寒假预习Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains人教版英语八年级下册

寒假预习八年级下册Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.一、知识点讲解：重点、考点：本单元常考短语（必记）：onceuponatime从前insteadof代替、反而o变成getmarried结婚beborn出生assoonas一......就、尽快必背句子：Assoonasthemanfinishedtalking，YuGongsaidthathisfamilycouldcontinuetomovethemountainsafterhedied.这个人一说完，愚公就说，他死后他的家人将继续移山Becausetheyweresobigthatittookalongtimetowalktotheotherside.因为它们如此之大，以至于花了很长时间走到另一边。Hecannotturnhimselfintoapersonunlesshecanhidehistail.他不能把自己变成人，除非他能隐藏他的尾巴。我们熟知的那些故事Journeytothewest西游记 YuGongMovesaMountain愚公移山HouYiShootstheSuns后羿射日 NuWaRepairstheSky女娲补天一、Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.一位老人试图移山。try是动词，意为“试图，设法” 如：我正设法算出这道数学题。（workout ）动词try还表示“试”、“尝试”，“试用”你试过种药了吗？ 拓展：try搭配的词组：trytodosth设法做某事； trydoingsth尝试做某事 tryone’sbest尽全力； haveatry试一下。tryon试穿； tryout尝试，实验；小试牛刀1：翻译我们的老师总是尝试一些新的想法。 Lucy将尽力赶上其他同学。 catchone’s 让我试一下。 HouYishootsthesuns.后羿射日Shoot“射击、发射”其过去式和过去分词都是shot，现在分词为shootingShootthearrowatthetarget有的放矢区分：Ahuntershotabird猎人击中了一只鸟Look！Ahunterisshootingatabird.Canheshootit？瞧！猎人正在瞄准一只鸟，他能击中它吗？shoot“打死（某人或某物）”（强调结果）shootat“向（某人或某物）”开火，射击（强调动作）Howdoesthestorybegin？故事是怎样开始的？（将来时，in+一段时间）（一段时间）1、与how有关的短语：howbig多大、howfar多远、howsoon多久、howlong多长、howoften多少一次、howwide多宽、howmany\much多少小试牛刀：翻译这条街多宽？ 2.从车站到超市多远？ Finally,agodwasmovedbyyugongthathesenttwogodstotakethemountainsaway.最后，上帝被愚公感动了，于是派了两个神仙移走了大山。1、wasmoved“被感动”Iwasmovedbythesadstory.我被这个悲伤的故事感动了。moving“感人的”在句中作表语或者定语Themovieismoving这部电影是感人的2、take...away“带走、拿走”Whotookawaymypen？3、so...that...如此......以至于引导结果状语从句sothat以便、为了引导目的状语从句Sheissoexcitedthatshecries.....（结果是：掉眼泪）Shestudieshardsothatshecanpastthefinallyexam.（目的：通过考试）请比较：so...that如此......以至于（that+否定句）与too...to太...而不能（否定含义）Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tsayaword.他如此生气以至于说不出一句话。Hewastooangrytosayaworld他太生气而不能说一句话。so....that（形容、副词）与such...that（名词）so+形容词/副词+that+从句，如：ThisstoryissointerestingthatIwanttoreaditagain.这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。HespokesoquicklythatIcouldn'tfollowhim.他说得如此快以至我不能跟上他。so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词／不可数名词+that+从句，如果句中的名词是单数可数名词，其前就要用不定冠词a或an，如果是复数可数名词或者不可数名词，前面就不用冠词，如：Sheissolovelyagirlthateveryoneloveshim她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句，如：Sheissuchalovelygirlthateveryonelovesher.她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。ItissuchaninterestingstorythatIwanttoreaditagain.这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次。④such+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that+从句，如：Heshowedsuchconcernthatpeopletookhimtobearelative.他表现得如此关心以致于人们都把他当作亲戚了。总结：so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。小试牛刀：so…that、such…that、sothat、too...to的用法练习题一．用so,such填空Hewas_______excitedthathecouldn'tgetsleep. Thisteacheris_________kindthatwealllikehim. Heran____________quicklythatweallcouldn'tcatchupwithhim. Thisis_____________interestingabookthatweallebjoyreadingit. Theyare__________interetingbooksthatweallenjoyreadingthem. Hehas________manybooksthatIcan'tcountthem. Thisis________aninterestingbookthatweallenjoyreadingit. 二．填空（每空一词）Thelittleboysavedeverycoin______________hecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以致于大喊大叫。WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygot______excited______theycriedout.Davidwassocarelessthathedidn'tfindthemistakesinhistestpaper.(变为简单句)Davidwas__________careless________findthemistakesinhistestpaper.Davidwasn’tenoughtofindthemistakesinhistestpaper.so...that...（否定句）too..to..（含否定）否定句+enoughtodosthThisstoryremindsusthatyoucanneverknowwhat’spossibleunlessyoutrytomakeithappen.这个故事提醒我们，你永远不能知道什么是可能的，除非你试图让它发生。1、remind“提醒、使想起”remind+sb+that从句/what从句“提醒某人去做某事”或者“使某人想起去做某事”。Wouldyoupleaseremindhimthatourmeetinghasbeenputoff？请你提醒他我们的会议推迟了好吗？ remindsbofdoingsth“提醒某人做某事.....”remind常与介词about或者of连用， remindsbof/aboutsth“是某人想起......”Iwanttoremindyouoftherulesforschoolparties.关于学校晚会，有几个规定我想提醒你们Didyouremindhimaboutthatbookheborrowed？你提醒过他借走的那本书了吗？unless“除非......”引导条件状语从句Youneverplaywellunlessyoupracticemore.你若不多加练习永远都弹不好。If和unless引导的条件状语从句（If...not...=unless）一、学习if引导的条件状语从句的用法，我们可先从如下的口诀入手：If条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；条件句，放在前，逗号要句中间;条件句表可能，主句多用将来时； 条件：(主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现）条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。Wecanwalkthereifwecan’tfindabus.如果我们找不到公车，也能走路去那里主句条件状语从句Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.如果明天下雨，我们就不去动物园条件状语从句主句Whatwillyougoifyoufindsomeoneindanger?主句条件状语从句If条件句有不同的类型，简述如下：1.用if条件句表达客观真理或普通现象If条件句用于表达客观真理或普通现象时，主句，从句时态均用一般现在时，如：Ifyoufreezewater,itturnsintoice.2.用if条件句表示将来可能发生的事情在表示将来可能发生的事情的if条件句中，主句用一般将来时，而if从句用一般现在时表示将来的时间，即主将从现IfIlikethehouse,Iwillbuyit.如果我喜欢这房子，我就会把它买下IwilltellherifIseeher.如果我见到她，我就会告诉她。主句中的will也可以用情态动词can,may或might等代替。如：Iftheyarefriendly，Imightinvitethemtotheparty.如果他们很友善，我可能会请他们去参加聚会Ifwehurrynow,wecanstopforcoffeelater.如果我们现在抓紧时间，就可以稍后去喝咖啡注意：在条件句中，主句部分只能使用动词will的一般将来时，不能使用begoingto的结构二、Unless的条件句表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一件事，中文用的连接词一般是“除非”和“否则”。可以用unless表达这个意思，相当于ifnot。例:1：除非刮台风，否则演唱会将如期进行。Theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleunlessthereisatyphoon.=theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleifthereisnotatyphoon例2：她会一直唱下去，除非有人叫她停止Shewillkeeponsingingunlesssheistoldtostop.=shewillkeeponsingingifsheisnottoldtostop也可以用or(否则)来做同义句转换Unlessyoulistencarefully,youwon’tknowtheanswer.=ifyoudon’tlistencarefully,youwon’tknowtheanswer.=youshouldlistencarefully,oryouwon’tknowtheanswer.小试牛刀（）1.IfI________hisphonenumber,Iwilltellyou. find B.found C.willfind D.havefound（）2.Wewillgocampingifit_______tomorrow.Won’train B.didn’train C.doesn’train D.isn’training（）3.I’mwaitingformyfriend.Ifhe_______,I______swimmingalone.doesn’te;willgo B.won’te;willgoC.wille;won’tgo D.don’te;willgo（）4.______yougotothesupermarketat7p.m,youcanbuyalotofcheapfood.If B.Unless C.Whether D.When（）5.Iwon’tgettothepartyontime______Icatchthefirsttraintomorrowmorning.If B.Unless C.Whether D.When（）6.Shallwegoonapicnicthisweekend? Goodidea!Unlessit_______.rains B.doesn’train C.rain D.won’train（）7.CanIchangethejacketforanotherone______itdoesn’tfitmewell? Ofcourse.unless B.if C.that D.though（）8.Nobodycanlearnmathswellheworkshardonit.Aif Bunless Cthought Dhowever（）9.Iffishawayfromwater,theydie.Aaretaking,won’t Baretaken,willCarebeingtaken,will Dtake,won’t（）10.Eachstudentcanaskteachersforhelpifhehowtoworkouttheproblem.Awillknow Bwon’tknow Cdon’tknow Ddoesn’tknowIthinkit’salittlebitsilly.我认为他有点儿愚蠢。alittlebit“有点儿”后面更形容词。Jackisalittlebitselfish.杰克有点自私.Itdoesn’tseemverypossibletomoveamountain.移山似乎是不太可能的。seem此处为连系动词“似乎、好像”后跟形容词作表语。Heseemsveryangry.“主语+seem+（tobe）+表语”表语对为名词或者形容词，以说明主语的特征状态。Tomseemstobeaverycleverboy.汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。“主语+seem+不定式”次句型中，seem与不定式构成复合谓语Thechildrenseemedtobeeatingsomethingintheroom.孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢“itseems+that从句”其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.似乎没人知道在公园里发生了什么。④“there+seemtobe+名词”，tobe可省略，seem的单复数要根据后面的名词决定。Theredoesn’tseemtobemuchhopeofourbeatingthatteam.看来我们战胜那个对没多大的希望。Butthestoryistryingtoshowusthatanythingispossibleifyouworkhard.但这个故事试图告诉我们，如果你去努力，一切皆有可能。possible可能反义词impossiblepossible常用以下结构itispossible（forsb）todosth.Itispossibleforthetraintobelate.火车有可能晚点itispossible+that从句Itispossiblethatthetrainislate.火车有可能晚点as......aspossible尽可能......ifpossible如果可能的话Yugongkepttryinganddidn’tgiveup.愚公一直尝试，没有放弃Keepdoingsth“一直/继续不停地做某事”Shekeptworkingalthoughshewastired.Butwhatcouldyugongdoinsteadofmovingthemountains?但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢？1、insteadof介词短语“代替......，而不是......”insteadofdoingsth“代替做某事”Shewenttoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.insteadof与insteadinsteadof“代替、而不是”后面跟名词、代词或者动名词instead“代替、反而”作副词，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末Let’splaychessinsteadofwatchingTV.Ididn’thavebreakfastsoIateanappleinstead.Youhavedifferentopinionsaboutthestory,andneitherofyouarewrong.对于这个故事，你们有不同的观点，并且你们两人都是对的。1、opinion与adviceopinion作可数名词“意见、看法”只对某一事物的看法、意见。advice不可数名词“建议、劝告”指提出善意或者建设性的忠告或意见。apieceofadvice一个忠告Youshouldasktheopinionofthedoctor你应当征求医生的意见。2、neitherof“两者都不”作主语时谓语动词要用单数，但在口语中也可当作复数。Neitherofthecarswasdamaged.两部车都没有受损。拓展：bothof两者都eitherof两者中的任何一个both…and…“既…又…”,谓语动词一定要用复数neither…nor…“既不…也不…”,谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致，就近原则either…or…“或者…或者…”谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致，即就近原则注意：neither…nor…是both…and…的否定形式。根据汉语意思，用either/neither与either...or/neither...nor或both填空。①他们两人都不喝咖啡。 ______ofthemdrinkscoffee.②他不在家就在学校。 Heis______athome______intheschool.③不是Lucy就是:Lily会游泳。 ______Lucy______Lilycanswim.④我爸爸和我妈妈都不在家。 ______mydad______mymumisathome.⑤Tom既不高也不矮。 Tomis______tall______short.⑥他不是学生。我也不是。 Heisn'tastudent.I'mnot,______.⑦这两张书桌都不是新的。 ______ofthetwobooksisnew.⑧他既不会打篮球，也不会踢足球。Hecan______playbasketball______playfootball.Thisisbecausehecanmake72changestohisshapeandsize，turninghimselfintodifferentanimalsandobjects.这是因为他能根据它的形状和大小，做出72种变化，把自己变成不同的动物和物体。1、thisisbecause....“这是因为......”，后面跟原因或者理由。Thisiswhy....“这就是为什么”，后面跟的是结果。Tomoversleptthismorning.Thisiswhyhewaslateforwork.汤姆今天早上睡过头了，这就他上班迟到的原因。2、o...“使......变成”PleaseturnthisintoEnglish请把这个翻译成英语。AndassoonastheTVprogramcameoutmorethan30yearsold,westernchildrenbecameinterestedinreadingthisstorybecausetheclevermonkeyKingkeepsfightingtohelptheweakandnevergivesup.30多年前这个电视节目一推出，西方的孩子对读这个故事很感兴趣，因为聪明的美猴王一直与邪恶斗争，帮助弱者，并从不放弃。1、eout“推出、出版、发行”Hisnewbookwilleoutnextmonth.拓展：eout多种常见的其他意思“出来、出现”Thestarscameoutassoonasitwasdark.“开花、发芽”Someflowershaveheguntocameout.“透露、传出、（真相）大白”Thetruthhaseoutatlast.真相终于大白了。2、morethan“多于、超出”相当于over其反义词短语lessthan“少于、不到”IhaveknownDavidformorethan20years.3、beeinterestedin“对......感兴趣”相当于beinterestedinIbecameinterestedinpiano.4、western形容词“西方的”；weak“虚弱的”Becausetheyweresobigthatittookalongtimetowalktotheotherside.因为它们如此大，以至于花了很长时间走到另一边。Ittakes（sb）+时间/金钱+todosth“花费某人多少时间做某事”复习：spendIttookhimtwohourstofinishthework（用spend换）Thenewcoupleweresohappythattheycouldn’tstopsmilingwhentheygotmarried.这对新婚夫妇如此开心，以至于结婚时都止不住的笑。1、can’tstopdoingsth.“禁不住做.......”Thechildrencouldn’tstopopeningthepresents.2、getmarried“结婚” getmarriedtosb“和某人结婚”Hewantstogetmarriedtoadoctor.3、Marrysb“与某人结婚/嫁给某人”Mr.Whiteisgoingtomarryanactress.二、课堂练习：=1\*ROMANI、单项填空。（15分）（）1.—WhydoesthecleverMonkeyKingkeepfighting?—Becausehewantstohelp_________weak.aB.an C.the D./（）2.—Whatsmellsterrible,Ted —I’msorry.I’ll__________myshoesandwashthematonce.takeawayB.putaway C.throwaway D.keepaway（）3.—CanIparkmycarhere? —Yes,youcanpark_____sideofthestreet.either B.bothC.neither D.all（）4.—HowdoyoulikethemovieKungFuPanda3?—Itis______exciting______I’dliketoseeitagain.A.so;that B.such;thatC.enough;to D.too;to（）5.—Iwonderhowhe__________stone__________gold. —eon,it’sjustamagicshow.turned;intoB.pared;with C.turned;downD.pared;to（）6.—Dearsister,doestheTVshowDadesBack________you________ourfather?—Sure.Dadhasbeenawayforabouttenyears.Let;downB.help;out C.remind;of D.pick;up（）7.—Mike,let'sprepareforourbaseballgame. —OK.We'lllosethegame____wetryourbest.unlessB.once C.after D.since（）8.—Isthewinemade________grapes? —Yes,it’smade________France.A.of;in B.from;by C.from;in D.of;as（）9.—Didshegothere________you? —No,Alicewentthere________.A.instead;insteadofB.insteadof;insteadC.instead;insteadD.insteadof;insteadof（）10.—_______freshairitisnow! —Yes.______gooutforawalk.A.How;Let B.Whata;Let’sC.What;Let’s D.How;Letus（）11.—Didyoumissthebus?—Yes,but________.Therewillbeanotheroneinfiveminutes.A.allright B.nevermindC.hardtosay D.sorrytohearthat（）12.—Doyoulikereadingbooks?—Yes,verymuch.Bookscan______metotheoceanofknowledge.A.lead B.give C.make D.cause（）13.—Mom,Iwanttodrivetomygrandparents'home.—Don'tbe________.Youaretooyoungtodrive.A.silly B.noisy C.nervousD.sad（）14.—LiMei's________isverybeautiful. —Yes.Hersongs________verybeautiful.A.noise;voice B.voice;sound C.sound;noise D.shout;sound（）15.—______? —Ithinkit’sboring.A.Doyouhaveastorybook

B.WhatdidyoulearnfromthestoryC.Didyouhearaboutthestory

D.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthestory=2\*ROMANII、完形填空。（10分）Longlongago,theJadeEmperor(玉皇大帝)organizedananimalrace.Thefirst12animalstowincouldgeta

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intheChineseZodiac(十二生肖),andhaveayearnamedafterthem.Thecatandthemouseboth

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theox(公牛)towakethemearlyonthedayoftherace.Thatday,theox

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towakethem,butwithoutsuccess.Sothekindoxcarriedthemon

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backandstartedrunningwhentheracebegan.Themouse

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justwhentheoxwasgoingacrossthelastriver.Heknewthathecould

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beatthecat.Sohepushedthe

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offtheox’sback.Whentheoxreachedtheothersideoftheriver,themousejumpedoffandrantothefinishingline,just

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theox.Thetigercamethird.Sothe12yearcycle(循环)beginswiththemouse.Theoxesafterhim.Thetiger

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theox.Therabbit,dragon,snake,horse,goat,monkey,rooster,dogandpigeafterthem.Thecatwas

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tofinishtherace,almostdyingintheriver,butshehasnoplaceinthezodiac.Sothat’swhycatskillmice.Theycanneverforgetwhathappenedinthatracelonglongago!（）16.A.place

B.prize

C.sign

D.skill（）17.A.promised

B.helped C.hated

D.asked（）18.A.loved

B.refused C.forgot

D.tried（）19.A.her

B.his C.their

D.your（）20.A.madeup

B.tookup C.wokeup

D.dressedup（）21.A.never

B.still C.perhaps

D.almost（）22.A.monkey

B.cat C.tiger

D.dog（）23.A.for

B.against

C.before

D.after（）24.A.leads

B.cheats C.reminds

D.follows（）25.A.fast

B.lucky C.easy

D.free=3\*ROMANIII、短文填空。（15分）magiccheatgroundsmilehidemonkeysillywifestickbraveOnceuponatime,therewasa46._______mancalledMike.Oneday,hewenttothemountainsandfounda47._______stone.Hemoveditandtherewassomemoneyandtreasures.Heputthemintohisbagatonce.Suddenly,heheardsomenoisefaraway.Sohedug(挖)aholeonthe48._______behindsometreesand49._______thebag.Whenhediditwell,somepeoplewith50._______cametohimandaskedhimwhathewasdoing.He51._______andtoldthemhewantedtocatchanimalsbuthedidn'thaveone.Healsosaidhefoundasmart52._______inredclothesandrantotheeast.The53._______peoplefeltverystrange.Theyallwantedtoseethesmartanimalandtheyranintotheforest.AfterMike54._______them,hetookthebagtohis55._______.Theyhavehadagoodlifesincethen.=4\*ROMANIV、阅读理解(10分)Arefables（寓言）andfairytalesdifferentorthesame?Theyarebothstoriesforkids,butfablesarestoriesforadultsaswell.Afableisastory,passeddownfromgrandparentstoparentsandthentochildren.Peoplecanlearnmuchfromit.Thecharactersaremostlyanimalsandnature.Theycantalkandactlikehumans.ThemostfamousfableswerewrittenbyamancalledAesop.Therearearound600fablesinAesop’sFables.TheFoxandtheGrapesandTheTortoiseandtheHarearetwoexamples.Fairytalesareusuallystoriesforchildren,oftenaboutmagiccharacterssuchasfairies（仙女）andgiants（巨人）.Sometimesthecharactersareanimals.Weareabletoenjoythesefairytalesbecauseabout200yearsago,theBrothersGrimmtraveledallaroundGermanyandcollectedthesestoriesbeforepeopleforgotthem.TherearemanyfairytalesinGrimm'sFairyTalessuchasCinderellaandTheFrogprince.（ ）36.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Famousfablesandfairytales B.TheskillatreadingfablesC.Thereasonwhyadultscanreadfables D.Differencesbetweenfablesandfairytales（ ）37.Theunderlinedphrase"passeddown"means_______inChinese.A.流传 B.分享 C.编辑 D.记录（ ）38._______arealwaysthemaincharactersinfables.A.Humans B.FairiesC.GiantsD.Animalsandnature（ ）39.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？A.PeoplecanlearnnothingfromfablesB.Thereareabout60fablesinAesop'sFablesC.Adultsdon’tusuallyreadfairytalesD.Aesopcollectedfairytalesbeforepeopleforgotthem（ ）40.Whichofthefollowingstoriesarefables?①TheLionandtheMouse ②SnowWhite③TheTortoiseandtheHare ④TheFoxandtheGrapes⑤CinderellaA.①②③④⑤B.①③④C.①②④D.②③④⑤三、课后小结四、巩固练习：=1\*ROMANI、单项选择。（10分）1.—DidJennyplaytheroletheprincessintheplay?

—Yes,shedid.Theprincesavedherandfellinloveher.

A.with;at B.as;in C.of;to D.of;with2.Igotomygrandparents’homewiththeirhouseworkeverySunday.

A.help B.helped C.tohelp D.helping3.TheVoiceofChinahasin2018.YoucanwatchiteveryFridayevening.

Aeout Beover Cetrue Deon4.Shestoppedtalkinghermothercameintotheroom.

A.assoonas B.unless C.though5.Asmilecosts,butgivessomuch.Soweshouldlearntosmile.

A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything6.ImetJuliaIwaswalkingaroundthepark.A.while B.until C.before D.after7.Whatjustnow? Agirlwashitbyacar.A.happened B.washappened C.happen D.ishappening8.Wherewereyouthismorning?Iinthesupermarket.A.willshop B.amshopping C.wasshopping D.shop9.Jennyinthekitchenwhenyoucalledherat5o’clockthisafternoon.A.iscooking B.wascooking C.cooks D.cooked10.Therainstormisoritmayblowdownmoretrees.A.lyingdown B.takingafter C.dyingdown D.settingup=2\*ROMANII、完形填空（10分）Itwasahotsummerevening.KevinandhisbrotherAlanwere___11___soccerinthebackyard.Afterawhile,theydecide