2023外研版新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习-Unit 4　A glimpse of the future

Unit4Aglimpseofthefuture

五年高考练

阅读理解

A

主题语境：人与植物语篇类型：说明文建议用时石

（2020全国I,D,∙⅛）

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.

Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,

discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshown

tobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurther-

changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusual

functions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey,reshort

ofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.4ςWe,rethinkingabouthow

wecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,,,explainedMichael

Strano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（发光）inexperimentsusingsome

commonvegetables.Strano,steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-half

hours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.The

technology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-

poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedonto

plantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant,slifetime.Theengineersarealsotrying

todevelopanonandOff“switch“Wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingis

oftenfarremovedfromthepowerSOUrCe（电源）一suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreet

lampsonaremotehighway-alotofenergyislostduringtransmission^^）.Glowingplantscould

reducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.

词汇积累

LComPOSitionn.构成;组合方式2.printvt.印出,压印;打印3.faintadj.（光、声、味）微弱的，不

清楚的

l.Whatisthefirstparagι*aphmainlyabout?

A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.

B.Abigfallincrimerates.

C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.

D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.

2.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?

A.Todetectplants9lackofwater.

B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.

C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.

D.Totestchemicalsinplants.

3.WhatcanWeexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?

A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.

B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.

C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.

D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?

B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?

C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?

D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?

B

主题语境：科技发展语篇类型：说明文建议用时n

（2019课标全国I,CW）

Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingfor

biometric（生物，则量technologies——likefingerprintscans——tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.At

present,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）that

getsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.ThissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasurestheCadenCe（节

奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldoffera

stronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser,stypingandthetimebetweenkey

presses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeteπninepeople,s

identities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit,sconnectedto一

regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesn,trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen,talreadyfamiliarwith.

Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”

fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognize

differentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthe

keyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,

plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

词汇积累

l.beuniqueto对....来说是独特的

2.straightforwardadj.简单的;易懂的;坦率的

5.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

A.Toreducepressureonkeys.

B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.

C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.

D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.

6.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?

A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.

BTingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.

C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.

D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.

7.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?

A.It,llbeenvironment-friendly.

B.It,llreachconsumerssoon.

C.It,llbemadeofplastics.

D.It,llhelpspeeduptyping.

8.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.

C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

答案与分层梯度式解析

Unit4Aglimpseofthefuture

五年高考练

A

◎语篇解读本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为人与植物之间的关系。文

章介绍了绿植对人类的积极影响和发光植物的节能作用并预测了其前景。本文有助于培养学

生的分析、推理、判断能力以及科学创新精神。

1.D主旨大意题。本题题干意为:第一段主要讲的是什么?根据第一段第二句（最近的研究发现

了积极的影响。）以及第三、四句所举的两个实例（城市中绿化越好的地区犯罪率越低;装饰有

室内植物的工作场所的员工的生产力提高了15%o）可知,第一段主要讲的是绿植带来的好处。

所以D项正确。A:对不同植物的一项新研究;B:犯罪率的大幅下降;C:来自不同工作场所的员

ɪɑ

2.A细节理解题。本题题干意为:麻省理工学院的工程师们压印在植物叶子上的传感器有什

么作用？根据第二段第二句中的"Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavesto

showwhenthey,reshortofWater”可知A项（为了检测植物缺水）正确。B:为了改变植物的成分;C:

为了让植物的寿命更长;D:为了探测植物中的化学物质。

3.C推理判断题。本题题干意为:我们未来对这些发光植物可以有什么期待？由文章最后一句

uGlowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.（发光植物可以缩短距离，

从而有助于节约能源。）”可知,C项（它们可能有助于减少能源消耗）正确。A:它们将加速能源

生产;B:它们可能把电传输到家中;D:它们可能取代发电厂。

4.C主旨大意题。本题题干意为:以下哪一个可以作为这篇文章的最佳标题?文章主要讲的是

绿植给我们带来的积极影响并重点讲了发光植物的现状以及美好前景。结合文章第三段最后

一句话"Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntrees

intoself-poweredstreetlamps.（Strano说,这项技术有一天可以用来照亮房间,或者甚至把树木变

成自供电的路灯。）”可知C项（CoUIdgIOWingPlantSrePIaCeIamps?）契合文章的核心内容。A:我

们可以种植更多的发光植物吗?B:我们如何与发光植物共同生活?D:如何让发光植物无污染？

长难句

原句Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplaceswere

decoratedwithhouseplants.

分析本句是一个主从复合句,主句是"employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductive,∖when

引导时间状语从句。

译文在另一项研究中,当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时,他们的工作效率显示了15%的提

局I0

B

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为科技发展。文章介绍了

GeOrgiaTeCh的研究者们想出了一种低成本的装置——智能键盘,来保护私人的电子空间,并希

望这种设备能尽快进入市场,服务消费者。本文侧重培养学生的创新能力。

5.D细节理解题。本题题干意为:研究者们为什么研发智能键盘?根据文章第一段可知,现在一

些阻止别人进入私人电子空间的技术成本仍然很高。因此,来自GeOrgiaTeCh的研究者们想出

了一种低成本的（1。W-COSt）装置——智能键盘,来应对这个问题。所以答案为D项:减少电子空

间保护的成本。A:减轻对按键的压力;B:提升打字的精确度;C:取代密码系统。

6.C细节理解题。本题题干意为:什么使智能键盘这项发明成为可能?根据第二段第四句

“ThesepatternsareuniquetoeachPerSOn.”可知,因为每个人的打字模式各不相同,所