高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(46)讲义

【passage1】WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorldThewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidayswecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.SoyalSoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.YaldaThePersianfestivalYalda,orShabeYaldaisacelebrationofthewintersolsticeinIranthatstartedinancienttimes.ItmarksthelastdayofthePersianmonthofAzar.Yaldaisviewedtraditionallyasthevictoryoflightoverdark,andthebirthdayofthesungodMithra.Familiescelebratetogetherwithspecialfoodslikenutsandsomestayawakeallnightlongtowelethemorningsun.MidwinterinAntarcticaEvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.【素材来源：山东名校考试联盟2023年12月高三年级阶段性检测英语试题】21.Whatcanbelearnedaboutwintersolstice?ItisatraditionalChristmascelebration.B.ItisabigeventonlyinSouthernglobe.C.Ithasagreatinfluenceontheclimate.D.Itenjoysglobalrecognition.22.HowdoHopiIndiansobserveSoyal?Bymakingprayersintheday.B.Bywanderingthewilderness.C.Bydancingandsendinggifts.D.Bystayingupallnightlong.23.Wherecanyouexpectfilmsduringwintersolstice?A.InAntarctica.B.InChina.C.InIndia.D.InIran.【五步法解析】21.Whatcanbelearnedaboutwintersolstice?关于冬至我们可以了解到什么?A.ItisatraditionalChristmascelebration.这是传统的圣诞节庆祝活动。B.ItisabigeventonlyinSouthernglobe.这只是南半球的大事件。C.Ithasagreatinfluenceontheclimate.它对气候有很大的影响。D.Itenjoysglobalrecognition.它享有全球认可。同义替换：allovertheworld=global全球的WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorldThewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.自古以来，世界各地的人们都认识到这一重要事件，并以各种不同的方式庆祝太阳的“回归”。Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidayswecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.22.HowdoHopiIndiansobserveSoyal?霍皮印第安人如何庆祝索阿尔节?A.Bymakingprayersintheday.通过在白天祈祷。B.Bywanderingthewilderness.在荒野中游荡。C.Bydancingandsendinggifts.通过跳舞和送礼物。D.Bystayingupallnightlong.通过整夜不睡。SoyalSoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.仪式包括净化、跳舞，有时还会赠送礼物。Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.23.Wherecanyouexpectfilmsduringwintersolstice?冬至期间你能在哪里看到电影?A.InAntarctica.南极领域B.InChina.中国C.InIndia.印度（南亚国家）D.InIran.伊朗（亚洲）MidwinterinAntarcticaEvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.庆祝活动包括特别的饭菜、电影，有时甚至是手工制作的礼物。【逐句翻译】WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorld世界各地的冬至庆祝活动Thewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.句子结构分析：thelongestnightoftheyear补充修饰thewintersolstice句意：冬至(冬至)是一年中最长的夜晚，北半球在12月21日或22日，南半球在6月20日或21日。Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.自古以来，世界各地的人们都认识到这一重要事件，并以各种不同的方式庆祝太阳的“回归”。Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidays(that)wecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.句子结构分析：that引导定语从句修饰holidays;suchas引导同位语修饰holidays句意：古老的冬至传统影响了我们现在庆祝的节日，如圣诞节和光明节。Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.这里有一些新的和古老的冬至传统，可以帮助你照亮白天变长的道路。Soyal索亚尔节日SoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.soal是亚利桑那州北部霍皮印第安人的冬至庆祝活动。Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.仪式包括净化、跳舞，有时还会赠送礼物。Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.在冬至的时候，霍皮人欢迎kachinas，一些保护山脉的神。Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.祈祷棒是精心制作的，用于各种祝福和其他仪式。Yalda雅尔达节日ThePersianfestivalYalda,orShabeYaldaisacelebrationofthewintersolsticeinIranthatstartedinancienttimes.波斯节日Yalda，或ShabeYalda是伊朗冬至的庆祝活动，始于古代。ItmarksthelastdayofthePersianmonthofAzar.它标志着波斯亚撒月的最后一天。Yaldaisviewedtraditionallyasthevictoryoflightoverdark,andthebirthdayofthesungodMithra.传统上，雅尔达节被视为光明战胜黑暗的日子，也是太阳神密特拉的生日。【真题必考词汇】Beviewedas..被看作是Theproductshouldnotbeviewedasthecounterbalanceofthenewproduct.该产品不应被视为新产品的平衡。Familiescelebratetogetherwithspecialfoodslikenutsandsomestayawakeallnightlongtowelethemorningsun.家人一起吃坚果等特殊食物来庆祝，有些人整夜不睡，迎接早晨的太阳。MidwinterinAntarctica南极的隆冬EvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.句子结构分析：thanksto..引导原因状语句意：即使是南极洲也会有冬至庆祝活动，这要归功于研究人员在那里度过了漫长而危险的寒冷季节。【真题必考词汇】Thanksto...幸亏；由于Thankstoyourcarelessnessandclumsiness,Ishallhavetobuyawholesetteaservice.由于你的粗心和笨拙，我将不得不购买一整套茶具。WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.当北半球的人们在享受白昼的时候，南半球的人们正在庆祝冬至。Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.庆祝活动包括特别的饭菜、电影，有时甚至是手工制作的礼物。【passage2】TheStoriesBehind3ofthePhotosfromOurPicturesoftheYearEachyear,NationalGeographicwillpublishaspecialissuetoshowcasesomeoftheimpressiveimagestakenaroundtheglobetocelebratethehighqualityphotography.Thisyear,49wereselectedasthebestphotosoftheyearoutofmillionsofimages,andthephotoeditorsgiveaglimpsebehindthescenesof3imagesincludedin2022PicturesoftheYearannualspecialissue.Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanPhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissuestheyfacearoundtheworld.HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（婴儿车）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeterIt'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'swhatphotographerCarstenPeterachievedwiththisimage.Hedocumentedthe85dayeruptionforNationalGeographic,thenreturnedtofocusonthedamageandonthescientificfieldworkthathadbeendoneoncetheslowmovinglavahadcooled.Minneriya.SriLanka//BrentStirtonPhotographerBrentStirtonprovidedawindowintotheseanimals’lives,whichshehopeswillincreaseawarenessandstirupsympathythroughthephoto.TheimagewastoughtocapturenotonlybecauseStirtonneededtogetclosetothewildanimalsfortheframebutalsobecauseitwasachallengingtimetoworkinSriLanka.Thegovernmentwascollapsingineconomicdecline.“Ithinkthere'sanopportunitytoshowpeopleasideofanimalstheymayhavenotseenbefore,"shesays.Formorepicturesandstories,pleaseclickthes://nationalgeographic.【素材来源：2023年湖北省七市（州）高三年级3月联合统一调研测试】21.Whoseimagecaresaboutpeople'slife?A.Mallory's.B.CarstenPeter's.C.KiliiiYuyan's.D.BrentStirton's.22.Whatsharedfeaturesdothesethreepictureshave?A.Theyalltakeeffortsandpatience.B.Theyareallabouttheenvironment.C.Theyallprovideawindowintoanimals‘lives.D.Theyallmakeadifferencetoscientificfieldwork.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelmagazine.B.Anacademicarticle.C.Abiologytextbook.D.Aphotographywebsite.【五步法解析】21.Whoseimagecaresaboutpeople'slife?谁的形象关心人们的生活?A.Mallory's.摩尔的B.CarstenPeter's.皮特的C.KiliiiYuyan's.科尔德D.BrentStirton's.布伦特的Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanPhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissuestheyfacearoundtheworld.摄影师KiliiiYuyan对记录土著人民的日常生活以及他们在世界各地面临的问题并不陌生。HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（婴儿车）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.22.Whatsharedfeaturesdothesethreepictureshave?这三幅图有什么共同的特点?A.Theyalltakeeffortsandpatience.他们都需要努力和耐心。B.Theyareallabouttheenvironment.它们都是关于环境的。C.Theyallprovideawindowintoanimals‘lives.它们都提供了一扇了解动物生活的窗口D.Theyallmakeadifferencetoscientificfieldwork.它们都对科学实地考察产生了影响。Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanHemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeterIt'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'swhatphotographerCarstenPeterachievedwiththisimage.Minneriya.SriLanka//BrentStirtonTheimagewastoughtocapturenotonlybecauseStirtonneededtogetclosetothewildanimalsfortheframebutalsobecauseitwasachallengingtimetoworkinSriLanka.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?这段文字可能取自哪里?A.Atravelmagazine.一本旅游杂志。B.Anacademicarticle.一篇学术文章。C.Abiologytextbook.一本生物教科书。D.Aphotographywebsite.一个摄影网站。Formorepicturesandstories,pleaseclickthes://nationalgeographic.【逐句翻译】TheStoriesBehind3ofthePhotosfromOurPicturesoftheYear我们年度图片中的三张照片背后的故事Eachyear,NationalGeographicwillpublishaspecialissuetoshowcasesomeoftheimpressiveimagestakenaroundtheglobetocelebratethehighqualityphotography.每年，《国家地理》都会出版一期特刊，展示一些在世界各地拍摄的令人印象深刻的照片，以庆祝高质量的摄影。Thisyear,49wereselectedasthebestphotosoftheyearoutofmillionsofimages,andthephotoeditorsgiveaglimpsebehindthescenesof3imagesincludedin2022PicturesoftheYearannualspecialissue.今年，从数百万张图片中选出了49张年度最佳照片，照片编辑们将一窥2022年年度图片特刊中3张图片的幕后。Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyan借住,格陵兰岛PhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissues(that)theyfacearoundtheworld.句子结构分析：that引导定语从句修饰issues句意：摄影师KiliiiYuyan对记录土著人民的日常生活以及他们在世界各地面临的问题并不陌生。HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.句子结构分析：while引导时间状语从句句意：他致力于为每个故事捕捉令人惊讶和独特的图像，而他的同事马洛里已经退出了他们的轨道。【真题必考词汇】mitto把…送交，托付给…;对…作出承诺，承担义务，担负责任;使（自己）致力于…;把…固定在，保留在…之上[之中]Youdon'thavetomittoanythingoverthephone.你不用在里承诺什么。Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（婴儿车）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.在他的故事中，两个堂兄弟推着婴儿车(婴儿车)穿过格陵兰岛的雪原，前往一年一度的狗拉雪橇比赛。ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.句子结构分析：how引导宾语从句句意：这个故事本身就激发读者思考如何在不破坏生态系统的情况下对待生态系统，并让读者更深入地了解因纽特妇女的日常生活。CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeter西班牙加那利群岛//卡斯滕·彼得It'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'