阅读理解（标题概括题）训练-2023年高考英语第二轮复习

2023年高考英语第二轮复习点对点刻意训练

专题08阅读理解（标题概括题）对策与训练解析版

目录内容

板块一命题规律探究

板块二高考真题引领

名校模拟演练

（一）记叙文选标题

板块三（二）夹叙夹议文选标题

（三）说明文选标题

（四）议论文选标题

命题规律探究

一、标题三大特点

1.概括性：语言高度凝练而形式简短

2.针对性：标题外延与文章内容相符

3.醒目性：能够激发读者的阅读欲望

二、选标题三大方法

L主题段法：标题段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般来说第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后

一段总结文章的主题，知道了文章的主题也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句话或一个短语

即是文章的标题。

2.主题句法：解题的关键要抓住每段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。通过寻找文章的主

题句，并对主题句进行概括和提炼，从而确定文章的标题。

2.关键词法：任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一

个反复出现的中心词，即关键词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。

三、选标题三大策略

L正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨。

2.反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去尝试用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原

文对照，一一排除荒谬者。

3.排除干扰法：研究干扰项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、新奇性、概括性等。文章的标题

应该新颖奇特，易激发读者的好奇心，吸引读者注意力。

四、标题错误三大特征

1.范围太宽泛：选项太过于宽泛，与文章内容相距甚远。

2.范围太具体：选项死扣文章某一细节不适合用于标题。

3.范围太偏颇：选项内容过于偏颇，明显偏离文章主旨。

五、说明文选标题三大关注点

1.文章结构：“倒三角形▼”结构特点，首段最重要，越往后重要性越低。因此结合写作对象看

首段和尾段，以首段为主是选好说明文类阅读理解题的基本功。

2.选项规律：选标题四个选项多采用二元法，两个比较接近正确答案甚至相反，干扰性强，两个

往往和主题关联性较弱，容易排除。

3.做后反思：实践证明说明文最后一题往往是压轴题也是高频错题，因此保持做后反思是提高选标

题能力的必然途径。文思表坚持一段时间必有成效。

X√t*l!M√匕7大Λ½l,Kjb∙JIti

Q-”丁点—《*皿的X31;UJ

1：3彳，J法故

运Jll4大XrFfclISAKSCWt力“⅞7∙∣∙

技M川点.如"・。冰珠极.小M是fW

中共问点.wr⅛r<⅛⅞⅜<i_____________

逆InJJS"停iM多虑IHl个西JVj

标怵J**Γtife17许.XMKlWiC.Λ⅜ttl

SA斤为JJtfl3¼≠S⅛

归I

⅛rt神t航ifftKfe

介料，晒

顾M钓e$«•全：/

3人特点

W⅜4号他卒.」《√⅛泉个"UTf

力作I馀：，w∙

Hbt4.nj∏&IH∙⅛:.国tn⅞:⅜⅛巴塞

Ti-WtZW

高考真题引领

记叙文类选标题（2018年全国I卷B篇，保留原题号）

GoOdMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeveryrooming,butsheiscookingupa

storminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferslop

tipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMomingBritain

presentersaysshe,sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe,slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,

Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,,,sheexplains.

“Ipay£5foraportion（一份），butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.

Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe,renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.^^

,

Theeight-partseries（系列节目），SaveMoney:GoodFooclyfollowsinthefootstepsofITVsSaveMoney:Good

Health,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.

Intonight,sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteam

transformsthefamily,slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24.WhatdoWeknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.

B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.

D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.

B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.

D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.

D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart

B.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.

D.CookingWellforLess

24.B推理判断题根据第一段・・・，butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowto

preparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.和第二段InSaveMoney:GoodFood9shevisits

可推断，SusannaReid主持了一个新的烹饪节目SaveMoney:GoodFoodo

25.C推理判断题根据第二段…withthehelpofchefMattTebbutt...及第三段Ipay£5foraportion,but

Mattmakesthemfor26paportion...可推知厨师Matt帮助Susanna做一些烹饪方面的工作。

26.C写作目的题根据第四段可知SaveMoney:GoodFood这个节目仿效了ITV出品的节目SaveMoney:

GoodHealths由此可知，这里作者是想介绍SaveMoney:GoodFood这个节目的背景信息。

27.D主旨大意题本文主要介绍了SusannaReid主持的电视节目SaveMoney:GoodFood0由第一段・・・

showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget,第二段...offerstoptips

onhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday和最后一段Theteam

transforms...withlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.可知SaveMoney:GoodFood这个节目旨在帮助家庭

用更少钱做出美味可口饭菜。

新闻报道类选标题（2022年全国甲卷B篇，保留原题号）

Goffin,scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognition

abilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhile

keptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontofthebox

hada“keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthe

correct"key”wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryear

beforetheyareabletodothesamewithlessSymmetriCaI（对称的）shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneed

tobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan44allocentricframeofreference,∖Intheexperiment,Goffin,s

cockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-eιτorwas

used,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin,scockatoosdoindeedpossessan

allocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues

（线索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.

25.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.

C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

26.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.

27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners

C.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters

24-27BCDD

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。

24.B事实细节题根据第一段中的第二句ThOiIghnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved

skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.以及该段最后两句・・・thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”

tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.可知，凤头鹦鹉在笼子里使用工具很熟练，

给它们形状不同的“钥匙”以供选择，插入正确的“钥匙”就能把盒子里的坚果取出来。

25.Co细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundone

yearofage（在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里）”结合选项，可知，一

岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。

26.Do推理判断题。通过文章最后一段"Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhether

thecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.（根据研究

人员的说法,下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索,还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状）”可推知，

后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选Do

27.Do主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段"Coffin、cockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,

havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year∙old.（科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产

于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似）”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。

D项“Cockatoos:SkilfiIlShaPeSOlIerS（凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工）”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故

选D。

说明文类选标题（2021年新高考I卷，保留原题序号）

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithan

astonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.

Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimalealargepartofthese

resources.Millionsofwaterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitious

sportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducing

waterfowlhabitat（栖息地）.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasinglyconcernednationtook

firmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（迁徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirSurvivaLUnderthis

Act,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.Thevery

firstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJN“Ding”DarlingapoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthat

timewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillingly

paythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchase

wetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwill

beprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothat

Fundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalled

oneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.

C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.

B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.

D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheFederalDuckStampStory

B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl

D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

【导读】本文是一篇说明文。美国为了保护“水禽”而颁布的一项政策，即狩猎者要购买相关的水禽类邮票。政

府把售卖所得拨给保护这些水禽的基金。

28.Ao细节理解题。根据该段中“Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasing

populations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat."（数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，以养活不断增加的人口，供其居

住，这大大减少了水禽的栖息地。）可知，造成北美水禽数量急剧减少的原因之一是它们栖息地的减少。

29.Co词义猜测题。文章前两句"WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskies

andlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyOfwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareoftheseprecious

naturalresourcesWiSely尸（当探险家们第一次踏上北美洲大陆时，天上和大地上有许多各种各样的野生动物。

美洲土著人很聪明地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。）下一句中的UnfOrtimately表示转折意义，由此推断，画线单

词所在句"Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatea

IargePartoftheSere§01IrCeS（不幸的是，仅仅几十年后，探险家和定居者就毁灭了大部分资源。）也就是说，

画线单词decimate意思是“破坏；毁灭（destroy）首段最后两句"MiHionsofwaterfowlwerekilledatthehands

ofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeed

andhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.”进一步说明了“探险家和定居者对

这里资源的破坏”。

30.Do推理判断题。由题干中的关键词“theActpas雕din1934”定位到文章第三段。根据该段中“About98CelltS

ofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsand

wildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbe

protectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothat

Fundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresOfhabitat."（每枚鸭子邮票上的98美分将直接投入候鸟保护基金，

用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，以便纳入国家野生动物保护系统一这一事实确保了这片土地将受到保护，并

为子孙后代提供可用资源。自1934年以来，超过5亿美元流入该基金购买了超过500万英亩的栖息地。）可知，

这项法案的通过使得政府筹集到了大量资金，用以保护水禽和它们的栖息地。

31.Ao主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是美国鸭票的故事（TheFederalDuckStampStory）,全文都是围绕着这

个主旨展开的。首段介绍了美国鸭票发行的背景，第二段介绍了美国鸭票发行的经过，第三段讲述了美国鸭票

发行带来的种种好处。最后一句"LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemost

successfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.”更是点明主题。由此可知，选项A最能概括全文主旨。

议论文类选标题（2022年北京卷D卷，保留原题序号）

（2022•北京•高考真题）Quantum（量子）computershavebeenonmymindalotlately.Afriendhasbeen

sendingmearticlesonhowquantumcomputersmighthelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengeswefaceashumans.I,ve

alsohadexchangeswithtwoquantum-computingexperts.OneiscomputerscientistChrisJohnsonwhoɪseeassomeone

whohelpskeepthefieldhonest.TheotherisphysicistPhilipTaylor.

Fordecades,quantumcomputinghasbeenlittlemorethanalaboratorycuriosity.Now,bigtechcompanieshave

investedinquantumcomputing,ashavemanysmallerones.AccordingtoBusinessWeekly,quantummachinescould

helpus“curecancer,andeventakestepstoturnclimatechangeintheoppositedirection.,,Thisisthesortofhype（炒

作）thatannoysJohnson.Heworriesthatresearchersaremakingpromisestheycan,tkeep."What'snew,^^Johnson

wrote,ςςisthatmillionsofdollarsarenowpotentiallyavailabletoquantumcomputingresearchers.^^

Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmaymisleadinvestors,journalists,the

publicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork,spotential.Ifresearcherscan,tkeeptheirpromises,excitement

mightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandanger,Johnsonwarns.Lotsofothertechnologieshavegonethroughstages

ofexcitement.ButsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallyPronetohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhaps

because"'quantum'standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn,tbeabletounderstand."AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylor,

whosuggestedthatIreadhisbookQforQuantum.

AfterIreadthebook,Taylorpatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutit.Healsoansweredmyquestionsabout

PyQuantum,thefirmheco-foundedin2016.TaylorsharesJohnson,sconcernsabouthype,buthesaysthoseconcerns

donotapplytoPyQuantum.

Thecompany,hesays,iscloserthananyotherfirm“byaverylargemargin（幅度）“tobuildingaςςusefuΓ,

quantumcomputer,onethat4tsolvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnothavebeenabletosolveotherwise.^^Headds,

“Peoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinions,butIhavespentalotoftimequantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoing

withothers.^^

,,,,

CouldPyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition“byawidemargin5asTaylorclaims?Idontknow.Im

certainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.ButɪtrustTaylor,justasItrust

Johnson.

3ɪ.RegardingJohnson,sconcerns,theauthorfeels.

A.sympatheticB.unconcernedC.doubtfulD.excited

32.WhatleadstoTaylor,soptimismaboutquantumcomputing?

A.Hisdominanceinphysics.

B.Thecompetitioninthefield.

C.HisconfidenceinPyQuantum.

D.Theinvestmentoftechcompanies.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prone“inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Open.B.Cool.C.Useful.D.Resistant.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.IsJohnsonMoreCompetentThanTaylor?

B.IsQuantumComputingRedefiningTechnology?

C.WillQuantumComputersEverComeintoBeing?

D.WillQuantumComputingEverLiveUptoItsHype?

【答案】31.A32.C33.A34.D

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯•

约翰逊和物理学家菲利普•泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点。

31.推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmay

misleadinvestors,journalists,thepublicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork,spotential.Ifresearchers

can'tkeeptheirpromises,excitementmightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandangeηJohnsonwarns.（随

着量子计算吸引了更多的关注和资金，研究人员可能会误导投资者、记者、公众，最糟糕的是，他们自己的工

作潜力。约翰逊警告说，如果研究人员不能兑现承诺，兴奋可能会让位于怀疑、失望和愤怒）”根据最后一段“But

ItnlStTayIor,justasItrustJohnson."（但我相信泰勒，就像我相信约翰逊一样）可知，关于约翰逊的担忧，作

者是支持的。A.sympathetic同情的，赞同的；B.unconcerned不关心的；C.doubtful怀疑的；D.excited激动

的。故选A。

32.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Thecompany,hesays,iscloserthananyotherfirm"byaverylargemargin

（幅度）"tobuildinga“useful“quantumcomputer,onethatλsolvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnot

havebeenabletosolveotherwise."Headds,“Peoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinions,butIhavespentalot

oftimequantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoingwithothers.,,（他说，这家公司比其他任何公司都“在很大

程度上”接近于制造出“有用的”量子计算机，它“解决了一个有影响力的问题，否则我们无法解决这个问题*

他补充说：“人们自然会不相信我的观点，但我已经花了很多时间来定量地比较我们与他人的做法）“可知，泰勒

对量子计算的乐观来源于他对PyQuantum的信心。故选Co

33.词义猜测题。根据第三自然段wButsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallypronetohype,

Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecausewquantum,standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn,tbeabletounderstand.w

（但约翰逊表明，量子计算的某些方面使得它特别Pn）IIe被炒作，可能是因为“量子”代表了一些你不应该理

解的酷东西/）”可知，本句中含有一个原因状语从句，因为““量子”代表了一些你不应该理解的酷东西“，所

以它特别容易被炒作。故PrOne意为“易于……的"。A.Open.开放的；易受损害的；B.Cool.酷的；C.Useful.有

用的；D.Resistant.有抵抗力的。故选A。

34.主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“Now,bigtechcompanieshaveinvestedinquantumcomputing,ashavemany

smallerones.AccordingtoBusinessWeekly,quantummachinescouldhelpus“curecancer,andeventakesteps

toturnclimatechangeintheoppositedirection.Thisisthesortofhype（炒作）thatannoysJohnson."（现在,

大型科技公司和许多小型公司都在量子计算领域进行了投资。据《商业周刊》报道，量子机器可以帮助我们“治

愈癌症，甚至采取措施将气候变化转向相反的方向。这种炒作让约翰逊感到恼火以及最后一段“Could

PyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition^byawidemargin,,,asTaylorclaims?Idon,tknow.I,m

certainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.（PyQuantum真的能像泰

勒所说的那样“以巨大的优势”领先所有竞争对手吗？我不知道。我当然不会建议我的朋友或其他人投资量子

计算机。但我信任泰勒，就像我信任约翰逊一样。）”可知，本文主要论述了“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样

成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯•约翰逊和物理学家菲利普•泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点。所以短文的最佳标题

为“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？故选D。

名校模拟演练

（2U2J杳∙λL丁•局一校联用阶段练习）Asaparentoftwoyoungchildren,Isometimesfindmyselfsaying

less-than-perfectthings:"Ifyouspill（》西）thatmilkeverywhere,you,renotdrinkingmilkfortherestofyouror

“Holdon,Mommy,sonthephone.”（Notreally,MommyischeckingherFacebook.）

Butatthelibrary,Γmbetter.WhenI,matthelibrary,watchingmytwokidswithheadsbentoverbooks,ɪfeel

certainΓmgettingonethingright.Andthatthingisplainly,thelibrary.

Itstartswiththewalkover,whenmysonsandIgatherupthebooksthataredueandheadoutthedoor.Natesitsin

thepushchair（折叠式幼儿车）andClarkholdsmyhandaswecrossthestreet.Wetalkaboutwhatwe,rerenewingand

howmanybookswe,regoingtoget.ςςIt,sreallynicethatwelivesoclosetoourlibrary,,,Clarksometimesremarks.

WestartedgoingtothelibrarywhenClarkwasababy,ɪknewIwantedbooksandreadingtobeingrained（根深蒂

固的）inhislifefromanearlyage.ItookClarkthereatleasteverythreeweeks（whenthebooksweredue）startingwhen

hewasaroundsixmonthsold.HecametoknowourIibrarians-BevandBlossomarehisfavorites.Hebegantopractice

writinghisnamesothathe,dqualifyforhisownIibraiycard.

Assoonaswearrive,Ifeellikewe,reatourhappyplace.Youmaythinkit,sourhappyplacebecausemychildren

suddenlybecomequiet-letmeassureyouthat,snotit.IfrequentlyhavetoremindexcitedClarkandNatetowhisper.

I'mhappybecauseattheIibraiyIknowI,mdoingsomethinggoodforthem-withoutthecajoling（劝诱）that

good-for-themthingsoftenrequire.TheaddedbonusforabookloverlikemeisthefloodofjoythatcomeswhenIsee

eitherofmykidsturningthepagesofabooktheypulledofftheshelvesthemselves.

1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningherownwordsinparagraph1?

A.Sheisanimperfectparentattimes.B.Sheisaddictedtohercellphone.

C.Sheistiredoflookingafterkids.D.Sheisabsent-mindedandforgetful.

2.WhatpushedClarktopracticewritinghisname?

A.Hismother,srequirement.B.Thelibrarians,encouragement.

C.AlongingforBlossom,spraise.D.Adesireforhisownlibrarycard.

3.Whydoestheauthorfeelhappyatthelibrary?

A.Shecancajoleherkidsintoreading.B.Shecanenjoysomequietreadingtime.

C.Herkidsaredoingtherightthing.D.Herkidslearnalotfrombooklovers.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.MyIdeaAboutReadingB.MyLoveoftheLibrary

C.Library:DreamlandoftheYoungD.Reading:ASourceofKnowledge

【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在家带娃的妈妈发现自己不满意自己对待孩子的表现，但是在图书馆却好多了，

可以为孩子们做一些有益的事。

1.推理判断题。根据首段"Asaparentoftwoyoungchildren,Isometimesfindmyselfsayingless-than-perfect

things:"Ifyouspill（洒）thatmilkeverywhere,you,renotdrinkingmilkfortherestofyourlife."oraHoldon,

Mommy,sonthephone.”（Notreally,MommyischeckingherFaCebOok.）（作为两个年幼孩子的父母，我有时

会说一些不太完美的话：“如果你把牛奶洒得到处都是，你就别想喝牛奶了”。或者“等一下，妈妈在打电话J

（并不是，妈妈在看她的FaCebooko））”以及第二段首句"ButattheIibraiy,I'mbetter.（但在图书馆，我好多

了。）”可知，作者并不满意在家带孩子时自己的表现，而在图书馆好多了。可推知，她认为自己有时不是个完

美的家长。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段末句"Hebegantopracticewritinghisnamesothathe,dqualifyforhisownlibrary

card.（他开始练习写自己的名字，这样他就有资格申请借书证了。）”可知，Clark渴望拥有自己的借书证，这促

使他练习写自己的名字。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据末段第四句"I'mhappybecauseatthelibraryɪknowΓmdoingsomethinggoodfor

them-withoutthecajoling（劝诱）thatgood-for-themthingsoftenrequire.（我很高兴，因为在图书馆，我知道我在

为他们做一些有益的事情，而不再需要做一些为他们好的事情所需要的劝诱）“可知，作者在图书馆感到很快乐

是因为她的孩子们在做正确的事。故选C。

4.主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“Butatthelibrary」'mbetter.（但在图书馆，我好多了。）”以及末段首句“As

SOOnaSWealTive,Ifeellikewe'reatourhappyplace.俄们一至!∣,我就觉得我们在我们的快乐的地方。）“可知，

作者很喜欢图书馆。再结合全文可知，妈妈不满意自己在家对待孩子的表现，但是在图书馆却好多了，可以为

孩子们做一些有益的事，促进了妈妈对图书馆的喜欢。因此B项“我对图书馆的喜爱”可以作为本文的最佳标

题。故选R。

（2023春•浙江宁波•高三校联考阶段练习）1wasagraduatestudentinManhattanhavingbreakfastonmyrooftop

onSept.11,2001,whenɪwitnessedplaneshittheTwinTowers.Formonthsafterwards,Ishookwithanxietyevery

morning.Unwillingtomedicate,Itriedeverythingelse.Mindfulnessmeditation（冥想）causedpanicattacks.Hotyoga

builtmusclebutdidnothingformyanxiety.IwenttotalksbyBuddhistmonksandmeditationteachershopingtoattain

innerpeace,butinvain.Finally,IattendedaSKYBreathMeditationclass,whichinvolvesa20-minutebreathing

regimen（养生之道）indifferentposturesandrhythms.ThoughIwentinskeptical,Icameoutcalm.Twodecadeslater,I

nevermissedadayofmybreathingpractice,notevenwhenIgavebirth.

I,vealsodevotedpartofmyresearchcareertostudyingthebenefitsofbreathingformentalhealthandwell-being.

Sevenyearsafter9/11,Iwasworkingwithveteransreturningfromwarwithpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).

Traditionaltreatmentshadfailedmanyofthem,somycolleaguesandIranarandomizedcontrolledtrialtotestthe

effectsofSKYbreathing.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,veteranspracticingSKYeverydayforoneweeksawtheir

anxietydroptolevelstypicalofthegeneralpopulation.

Eventhoughmostdidnotcontinuetopractice,theymaintainedthebenefitsayearlater.

Emotionsinfluenceyourbreathingpatterns,andchangingyourbreathingcanchangeyouremotions.Forexample,

anxietyandangercorrespondtoanirregular,short,fastbreath.Adoptingtheslowerandmoreregularbreathingpattern

thatcorrespondstoacalmfeelingsignalsrelaxationbyactivatingthevagusnerve(交感神经),slowingheartrate,easing

bloodpressure,ands