2024年中考英语语法专题复习介词

中考语法专题复习介词精讲精练语法知识常用介词用法1,表示时间的介词表示年、月、日、时刻等用at，in，on。口诀记忆如下：At时间点，in指月、季、年，有on必有天，特定早午晚用on来接连。具体解析如下：at用于表示时刻,Iwenttobedateleveno’clocklastnight.固定短语：atnoonatnightatpresent2）in用于表示一段时间多用在月份，季节，年份如，inDecember\inspring,in1970,固定短语：inthemorning/afternoon/evening/night3）on用于表示某日具体到某一天，星期几，节日等。如，onSunday,Women’sDayisOnMarch8th4)特定的早，午，晚（在morning,afternoon,evening,night前有修饰词时，用on）如，onSundaymorning,ontheafternoonofMarch8th,onacoldnight其他表示时间的介词：1).before:在….之前e.g.Turnoffthelightsbeforeleavingtheroom.2).after:在….之后e.g.Springesafterwinter.3),by:在….之前，不迟于e.g.BythetimeIgotthebusstop,thebushadleft.4)，Until，till:直到….为止常用结构：notuntil.e.g.Ididn’tgotobeduntil10:00lasnight.5).for:达….之久（表示过了多少时间，多用howlong提问）e.g.Ihavehadthebikefortwoyears.6).during:在…期间e.g.Hewokemanytimesduringthenight.7）since:自从….以来后多加过去时间点。e.g.Ihavehadthebikesincetwoyearsago.8).in+一段时间，表示过….后（未来时间，多用howsoon提问）e.g.Howsoonwillyoueback?Iwillebackinthreedays.2,表示地点、方向的介词表示场所的介词：at，in，on，under，below，near，by，betweenand，among，around，round，infrontof，behind，acrossfrom,nexttoe.g.Therearemanytreesaroundthelake.【注】表示“某地在….里”时要用in；表示“某地在另外一地某方向”时要用on或to；如果两地有空间距离（不接壤）时，必须用to.如，TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.台湾位于中国的东南部。TaiwanistothesouthofFujian台湾在福建的南部。LaiwuisontheeastofTaian莱芜在泰安的东部。表示方向的介词：in，into，outof，along，down，across，through，to，towards，for，from，over，by，paste.g.Youmustputthedirtypaperinthebasket.【注】across和through的区别：across从的表面穿过，through从的内部穿过。表示游渡，乘船过海或过河时用across.如，Theriverrunsthroughthecity.Goacrossthebidge,you’llfindthepark3,表示原因的介词短语becauseofe.g.Becauseofherillnessmygrandmastayedinbedforaweek.【注】because,becauseof的区别：because是连词后接从句，如，mygrandmastayedinbedforaweekbecauseshewasill.4,with,in,on表示手段和材料等用法的介词:with，in，by1),with：和…在一起，带有、具有，用某种具体工具、材料或人体器官Ibelieveitwithmyeyes.Heiscuttingpaperwithaknife.CanIwritetheexampaperwithapen2），in：以…形式，以…方式；用…语言/声音，表示穿衣着，用墨水、颜料等原料等。e.g.ShekeepsadiaryinEnglish.3）by：用手段或方式。如，Theoldmanhadtomakealivingbysellingvegetables在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。bytaxi=inataxibytrain=inatrainbybike=onabikebyship=onashipbyboat=inaboatbybus=onabusbyplane=onaplanebyair空运byland陆运bysea海运onfoot5,表示“由….制成”的介词:of，fromof：表示成品看得出原材料e.g.Thetableismadeofwood.from：表示成品看不出原材料e.g.Thiskindofpaperismadefromwood.6,beside,besides,exeptbeside是"在……旁边"，如：Thestudentsstoodbesidetheirteachers.而besides是"除……之外，不仅……而且……，除了……以外还有……"，如：IstudiedEnglishbesidesFrench,whenIwasincollege.而except则是除之外（不再有），如：IehereeverydayexceptSunday.Everyoneelseinmyclasswasinvitedexceptme.7.表示其他的介词:without，like，as，against等without：没有e.g.Herushedtotheofficewithouthavinghisbreakfast.like：像，如，跟…一样e.g.What’shelike?as：作为e.g.Heisfamousasascientisthere.against：靠着，反对e.g.Don’tstandagainstthedoor.Weareagainstbuildinganewzooinourcity.即时训练基础知识训练：你能写出下列含有介词的短？1.寻找2.照顾3渴望4.在…查找5.翻阅，浏览6.穿上；上演7举起，张贴8拜访；号召9打10招来；叫来11.对…友好12.与…不同13.害怕14.受…欢迎15.对…感兴趣16.对…惊讶17.对某人生气18.对…感到自豪19对某人严格20对某事严格21对…有好处22.擅长于…23.对有办法24.对…有把握25.由…构成26.忙于27.装满了的28.覆盖着29.因…著名30.作为…有名31.反对担忧

32.处于困境/危险中

33.对心存感激34.渴望；渴求35.对负责任36.与某人相处（融洽）37为…作准备38.习惯于39妨碍40.起飞，脱下41参与，参加42同意（意见、想法）43.拾起，捡起，44.减少；砍到45切碎46.时间流逝47.提出；想出（主意，办法）48.放弃49.与…交朋友50.编造51.爱上（某人）52.出发、启程53.创办、搭起54算出,解决55保守秘密56.在……某方面干得好57.在某方面帮助某人58.帮助解决困难/走出困境59.嘲笑60唤醒61.向……要……，请求62.付……的款63.注意64.动身去……65.与相撞66.听说67.

收到……来信68.分发69.拒绝二、用适当介词填空完成句子。1.—Howcanweprotectourselves_______theearthquake?—Weshouldstaycalmfirst.2.We’llplaybasketball_______Class3tomorrow.3—Aperson’slifeislikearoadlotsofdifficulties.—Yes,soweneedpositiveenergy.4.Mother’sDayis_______thesecondSundayinMayintheUnitedStates.5.Yousee,Keviniswriting______hislefthand.6.Aconversation_______awisepersonisworthtenyears’studyofbooks.7.Isometimeshelpmymom______herhousework______Saturdays.

8.Mr.Green’sofficeis_______the26thfloor.Youcantakethelifethere.9.______theexam,we’llsaygoodbyetoourdearteachers,classmatesaswellasour beautifulschool.10.—Whattimedoyouusuallygotoschool,Jack?—_______abouthalfpastseven.11.Theyusuallygoshopping____theirlunchbreak.12.—Whatwouldyoulike_______yourafternoontea？—Justacupofcoffee_______somesugarandmilk.13.—WouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothePacificHotel?—Go______thepostoffice,andyouwillfinditontheleft.14.Meimeiisabeautifulgirl_______bigeyesanddarkhair.15.OnMay10th,ahorsewasfoundrunninghappily_______thebusystreetinBeijing.16.Cambridgeisasmallcity_______theeastofEngland.17.Momalwaystellsmethatnothingcanbelearned______hardwork.18.Someworkersinthatfactoryhavetowork_______night.19.______allhispocketmoney,DanboughtapresentforhismotheronMother’sDay.20.AshipfromSouthKoreasankintothesea_______April16,2014.21.—HowsoonwillhisfatherebackfromLondon?—_______aweek.22.Now,peopleregarddrinkingtea_______aculturethanahabit.23.—WhatcanIdoforyou?—IhopeIhaveanicehouse_______abiggarden.24.Gina,what’sthis___________English?25.—Excuseme.Iwonderifyoucanprovideme______someinformationaboutthefantasticsightshere.—Sure.Withpleasure.26.Don’tgotoschool______breakfast.It’sabadhabit.27.WhendidyouebacktoEnshi?____theafternoonofMaylst.28.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellmetheway_______thenearestsupermarket?—Godownthestreetandturnleft.Thenyou’llseeit.29.ManycitiesinChina,_______Beijing,havebeendeeplyaffectedbydirtierair.30.–Hurryup!There’sabusing!–Whyrun?Therewillbeanotherone_____twoorthreeminutes.阅读填空。根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。HaveyoueverreadAndersen’sfairytaleTheUglyDuckling(丑小鸭)?DoyouknowthathismotherlandisDenmark?It1.________(lie)innorthernEurope.Letmetellyousomethingaboutit.YoucanfindalmostanyfastfoodinDenmark,such2.________hamburgersandhotdogs.Danishopenfacedsandwichesarenotonlydelicious,butalsoprettyandfun.Theyareworksofart.Tastingsomeisanexperiencethatshouldn’t3._________(miss)“Lego”toyswerecreatedinDenmark.Thetoysweremade4.__________woodbefore.BuildingwithLegoshelpsstudentslearnaboutengineering,physicsandtechnologyinafunway.In1968,the5._________(one)LegolandthemeparkopenedinBillund,Denmark.Today,thereareLegolandparksinCalifornia,Florida,Malaysia,Dubai,Windsor,JapanandGermany.BicyclingispopularinDenmark.NineoutoftenDaneshaveabike.Theyridetheirbikes6.__________whattheweather.Theyaren’tjustridingbikes7._______fun.Theyusebikestogettowork,totake8._________(they)kidstoplaces,andeventocarrygoods.Today,moreandmorepeoplearechoosingbikesovercars.Theyhave9._________sayinginDenmark:“AbicycleisaDane’sbestfriend.”DenmarkiscalledthelandoffairytalesAndersen’sanotherpopularfairytaleisTheLittleMermaid(美人鱼).TheLittleMermaidstatue(雕塑)hasbeenregardedasDenmark’smostfamouslandmark10.___________1913.TheDanesbelievethatshebringsthemgoodluck.参考答案一、1.lookfor2.lookafter（=takecareof）3.lookforwardto4.lookup5.lookthrough6.puton7.putup8.callon9.callup10.callin11.befriendly/kindto12.bedifferentfrom13.beafraidof14.bepopularwith15.beinterestedin16.besurprisedat17.beangrywith18.beproudof(=takepridein)19.bestrictwith20.bestrictin21.begoodfor22.begoodat23.begoodwith24.besureof/about25.bemadeof/from26.bebusywithsth27.befullof/filledwith28.becoveredwith29.befamous/knownfor30.befamous/knownas31.beagainst（doing）32.beintrouble/danger

33.bethankfulto34.bethirstyfor35.beresponsiblefor36geton/al