中考英语二轮复习课件：专题七形容词

专题七形容词中考考点梳理考点分类突破考点1

形容词的句法功能(1)形容词的用法及位置①作定语作名词的定语时,一般置于名词前;作复合不定代词的定语时,位于复合不定代词之后。Heisatallman.他是一名高个子男士。There’s

nothing

new

in

today’s

newspaper.今天的报纸上没有什么新鲜事。②作表语放在系动词之后,构成系表结构。The

food

smells

nice.这种食物闻起来不错。③作宾语补足语在keep,make,leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语。Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.我们应该使我们的教室保持整洁。The

mother

leaves

the

baby

alone.这位妈妈把婴儿单独放在一边。(2)常见名词变形容词的方法名词构成方法意义例词表示天气的名词词尾加-y多……的cloud—cloudywind—windy表示方位的名词词尾加-ern……方位的;朝……方的west—westerneast—eastern表示时间和称谓的名词词尾加-ly每……的;……般的week—weeklyfriend—friendly表示物质的名词词尾加-en……制成的wood—woodengold—golden(续表)表抽象意义的名词词尾加-ful……的care—careful词尾加-less无……的hope—hopeless

①少数形容词,如live(活的),elder(年长的)等只能作定语,不能作表语。Myelderbrotheris12yearsold.我哥哥12岁。②有些形容词在句中只能作表语,不能作定语,如afraid(害怕的),alive(活着的),awake(醒着的),alone(独自的;单独的),asleep(睡着的),well(健康的),sorry(难过的),ill(生病的)等。Theoldmanwasaloneathome.那位老人独自在家里。Mymotherisill.Ihavetolookafterher.我妈妈生病了。我必须照顾她。考点2

形容词的比较级、最高级变化规则(1)规则变化类别词尾情况构成示例单音节词及少数双音节词一般结构词尾加-er或-esttall—taller—tallest以不发音的e结尾词尾加-r或-stnice—nicer—nicest重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er或-estbig—bigger—biggesthot—hotter—hottest类别词尾情况构成示例单音节词及少数双音节词以“辅音字母＋y”结尾变y为i,再加-er或-esthappy—happier—happiestfunny—funnier—funniest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostimportant—moreimportant—mostimportant口诀记忆形容词比较等级的变化比较级(最高级)的变化有规律,一般词尾-er(-est)加上去。若遇“哑e”结尾词,直接加-r(-st)就可以。一辅重读闭音节,末尾辅音字母需双写。“辅音字母＋y”词尾现,i需把y来替换。部分双、多音节词,前面加more(most)记心里。最高级前面要加the,这点千万别忘记。(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest考点3

形容词比较等级的用法等级结构及含义例句原级as＋原级＋as和……一样Ithinkthisbookisasinterestingasthatone.我认为这本书和那本书一样有趣。not＋as/so＋原级＋as不如……It’snotsohottodayasyesterday.今天不如昨天热。less＋原级＋than不如……Thisstoryislessinterestingthanthatone.这个故事不如那个故事有趣。(续表)等级结构及含义例句比较

级比较级＋than一者比另一者……YourT-shirtisnicerthanhis.你的T恤衫比他的好看。the＋比较级,the＋比较级越……越……Thebusierweare,thehappierwewillbe.我们越忙越快乐。比较级＋and＋比较级越来越……Ourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.我们的国家正变得越来越强大。等级结构及含义例句比较级the＋比较级＋ofthetwo...两者中较为……的一个Jackistheyoungerofthetwoboys.Jack是这两个男孩中年龄较小的一个。比较级＋thananyother＋可数名词单数/比较级＋thantheother＋可数名词复数比其他任何一个都……Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.他比班里的其他任何一个男孩都高。He

is

taller

than

the

other

boys

in

his

class.他比班里的其他男孩都高。等级结构及含义例句最高级the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋in/of短语……中最……的一个Jimisthetallestboyofall.Jim是所有男孩中个子最高的。疑问词＋be动词＋the＋最高级……是最……的Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?太阳、月亮和地球哪一个最大?the＋序数词＋最高级第几……TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黄河是中国第二长河。等级结构及含义例句最高级oneofthe＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数最……之一Shanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.上海是世界上最大的城市之一。

表倍数,如“一半/两倍/三倍……”用half/twice/threetimesas...as...结构。Thischairistwiceasbigasthatone.这把椅子是那把椅子的两倍大。

(1)修饰比较级的词有much,even,far,alot,alittle,abit,alittlebit等,表示“……很多;甚至……”等,表程度。It’s

a

lot

larger

than

the

population

of

the

US.它比美国的人口多很多。It’s

a

little

longer

than

the

Yangtze

River.它比长江稍长一点儿。(2)形容词的比较级有时可以和最高级进行转化。“比较级＋thananyother＋可数名词单数/比较级＋thantheother＋可数名词复数”可以转化为最高级。Wang

Wei

is

the

tallest

student

in

his

class.＝Wang

Wei

is

taller

than

any

other

student

in

his

class.＝Wang

Wei

is

taller

than

the

other

students

in

his

class.王伟是他班里最高的学生。考点4

-ing形容词和-ed形容词的用法(1)大多数-ing形容词表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物。(2)大多数-ed形容词表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受,主语一般是人,常用于“sb.＋be动词＋-ed形容词(＋介词)”结构中。-ing形容词-ed形容词例句surprising令人惊讶的surprised感到惊讶的This

is

a

surprising

story.这是一个令人惊讶的故事。I

am

surprised

at

the

news.我对这个消息感到吃惊。(续表)-ing形容词-ed形容词例句interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的I

have

an

interesting

book.我有一本有趣的书。He

is

interested

in

science.他对科学感兴趣。exciting令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的Have

you

heard

of

the

exciting

news?你听说这个令人兴奋的消息了吗?We

are

excited

about

the

traveling.我们对旅行感到兴奋。-ing形容词-ed形容词例句boring乏味的;枯燥的bored感到乏味的The

book

is

so

boring.这本书很乏味。I

am

bored.我感到很无聊。pleasing令人愉悦的pleased满意的;愉快的This

is

a

pleasing

trip.这是一次令人愉快的旅行。The

teacher

is

pleased

with

our

performance.老师对我们的表演很满意。-ing形容词-ed形容词例句frightening引起恐惧的frightened害怕的This

is

a

frightening

story.这是一个令人恐惧的故事。I’m

frightened

of

walking

home

alone

in

the

dark.我害怕在黑夜独自走路回家。moving令人感动的moved感动的Titanic

is

a

moving

film.《泰坦尼克号》是一部感人的电影。We

are

deeply

moved

by

you.我们被你深深地感动了。-ing形容词-ed形容词例句tiring令人疲倦的tired感到疲倦的It’s

a

long

tiring

day.这是又长又累的一天。I’m

too

tired.我太累了。fascinating迷人的fascinated入迷的What

a

fascinating

voice!好迷人的声音啊!I’ve

always

been

fascinated

by

his

ideas.我总是对他的想法极感兴趣。专项能力检测Ⅰ.单项选择1.(2022·新疆)Cindyfelt

A

⁠inhernewschool,soshejoinedsomeclubstomakenewfriends.

A.lonelyB.sleepyC.coldD.hungry2.(2022·天津)Travelingbytrainisslowerthanbyplane.Butit’s

C

⁠thanbyplane.

A.interestingB.lessinterestingC.moreinterestingD.mostinterestingA

C

3.(2022·天津)Ona

D

⁠day,youcanseemostofthecityfromthetopofthetower.

A.rainyB.darkC.snowyD.clear4.(2022·浙江温州)Everybody,pleasekeep

D

⁠.It’snotallowedtomakeanynoiseinthereadingroom.

A.fitB.warmC.dryD.quiet5.(2022·安徽)—JimandIshare

C

⁠tastesandhobbies.

—Nowonderyoutakepartinlotsofmeaningfulsocialactivitiestogether.A.separateB.weakC.similarD.doubleD

D

C

6.(2022·江西)Ionlygotfourhoursofsleeplastnight,soIfeel

A

⁠today.

A.tiredB.lonelyC.hungryD.proud7.(2022·江苏扬州)It’s

D

⁠oftheboytoleavethetaprunning.

A.endlessB.homelessC.meaninglessD.careless8.(2022·贵州铜仁)—UncleWang,couldyoutellmethesecretofyourgoodhealth?—Inmyview,

C

⁠vegetablesand

C

⁠meat.

A.less;lessB.more;moreC.more;lessD.less;moreA

D

C

C

9.(2022·四川泸州)Withahigh-speedtrainstationbuiltinLuzhou,itismuch

A

⁠forustotraveltoChengdu.

A.easierB.easilierC.moreeasyD.moreeasily10.(2022·四川泸州)Hurryup,SuMei!Thegraduationceremonybeginsinasecond.Wehave

C

⁠timeleft.

A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittleA

C

11.(2022·四川自贡改编)—What’sthe

C

⁠riverinChina?

—TheYangtzeRiver.A.longB.longerC.longestD.morelonger12.(2022·江苏连云港)Weare

D

⁠thattheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworld.

A.friendlyB.braveC.nervousD.proudC

D

13.(2022·湖南怀化改编)TheairinHuaihuais

B

⁠thanbefore.

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well14.(2022·江苏无锡)—Cindy,canIlookatyournotebook?Itlooksspecial.—Sorry.Iusuallywritedownsomething

D

⁠init.

A.perfectB.practicalC.pleasantD.privateB

D

15.(2022·湖北武汉)—Everythinghedoesis

C

⁠towhatisconsiderednormal.

—Althoughhelooksalittledifferent,hehasachievedalotinthemathfield.A.similarB.relativeC.oppositeD.close16.(2022·湖南岳阳改编)Withthedevelopmentof5Gtechnology,ourdailyliveshavebecome

A

⁠.

A.moreandmoreconvenientB.themostconvenientC.convenienterandconvenienterD.themoreconvenientC

A

17.(2022·云南)Ourschoollifehasbecome

C

⁠thanbeforebecauseofallkindsofafter-schoolactivities.

A.colorfulB.colorfullyC.morecolorfulD.themostcolorful18.(2022·甘肃武威)—How’sthenewrestaurant?—It’s

D

⁠.Wewaitedalongtimeforthefoodtoarrive.

A.wonderfulB.excitingC.difficultD.awfulC

D

19.(2022·海南改编)—Mom,Ican’ttakecareofMary.Sheiscryingallthetime.—Trytobe

A

⁠,Jack.Yourlittlesisterisill.

A.patientB.seriousC.excitedD.boring20.(2022·云南昆明)Theearlierwetakeactiontoprotectourenvironment,the

A

⁠itwillbeforourfuture.

A.betterB.bestC.worseD.worstA

A

21.(2021·江苏扬州)Ican’tbelieveyoumadethelifelikecatoutofpaper.How

B

⁠youare!

A.loyalB.creativeC.helpfulD.organized22.(2021·安徽)—TheChineselanguageismoreandmorepopular.—Exactly!It’sbecominga

C

⁠languageskillintheinternationalcommunity.

A.similarB.difficultC.necessaryD.traditionalB

C

Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式或汉语提示完成句子。每空—词1.(2022·江苏宿迁改编)—ManystudentsinourclasslikeJamesbecausehenevergetsangryeasily.—Iagreewithyou.Heisvery

patient

⁠(patience).

2.(2022·四川眉山改编)Theyoungmanisnewhereandhehasfewfriends.Sosometimeshefeels

lonely

⁠(孤独的).

3.(2022·四川眉山改编)—Congratulations!Youhavejustpassedthedrivingtest.—Wow,thankyou.Iamso

excited

⁠(excite)tohearthegoodnews.

4.(2022·江苏连云港)ChecktheanswerontheInternetifyouare

unsure/uncertain

⁠(不确定)aboutit.

patient

lonely

excited

unsure/uncertain

5.(2022·湖北随州改编)Heisn’t

tall

⁠(高的)orshort.Heisofmediumheight.

6.(2022·四川成都改编)Schooleducationofferschancesfor

personal

⁠(person)developmenttohelpeachofusrealizeourdream.

7.(2022·新疆)Ithinkthecaris

cheap

⁠(便宜的)andIcanaffordit.

8.(2022·江苏苏州改编)Askingquestionsisoneofthe

easiest

⁠(easy)waystoleadyoutoactivelearning.

9.(2022·江苏苏州改编)Thedoctor’sadviceonkeepinghealthyis

worth

⁠(值得)taking.

10.(2022·云南改编)Everyonecanbean

active

⁠(积极的)persontomakeourmotherlandstronger.tall

personal

cheap

easiest