命题点1 名词的数

第三部分

语法专题精讲练专题二

名词命题点1

名词的数句法功能位置例句作主语句首Englishis

my

favorite

subject.作宾语介词或动词后He

usually

goes

to

school

by

bike.She

bought

a

new

dress.作表语系动词后He

is

a

great

inventor.作定语名词前We

are

discussing

the

populationproblem.知识必备

名词的位置及其常见的句法功能句法功能位置例句作同位语名词（短语）或代词后Mr.

Wang,

our

English

teacher,

is

very

knowledgeable.作宾补名词（短语）或代词后She

found

him

a

very

good

pupil.续表1.判定所选名词是可数名词还是不可数名词可数名词不可数名词①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，如：a

desk，

two

desks；②可数名词前面可以被冠词、基数词、序数词、指示代词、many等词直接修饰，如：an

egg,

three

girls,

these

singers；①不可数名词没有复数形式，如：beef,

ice，

peace；②不可数名词不可以被不定冠词（a/an）、基数词、序数词、指示代词、many等词直接修饰;

名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。可数名词不可数名词③只修饰可数名词的修饰语a/an一个

this

这个that那个

these这些those那些

every/each每个another另一个

many

许多few几乎没有a

few一些；几个several

一些；几个any

other其他任何一个a

couple

of两个；几个a

pair

of一双many

a很多quite

a

few很多a

（great/large）

number

of

很多③表示不可数名词的具体数量时，其结构为：数词/不定冠词+表示计量的词+of+不可数名词，如：the

rest

of

money,

a

piece

of

cake,

two

cups

of

coffee；表示不可数名词的大概数量时，可在不可数名词前加表示大概数量的限定词，如：some

water

一些水；

much

time很多时间；④只修饰不可数名词的修饰语little很少；几乎没有

a

little

有一点儿much很多a

bit

of

有一点儿a

good/great

deal

of很多a

large

amount

of大量的续表可数名词不可数名词既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语some/any一些

a

lot

of

很多

lots

of很多

plenty

of充足的enough足够的

most

大多数的

hardly

any几乎没有the

rest

of

剩下的续表

有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但含义不同，常见的有：名词可数不可数名词可数不可数chicken小鸡鸡肉orange橙子橙汁experience经历经验paper试卷；论文纸exercise练习题锻炼radio收音机无线电glass玻璃杯玻璃room房间空间iron熨斗铁time次数;倍数时间life生命生活wood树林木头;木材light电灯光;光线work作品工作2.判断可数名词用单数形式还是复数形式（1）填单数形式的判定方法①a/an/this/that/every/each/another/either/one/序数词/any

other+可数名词单数；②可数名词单数（主语）+be动词单数形式/谓语动词的单三形式；③结合上下文语境或句中对应的提示词，如：it,

its；④专有名词或固定搭配中，如：the

Great

Wall，

next

door。（2）填复数形式的判定方法①these/those/普通不定代词（many/some/several/few/a

few/both/all/other

等）/大于1的基数词/one

of（+the+形容词最高级）/quite

a

few/a

pair

of/a

couple

of/a

（great/large）

number

of/different

kinds

of/all

kinds

of/many

of/some

of+可数名词复数；②both/either/neither/all/none

of+可数名词复数；③可数名词复数（主语）+be

动词复数形式/动词原形；④结合上下文语境或句中对应的提示词，如：they,

them,

their；⑤通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词：chopsticks

筷子，

clothes

衣服，

glasses

眼镜,

scissors

剪刀，socks

袜子，

trousers

裤子;⑥大于1的基数词+men/women+可数名词复数，如:two

women

teachers。拓展初中常见的集合名词有两类：（1）形式为单数，但意义可分为单数和复数。如：family,

team,

group,

class等。当它们作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用单数；若强调集体中的成员，谓语用复数。如：His

family

is

large./His

family

are

waiting

for

him.（2）形式为单数，但意义永远为复数。如：people，

police，可与the连用，谓语动词用复数。如：The

police

are

asking

him

something

about

the

event.随堂练一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子praise

phone

safety

habitpleasure

student

suggestion1.The

writer

received

high

_______

because

of

his

famous

novel

on

nature

and

human.praise2.For

your

own

_______，

you

shouldn’t

climb

mountains

alone.safety3.There

are

many

exchange

_________

in

our

school.

They

come

from

all

over

the

world.students4.She

is

always

ready

to

help

others.

Helping

others

can

bring

her

great

_________.pleasure5.Mrs.

Black

gave

us

several

___________

on

how

to

learn

English

well.suggestions6.People

are

usually

required

to

turn

off

their

________

when

they

are

having

a

meeting.phones7.I

have

a

______

of

doing

exercise

every

day.

It

has

been

a

part

of

my

life.habit二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成语篇patience

money

silence

hotel

storyexperience

way

word

stranger

moment

Several

years

ago

my

family

moved

to

New

York

for

work.

We

lived

in

a（n）

1.______

next

to

Central

Park.

One

morning

when

I

planned

to

run

in

the

park,

my

wife

asked

me

to

buy

something

on

my

2._____

back.

She

gave

me

a

＄10.

As

a

result,

this

3.___________

made

me

regretful.hotelwayexperience

When

I

was

running,

a

4._________

ran

bumped（碰撞）

into

me.

I

thought

it

was

strange

so

I

checked

my

pocket

and

found

the

5._______

was

missing.

I

quickly

ran

after

him

and

I

lost

6._________.

I

started

shouting

and

asking

him

to

give

me

back

the

＄10.

He

quickly

gave

me

the

money

without

saying

any

7._______

to

me.

I

bought

things

and

went

home.

Before

I

told

my

wife

the

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