Making hello.py- a Customized Greeting Python Script 制作 hello.py：自定义问候语 Python 脚本

Project10:PythononWindows 15Points

CNIT123-Bowne Page

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WhatYouNeedforThisProject

AcomputerrunningWindows(anyversion)withInternetaccess.Youneedadministratorprivileges.Thiscanbeeitherarealorvirtualmachine.TheinstructionsbelowassumeyouareusingWindows7.

AcomputerrunningLinux(anyversion).TheinstructionsbelowassumeyouareusingUbuntu.

DownloadingandInstallingActivePython

Startabrowserandgoto/activepython/downloads

Clicktheblue"DownloadActivePython2.7.1forWindows(x86)"button,asshowntotherightonthispage.

Savethefileonyourdesktopandrunit.Installthesoftwarewithallthedefaultselections.

StartingActivePython

ClickStart,"PythonInteractiveShell".

“HelloWorld”inPython

A"PythonInteractiveShell".windowopens.Atthe>>>prompt,typeinthiscommand,thenpresstheEnterkey:

print"HelloWorld!"

Theresultistoprint“HelloWorld!”onthenextline,asshowntotherightonthispage.

MakingaCustomizedGreetinginInteractivePython

Atthe>>>prompt,typeinthiscommand,thenpresstheEnterkey:

name=raw_input("Whatisyourname:")

Thenextlineaskswhatyournameis.TypeinyournameandpressEnter.

Thenextlineshowsa>>>prompt.Yournamehasnowbeenstoredinthevariablename.Toseethat,atthe>>>prompt,typeinthiscommand,thenpresstheEnterkey:

printname

Youshouldseeyournameonthenextline,asshowntotherightonthispage.

Thevariablenamepersistsuntilyouchangeit,orclosePython.Youcanuseitagain.Toseethat,atthe>>>prompt,typeinthiscommand,thenpresstheEnterkey:

print“Hello”,name

Youshouldseeyourcustomizedgreeting.

Closethe"PythonInteractiveShell"window.

Makinghello.py:aCustomizedGreetingPythonScript

Theinteractiveshellisgoodforsimple,shortactions,butit’snotagoodwaytomakealongscript.Tocreateascript,clickStartandtypePYTHONintotheSearchbox.Thenclick"IDLE(PythonGUI)".A"PythonShell"windowopens.

Fromthemenubar,clickFile,"NewWindow".

Inthe*Untitled*box,accepttypeinthescriptshowntotherightonthispage.Thefirsttwolinesarecomments,indicatedbythe#sign.

Aftertypinginyourscript,fromthe*Untitled*menubar,clickFile,Save.SaveitintheDocumentslibrarywiththenamehello.PythonWinwilladdthefileextension.pytothefilename.

Torunthescript,fromthehellomenubar,clickRun,"RunModule".

Bluetextappearsinthe"PythonShell"windowaskingforyourname.TypeinyournameandpressEnter.

Themessage"Hello"followedbyyournameappearsonthenextline,asshowntotherightonthispage.

SavingtheScreenImage

PressthePrntScnkeytocopythedesktoptotheclipboard.StartPaintandpastetheimageintoit.SavetheimagewiththefilenameYour

Name

Proj

10a.

StartingaNetcatListenerinUbuntuLinux

Nowwe’llopenasocketfromPythononWindowstoNetcatonLinux,andtransferdatabothways.

StartyourUbuntuLinuxmachineandloginasusual.

FromtheUbuntumenubar,clickApplications,Accessories,Terminal.

IntheTerminalwindow,afterthe$prompt,enterthiscommand,thenpresstheEnterkey:

UbuntuIP:________________________

ifconfig

FindtheIPaddressforyoureth0interfaceandwriteitintheboxtotherightonthispage.

Wewillusenetcattolistenforinbounddata.Afterthe$prompt,typeinthiscommand,thenpresstheEnterkey:

nc–l4242

NotethatthefirstswitchisalowercaseL,notthenumeral1.Thiswillstartaprocesslisteningonport4242ontheLinuxmachine.

DisplayingtheListeningSocketsontheUbuntuMachine

Leavetheterminalwindowshowingthenccommandalone,andfromtheUbuntumenubar,clickApplications,Accessories,TerminaltoopenasecondTerminalwindow.

InthenewTerminalwindow,afterthe$prompt,enterthiscommand,thenpresstheEnterkey:

netstat–l--protocol=inet

Youshouldseealistofnetworkconnectionsthatarelistening,asshownbelowonthispage.Lookforthelinethatshows*:4242–that’sthenetcatlistener,waitingforanyincomingconnectionsonport4242.

EstablishingaTCPSocketinPythononWindows

Fromthemenubar,clickFile,"NewWindow".

Inthe*Untitled*box,typeinthescriptshownbelowonthispage.PutyourUbuntumachine’sIPaddressinthesecondline—that’sthenumberyouwroteintheboxonapreviouspageoftheseinstructions.

Aftertypinginyourscript,fromthe*Untitled*menubar,clickFile,Save.SaveitintheDocumentslibrarywiththenameYourNameProj10.PythonWinwilladdthefileextension.pytothefilename.

Torunthescript,fromthehellomenubar,clickRun,"RunModule".

NothinghappensontheWindowsmachine,unlessyouhavemadeatypographicalerrorinthescript.

ObservingtheSessionEstablishedontheWindowsMachine

LeavethePythonWinwindowsalonefornow.

FromtheWindowsdesktop,clickStart,Run.TypeinCMDandpresstheEnterkey.

IntheCommandPromptwindow,enterthiscommandandpresstheEnterkey:

netstat-n

Youshouldseealistofnetworkconnections.LookforthelinethatshowsaForeignAddressendingwith:4242(secondfromthebottominthefigurebelow).TheconnectionshouldshowaStateofESTABLISHED.

SavingtheScreenImage

PressthePrntScnkeytocopythedesktoptotheclipboard.Openpaintandpasteintheimage.SavetheimagewiththefilenameYour

Name

Proj

10b.

ReceivingandSendingDataWiththeUbuntuLinuxMachine

LeavethePythonWinwindowsaloneontheWindowsXPmachine.

ReturntotheUbuntumachine.LookattheTerminalwindowthatisrunningthenetcatlistener.YoushouldseethetextsentfromtheWindowsmachineonit:“HellofromWindows!”asshowntotherightonthispage.

ClickintheTerminalwindow,andtypeinthemessage“HifromLinux!”Thenpressthe