微生物生态学课件

微生物生态学课件微生物生态学课件微生物生态学课件Heavymetalsbeingtransferredtohumansviathefoodchainwouldfinallythreatenhumanbeingshealth.人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。微生物生态学课件微生物生态学课件微生物生态学课件人有了知识，1Heavymetalsbeingtransferredtohumansviathefoodchainwouldfinallythreatenhumanbeingshealth.Heavy–metalpollutantsHeavy–metalpollutants微生物生态学课件BioremediationonheavymetalsBioremediationonheavymetalsMetalresistanceofmicroorganismsPlantrhizospherebacteria

PlantendophyticbacteriaMetalresistanceofmicroorganGrowinplantrootsystem.Withbacteria,actinomycetes,fungi,algae,andtheprotozoa.

Alternaterelationshipbetweenthemandplant.Plantrootsinteractionandpromoteeachother.RhizospherebacteriaGrowinplantrootsystem.Rh6BacteriaWidelydistributed,manyvarieties,fastmetabolismandreproduction.Chemicalcompositionofbacterialcellwallscontainmanyheavymetalionsadsorptiongroups,suchascarboxyl,amino,hydroxyl.Bacteria7微生物生态学课件8CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria9FungiSmallmold,single-celledyeastandfruitingbodyoflarge-scalefungus.Theircellwallscontainconsistslargelyofchitinandglucan.Fungihavepotentialforheavymetaladsorptionability.Fungi10

SaccharomycesCerevisiaeWhite-rotfungiadsorbePb2+,thehighestremovalratecanreach95%.

BlackrhizopusadsorbeAg+,Pb2,Li+andCd2+,Zn2+andNi2+,Cu2+,suchasheavymetalions.

SaccharomycesCerevisiaeWhit11AlageWidedistribution,agoodbiologicaladsorbent.Thewallsofalgaehasalargersurfacearea.Cellwallshaveacertainchargeandviscous,thesecharacteristicsmakethemetalionhastheability.AlageWidedistribution,agood12ScenedesmusObliquusHasalargeradsorptioncapacitytoUO22+.TheUO22+concentrationinthewaterfrom5.0mg/Lfellto0.05mg/L.ScenedesmusObliquusHasalarg13Akindofparasiticbacteriainplantbody,allplantshaveendophytes.Endophyticbacteria(PGPB)isakindofparasiticlife,promotethegrowthofthehost.Canenhanceplantresistancetopathogens,drought,heavymetal.

EndophyticbacteriaEndophyticbacteria14FromElsholtzia

splendensandduckplantargrass(Commelinacommunis).

FromElsholtziasplendensand15Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria.Thesebacteriastrainsincopperresistanceofmaingroups.Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,P16TheCr6+resistantplantgrowthpromotingbacteria(PGPB),Pseudomonassp.PsA4andBacillussp.Ba32wereisolatedfromheavymetalcontaminatedsoilsandtheirplantgrowthpromotingactivityontheIndian

mustard.TheCr6+resistantplantgrowt17Releaseofchelatingagentandironcarrier.Acidificationofthesoilenvironment,ChangetheREDOXpotential.Reducetheabsorption.IncreasethedischargeOxidationreductionModeofresistancetoheavy-metalModeofresistancetoheavy-18Mechanismsofresistencetoheavy-metalInteractionOxidationReduceAdsorptionAcidificationbondedIncreaseMechanismsofresistencetohe19Reducetheabsorption

theheavymetalcontentinthemicrobialcellsatalowlevelismaintainedwithoutcausingtoxiceffectsoncells.AsatypeofstaphresistanceofCd2+isthecase.Reducetheabsorption20Increasethedischargesomemicroorganismsmaybeproactivemannerbyheavymetalionswithinthecellisdischargedoutsidethecell,thusmaintaininglowlevelsofthecell.AsonekindofresistancetoBacilluscopper.Increasethedischarge21Oxidationreductionmanymicrobialoxidationorbyreduction(inmostcases)fromthehightoxicityoftheheavymetaltransformedintolesstoxicvalencevalencestate,therebyliftingtheheavymetaltoxicity.Forexample,theresistanceofmercurythatisthecase.Oxidationreduction22Bondedtotheoutercells

Reducingtheconcentrationoftoxicheavymetalsintheenvironment,thepurposeofdetoxification.Escherichiacolicopperresistanceeffectasthatisso,itcanbesecretedproteinscapableofbindingtocopperions,therebyreducingtheeffectiveconcentrationofcopperions.Bondedtotheoutercells23Adsorption

Manymicrobialcellsurfacehasaspecialstructure,canabsorbheavymetalionsandthustoreducetheconcentrationofheavymetalionsinsolution.Adsorption24

CurrentresearchprogressMustard(Brassicajuncea)andCr-resistantstrains.Cr-resistantstrainsplantappliedtoMustardIncreasebiomessresault

Currentresearchprogress25Cr-resistantstrainsPseudomonassp.PsA4andBacillussp.Ba32appliedtomustard(Brassicajuncea).TheresultsshowedthatvaccinatedPsA4mustardorBa32haveincreasedin95.3mg/gand198.3mg/gCr(6+)biomassinthesoil.Cr-resistantstrainsPseudomo26Castor(Ricinuscommunis)andnickel,zincresistancestrains.isolateelecteinoculateincreaseCastor(Ricinuscommunis)and27isolatedfromtherhizospheresoilmicrobes,afternickel,zincresistancescreening.

electedtheheavymetalresistantstrainsPseudomonassp.AndPseudomonasjessenii.inoculatedthemtocastor(Ricinuscommunis),theyfoundasignificantincreasecastorbiomass,andincreasedtheaccumulationofZn,Ni,Cu's.微生物生态学课件28ProspectsHeavymetalcontaminationofsoilgrowingprobleminmanyoptionsinphytoremediationhasitsuniqueadvantages,thefocusoftheproblemishowtoincreasetheresistanceofplantstoheavymetals.Prospects