山东省临沂市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题 （含答案解析）

临沂市2023级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷英语注意事项：1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesTomneedtodoinordertoplayfootball?A.Changehisplans.B.Findhisshoes.C.Buyafootballshirt.2.Whyisn'tthewomanspeakingmuch?A.Shewantstoprotecthervoice.B.Sheisfeelingshy.C.Sheistired.3.Howdidthewomangettoherhotel?A.Bytaxi.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.4.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardtheman?A.Friendly.B.Annoyed.C.Sorry.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Safetyrules.B.Adviceforstudying.C.Atrafficticket.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话,回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Recommendagym.B.Gotoexerciseclasses.C.Loseweight.7.Whichplacewillthewomanprobablygoto?A.Larry's.B.Gold'sGym.C.ThegymonPorterStreet.听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。8.Whydidthewomantakepicturesofherapartment?A.Toputthemonthewall.B.Toshowthemtoherfriends.C.Tosendthemtoherparents.9.Whichroomdoesthewomanlikethemost?A.Thestudy.B.Thelivingroom.C.Thebedroom.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Howdothespeakerscommunicate?A.Facetoface.B.Throughemail.C.Byvoicecall.11.Whywasthemancertainaboutthesize?A.He'sastallasGary.B.HeaskedGaryhimself.C.HeborrowedGary'sshoesbefore.12.Howmucharetheshoes?A.20pounds.B.25pounds.C.45pounds.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakersprobably?A.Strangers.B.Friends.C.Neighbors.14.Whatdoesthewomanwant?A.ChangeforE20.B.Parkingfees.C.Interviewskills.15.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman'ssituation?A.Surprised.B.Understandable.C.Confused.16.Whatwillthewomandotoday?A.Takeanexam.B.Quit(离开)herjob.C.Haveaninterview.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Hiscolleagues(同事).B.Hisstudents,C.Hisfriends.18.What'stheoffficiallanguageofIndonesia?A.English.B.Vietnamese.C.BahasaIndonesia.19.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkaboutlifeinBali?A.Serious.B.RelaxingC.Quiet.20.WhatdothedifferentislandsinIndonesiahave?A.Theirownlanguage.B.Theirowntransportsystem.C.Theirownreligion(宗教).第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共11小题；每小题2.5分,满分27.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AIfyou’rethinkingabouttryingsurfing,butdon’tknowwheretogo,herearefourplacesrecommendedonGooglereviews.AdventureAccessLocation:SeahamHarbourMarina,Scaham,SR77EYRating:4.8Ahappyvisitorwrote:“IhadthebesttimeimprovingmysurfingskillswithAdventureAccess.Itonlyneeds£18tousetheirequipment(装备)foranhouronthewater.Iimmediatelybookedanothertime!Ihighlyrecommendthisplace.”SeatonCarewBeachLocation:HanlepoolMarinaBay,NewsKentCountyRating:4.5Avisitorwrote:“Theclimatehereiswarmalltheyear,soyouwillfeelcomfortablewhilesurfingwhateverseasonitis.What’smore,thesandhereissosoftthatIhadaperfectfeelingwhenweplaybeachsports.Comehereandenjoyyourself.”WhiteWaterCentreLocation:TeesBarrageWay,Stockton-on-TeesRating:4.6Acouplewrote:“MyhusbandandIbookedaone-hourlessonforkayaking(划皮划艇)andpaddleboarding(桨板冲浪).Wehadneverdoneeitherbefore.Kylewasourinstructorandhewasverypatienttoteachus.Whateveryourage,haveago,evenifyouhavenosenseofbalance.”NorthEastWakeParkLocation:BishoplonLakeStocklon-on-TeesRating:4.7Avisitorwrote:“Todaywasourfirsttimetryingsomethinglikethisanditwasgreatfun.Itisperfect,whateverlevelyouareat.Theteamtherewasveryfriendly,soIhighlyrecommendthisplace.”1.WhatisthelocationofScatonCarewBeach?A.BishoptonLake,Stockton-on-Tees.B.TeesBarrageWay,Stockton-on-Tees.C.HanlepoolMarinaBay,NewsKentCounty.D.SeahamHarbourMarina,Seaham,SR77EY.2.Whichplaceisrecommendedforitsgoodprice?A.AdventureAccess. B.WhiteWaterCentre.C.SeatonCarewBeach. D.NorthEastWakePark.3.WhatdoWhiteWateCentreandNorthEastWakeParkhaveincommon?A.Theyarefreefortheold. B.Theyarebeginnerfriendly.C.Theyhaveallkindsofwateractivities. D.Theyaremostsuitableforyoungpeople.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个Google评论中推荐的冲浪地点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SeatonCarewBeach下的“Location:HanlepoolMarinaBay,NewsKentCounty(地点：汉勒浦滨海湾，纽肯特县)”可知，ScatonCarewBeach位于HanlepoolMarinaBay,NewsKentCounty，故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AdventureAccess下的“Itonlyneeds£18tousetheirequipment(装备)foranhouronthewater.Iimmediatelybookedanothertime!Ihighlyrecommendthisplace.(只需要18英镑就可以在水上使用他们的设备一个小时。我马上又预订了一次！我强烈推荐这个地方。)”可知，AdventureAccess因价格合理受到推荐，故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WhiteWaterCentre下的“Wehadneverdoneeitherbefore.Kylewasourinstructorandhewasverypatienttoteachus.Whateveryourage,haveago,evenifyouhavenosenseofbalance.(我们以前从未做过。凯尔是我们的导师，他非常有耐心地教我们。无论你的年龄多大，即使你没有平衡感，也要试一试。)”及NorthEastWakePark下的“Itisperfect,whateverlevelyouareat.(无论你处于什么水平，它都是完美的。)”可知，WhiteWateCentre和NorthEastWakePark都适合初学者，故选B项。BMorganRidler,atwo-year-oldboyfromWelsh,wasdiagnosed(诊断)withadrenocorticalcarcinomalastyear.HehadtoleavehishomeinSwanseatosufferariskyoperation(手术)inBirminghambecausethedoctorsthere“weretheonlyoneswillingtotakeitonwithsuchlowsurvivalrates—onlya10percentchanceofsurvival.WhenastudentnurseheardhisWelsh-speakingmothercomfortinghimintheirnativelanguageshedecidedtomakesureMorganwouldnotfeelfrightenedwhenhisfamilywereawayduringthenights.ShewroteaseriesofcomfortingWelshwordsonMorgan’sbedsidenotes,includingtheirphonetic(语音的)spelling,tomakesureallthedoctorsandnursestreatinghimcouldcomforttheiryoungpatientifneeded.Thewordsincluded,“You’reOK”and“You’resafe”.ItwasnotuntilayearlaterthatNatalieRidler,32,hismother,learntabouttheactofkindness,aftersherequestedacopyofhismedicalnotestohelptomakesenseofwhathehadgonethrough.“IwanttosaythankyoutoherandIhavenominated(提名)herforastudentnursingawardtothankherforgoingaboveandbeyond,”Ridlersaid.Ridlerpostedabouttheactofkindnessonsocialmediaandwantedtopublicizeit.IntheFaccbookpost,Ridlersaid,“….itmademyheartsofull.Whatanunbelievablenurseshewillmakeoneday.”ThenursegotintouchwiththefamilyandspokewithRidleroverthephone.ThenursetoldRidlershehasnowgraduatedandisduetostartherfirstroleinICUnextweek.Morganisnowjustwaitingforasmalloperationtoremovehistreatmentlineintohischest.“Afterthathecanringhisbelltosayheisallclear,”Ridlersaid.4.MorganRidlerwassenttoahospitalinBirminghambecause_________.A.thedoctorstherewereveryskilledB.thehospitalsthereareingoodconditionC.theriskoftheoperationthereisextremelylowD.onlythedoctorstherewerereadytotakehimin5.WhatdidthestudentnursedotohelpMorgan?A.SheoperatedonMorganherself.B.Sheinstructedhimtoringthebell.C.SheleftWelshwordsfordoctorstocomfortMorgan.D.ShepostedthestoryonlinetoraisemoneyforMorgan.6.HowdidRidlerexpressherthankstothenurse?A.Byvisitingherinperson. B.Bysendingheranemail.C.Byproposingherforanaward. D.ByofferingherajobinICU.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethenurse?A.Calmandbrave. B.Caringandthoughtful.C.Skillfulandpolite. D.Confidentandoutgoing.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个暖心的故事。一名实习护士为确保一个两岁的患儿的家人晚上不在的时候不会感到害怕，她在摩根的床边笔记上用孩子的家乡语言写下了一系列安慰的纸条，包括语音拼写，以确保所有治疗他的医生和护士都能在需要时安慰他们的小病人。一年以后孩子的母亲才得知此事，这位母亲把护士的善意做法发到网络媒体上，表示感谢。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“HehadtoleavehishomeinSwanseatosufferariskyoperation(手术)inBirminghambecausethedoctorsthere“weretheonlyoneswillingtotakeiton”withsuchlowsurvivalrates—onlya10percentchanceofsurvival.(他不得不离开他在斯旺西的家去伯明翰接受一个有风险的手术，因为那里的医生是“唯一愿意收治他的人”，这个手术存活率如此之低——只有10%的存活率)”可知，Morgan被送去伯明翰的医院去是因为只有那里的医生愿意收治这样的病人，为他做这个风险很高的手术。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhenastudentnurseheardhisWelsh-speakingmothercomfortinghimintheirnativelanguageshedecidedtomakesureMorganwouldnotfeelfrightenedwhenhisfamilywereawayduringthenights.ShewroteaseriesofcomfortingWelshwordsonMorgan'sbedsidenotes,includingtheirphoneticspelling,tomakesureallthedoctorsandnursestreatinghimcouldcomforttheiryoungpatientifneeded.(当一名实习护士听到他说威尔士语的母亲用母语安慰他时，她决定确保摩根在家人晚上不在的时候不会感到害怕。她在摩根的床边笔记上写下了一系列安慰的威尔士语，包括它们的语音拼写，以确保所有治疗他的医生和护士都能在需要时安慰他们的小病人)”可知，这位实习护士给医生留下一些安慰的纸条，以便夜晚孩子害怕时得到安慰。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“IwanttosaythankyoutoherandIhavenominated(提名)herforastudentnursingawardtothankherforgoingaboveandbeyond.(我想对她说声谢谢，我已经提名她为学生护理奖，以感谢她所做的一切)”可知，这位母亲提名实习护士竞选一个奖项，以此表示她的感谢。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“WhenastudentnurseheardhisWelsh-speakingmothercomfortinghimintheirnativelanguageshedecidedtomakesureMorganwouldnotfeelfrightenedwhenhisfamilywereawayduringthenights.ShewroteaseriesofcomfortingWelshwordsonMorgan'sbedsidenotes,includingtheirphonetic(语音的)spelling,tomakesureallthedoctorsandnursestreatinghimcouldcomforttheiryoungpatientifneeded.Thewordsincluded,“You’reOK”and“You’resafe”.(当一名实习护士听到他说威尔士语的母亲用母语安慰他时，她决定确保摩根在家人晚上不在的时候不会感到害怕。她在摩根的床边笔记上写下了一系列安慰的威尔士语，包括它们的语音拼写，以确保所有治疗他的医生和护士都能在需要时安慰他们的小病人。这些话包括‘你没事’和‘你很安全’)”可知，这位护士是有爱心，为他人考虑，细心体贴的。故选B项。CChildrenatboardingschoolgetthebestnight’ssleepbecauseofstrictlightsouttime,accordingtoarecentstudy,whichwaspresentedatSleepDownUnder,the33rdyearlyscientificmeetingoftheAustralasianSleepAssociation.ProfessorKurtLushington,apsychologistwholedthestudy;said,“Itisanaturalisticexperimentshowingthekeytogoodsleepinteenagersisquitesimple:agoodtimetableandnomobiledevices(设备)atnight.”Overthepast20years,thetimechildrenspendsleepinghasfallenandonlyhalfregularlygetmorethansevenhours.Therecommendedamountiseighttoten.Thebiggestproblemsaresmartphonesandtablets(平板电脑)whosebluelightwakesthebrain,makingithardertodropoff.AnAustralianteamcomparedsleeppatterns(方式)of15to18-year-oldsataschoolinAdelaide.The59boardershadtoleavetheirphonesinakitchenareaorontheirdeskbeforebedandturntheirlightsoutbyasettime.Theyslept-foranaverage8hour26minutesanightcomparedwith7hours46minutesfordaypupils.Lack(缺少)ofsleepaffectsmentalhealthandschoolperformance(表现)andcausesbehaviouralproblems.Ithasalsobeenconnectedwiththechildobesityepidemicandotherdiseases.ThisyearanAmericanstudyfoundthatteenagerwhodidn’tgetenoughsleeptookinextrasugarduringaschoolyear.Theyatesweets,cakes,chocolateandbiscuitsanddrank,fizzydrinkstopromotetheirenergylevels.Lushingonrecommendsthatparentsreachagreementonnotusingaphone.Thisismostlikelytoworkiftheydolikewiseandofferotherenjoyments,suchasbooks.“Ithinkifyouputtheserulesinplace,kidswillgoalongwiththem,”hetoldNewScientist.8.Whatisthesecrettoteenagers’goodsleepaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Strictlightsouttime.B.Morephysicalexerciseatschool.C.Goodbedtimeplanandmoreplaytime.D.Regularscheduleandnomobiledevices.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dropoff”meaninparagraph2?A.Fallasleep. B.Fallbehind. C.Giveup. D.Calmdown.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Badeffectsforlackofsleep.B.Badexamplesofschoolperformance.C.Therelationshipbetweendiseasesandsleep.D.Behavioralproblemscausedbybadeatinghabits.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SaynotomobiledevicesB.ChoosepropersleeppatternsC.Themoreyousleep,thehealthieryou’llgetD.Foragoodnight’ssleep,tryboardingschoolrules【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，本文介绍了寄宿学校的规则——规律的作息时间，远离移动设备，让孩子们有良好的睡眠。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ProfessorKurtLushington,apsychologistwholedthestudy;said,“Itisanaturalisticexperimentshowingthekeytogoodsleepinteenagersisquitesimple:agoodtimetableandnomobiledevices(设备)atnight.”(领导这项研究的心理学家库尔特·卢辛顿教授；他说：“这是一个自然主义的实验，表明青少年良好睡眠的关键很简单：一个好的时间表，晚上不要使用移动设备。”)”可知，青少年好的睡眠的秘诀是有规律的作息时间，没有移动设备。故选D项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“Overthepast20years,thetimechildrenspendsleepinghasfallenandonlyhalfregularlygetmorethansevenhours.(在过去的20年里，孩子们的睡眠时间减少了，只有一半的孩子的睡眠时间经常超过7小时。)”及“Thebiggestproblemsaresmartphonesandtablets(平板电脑)whosebluelightwakesthebrain,makingitharderto(最大的问题是智能手机和平板电脑，它们发出的蓝光会唤醒大脑，使大脑更难)”可知，数码设备发出的蓝光使大脑更难入睡。fallasleep意思为：睡着，与划线词意思相近。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Lack(缺少)ofsleepaffectsmentalhealthandschoolperformance(表现)andcausesbehaviouralproblems.Ithasalsobeenconnectedwiththechildobesityepidemicandotherdiseases.(睡眠不足会影响心理健康和学习成绩，并导致行为问题。它还与儿童肥胖流行病和其他疾病有关。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了缺乏睡眠的不良影响。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Childrenatboardingschoolgetthebestnight’ssleepbecauseofstrictlightsouttime,accordingtoarecentstudy,whichwaspresentedatSleepDownUnder,the33rdyearlyscientificmeetingoftheAustralasianSleepAssociation.(根据最近在澳大利亚睡眠协会第33届年度科学会议sleepDownUnder上发表的一项研究，寄宿学校的孩子们因为严格的熄灯时间而获得了最好的睡眠。)”及最后一段““Ithinkifyouputtheserulesinplace,kidswillgoalongwiththem,”hetoldNewScientist.(他告诉《新科学家》：“我认为，如果你把这些规则放在适当的地方，孩子们会遵守的。”)”和全文内容可知，本文介绍了寄宿学校的规则——规律的作息时间，远离移动设备，让孩子们有良好的睡眠。D选项“想睡个好觉，试试寄宿学校的规定吧”适合作为本文标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分；满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最住选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisoftensaidthatourattentionspanisshorterthanever,andasurveyfromOxfordresearcherfoundthat41percentthoughtitwasworsesincethepandemic.Buttherearestepsyoucantaketohelpyoufocusbetter.Minimizedistraction(分散注意力)Removingyourselffrompeopleanddeviceswillallowyoutoconcentratebetter.____12____Ifyoufindyourselfannoyedbydigitaldevices,turnoffnotificationsandtrainyourselftocheckthematsetintervals._____13_____Whetherit’smusic,whitenoiseorevensilence,youmightfindthereisaparticularsoundthathelpsyoukeepyourattention.Thisimprovesalphawaves—brainwavesthatpromoterelaxationandarethoughttoplayaroleinlearningandmakeyoumorecreative.MoveyourbodyWhenyouexercise,yourheatateincreases,helpingyourbodytoletoutaproteincalledBDNF,whichhelpsnervecellgrowth._____14_____FocusontherightfoodSomeso-called“brainfoods”arehelpfulforyourmind.____15____Oneofthebestwaystokeepyourbrainsharpistokeepahealthydiet.Sleepwell____16____Everyoneneedsdifferentamountsofshut-eyebutsleepingforseventoninehoursisconsideredthebest.StructureyourlifeHavingadailyroutine,includingbreaks,willminimizethebraintirednessthatgoeswithhavingtomakeendlesson-the-godecisionsandallowyoutofocusonthereallyimportanttask.A.FindtherightsoundB.ListentoparticularmusicC.Cutouttheuseofsomedevices.D.Workinadifferentroomifnecessary.E.Whodoesn’tsufferfrombrainfogafterabadnight?F.Theseincludefish,nut,blueberriesanddarkchocolate.G.Thisisimportantforconcentration,memoryandlearning.【答案】12.D13.A14.G15.F16.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些帮助人们集中注意力的方法。【12题详解】根据上文“Removingyourselffrompeopleanddeviceswillallowyoutoconcentratebetter.(远离人群和设备会让你更好地集中注意力)”可知，上文提到了远离人群和设备可以更好集中注意力，下文“Ifyoufindyourselfannoyedbydigitaldevices,turnoffnotificationsandtrainyourselftocheckthematsetintervals.(如果你发现自己被数字设备惹恼了，请关闭通知，并训练自己每隔一段时间检查一次)”讲了远离设备的具体做法，故本句承接上文说明远离人群的具体做法。故D选项“必要时在不同的房间工作”符合语境，故选D。【13题详解】根据本段内容“Whetherit’smusic,whitenoiseorevensilence,youmightfindthereisaparticularsoundthathelpsyoukeepyourattention.Thisimprovesalphawaves—brainwavesthatpromoterelaxationandarethoughttoplayaroleinlearningandmakeyoumorecreative.(无论是音乐、白噪音，甚至是安静，你可能会发现有一种特别的声音能帮助你保持注意力。这可以改善阿尔法波——一种促进放松的脑电波，被认为在学习中发挥作用，使你更有创造力)”可知，本段的主旨是通过声音来达到集中注意力的目的。故A选项“找到合适的声音”符合语境，故选A。【14题详解】根据上文“Whenyouexercise,yourheatateincreases,helpingyourbodytoletoutaproteincalledBDNF,whichhelpsnervecellgrowth.(当你运动时，你的热量增加，帮助你的身体释放一种叫做BDNF的蛋白质，这种蛋白质有助于神经细胞的生长)”可知，本句承接上文，说明锻炼带来的好处，且表明对注意力有好处。故G选项“这对注意力、记忆力和学习都很重要”符合语境，故选G。15题详解】根据上文“Someso-called“brainfoods”arehelpfulforyourmind.(一些所谓的“健脑食品”对你的大脑有帮助)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明“健脑食物”有哪些。故F选项“这些食物包括鱼、坚果、蓝莓和黑巧克力”符合语境，故选F。【16题详解】根据后文“Everyoneneedsdifferentamountsofshut-eyebutsleepingforseventoninehoursisconsideredthebest.(每个人需要的睡眠时间不同，但睡7到9个小时被认为是最好的)”可知，本段主要强调睡眠对注意力的影响。故E选项“在经历了一个糟糕的夜晚之后，谁不会脑雾呢？”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共三节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。An8-year-oldboysoldlemonade(柠檬汁)foragoodreason;areal-lifefiretruckforhiscommunity.JohnSmith,fromWashington,toldFOXNewsthathissonMikedecidedto___17___alemonadestand(小摊)thissummertohelptheFriendshipFireCompany's___18___togetanewfiretruck.TheFriendshipFireCompanyhasbeen___19___moneyforanewtrucksince2020.Andthetruckisexpectedto___20___$1.3million.JohntoldFOXNewsthatnotonlyhadMikedonealemonadestand,buthehadalso___21___hisfriendstojoinhim.Nowtheyareateamofthreekids.“Ithinkit'sjust___22___forparentstoteachtheirkidsaboutmakingaproduct,sellingit,andmakingmoneyto___23___themselves.ButIfeellikeit'smyjobtoencouragemykidsto___24___othersasmuchastheycanandnot___25___putthemselvesfirst,"saidJohn.____26____helpinghimbuythematerials,JohnsaidMike"prettymuch"didthewholethingbyhimself,sellingonecupoflemonadefor$0.50.Intotal,Mikeraised$200intwodays,whichJohnthoughtwas____27____.Johnsaidwhentheyarrivedto____28____theirdonation,thefirefightersgaveMike.____29____applause(鼓掌；掌声)andlethimgoinsidethefiretruck.“Mikewastryingtohelpa____30____,andwewerereallygladtoseethatpeopleinthecommunitygavehimmorethan$0.50andtheywereall____31____todoit.”Johnsaid.17.A.run B.conduct C.buy D.reserve18.A.orders B.promises C.efforts D.posters19.A.borrowing B.making C.begging D.raising20.A.spend B.cost C.pay D.afford21.A.forced B.asked C.reminded D.expected22.A.hard B.responsible C.common D.amazing23.A.improve B.encourage C.treat D.appreciate24.A.learnfrom B.believein C.agreewith D.carefor25.Aalways B.even C.finally D.sometimes26.A.Asfor B.Exceptfor C.Insteadof D.Dueto27.A.satisfying B.puzzling C.unbelievable D.curious28.A.collect B.check C.promote D.deliver29.A.warm B.polite C.scheduled D.sudden30.A.department B.cause C.fund D.business31.A.ready B.patient C.brave D.determined【答案】17.A18.C19.D20.B21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一个8岁的男孩卖柠檬水来筹集资金帮助买新消防车的故事。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自华盛顿的约翰·史密斯告诉福克斯新闻，他的儿子迈克今年夏天决定经营一个柠檬水摊，以帮助友谊消防公司努力购买一辆新的消防车。A.run跑，经营；B.conduct经营；从事；C.buy买；D.reserve保留。根据上文“An8-year-oldboysoldlemonade(柠檬汁)”可知，迈克今年夏天决定经营一个柠檬水摊。故选A项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自华盛顿的约翰·史密斯告诉福克斯新闻，他的儿子迈克今年夏天决定经营一个柠檬水摊，以帮助友谊消防公司努力购买一辆新的消防车。A.orders命令；B.promises承诺；C.efforts努力；D.posters海报。根据下文“togetanewfiretruck”可知，卖柠檬水帮助友谊消防公司努力购买一辆新的消防车。故选C项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年以来，友谊消防公司一直在为一辆新卡车筹集资金。A.borrowing借；B.making制作；C.begging祈求；D.raising提高，筹集。根据下文“raised”可知，卖柠檬水是为了筹钱来买消防车。故选D项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这辆卡车预计售价为1300000美元。A.spend花费；B.cost花费；C.pay支付；D.afford支付得起。根据“$1.3million”可知，这辆卡车要花1300000美元，主语是物，cost符合。故选B项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰告诉福克斯新闻，迈克不仅摆了一个柠檬水小摊，还邀请他的朋友们一起来。A.forced迫使；B.asked问，请求；C.reminded提醒；D.expected期望。根据下文“Nowtheyareateamofthreekids.”可知，还邀请他的朋友们一起来。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为父母教孩子如何制造产品、销售产品、赚钱来善待自己是很常见的。A.hard坚硬的；B.responsible负责人的；C.common共同的；常见的；D.amazing令人惊讶的。孩子的行为得到了父母的认可，所以父母教孩子如何制造产品、销售产品、赚钱来善待自己是很常见的。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为父母教孩子如何制造产品、销售产品、赚钱来善待自己是很常见的。A.improve提高；B.encourage鼓励；C.treat对待；D.appreciate感激。约翰认为孩子自己制造产品、销售产品、赚钱是善待自己的行为。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但我觉得我有责任鼓励我的孩子们尽可能多地关心别人，而不是总是把自己放在第一位。”。A.learnfrom向……学习；B.believein相信；C.agreewith同意；D.carefor关心。一个八岁的男孩卖柠檬水来筹集资金帮助买新消防车，这是关心别人的表现。故选D项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我觉得我有责任鼓励我的孩子们尽可能多地关心别人，而不是总是把自己放在第一位”。A.always一直；B.even甚至；C.finally最后；D.sometimes有时。根据上文“encouragemykidsto___8___othersasmuch”可知，鼓励孩子们尽可能多地关心别人，而不是总是把自己放在第一位。故选A项。【26题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：约翰说，除了帮他买材料，迈克“几乎”是自己一个人做的，一杯柠檬水卖0.5美元。A.Asfor至于；B.Exceptfor除了；C.Insteadof而不是；D.Dueto由于。根据下文“JohnsaidMike"prettymuch"didthewholethingbyhimself”可知，除了帮他买材料，迈克“几乎”是自己一个人做的。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迈克在两天内总共筹集了200美元，这让约翰觉得难以置信。A.satisfying令人满意的；B.puzzling令人困惑的；C.unbelievable难以置信的；D.curious好奇的。根据上文“Intotal,Mikeraised$200intwodays”可知，两天内总共筹集了200美元，这让约翰觉得难以置信。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰说，当他们到达现场交付捐款时，消防员们给了迈克热烈的掌声，让他进入消防车。A.collect收集；B.check核对；C.promote提高；D.deliver投递，交付。根据下文“thefirefightersgaveMike.___13___applause(鼓掌；掌声)andlethimgoinsidethefiretruck.”可知，他们到达现场交付了捐款。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰说，当他们到达现场交付捐款时，消防员们给了迈克热烈的掌声，让他进入消防车。A.warm温暖的，热烈的；B.polite礼貌的；C.scheduled计划的；D.sudden突然的。迈克做了好事，所以防员们给了迈克热烈的掌声。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“迈克在努力帮助一项事业，我们很高兴看到社区里的人们给了他超过0.5美元,他们都准备好了。”约翰说。A.department部门；B.cause事业，原因；C.fund基金；D.business商业。筹款买新的消防车是一项事业。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“迈克在努力帮助一项事业，我们很高兴看到社区里的人们给了他超过0.5美元,他们都准备好了。”约翰说。A.ready准备好的；B.patient耐心的；C.brave勇敢的；D.determined心定决心的。根据上文“peopleinthecommunitygavehimmorethan$0.50”可知，人们都准备好了。故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaisfamousforits5000-year-longcivilization____32____hasneverbeenstopped.AmongallthefactorscontributingtothisistheChinesewritingsystem.Inthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguagemostly____33____(carve)onanimalbonesandshells.By1046BCE,ithadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Overthecenturies,itdevelopedintodifferentformsaspeople____34____(divide)geographically,leadingtomanyveritiesofdifferentdialectsandcharacters.However,thischangedwhenEmperorQinShihuanguniteddifferent____35____(country)intothewholecountry.Sincethen,theunifiedwrittenChinese____36____(serve)asaroleinunitingChinesepeopleand___37___(they)culture.ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthe____38____(develop)ofChinesecharacters,anartformknown____39____Calligraphy.Today,asChinaplaysa____40____(great)roleinglobalaffairsthaneverbefore,_____41_____increasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.【答案】32.which##that33.carved34.weredivided35.countries36.hasserved##hasbeenserving37.their38.development39.as40.greater41.an【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国的文字系统在发展历史和作用。【32题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国以其5000年的文明而闻名，这一文明从未停止过。先行词为5000-year-longcivilization，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为which或者that。故填which/that。【33题详解】考查非谓语。句意：起初，书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言，主要刻在动物的骨头和贝壳上。language与carve在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填carved。【34题详解】考查时态语态。句意：几个世纪以来，随着人们在地理上的划分，它发展成不同的形式，导致了许多不同方言和文字的真实性。主语people与谓语divide为被动关系，根据上文的“developed”可知，本句为一般过去时被动语态。故填weredivided。【35题详解】考查名词复数。句意：然而，当秦始皇将不同的国家统一为一个国家时，这种情况发生了变化。表示多个国家，用country的复数作宾语。故填countries。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：从那时起，统一的书面汉语在团结中国人民和他们的文化方面发挥了作用。根据“Sincethen”可知，本句为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。故填hasserved/hasbeenserving。【37题详解】考查代词。句意：从那时起，统一的书面汉语在团结中国人民和他们的文化方面发挥了作用。形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：对中国书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字的发展中看出，这是一种被称为书法的艺术形式。inthedevelopmentof“在……发展过程中”为固定短语。故填development。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：对中国书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字的发展中看出，这是一种被称为书法的艺术形式。beknownas“作为……而出名”符合句意。故填as。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥着比以往任何时候都更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。根据“than”可知，用形容词比较级greater。故填greater。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥着比以往任何时候都更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。固定短语：anincreasingnumberof“越来越多的……”。故填an。第三节词汇考查(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)结合句意,根据汉语提示使用单词的正确形式完成句子,每空只填一个单词。42.Wefinally_________(原谅；宽恕)himwhenheexpressedhisregretwithtears.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】forgave【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当他流着泪表示后悔时，我们终于原谅了他。根据汉语提示可知应用动词forgive，作主句谓语，根据从句谓语expressed可知，事情已发生，为一般过去时。故填forgave。43.Hernervousnessquickly________(消失)onceshecametothefront.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】disappeared【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：她一走到前面，紧张的情绪就消失了。消失为disappear，根据后文的came可知，本句为一般过去时。故填disappeared。44.Wereyou________(知道)thatsomethingwaswrong?(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】aware【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：你知道有什么不对劲吗？分析句子结构可知，该句为一般疑问句，空处需使用形容词aware“知道的”作表语，构成短语beawarethat“意识到”。故填aware。45.Manywouldbecomesick,duetolowair_________(压力),andafewwouldevenlosetheirlives.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】pressure【解析】【详解】考查名词。k句意：由于空气不足，许多人会生病，有些人甚至会失去生命。airpressure为固定短语，表示“气压”，空处应为名词，故填pressure。46.Hervoicewasshaking________(尽管)allhereffortstocontrolit.(根据汉语提示拼写)【答案】despite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管她竭力控制自己的声音，但声音还是在颤抖。结合汉语提示可知，介词despite符合题意。故填despite。47.LangPingbecameastarinChinabecauseofhersuccess,herpositive________(态度)andherabilitytotakeonchallenges.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】attitude【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：郎平因为她的成功、积极的态度和接受挑战的能力而成为中国的明星。“态度”为attitude，作宾语，此处与空后的ability一致，表单数意义，故填attitude。48.Theriverbrokethroughitsbanks,andmanyvillageswere_________(淹没).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】flooded【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：河水决堤，许多村庄被洪水淹没。根据句意可知，表示被淹没，用被动语态bedone，淹没为flood，所以填过去分词flooded。故填flooded。49.He_________(假装)tobedoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamein.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】pretended【解析】【详解】考查过去式。句意：当他父亲进来时，他家长正在做作业。when引导时间状语从句，从句动词came是动词过去式，可知句子是一般过去时。pretend的过去式是pretended，故填pretended。50.Thenew"whitebikes"inneighbourhoodwerenot________(事实上)whitebutpaintedinbrightcolours.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】actually【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：附近新出现的“白色自行车”实际上并不是白色的，而是涂上了鲜艳的颜色。事实上为actually，作状语修饰形容词white。故填actually。51.ThetriptoIndiamadeastrong____________(印象)onhim.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】impression【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：印度之行给他留下了深刻的印象。根据空前astrong可住空处应为名词单数，故填impression。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)52.假如你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，下周俱乐部将举办关于野生动物保护的海报设计大赛,交换生Alan对此很感兴趣,并写邮件咨询比赛的相关信息，请你给他回复电子邮件，内容包括：1.大赛目的；2.作品要求(如标题、内容、字数等)；3.提交方式(Englishelub@163.com)及截止日期。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已给出,不计人总词数参考词汇：theposterdesigncompetition海报设