（统考版）高考英语二轮复习 高考题型拆分组合练10 阅读理解提速练（含解析）-人教版高三全册英语试题

高考题型拆分组合练(十)阅读理解提速练阅读理解ACheckoffthefourcornersArizona，Utah，ColoradoandNewMexicoarenotsimplytheonlyfourAmericanstatesthatmeetatasinglepoint，buttheyalsohosttheUS'sgreatestconcentrationofnationalparks.Thisistheplacetocomeforthatclassicsceneofthelonelydesertroadextendingtothehorizon.Onyourway，takeinsuchsightsastheMonumentValleyandthemysteriousremainsofcenturies­oldcivilizationsinColorado'sMesaVerde.FindbeautyinthedesertWithmanymilesofexcellentroads，aself­drivetripinNamibiamakestotalsense.PlanaroutenorthfromcapitalWindhoektowildlife­richEtoshaNationalPark，beforecrossingDamaralandtoreachtheSkeletonCoast.ThemostimpressivedesertviewsareintheNamib­NaukluftNationalParktothesouth.AtSossusvlei，thelandscapetakesonthequalityofasurrealistpainting.CrosshalfacontinentThe1，761­mile­longStuartHighwayrunsnorthtosouththroughAustralia'sRedCentre.Itisnotaroadwhereeveryturnshowsnewwonders；therewardofthistripcomesinthegradualchangeinyoursurroundings，fromredsoilsinAustralia'soutbacktothetropical(热带的)leavesoftheIndianOceancoast.TakethehighroadAmongallthecrashingofcontinentalplatesthatraiseduptheCanadianRockies，a144­mileroutewasleftmoreorlessclearattheircentre.TheIcefieldsParkwaynowpassesthroughthisamazingscenery；withtheaccessitbringstoicylakes，waterfallsandicefields，thesectionbetweenBanffandJasperhasagoodclaimtobeingthemostscenicintheworld.【语篇解读】本文介绍了四个公路旅行，包括其特色、地理位置等信息。1．Wherecanyouexperienceancientcivilizations?A．InAustralia'sRedCentre.B．IntheCanadianRockies.C．InColorado'sMesaVerde.D．IntheNamib­NaukluftNationalPark.C[考查细节理解。根据Checkoffthefourcorners部分尾句“Onyourway，takeinsuchsightsastheMonumentValleyandthemysteriousremainsofcenturies­oldcivilizationsinColorado'sMesaVerde.”可知，在科罗拉多州的梅萨维德国家公园可以体验古老的文明。故C项正确。]2．Whatcanyoudoonaself­drivetripinNamibia?A．ExploretheMonumentB．Enjoythestrikingdesertviews.C．Savesomeendangeredwildlife.D．Gothroughthelargestnationalpark.B[考查细节理解。根据Findbeautyinthedesert部分中的“ThemostimpressivedesertviewsareintheNamib­NaukluftNationalParktothesouth.”可知，在纳米比亚自驾游可以欣赏到令人印象深刻的沙漠景观，故B项正确。]3．Whatcanyouinferaboutthetripsmentionedinthetext?A．Theyprovidetheamazingroadadventures.B．Theyoffernewwondersacrosstheworld.C．Theyareforthosewholovevariousnationalparks.D．Theyareintendedtoraiseenvironmentalawareness.A[考查推理判断。根据第一部分第二段第一句中的“thelonelydesertroad”，第二部分第一句中的“excellentroads”，第三部分第二句中的“aroad”，第四部分标题Takethehighroad，并结合全文其他内容可推知，这些旅行都提供令人惊叹的公路冒险，故A项正确。]B(2019·湖南、湖北八市十二校联考)VisitorsstillstopattheoldhouseinScituate，Massachusetts.Butthehouseisnotwhatbringsthemthere.Whattheywanttoseeistheoldstonewellbesideit—andtheiron­boundwaterbucketthat'sputonitsedge.Twohundredyearsago，thisfarmhousewasthehomeofSamuelWoodworth.Duringthelongsummersofhischildhood，youngSamuelwouldoftenpauseatthewell.Itwasawelcomebreak，especiallyonahotafternoon.Onsuchadayhewouldeagerlydrawabucketfulofcoldwaterandsatisfyhisthirstwitharefreshingdrink.Whenhewasfourteen，WoodworthleftScituateforNewYorkCity，wherehestartedhisownnewspaper.Laterheworkedasaneditoratothernewspapersandmagazineswhilewritingnovels，plays，andpoetryinhissparetime.Hislifewasbusy，andherarelyhadtimetovisitthefamilyfarm.ButWoodworthneverstoppedthinkingofhisScituatehome.Afterworkoneevening，Woodworthpouredhimselfaglassofcitywater.Afterthat，heremarkedtohiswife，Lydia，howwonderfulitwouldbetohavealong，cooldrinkfromtheoakenbucketathisfather'swell.Lydiahadasuggestion：Whynotputittopoetry?ItwasasuggestionWoodworthcouldnotresist.ThatnighthewroteTheBucket.Inithecapturedtheworldofhischildhoodonahotsummerdayandthesimplejoyofstoppingforadrinkathisfather'swell.Hispoemwasaninstantsuccess.Itseemedtotoucheveryonewhohadeverbeenhomesick.Attheheightofitspopularity，TheOldOakenBucket(asitcametobecalled)wastranslatedintofourlanguages，andthewordsweresettoapopulartuneofthetime.Overtheyears，countlesspeoplehavereadorsungWoodworth'sodetohisboyhood.TodayitistheofficialsongofScituate，Massachusetts.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了SamuelWoodworth童年时代家里的那只橡木桶和父亲的水井给他留下了深刻的印象，由此激发了他的写作热情，文章最后也表达了他强烈的思乡之情。4．Whydoestheauthoruseflashback(倒叙)inParagraph2?A．Tohelpreadersappreciatethewellwater.B．Tohelpreadersenjoycitylife.C．TohelpreadersunderstandhowhardWoodworthwas.D．TohelpreaderslearnaboutWoodworth'schildhoodlife.D[推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Duringthelongsummersofhischildhood，youngSamuelwouldoftenpauseatthewell.”可推知，作者采用倒叙的目的是为了让读者了解Samuel的童年生活。故D项正确。]5．WhatwasWoodworth'spurposeforwritingthepoem?A．Tosharehisopinion.B．Tointroducehishometown.C．Toexpresshisemotion.D．Tomakesomecomplaints.C[目的意图题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Inithecapturedtheworldofhischildhoodonahotsummerdayandthesimplejoyofstoppingforadrinkathisfather'swell.”可推知，Woodworth写这首诗的目的是想表达他对童年时代农场生活以及家乡的思念之情。故C项正确。]6．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Thewaterinthewelltastedbetterthanthatinthecity.B．ThewellandthewaterhadadeepimpressiononSamuel'smind.C．Woodworth'swiferemindedhimofthewellandsuggestedputtingittopoetry.D．Notmanypeoplepaidmuchattentiontothepoematfirst.B[推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“Afterthat，heremarkedtohiswife，Lydia,howwonderfulitwouldbetohavealong，cooldrinkfromtheoakenbucketathisfather'swell.”可推知，水井和井水给Samuel留下了很深的印象。故B项正确。]7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheOldOakenBucketB．LivinginNewYorkC．GrowingupontheFarmD．GoodSuggestionsFromWifeA[标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍游客参观当年Samuel生活过的农场发现了井边的那只橡木桶，引出了Woodworth的童年生活经历和那首诗的创作过程。故A项正确。]CAwalkthroughthegalleriesofQuebec'sMontrealMuseumofFineArts(MMFA)placesindividualsface­to­facewithsome43，000artworksrangingfromChineseceramicstoInuitsculpture.Whilethevisitingisanincredibleculturalexperience，agroupoflocalphysicianswillsoonbeabletoprescribe(开处方)museumvisitsastreatmentforsomeillnesses.“Weknowthatartcontributestoneural(神经的)activity，”saidMMFAdirectorNathalieBondil.“Whatweseeisthatbeingincontactwithartcanreallyhelpyourwell­being.”HélèneBoyer，vicepresidentofaMontreal­basedmedicalassociation，explainsthatmuseumvisitshavebeenshowntoincreaselevelsofserotonin，aneurotransmitter(神经递质)knownasthe“happychemical”whichhelpstoliftthemood.AccordingtoBoyer，thesmallincreaseinhormonesassociatedwithenjoyinganafternoonofartissimilartothatofferedbyexercise，makingmuseumvisitsprescriptionsidealfortheelderlyexperiencingpainthatpreventsthemfromregularlyjoininginphysicalactivity.Themuseumvisitsaredesignedtoimprovetraditionalmethods.AsBondilnotes，spendingtimeinapeacefulenvironmentcanprovideawelcomedistraction.“Whatmostimportantisthisexperiencecanhelpthemescapefromtheirownpain，”shesays.“Whenyouenterthemuseum，youescapefromthespeedofourdailylife.”“Iamconvincedthatinthe21stcentury，culturewillbewhatphysicalactivitywasforhealthinthe20thcentury，”saidBondil.“Somepeoplewoulddowelltorecallthatjustinthe19thcentury，sportswerebelievedtodoharmtothebody.Justasdoctorsnowprescribeexercise，theywillbeabletoprescribeavisittotheMMFA.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。参观博物馆不仅能让人们接受艺术的熏陶，还能舒缓心情、治疗疾病。8．WhatdoesHélèneBoyerthinkofmuseumvisits?A．Theycancheerpeopleup.B．Theycanreducephysicalactivity.C．Theycanslowdownourlifepace.D．Theycanincreaselevelsofartappreciation.A[考查细节理解。根据第四段“HélèneBoyer，vicepresidentofaMontreal­basedmedicalassociation，explainsthatmuseumvisitshavebeenshowntoincreaselevelsofserotonin，aneurotransmitter(神经递质)knownasthe‘happychemical’whichhelpstoliftthemood.”可知，一个总部设在蒙特利尔的医学协会的副主席HélèneBoyer解释说，参观博物馆被证明可以提高血清素水平，血清素是一种被称为“快乐化学物质”的神经递质，它有助于振奋情绪；据此可知，HélèneBoyer认为参观博物馆可以帮助人们振作起来，故A项正确。]9．Howdomuseumvisitsaffectpeople?A．Stopthemconcentratingonpain.B．Stopthemfocusingontraditionalmethods.C．Encouragethemnottobeabsent­minded.D．Encouragethemtoslowtheirstepswhilewalking.A[考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Whatmostimportantisthisexperiencecanhelpthemescapefromtheirownpain.”可知，参观博物馆可以让人们逃避痛苦，故A项正确。]10．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Physicalactivitywaspopularinthe19thcentury.B．Sportsareconsideredtobeharmfultothebody.C．Ideasoftreatingillnessesarechangingovertime.D．Doctorsprescribemuseumvisitsregularlynow.C[考查推理判断。根据尾段最后两句“Somepeoplewoulddowelltorecallthatjustinthe19thcentury，sportswerebelievedtodoharmtothebody.Justasdoctorsnowprescribeexercise，theywillbeabletoprescribeavisittotheMMFA.”可知，在19世纪，体育运动被认为对身体有害；现在，就像医生给病人开运动处方一样，他们将能给病人开去蒙特利尔美术博物馆参观的处方。据此可推知，治疗疾病的方法随着时间的变化而改变，故C项正确。]11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Museumvisitsareidealfortheelderly.B．Thehappychemicalhelpstoliftthemood.C．Peacefulenvironmenthelpsescapepain.D．Culturalactivitieswillpromotehealth.D[考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章第一段通过描述参观蒙特利尔美术博物馆引入本文话题，接着介绍当地医生将给病人开参观博物馆的处方来治疗一些疾病，然后重点介绍了艺术欣赏对人的健康的积极作用，故D项符合文意。]DRobotsarenowbeingemployednotjustfordangeroustasks，suchasdiscoveringminesorrescuingpeopleindisasters.Theyarealsofindingapplicationsashouseholdhelpandasnursingassistants.Asincreasingnumbersofmachines，equippedwiththelatestartificialintelligence，takeonagrowingvarietyofspecializedandeverydaytasks，thequestionofhowpeopleseethemandbehavetowardsthembecomesevermoreurgent.AteamledbySariNijssenofRadboudUniversityandMarkusPaulus，ProfessorofDevelopmentalPsychologyatLudwig­Maximilians­Universitaet(LMU)，havecarriedoutastudytodeterminethedegreetowhichpeopleshowconcernforrobotsandbehavetowardsthembasedonmoralprinciples.AccordingtoSariNijssen，thestudysetouttoanswerthefollowingquestion：“Underwhatcircumstanceswouldadultsbewillingtosacrificerobotstosavehumanlives？”Theparticipantswerefacedwithahypothetical(假设的)moraldilemma：Wouldtheybepreparedtoputasinglepersonatriskinordertosaveagroupofinjuredpersons？Inthesituationspresentedtheintendedvictimwaseitherahuman，ahumanoidrobotthathadbeenhumanizedtovariousdegreesorarobotthatwasclearlyrecognizableasamachine.Thestudysuggestedthatthemoretherobotwashumanized，thelesslikelyparticipantsweretosacrificeit.Situationsthatincludedvividstoriesinwhichtherobotwasdescribedasamercifulbeingorasacreaturewithitsownunderstandings，experiencesandthoughts，weremorelikelytostopthestudyparticipantsfromsacrificingitintheinterestsofanonymous(无名的)humans.“Thisresultindicatesthatourstudygroupattachedacertainmoralstatustotherobot，”saysPaulus.“Onepossiblesuggestionofthisfindingisthatattemptstohumanizerobotsshouldnotgotoofar.Sucheffortscouldcomeintoconflictwiththeirintendedfunction—tobeofhelptous.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。机器人不仅可以帮助人类执行危险的任务，现代智能机器人还能帮助人们处理日常生活问题。研究表明，将机器人过于人性化的尝试将对人产生困扰。12．Whathasbecomeaconcernabout