成功在西坡登顶。但是在下山时却遇到了困难，乔腿部受伤，西蒙不得不放弃乔，西蒙本以为乔会死掉，结果三天后，乔奇迹般的走回了营地。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们成功地到达了山顶，但是在返回的路上情况非常艰难。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.carefully仔细地；C.instantly立刻；D.successfully成功地；根据上文“JoeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesmountains”可知，他们成功地到达了山顶。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们成功地到达了山顶，但是在返回的路上情况非常艰难。A.difficult困难的；B.stable稳定的；C.special特别的；D.normal正常的。根据下文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，下山的路是很艰难的，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都知道，如果西蒙继续一个人走，他很可能会安全的回来。A.climbed爬；B.continued继续；C.worked工作；D.rested休息。根据上文可知，乔受伤了，所以西蒙如果不管乔，一个人继续下山，他很可能会安全的回来。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是西蒙决定冒着生命危险，试着用绳子把乔吊下山。A.fortune财富；B.time时间；C.health健康；D.life生活，生命。在困难的情况下西蒙带上受伤的同伴是在冒着生命的危险。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后另一个麻烦随之而来。A.damage损坏；B.change改变；C.trouble麻烦；D.storm暴风雨。根据上文可知乔受伤就是一个麻烦事了，所以天气的恶劣对他们来说是另一个麻烦。故选C。【26题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他们看不见对方，也听不见对方说话，西蒙误把他的朋友放在了悬崖边。A.bymistake错误地；B.bychance偶然地；C.bychoice出于选择；D.bydesign故意地，蓄意地。由于恶劣的天气他们看不清楚也听不清楚，因而西蒙错误地把乔用绳子放到了悬崖边，故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔不可能爬回来，西蒙也不可能把他拉上来。A.unnecessary没必要的；B.practical实际的；C.important重要的；D.impossible不可能的。因为乔受了伤，而又是在悬崖边，所以对于乔来说爬上来是不可能的，西蒙也是不可能下去救他，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔的重量慢慢地把西蒙拉向悬崖。A.height高度；B.weight重量；C.strength力气；D.equipment设备。根据故事内容可知西蒙是在用绳子把乔往山下送，所以能影响到西蒙的是乔的重量，故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后，西蒙不得不做出决定。A.Casually随意地；B.Patiently耐心地；C.Finally最终，最后；D.Quickly快地。西蒙坚持到最后，不忍心放弃他的同伴，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔掉入了一个巨大的裂缝下面的冰上。A.jumped跳；B.fell摔倒，掉下；C.escaped逃脱；D.backed支持。根据上文“Intears,hecuttherope.”可知，他割掉绳子，所以乔是摔了下去。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不能走路，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向他们的营地移动，近10公里远。A.waited等待；B.planned计划；C.managed管理；D.hoped希望。根据下文可知乔成功的爬回营地，活了下来。所以这是他设法走出裂缝的结果。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不能走路，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向他们的营地移动，近10公里远。A.move移动；B.run跑，经营；C.skate滑冰；D.march行军。因为乔受伤了，所以是慢慢移动着。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：西蒙已经回到山脚下的营地。A.headedfor朝......进发；B.travelledto旅行去某地；C.leftfor动身去......；D.returnedto回到。根据下文“hedidn'twanttoleave”可知，他回到营地了，故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他认为乔一定是死了，但他不想马上离开。A.dead死的；B.hurt受伤的；C.weak虚弱的；D.late迟的。根据常识可知，在那种极端的情况下，他以为乔会死掉，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他简直不敢相信。A.find发现；B.make使，制作；C.believe相信；D.accept接受。根据下文“Joewasthere，afewmetersfromtheirtent，stillalive.”可知他没想到乔会活着回来，所以不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。卷Ⅱ非选择题第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ItisnosecretthatChinahasan____36____(incredible)rich,plexandancienthistoryandculture.MyfirstexposuretoChineseculturecameataveryearlyage,totallybychance.At8,Iwalkedintoabookshopandpickedabookfromoneofthe____37____(shelf).Nevertheless,thebookturnedouttobethe“TaoTeChing,”adeeplyphilosophicalbookofTaoism.As____38____8yearold,thebook’scontentwasobviouslylostonme,butitprovidedmewithanearlyconnectiontoaprofoundphilosophicaltraditionby____39____Iamstillinfluencedtoday.AtschoolIbeganstudyingChinese.Myinterestinthelanguagedevelopedearlyon,____40____(bine)myloveoftravellingwithmyloveofmeetingnewpeople.IamluckyenoughtohavelivedinChinaforthreeyears.Itwasagoodopportunityformetoexperiencethe____41____(nation)diversecustomsandtraditions.Cultureandfoodarecloselyconnectedandperhapsnowhereelsecanthisbeseenmoreclearly____42____inChina.Inrecentyearsthere____43___