中考英语复习+名词课件

九年级英语复习课堂专练1---名词1.Allthe______teachersand_______studentsarehavingameetingintheclassroom.women;girlB.women;girlsC.woman;girlsD.woman;girl2.Passmethe_______onthetable,please.Iwanttodopapercutting.A.chopsticksB.scissorsC.chopstickD.scissor2.Couldyoupleasegivemesome_______?Itriedseveraltimesbutfailed.opinionB.suggestionC.adviceD.message3.---__iscomingsoon.WhatshouldIgetformymother?----Howaboutarunningmachine?5.----Wouldyoulikesome______,Jack?---Yes,justalittle,please.appleB.bananaC.peachD.orangeWomen’sDayB.Woman’sDayC.WomenDayD.WomanDay名词名词的的分类名词的数（可数名词和不可数名词）名词所有格名词的功能名词化知识1名词的分类1.专有名词：主要是指人名、地名、江河湖海名称、书名、歌名、机构名、月份、星期、节日或某一事物特有的名称。2.普通名词：是指一类人、事物、物质或抽象概念的名词。可分为四类：个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词。

Lucy;China;theGreatWall;May;JourneytotheWest个体名词是指单个人或单个事物的名词，通常是可数名词，有名词的复数。host；kid；book等。集体名词是指一群人或一些事物总称的名词。这些名词通常形式上是单数意义上是复数，做主语的时候谓语动词要用复数。people；family；police；cattle等。Thepolice_______(be)catchingthismurderer.警察正在追这个谋杀犯。物质名词是指无法分为个体的物质、材料、食品、饮料、液体、气体等名称的词。wood；bread；water；air等。抽象名词是指人或事物的品质、情感、状态、动作的等抽象概念及学科、疾病等名称的词。honesty；love；hunger；celebration等。物质名词和抽象名词通常是不可数名词。are知识2名词的数1）可数名词的数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数名词可与不定冠词a/an连用。(1)规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:构成方式读音例词一般在词尾加-s在清辅音后读/s/在浊辅音和元音后读/z/在t后读/ts/在d后读/dz/desk→desks书桌mile→miles 英里student→students学生bed→beds床以s,x,sh,ch结尾的加-es读/iz/brush→brushes刷子watch→watches 手表以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,把y变为i,再加-es读/z/factory→factories工厂university→universities大学以f或fe结尾的词,一般把f或fe改为v,再加-es读/vz/wolf→wolves狼knife→knives 刀leaf→leaves 叶子thief→thieves小偷shelf→shelves架子【温馨提示】以o结尾的单词,多加-s。例如:radio→radios收音机;photo→photos照片;piano→pianos钢琴等。但potato→potatoes土豆;tomato→tomatoes西红柿;hero→heroes英雄,这三个词后要加-es。我们可巧记为“英雄爱吃西红柿土豆（Heroeslikeeatingtomatoesandpotatoes.）”。(2)不规则的可数名词的变化规则:有些可数名词的复数形式没有规则,不能在其后加-s或-es。不规则复数形式主要有如下几种情况:①变内部元音字母:man—men woman—womentooth—teeth foot—feetgoose—geese mouse—mice②词尾加-(r)en:child—children ox—oxen③单复数同形:sheep

deerfish

④表示某国人的名词复数Chinese—Chinese

Englishman—EnglishmenGerman—Germans口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。【易错警示】①fish表示鱼的种类时复数形式是fishes,表示条数而不强调种类时,单复数同形用fish。fish做“鱼肉”讲时，是不可数名词。Therearemanykindsoffishesinthisriver.这条河中有很多不同种类的鱼。Icaughtfivefishtoday.我今天捉了5条鱼。②有一些名词是成双、成对出现的,这些名词常用pair来修饰。apairofglasses一副眼镜twopairsoftrousers两条裤子apairofshoes一双鞋threepairsofgloves三副手套apairofpants一条裤子apairofshorts一条短裤pants（裤子），trousers（裤子），glasses（眼镜）等词通常只有复数形式，这些词本身在句子中作主语时谓语动词要用复数形式，如果用pair来修饰时，谓语动词的单复数由pair的形式来决定。Myglassesareonmynose.Apairofglassesisonthetable.Twopairsofglassesareonthetable.

2.不可数名词。一般情况下可数名词没有复数形式,如果想表示数量时,我们可以用名词单位词来表示,常用的单位词有:piece,bit,bottle,cup,glass等。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由单位词的单复数决定。apieceofadvice一条建议abitofbread一点面包threebottlesofwater三瓶水twocupsofcoffee两杯咖啡aglassofmilk一杯牛奶Threebottlesofwaterareenough。三杯水足够了。Waterisveryimportant.3.可数名词与不可数名词的特殊用法不可数名词可用复数的情况物质名词用来表示不同类别时，可用复数。如teas各种茶，fruits各种水果，fishes表示各种鱼。Therearemanykindsoffruitsinthestore.商店里有很多种水果。Therearemanyfishesintheriver.河里有很多种鱼。重难点英语中部分名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词，但是表达的意思有所不同。不可数名词可数名词room空间，地方aroom一个房间glass玻璃aglass一个玻璃杯paper纸apaper一份试卷/报纸、文件chicken鸡肉achicken一只小鸡fish鱼肉afish一条鱼work工作awork一部作品【即学活用】1.Wouldyoulikesome__________(tomato)fordinner?2.Weshoulddosomethingtostoppeoplefromkillinganimalsforfur,__________(tooth)andmeat.3.Pleasefinishyourfood.Therearemanyhungry__________(baby)intheworld,youknow.4.The_________(radio)intheshoparecheap.Youcanbuyone.5.Agroupof_____________(Frenchman)aretalkingwithtwo_________(Chinese).tomatoesteethbabiesradiosFrenchmenChinese4.Iboughtsomepencilsand__________(knife)forthepupilsthismorning.5.Mybrotherhadsomebreadandtwo______(bag)of_________(milk)forbreakfastthismorning.

6.Three_________(month)istoolongforme.Ican’twait.7.Mygrandfatherkeepstwo_________(pig)andthree_________(deer).knivesbagsmilkmonthspigsdeer知识3名词的所有格1.’s所有格。构成方法示例单数名词一般在词尾加’sThe______schoolbagisnice.那个女孩的书包很漂亮。以s结尾的名词直接加’The__________officeisoverthere.老师们的办公室在那里。girl’steachers’构成方法示例不以s结尾的复数名词加’sTherearemany__________booksintheshop.在这家商店里有许多儿童读物。children’s构成方法示例表示两个人共有同一物,则只在后一个名词词尾加’s;如果两个人分别拥有某物,则在两个名词词尾后分别加’s(被修饰名词要用复数形式)ThisisTomandPeter’sroom.这是汤姆和彼得共同的房间。TheseareTom’sandPeter’sshoes.这些是汤姆和彼得的鞋子。表示时间、距离、国家、地点和自然现象等无生命的名词也可以在词尾加’s构成所有格today’spaper今天的报纸twohours’rest两小时的休息2.of所有格用法示例表示无生命的东西thetopofthehill表示“有关、关于…”astoryofloveandhatred一个关于爱和恨的故事表示同位关系thecityofPisa比萨市表示部分与整体的关系thebottomofthesea海底themajorityofpeople大多数人表示抽象概念thecostofliving生活成本of后面跟含后置定语的名词或表一类人或物的“the+形容词”形式thehousingproblemofthepoor穷人的住房问题3.双重所有格。’s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成了双重所有格。agoodfriendofmine我的一个好朋友afriendofHenry’s亨利的一个朋友aphotoofMaryaphotoofMary’sof所有格强调Mary本人的照片双重所有格强调Mary拥有很多张照片，这是其中之一。Issheadaughterof_______(you)?yours【即学活用】1.Ilivenearthestation.It’sonlyaboutten______(minute)walk.2.MissBlackisafriend__________mymother’s.Sheoftenlooksaftermysister.3.InChina,wecelebrate__________(teacher)DayonSeptember10.minutes’ofTeachers’4.Theroomis__________(Lucy)and________(Lily).Itissmallbuttidyandnice.5.Tomorrowis_________(child)Day,andmysonwantsmetogohometoseehim.MayIhaveadayoff?6.Lilywenttothebookstorewithsomefriendsof_____(she)

LucyLily’sChildren’shers知识4名词的功能1.作主语。_________teachesthemEnglish.我爸爸教他们英语。【易错警示】特殊名词,如表示度量、时间、距离、金额等复数名词作主语时,谓语动词往往用单数。__________isenoughformetofinishthework.对我来说完成这项工作两个小时足够了。MyfatherTwohours2.作定语。Thereare_________________inHainan.海南有许多香蕉树。manybananatrees【易错警示】①名词作定语时,一般用单数形式。ashoefactory

tomatoandeggnoodlespapertiger②有些名词需要用复数形式作定语。aclothesshop

asportsmeeting③man,woman修饰复数名词,将man,woman和名词中心词都变为复数:awomandoctor—twowomendoctors

aman

teacher—threementeachers【即学活用】1.Threeyears__________(have)passedsinceIcametothiscity.2.It’sharvesttime,theapplesonthe__________(apple)treesarebigandrednow.3.Thenumberofthedoctorsinthehospitalisabout200andtwothirdsare__________(man)doctors.hasapplemen4.—Wherearethe__________(boy)students?—Theyareplayingfootballagainstateamfromanotherschool.5.Thereisa__________(stone)houseonthetopofthehill.

boystone知识5名词化1）名词构词法——派生法后缀表达意义示例-er从事某事的人singer歌手;teacher教师-or从事某事的人visitor游客;inventor发明家-ese某地人Chinese中国人;Japanese日本人-ian精通……的人musician音乐家;magician魔术师-ist专业人员artist艺术家;scientist科学家后缀表达意义示例-ment性质;状态development发展;apartment公寓-ness性质;状态kindness善良;sadness悲哀-tion动作;过程relation联系;protection保护-ing物品;事情meeting会议;building建筑物2）the+形容词（表示一类人或一类食物）theyoung年轻人therich富人theblind盲人thenew新事物thegood善thetrue真thebeautiful美女/美丽的东西形容词转化成的名词做主语，如果指人，则谓语动词用复数形式；如果指物或事件，谓语动词则一般用单数形式。Thegoodisnotalwaysthetrue.善并非都真。The old are more likely to catch cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。 【即学活用】1.Mysisterisanice__________(dance).Shedanceswell.2.The__________(music)haswrittenmanygoodpiecesofmusicforpeople.Wealllovehissongs.3.Georgetreatseveryonewith__________(kind)andwarmth,soeveryonelikeshim.dancermusiciankindness4.Mybrotherworksinabigcompanyandhisofficeisinatall__________(build).5.The_______(poor)needtobetakenspecialcareof.6.Theanimalsareindangerandtheyneedgood_____________(protect).7.I’mgoingtobea_________(science)tomakeourcountryricherandstronger.buildingpoorprotectionscientistJanuary一月

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TheSpringFestival春节TheMid-AutumnFestival中秋节NationalDay国庆节Teachers’Day教师节Children’sDay儿童节TheDragonBoatFestival端午节Chinese

语文English

英语mathematics

数学history

历史biology

生物physics

物理chemistry

化学computerscience计算机科学名词名词的分类名词的数名词所有格名词的功能名词化专有名词普通名词可数名词的数不可数名词的数’s所有格of所有格双重所有格做主语做定语派生法the+adj.规则不规则Ilikemusicsomuch.Tome,lifewithoutmusicwouldbeboring.Iknowthatthisisnottrueforeverybody.Butmusicplaysanimportantpartin

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(people)life,whethertheyrealizeit

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not.TrytoimaginewhatmoviesorTVplayswouldbelikewithoutmusic.Iamsurethatmovieswithoutmusicwouldmakepeoplefeelbored.Musicgivesmovies3

(feel).Now,wehavebeenspeakingaboutmusicinitsmorecommon

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(mean)—thekindofmusicwehearintheconcerthall.Infact,wecandiscovermusicinoureverydaylifetoo—thesinging

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birds,thetickoftrains,thesoundofseawavesandsoon.Somusicmusthavemeaning

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everyone,insomewaysorothers.Andofcourse,ithasaspecialmeaningforthosewhohavespentalltheir

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(life)playingorwritingmusic.Wecallthosepeople8

(music).Musictakesusintoabeautifulworld,anditinspires(激励)us.Itcanmakepeopleexcited,scaredandsoon.Some

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(piece)oflightmusiccanmakeyouquietandcalm.Somemusiccanbringus

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(happy)whilesomemusicmightmakeussad.people’sorfeelingsmeaningofforlivesmusicianspieceshappinessThereisaChinesestoryofanoldfarmerwhohadanoldhorsefor1

(farm).