同位语从句讲解及练习

同位语从句讲解及练习DocumentnumberBGCG57-BTDO-0089-2022在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常MrWangmychild’steacher,willbevisitinguson作同位语estgirlinthefamilyalwayshadtocarefor引语作同位语Butnowthequestioncomestotheirminds,“Didshedieclone题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗”.句子作同位语Thegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscan一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内tourteamhad①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words(消息)，possibility等。(承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消mMrWangwithamessagethathewontbeableafternoonsuggestion,resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气(即should+动词原形；should可省)TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromthe③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnot二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how,when,where等。(注：if,which1.连词that引导同位语从句(注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略)Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingiswrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。(作ide【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也HegrabbedhissuitcaseandgavetheimpressionhewasboardingtheTokyoplane.2.连词whether引导同位语从句(注：if不能引导同位语从句)ThequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasctorHemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.3.其它引导词引导的同位语从句A、连接代词what,who,whom,whose引导同位语从句atsizeshoesshewears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。(what作定语)equestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotB、连接副词when,where,how,why引导同位语从句WehaventyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtoMyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthe。eralyearslaterwordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascoming句的区别是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：Wearegladatthenewsthathewillcome.thatWearegladatthenewsthathetoldus.enews兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的new饰词语的区别A．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question，thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。TheboywhoisplayingfootballismyclassmateosewhoworkhardwillsucceedThefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedThefactthatyouaretalkingaboutisimportant．是定语从句，其先行词是名词B．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing．Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback．when引导的定语从句，其先行词day是表示时间的when引导的同位语从句，其先行词idea则不是表定语从句和同位语从句共同的引导词有四个：that，when，where，why词分成两类说明它们在两种从句中的不同用法。A．引导词that引导定语从句的that叫做关系代词，它除了起连接作用，还在定语从句中充当一定成分，并且在意义上代表先行词；引导同位语从句的that叫做从属连词，它只起连接作用。不能省略。Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallyexciting．Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．。的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语B．引导词when，where，why引导定语从句时，它们叫做关系副词，在从句中充当状语，可以转换成"介词＋关系代词"的形式；引导同位语从句时，它们叫做连接副词，在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词＋关系代词"的形式。IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy．WehavenoideawhenshewasbornenThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago．HeputforwardtothequestionwherethemeetingwouldbeereThisisthereasonwhyshewillnotattendthemeeting．TheteacherhadnoideawhyJackwasabsent．whichy1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。rWangwithamessagethathewontbetoseeyouthisafternoon消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你2.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedoor同位语从句前名词的数语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnot句的语气在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowweshouldusethe4、同位语从句的先行词同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea,situationthought,fact,evidence,belief,doubt,fear,hope,question,theory,news,order,ability等等。HowdidthecheatsexplainthefactthattheEmperordidn'tnewclothesinhim衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其后that同位语从句的先行词。IoweittoyouthatIamstillalive.itthat作是动词或介词的真正宾语。一般认为，这种it后的that从句应看作it的同位语，因为它相当于“主语+be+表语”结构。Youmustseetoitthatthechildrendon'tcatchcold.YoumustseetoitandItisthatthechildrendontcatch5、短语及固定句式后的同位语从句lcomeonconditionthatJohnisOnconditiononsuppositiononthegroundsontheunderstandingwiththeexceptioninspiteofthefact,ontheassumptionThereBEnodoubt(hope,chance,wasbecauseofhehadbeenworkinghard.AthatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact2."IsMaryfromNewYorkCity""Idon'tknow_______."A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromBfromwhatcityshecomeCwhatcitydoesshecomefromDwhatcityshecomesfrommakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.AWhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.WhateverThereasonwhyIdidntgotoShanghaiwas________anewAbecauseIgotB.becauseofgettingCIgotD.thatIgot5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for6.Henrykilledthedog.I'llaskhimwhy________.A.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD.hehasdoneso7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow________.A.howheisgettingalongBhowishegettingalongCwhatheisgettingalongDwhatishegettingalongItisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorwantsAhoweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever9.Heaskedme________withme.AwhatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwasC.whatwasthematterD.whattroubleitisIamsure__hesaidistrue.AthatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhatWhenandwhyhecamehere_____yet.AisnotknownB.arenotknownChasnotknownDhavenotbeewonderhowmuch________.A.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcostCthewatchcostedD.thewatchcostsMaryis_someonemightrecognizeher.A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidforeasonfordismissingherA.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateCThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.BeingafewminuteslateTheycametotheconclusion____byacomputer.A.thatnotallthingscanbedoneBbecauseofnotallthingsbedoneCbeingnotallthingscanbedoneDbecausenotallthingscanbedoneplosionoccurredwasthelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.thatIdontdoubt___he'llcome.AthatB.ifC.whatD.whetherWhydidyougotothewrongclassMr.Wang"Well,Iforget_______Iwassupposedtogoto."AwhichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasitnowsixtimesitwasbeforeliberationAthatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhichMaryHelenisamerewasherwomanyetshe'snowbuyingabighouse.Carol:Yes.Becauseshe'salwayssaved________.A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearnsCforlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearnsrisedmemostwassuchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.AThat..whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which22.Wegavehim________helpwecould.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.thisSheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand________youhavetoldhim.A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthatExcusemewouldyoupleasetellme_____AwhenthesportsmeetistakenplaceBwhenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheldCwhenisthesportsmeettobeginDwhenthesportsmeetistotakeplaceDoyouhappentoknow___AwhatsizeshoeshewearsBhowbigshoeshewearsCwhatisthesizeofhisshoesDwhatnumbershoesarehisThisbookwillshowyou______canbeusedinothercontexts.AhowyouhaveobservedBhowwhatyouhaveobservedhatyouhaveobservedDhowthatyouhaveobservedWheredoyouthink__AhashegoneB.hashebeenChesgoneD.washeDoyouknow_AhowmanypopulationsthereareintheworldBhowmuchpopulationthereisintheworldC.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisD.whatthepopulationoftheworldisWouldyougoandsee_____outsideAwhattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappenedCwhatishappeningDwhatthematterhadbeenThesubjectofWhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim."is_______.A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.IinkheisCharlesA.WhodoyouthinkheisB.DoyouthinkwhoheisC.WhomdoyouthinkheisD.Doyouthinkwhoheis32.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom________.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein33.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.AthatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat34.Thecityisnolonger________.A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitsedtobe35.Myparentsused________theyhadtogetanewcarforme.AwhichB.thatC.whatD.allwhatwegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doCIfdoesD.That...doeswastheidea_______thewifethoughtofAWhat..thatB.That...whatC.How...whyD.Why...howdidhetellhiswife_____hewishedtodoAThat..whatB.What...thatC.Where...whichD.Which...whereofthemenheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthat40.Ihavenoidea________ornothehasfinishedthework.AifB.thatC.whetherD.which41."Doyouknow________""Hisfatherisadoctor."A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfatherC.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatherisIsthis________wemeteachothertwoyearsagoAplaceB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhich43.It________Bobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtallknowthetruththereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.AwhereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwhereverTheydiscussed____theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers'help.AifB.thatC.whatD.whether46.Sheasked________.A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupBwhatwasIdoingwhensherangmeupCwhensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingDwhendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoingMayIborrowthering-Youcantake_______youlike.A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.that48.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.AwhatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautifulCbeautifuliswhatDwhatitisbeautiful9.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,sendDoyouknow___heexpectswillgiveusatalkAwhoB.whomC.thatD.whose51.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterday_________itwasaholiday.A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butforistodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.AWhicheverishardB.NomatterwhatishardCWhatishardDAllwhatishardtheboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.AThatB.WhatC.HowD.WhichAsthedaywasfineImadethesuggestion______forawalkinthepark.gowillgowegowegowecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.AWhat,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,whatyoudon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.AWhatB.WhoC.ThatD.WhetherYoucantimaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.AhowtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereChowexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcitedwe'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where60________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.AWhat…thatB.That…whatCWhythatDIf…whatgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.AThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.AWhenB.WhyC.WhatD.Thathousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.AIfB.WhereC.ThatD.Whatwon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.AHowB.WhatC.WhyD.Thiscomeornotisuptoyou.AWhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whethermistakesmustcorrectthem.AWhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybodywillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.AWhichB.ThatC.IfD.Howdayslaterwordcameourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.AwhichB.whenC.thatD.whereproblemis________willgotot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