2023届高三英语地市新题汇编02 阅读理解记叙文 解析版

2023届高三英语地市级新题快递-一模考试专辑

专题02阅读理解记叙文解析版

【2023广东深圳一模】Fromcottagessurroundedbyimpressivegardenstodaysspentexploringsandy

beachesanddeepwoodsfilledwithwildlife,inMyFamilyandOtherAnimals,EnglishwriterGeraldDurrell

providedavividaccountofhisfamily,stimeontheGreekislandofCorfuinthe1930s.

ComeforthearrestingdescriptionsofCorfulandscapesandstayforDurrelΓslaugh-out-loudtalesofhis

unusualfamily.Thisbook,Durrcllwrotehumorouslyintheintroduction,4ςwasintendedtobeanostalgic（怀I日

的）accountofnaturalhistory,butinthefirstfewpages,1madethemistakeOfintrodUCingmyfamily.''

Durrell,laterknownforhiszookeepingandthepreservationofwildlife,wasjustachildduringhisfamily,s

five-yearstayinCorfu.Heis1O-year-oldGerryinthebook—curious,passionateaboutanimalsandadetailed

storytellerofhisstrangefamily:hisimaginativeelderbrotherLarrywithhisliteraryambitions,Iovestrucksister

Margo,sportybrotherLeslieandhisever-calm,lovingmother.

DurrclΓsattentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebooksowinning,witheverysight,soundandsmelloftheisland

broughttolife.Oneminuteyou,llbelaughingasLarry,scleverliteraryfriendswalkdowntothedaffodil-yellow

cottage,thenextyou,llbecatchingyourbreathasDurrelldescribesswimmingatnightintheIonianSea:ςςLyingon

mybackinthesilkywater,staringatthesky,onlymovingmyhandsandfeetslightly,IwaslookingattheMilky

Waystretchinglikeasilkscarfacrosstheskyandwonderinghowmanystarsitcontained.,,

MyFamilyandOtherAnimalsisquitedifficulttoclassify,beingoneparttravel,onepartautobiography,one

partnaturalhistory,andonepartcomedy,withathreadofdescriptivelanguagerunningthroughoutthatsometimes

raisesitnearlytopoetry.

Asarealdelighttoread,it,stheperfectliteraryescapismforanyadultorolderteenagerwhoiscurrently

walkingdownatoughroadinlife.

4.WhichwordbestdescribesDurrelΓslifeinCorfu?

A.Risky.B.Busy.C.Tough.D.Diverse.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph2?

A.Iintroducedmyfamilybymistake.

B.Ishouldn'thaveintroducedmyfamily.

C.Icouldn,thelpintroducingmyfamily.

D.Igavewronginformationaboutmyfamily.

6.Whatareparagraph4and5mainlyabout?

A.Thebook,swritingfeature.

B.Durrell,srichimagination.

C.Someinterestingplotsofthebook.

D.Somevividdescriptionsoftheisland.

7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Toshareanexperience.

B.Torecommendabook.

C.Tointroduceawritingstyle.

D.Todescribeanunusualplace.

【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章推荐了英国作家GerakiDlIITeIl的一本书——《我的家人和其他动物》。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fromcottagessurroundedbyimpressivegardenstodaysspentexploring

sandybeachesanddeepwoodsfilledwithwildlife,inMyFamilyandOtherAnimals,EnglishwriterGerald

Durrellprovidedavividaccountofhisfamily,stimeontheGreekislandofCorfuinthe1930s.（从被令人印

象深刻的花园包围的小屋，到探索沙滩和充满野生动物的深林的日子，在《我的家人和其他动物》一书中，

英国作家GeraldDuITeIl生动地描述了20世纪30年代他的家人在希腊科孚岛的时光。）”可知，Durrell

在科孚岛的生活是多样的。故选D项。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据语境和划线句前文αwasintendedtobeaIloStaIgiC（怀旧的）accountofnaturalhistory,but

inthefirstfewpages,（本想成为一本关于自然史的怀旧书，）”可知，作者原本想写一本关于自然史的怀旧

书，从而推知，划线词句"butinthefirstfewDaReSJmadethemistakeOfintroducingmyfamily.（但在前

几页，我错误地介绍了我的家人。）”其中划线部分应为“我情不自禁地介绍了自己的家人”的意思。故

选C项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“DiiiTeirsattentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebooksowinning,withevery

sight,soundandsmelloftheislandbroughttolife.（Durreil对细节的关注使这本书如此引人入胜，岛上的

每一个景象、声音和气味都栩栩如生。）"和第五段"MyFamilyandOtherAnimalsisquitedifficultto

classify,beingoneparttravel,onepartautobiography,onepartnaturalhistory,andonepartcomedy,witha

threadofdescriptivelanguagerunningthroughoutthatsometimesraisesitnearlytopoetry.（《我的家庭和

其他动物》很难归类，一部分是游记，一部分是自传，一部分是自然历史，一部分是喜剧，一种描述性的

语言贯穿始终，有时几乎把它提升到诗歌的境界。）”可知，这两段主要介绍了这本书的写作特点。故选A

项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文，根据最后一段"Asarealdelighttoread,ifstheperfectliteraryescapismforany

adultorolderteenagerwhoiscurrentlywalkingdownatoughroadinlife.（作为一种真正的阅读乐趣，对于

任何目前正走在艰难人生道路上的成年人或年龄较大的青少年来说，这是一种完美的文学逃避。）”可知，

这篇文章的目的是为了推荐这本《我的家庭和其他动物》。故选B项。

[2023广东梅州一模】Whenmysonfirstbegancompetinginschoolchesstournaments,ɪoftenchattedwith

otherparents.Occasionally,Iwouldaskiftheyplayedchessthemselves.Normally,thereplywasno.WhenI

volunteeredthatɪwaslearningtoplay,theirtonewasCheerfullyjoking,ςςGoodluckwiththat!,,Ifthisgameisso

good,whyareadultsignoringit?Seeingsomeoneplayingsmartphonegames,Ipreferredtosay,“Whyareyou

havingyourkidsdochesswhileyouplay?”

Sure,weparentshadworktodo,workthathelpedpayforthelessonsourkidswereenjoying.ButIwasalso

wonderingifweweresendinganUnnoticeablemessagethatlearningwasfortheyoung.Duringonetournament,I

sawagroupofparentsplayingchess!Justthen,agroupofkidspassedme“Whyareadultslearningchess?,,One

asked,inanapparentlyjokingtone.

IwastiredOfSittingontheSideIiIIes.Iwantedin,andthatiswhyIgotamembershipcardandstarted

throwingmyselfin."EarIyon,Iwasnervous,eventhemastercansometimesplaybadly,,,asoneGrandmasterputit

“afannevef,.AndafanIwas.Itwasthreehoursofconcentrationandthinkingwithmyphoneoff.Itfeltlikeagym

whereIwastrainedtosolveproblemswithfocus,memory,logic,andoccasionalheadaches.Andofcoursehoursof

absenceofdigitaldeviceswouldneverbenogoodforthinkingsharply.

Beingabeginnercanbehardatanyage,butitgetsharderwhenyouareolder.Thephrase“adultbeginner,,has

anfairlygentlepity.Itimpliesthelearningofsomethingthatyoushouldhaveperhapsalreadyleaned.

4.Whatcanwelearnaboutotherparentsfromtheirremarks?

A.Theywereignoringotherlearners.

B.Theyagreedontheideaoflearningchess.

C.Theygavecongratulationstotheadultlessons.

D.Theythoughtitoddforanadulttolearnchess.

5.Howdidthechildinthesecondparagraphperceiveadultslearningchess?

A.Laughable.B.Imaginable.C.Understandable.D.Sensible.

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"sittingonthesidelines“meaninParagraph3?

A.Notbeingnoticed.B.Notbeinginvolved.

C.Expressingconfusingideas.D.Followingwhatothersdo.

7.Whatdidthewriterthinkofhisexperienceofleaningtoplaychess?

A.Ithelpedhimremaincalm.B.Itmadehimproudofhimself.

C.Ithelpedhimtrainhisbrain.D.Itmadehimlookratherfunny.

【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过和其他家长聊象棋时得到启发，下决心学下象棋并使

自己的大脑得到锻炼的故事。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"WhenIvolunteeredthatIwaslearningtoplay,theirtonewas

cheerfullyjoking,“Goodluckwiththat!nIfthisgameissogood,whyareadultsignoring

it?（当我主动提出我正在学下象棋时，他们的语气是愉快的玩笑，“祝你好运！”如果这个游戏这么好,

为什么成年人都忽视它呢？）”可知，这些家长开玩笑是觉得成年人学象棋很奇怪。故选D。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Justthen,agroupofkidspassedme,"Whyareadultslearning

CheSs?”Oneasked,inanapparentlyjokingtone.（就在这时，一^群孩子从我身边走过，"为什么成

年人都在学象棋？”其中一人显然是开玩笑地问道。）”可知，孩子们是在开玩笑，由此可以推出，孩子

们认为成年人学象棋这件事情很可笑。故选A项。

【6题详解】

词义猜测题。根据文章第三段aIwantedin,andthatiswhyIgotamembershipcardandstarted

throwingmyselfin.（我想加入，所以我办了张会员卡，开始投身其中。）”可知，作者想学习象棋，并

加入了学习象棋的队伍当中。跟前文“tiredof”表示“厌倦某事”形成对比。由此推测出，作者应该是

厌倦了坐在旁边看着大家下棋的生活，想要加入进去。B项“不参与其中”符合句意。故选B项。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段"ItfeltlikeagymwhereIwastrainedtosolveproblemswith

focus,memory,logic,andoccasionalheadaches.（这感觉就像一个健身房，在那里我被训练用专注力、

记忆力、逻辑性和偶尔的头痛来解决问题。）”可知，下象棋就像是把自己的脑子带去健身房接受训练来

解决问题即体现出学习下象棋帮助作者锻炼大脑。故选C。

[2023山东荷泽一模】MonicaBertagnolliisanOnCOlogiSt（肿瘤学家）atBrighamandWomen,sHospital

andaprofessorofsurgeryatHarvardMedicalSchool.GrowingupinWyoming,shewaswellawareofthelackof

healthcareresourcesinruralareas.Accesstoin-depthcareforcancerpatientsishardtoget.She,sworked

throughouthercareertochangethat.

InWyoming,there,sagreatdistancetotravelbetweenwherepeopleliveandwheretheycanfindacancer

specialist.44Ifyouneedtreatmentsandtheyhavetobeadministeredeveryday,andifit,s120milesfromwhereyou

live,thatendsupbeingahugebarriertoreceivingthekindofcareyouneed.^^

AndnowMonicaservesasthevicepresidentoftheCoalition（联盟）ofCancerCooperativeGroups（CCCG）

—aninternationalnetworkOfindividualswhoworktoimprovethequalityoflifeandsurvivalofcancerpatientsby

increasingparticipationincancerclinicaltrials.

Shesaid,ςςOneofthereallyimportantthingsis,we,retryingtomakesurethatcancerclinicaltrialscangetto

everysinglepatientwhoneedstheminmyownstate."ThecoalitionsetupsitesinnorthernandsouthernWyoming

thatareabletorunclinicaltrials.Beforethosetrialsbecameavailable,patientswouldusuallygotoDenverorSalt

LakeCity——athree-to-seven-hourdrive.

Monica,seffortstoincreaseaccesstothehealthcareneedsofherruralWyomingpatientsalsoincludehelping

todevelopnewpoliciesthatwillallowpatientstoparticipateinmoreclinicaltrials,andlinkingthemwitharegional

doctorwhocangetthemtheaccesstothecaretheyneed.

Inadditiontotheclinicaltrials,Monicasaidthattechnology'sprogresslikebettercellphoneandinternet

serviceinthemountainsofWyoming,aswellassocialmedia,hashelpedruralresidentsstayintouchwithloved

onesandmedicalprofessionalsdespitetheirdistance.Sheistryingtoadvocatestronglyforthosechangesto

continue.

“IstillconsidermyselfpartofWyomingandIamverydevotedtomakingsurethatpatientscangetaccessto

care.,,

4.WhatdoruralcancerpatientsinWyomingneedmost?

A.Healthcare.B.Betterhousing.

C.Furthereducation.D.Publictransportation.

5.HowhasMonicahelpedthecancerpatients?

A.Byofferingclinicaltrials.B.Byadvocatingfinancialaid.

C.Byimprovinginternetservice.D.Bytrainingmedicalprofessionals.

6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMonica?

A.Determinedandloyal.B.Honestandgenerous.

C.Gratefulandcourageous.D.Devotedandresponsible.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Technology:ApushforprogressB.Monica:Ahelperforcancerpatients

C.CCCG:ApioneerforcancertreatmentD.Clinicaltrials:Ahopeforcancerpatients

【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍肿瘤学家MOniCaBertagnolli为农村癌症患者能够获得医疗资

源和医疗保健所作出的努力与贡献。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“GrowingupinWyoming,shewaswellawareofthelackofhealthcare

resourcesinruralareas.Accesstoin-depthcareforcancerpatientsishardtoget.She,sworkedthroughout

hercareertochangethat.（在Wyoming州长大的她非常清楚农村地区缺乏医疗资源。癌症患者很难获得深

入的护理。她的整个职业生涯都在努力改变这种状况。）”可知在Wyoming州农村癌症患者最缺乏的是医

疗资源和深入的医疗护理，即他们最需要的是医疗保健。故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“AndnowMonicaservesasthevicepresidentoftheCoalition（联盟）ofCancer

CooperativeGroups（CCCG）—aninternationalnetworkofindividualswhoworktoimprovethequality

oflifeandsurvivalofcancerpatientsbyincreasingparticipationincancerclinicaltrials.（现在，Monica担

任癌症合作组织联盟（CCCG）的副主席。CCCG是一个由个人组成的国际网络，通过增加对癌症临床试

验的参与来提高癌症患者的生活质量和生存率。）”以及第四段“Shesaid,6Oneofthereallyimportantthings

is,vve,retryingtomakesurethatcancerclinicaltrialscangettoeverysinglepatientwhoneedstheminmy

ownstate/ThecoalitionsetupsitesinnorthernandsouthernWyomingthatareabletorunclinicaltrials.

Beforethosetrialsbecameavailable,patientswouldusuallygotoDenverorSaltLakeCity—a

three-to-seven-hourdrive.（她说一真正重要的一件事是，我们正在努力确保癌症临床试验能够惠及我所在

州每一位需要的患者。，该联盟在Wyoming州北部和南部设立了能够进行临床试验的站点。在这些试验开

始之前，患者通常会去丹佛或盐湖城，车程三到七小时。）”可知，Monica通过提供临床试验来帮助癌症

患者。故选A。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Inadditiontotheclinicaltrials,Monicasaidthattechnology^progresslike

bettercellphoneandinternetserviceinthemountainsofWyoming,aswellassocialmedia,hashelped

ruralresidentsstayintouchwithlovedonesandmedicalprofessionalsdespitetheirdistance.Sheistrying

toadvocatestronglyforthosechangestoc°ntimιe.（除了临床试验之外，MOniCa说，技术的进步，比如

Wyoming州山区更好的手机和互联网服务，以及社交媒体，已经帮助农村居民与亲人和医疗专业人员保

持联系，尽管他们相隔遥远。她正在努力大力倡导这些改革继续下去。）”以及最后一段“，Istillconsider

myselfpartofWyomingandIamverydevotedtomakingsurethatpatientscangetaccesstocare.'C我仍然

认为自己是WyomiIIg州的一员，我非常致力于确保患者能够获得医疗。，广可知MOniCa非常敬业，富有

责任心。故选D。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"MonicaBertagnolliisanoncologist（肿瘤学家）atBrighamandWomen,s

HospitalandaprofessorofsurgeryatHarvardMedicalSchool.GrowingupinWyoming,shewaswell

awareofthelackofhealthcareresourcesinruralareas.Accesstoin-depthcareforcancerpatientsishard

toget.She,sworkedthroughouthercareertochangethat（MonicaBertagnolli是布里格姆妇女医院的肿瘤

学家，也是哈佛医学院的外科教授。在怀俄明州长大的她非常清楚农村地区缺乏医疗资源。癌症患者很难

获得深入的护理。她的整个职业生涯都在努力改变这种状况。）”以及下文对MonicaBertagm）Hi的详细介

绍可知，本文主要介绍了Monica为改变农村癌症患者缺乏医疗资源和医疗保健所作出的贡献，B选项

"Monica：一位帮助癌症患者的人”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为本文标题。故选B。

[2023广东茂名一模】ImaginethemostEnglish-Englishpersonyoucanthinkof.NowI,mfairlycertainthat

nomatterwhatpictureyoujustthoughtup,thatpersoncomescompletewithastiffupperlipandacupofteaintheir

hand,becausethafswhattheEnglishdo.TheyCarryonandtheydrinktea.TeaissoutterlyEnglish,sucharooted

partoftheculture,thatit,salsorootedinhoweveryoneelsearoundtheworldperceivesthatculture.

Andwhileit,sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivationoftea

drinking,it,sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular,one

Portuguesewoman.

Travelbackintimeto1662,whenCatherineofBraganza（daughterofPortugaΓsKingJohnIV）wonthehand

ofEngland'snewlyrestoredmonarch,KingCharlesII,withthehelpofaverylargedowry（嫁》女）thatincluded

money,spices,treasuresandthehighlyprofitableportsOfTangiersandBombay.Thismadeheroneveryimportant

lady:theQueenofEngland,ScotlandandIreland.

WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles,sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspartofher

personalbelongings;itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.Afunlegendhasitthattheboxeswere

markedIransportedeErvasAromaticas(TransportofAromaticHerbs)latershortenedtoT.E.A.

Thatlastbitprobablyisn,ttrue(expertsbelievetheword"tea"camefromaChinesecharacter),butwhatisfor

sureisthatteawasalreadypopularamongtheupperclassofPortugalduetothecountιy,sdirecttradelinetoChina

viaMacau.

4.WhatdopeoplethinkofteadrinkinginBritain?

A.IyPiCaLB.Fashionable.C.Incredible.D.Unusual.

5.WhopromotedthefashionofteadrinkinginEngland?

A.CommonWesterners.

B.TheChinesepeople.

C.Portugal,sKingJohnIV.

D.TheQueenofKingCharlesII.

6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

ATeawaspartofthedowryofCatherineofBraganza.

B.Theword4tea,camefromPortuguesemarksontheboxes.

C.TeabecamepopularinPortugalearlierthanitdidinEngland.

D.ThedirecttradelinebetweenChinaandEnglanddevelopedbecauseoftea.

7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ThestorybehindBritishteadrinking.

B.ThelegendofteadrinkinginPortugal.

C.TheoriginofWesterners5teadrinking.

D.ThehistoryofteatradebetweenChinaandBritain.

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国饮茶文化背后的起源故事。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"NowI'mfairlycertainthatnomatterwhatpictureyoujustthoughtup,

thatpersoncomescompletewithastiffupperlipandacupofteaintheirhand,becausethat,swhatthe

EngIiShdo.(现在我很确定，不管你刚刚想到的是什么画面，那个人都是紧绷着上嘴唇，手里拿着一杯茶，

因为英国人就是这样做的)”可知，人们认为英国人喝茶很典型。故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段"Andwhileit,sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothank

fortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking,it,sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspiredits

popularityinEnglandinparticular,onePortugueseWOman.（众所周知，西方人要感谢中国是饮茶的起源，

但鲜为人知的是，是葡萄牙人，尤其是一位葡萄牙妇女，激发了饮茶在英国的流行）”和第三段第一句

wTravelbackintimeto1662,whenCatherineofBraganza（daughterofPortugal,sKingJohnIV）won

thehandofEngland^snewlyrestoredmonarch,KingCharlesII,withthehelpofaverylargedowry（嫁

妆）thatincludedmoney,spices,treasuresandthehighlyprofitableportsofTangiersandBombay.（追溯到

1662年，布拉干萨的凯瑟琳（葡萄牙国王约翰四世的女儿）在一大笔嫁妆的帮助下赢得了英国新复辟君

主查理二世的手，嫁妆包括金钱、香料、珍宝以及利润丰厚的坦吉尔和孟买港口）”可知，英国国王查理

二世的王后促进了英国的饮茶风尚。故选D。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒第二段第一句"WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles,sheissaidtohave

packedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings;itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofher

dowry.（当她搬到北方加入查尔斯国王时，据说她把散叶茶作为私人物品的一部分；这很可能也是她嫁妆

的一部分）”和最后一段中的"butwhatisforsureisthatteawasalreadypopularamongtheupperclassof,

Portugalduetothecountry,sdirecttradelinetoChinaviaMaCalI（但可以肯定的是，由于葡萄牙通过澳门

与中国的直接贸易关系，茶叶在葡萄牙上层阶级中已经很受欢迎）”可知，茶在葡萄牙比在英国流行得早。

故选C。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Andwhileit,sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothank

fortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking,it,sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspiredits

popularityinEnglandinparticular,onePortugueseWOmalI.（众所周知，西方人要感谢中国是饮茶的起源，

但鲜为人知的是，是葡萄牙人，尤其是一位葡萄牙妇女，激发了饮茶在英国的流行）”，第三段第一句中

的wTraveIbackintimeto1662（追溯到1662年）”和第四段“WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKing

Charles,sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings;itwouldalsohave

likelybeenpartofherdowry.AfunlegendhasitthattheboxesweremarkedIransportedeErvas

Aromaticas（TransportofAromaticHerbs）latershortenedtoT.E.A.（当她搬到北方加入查尔斯国王时，据

说她把散叶茶作为私人物品的一部分；这很可能也是她嫁妆的一部分。一个有趣的传说是，这些盒子被标

记为IranSPOrtedeErVaSAromatiCaS（芳香草药运输），后来被简称为T.E.A）”可知，文章主要是讲英国

茶饮背后的故事。故选A。

[2023安徽淮北——模】Thewallsofourhouseweresupposedtobewhite.ButIneverrememberthembeing

white.Atfirst,theyweregrey,thenturningblack.Myfatherwasacoalworker.Hemadecharcoal（木炭）inour

house.Haveyoueverseencharcoalbeingmade?Thelittlebagsyoubuyinthestoreforbarbeque,theycomefrom

somewhere,andhonestly,it,saverydirtybusiness.

IrememberonedayIwasbaggingupthecharcoalwithmydad,anditwasreallycoldandraining.AllWehad

wasthetinyroofoverourheads.Afterafewhours,Igottogotoschool,whereitwaswarm.Mydadstayedout

thereworking,allday.Ifhcdidn,tsellthatday,maybeWewouldn,thaveenoughtoeat.Ithoughttomyself:Atsome

point,everythingisgoingtochange.

Forthis,Iowefootballeverything.Istartedfootballearly.Iplayedsomuchfootballthateverytwomonths,my

bootswouldbreakapart.WhenIwasseven,Imusthavebeenprettygood,becauseIscored64goalsformy

neighborhoodteam.Thatyear,mydadgotacallfromacoachsayingtheywantedmetoplaythere.Mydadasked,

“Oh,it,stoofaraway.Ninekilometers.Howwillwegethimthere?"Mymomsaid,4ςNo,no,no!Don,tworry,1,11

takehim!,,AndthatiswhenGracielawasbom.

Gracielawasanoldyellowbicyclethatmymotherwouldusetodrivemetotrainingeveryday.Ithadalittle

basketinthefront.Imaginethis:Awomanbikingthroughtownwithalittleboyonthebackandabaginthebasket

withhisboots.Uphills.Downhills.Throughthedangerousneighborhoods.Intherain.Inthecold.Inthedark.

Gracielagotuswhereweneededtogo.

NowadayspeoplelookonYouTube,watchtheWorldCupandseetheresults,buttheydon,tknowthejourney.

Theydon,tknowaboutmylivingroomwallsturningfromwhitetoblack.Theydon,tknowaboutmyfather

workingunderalittleroof.Theydon,tknowaboutmymotherridingGracielathroughtherainandthecold.

4.Whydidthewallsoftheauthor,shouseturnblack?

A.Hisfamilywantedtochangethelookoftheiroldhouse.

B.Thecolorblackcouldcoveruphisfathcr,sdirtybusiness.

C.Theauthoroftenmadeindoorbarbequeswiththecharcoal.

D.Therewasalotofcoaldustcreatedfromhisfather,swork.

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutGraciela?

A.Gracielawasayellowbicyclewithabasket.

B.Gracielawasnamedaftertheauthor,smother.

C.Gracielawasbornwhentheauthorwasnine.

D.Gracielagotthefamilywherevertheywantedtogo.

6.Whatgoodqualitydotheauthorandhisparentshaveincommon?

A.Determined.B.Confident.C.Ambitious.D.Easygoing.

7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?

A.Intimeoftest,familyisbest.B.Happinessisachoice,notaresult.

C.Onewhofearsfailurelimitshisactivities.D.Behindeveryglorythereisalwaysastory.

【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章节选自阿根廷足球运动员迪马利亚的自述，讲述了他辉煌背后鲜为人知

的故事。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段的"Atfirst,theyweregrey,thenturningblack.Myfatherwasacoalworker.He

madecharcoal（木炭）inourhouse.Haveyoueverseencharcoalbeingmade?Thelittlebagsyoubuyinthe

storeforbarbeque,theycomefromsomewhere,andhonestly,it,saverydirtybusiness」起初，它们是灰色

的，然后变成黑色。我父亲是煤矿工人。他在我们家烧木炭。你见过木炭的制作过程吗？你在商店里买的

烧烤用的小袋子，它们来自某个地方，老实说，这是一个非常肮脏的行业）”可知，作者家的墙变黑了是

因为他父亲的工作产生了很多煤尘。故选D。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段的“Gracielawasanoldyellowbicyclethatmymotherwouldusetodrivemeto

trainingeveryday.Ithadalittlebasketinthefront.（Graciela是一辆旧的黄色自行车，我妈妈每天都会用

它载我去训练。它前面有一个小篮子）”可知，Graeiela是一辆带篮子的黄色自行车。故选A。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段的"1thoughttOmySelf:AtSOmePOint,everythingisgoingtochange.（我心想：总

有一天，一切都会改变）”,第二段的"Mydadstayedoutthereworking,allday.Ifhedidn,tsellthat

day,maybewewouldn'thaveenoughtoeat.（我爸整天都在外面工作。如果那天他不工作，也许我们就吃

不饱了）”和第四段的"Awomanbikingthroughtownwithalittleboyonthebackandabaginthebasket

withhisboots.LJphills.Downhills.Throughthedangerousneighborhoods.Intherain.Inthecold.Inthe

dark.（一个骑着自行车穿过小镇的女人背着一个小男孩，篮子里有一个包和他的靴子。上山。下山。穿过

危险的街区。在雨中。在寒冷中。在黑暗中）”可推知，作者和父母有一个共同的品质，那就是意志坚定，

故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的"NowadayspeoplelookonYouTube,watchtheWorldCupandseethe

results,buttheydon,tknowthejourney.Theydon,tknowaboutmylivingroomwallsturningfrom

whitetoblack.Theydon,tknowaboutmyfatherworkingunderalittleroof.Theydon,tknowaboutmy

motherridingGracieIathroughtherainandtheCOId.（现在人们在YouTube上看世界杯，看比赛结果，但

他们不知道比赛的过程。他们不知道我客厅的墙从白色变成了黑色。他们不知道我父亲在一个小房子里工

作。他们不知道我妈妈骑着Graciela在雨中冒着寒冷）”可推知，作者想告诉我们每一个荣耀的背后都有

一个故事。故选D。

【2023广东佛山一模】Deveza,smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant（肾移植）.Deveza

wantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys一butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealth

problemsashermotherinlaterlife.

Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld,sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgans

betweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherIiver（Af）forsomeoneelse,skidney.Acasestudyoftheorganexchange

hasnowbeenpublished,andthesurgeonswhowereinvolvedarecallingformoreexchangeslikethis.ςςYoucan

imaginetheenormousimpactformixedorganextendedchains,,,saysJohnRoberts,asurgeonatUniversityof

California,SanFrancisco.

Mostorgantransplantscomefrompeoplewhohavedied,butthereareneverenoughorgans.Asmostpeople

canmanagewithjustoneoftheirkidneys,peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgans

fromrelativesorfriends.Ifsomeonewantstodonatebuttheirimmune（免疫的）systemisunsuited,doctorsmaybe

abletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother,srelative.

WhenDevezawaslookingintosuchchains,shecameacrossresearchdescribingtheideaoftradingakidney

withtheonlyotherorgangenerallytakenfromalivingdonor——theliver.Shesuggestedtheideatomanyhospitals

beforeshefinallycontactedRoberts,whosawtheidea,spotential.

Devezawasassessedtobeingoodenoughhealthtodonatepartofherliver.Itthentook18monthstofind

AnnieSimmons,inIdaho,whoseliverwasunsuitabletouseasatransplantforhersisterwithsevereliverdisease.

Theydrewupaplan:SimmonswoulddonateakidneytoDeveza,smother,andinreturn,Devezawouldgivehalf

herlivertoSimmons,sister.Thehospitalgavethego-aheadandthefouroperationstookplaceonthesameday

successfully.

Theteamhopethattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssays

thatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear-a

tenpercentincrease.

4.WhatdidDevezadotosavehermother?

A.Carryingoutacasestudy.

B.Callingforkidneydonations.

C.Launchingamedicale