International Economics智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年

InternationalEconomics智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年InternationalEconomicsFreetraderspointoutthat:()

A:ProducerslosefromtariffsattheexpenseofthegovernmentB:ThereisusuallyanefficiencylossfromhavingtariffsC:ProducerslosefromtariffsattheexpenseofconsumersD:Thereisusuallyanefficiencygainfromhavingtariffs答案:ThereisusuallyanefficiencylossfromhavingtariffsWhichofthefollowingwouldcallforinpaymentstotheUnitedStates?()

A:GoldflowingoutoftheUnitedStatesB:Americanunilateraltransferstoless-developedcountriesC:AmericanfirmssellinginsurancetoBritishshippingcompaniesD:AmericanimportsofGermansteel答案:AmericanfirmssellinginsurancetoBritishshippingcompaniesThetheoryexplainsthatthechangeintheexchangeratebetweentwocurrenciesisproportionaltothechangeintheratiointhetwocountries'generalpricelevels.（）

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Intherealworld,areasonfactor-priceequalizationoflabordoesnotcompletelyholdtrueisthatitisunrealistictoassumethattherearenotraderestrictions.（）

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Freetradereducesthelevelofincomeofspecializedfactorsofproductioninimport-competingsectors,butdoesnotaffectthelevelofincomeofcommonfactorsofproduction.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错误Underafloatingexchangeratesystem,ifcapitalisfullymobile,stimulatingaggregatedemandthroughfiscalpolicydoesnotachievethepurposeofaffectingequilibriumoutputorequilibriumincome.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Internationaltradeactsasasubstitutefortheinternationalmobilityoffactorsofproductioninitseffectonfactorprices.（）

A:对B:错答案:对Internationaltradeoccurswhenmanufacturersineachcountrypursuearepresentativedemandfortheircountry.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错误Becausealargenumberofinternationaltransactionsfailtogetrecorded,statisticiansinsertaresidual,knownasstatisticaldiscrepancy,toensurethattotaldebitsequaltotalcredits.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Pointsonlowercommunityindifferencecurvesarepossible,butwouldnotmaximizethenation’swelfare.（）

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Althoughanimporttariffprovidesthedomesticgovernmentadditionaltaxrevenue,itbenefitsdomesticconsumersattheexpenseofdomesticproducers.()

A:对B:错答案:错Factorendowmentisarelativeconcept,havingnothingtodowiththeabsolutequantityoffactorsofproductionpossessedbyacountry.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Policyinstrumentsthatcanaffectinternationalcompetitivenessareknownasspending-changepolicies.()

A:正确B:错误答案:错误OntheU.S.balanceofpayments,thefollowingtransactionsaredebits,leadingtopaymentstoforeigners:merchandiseimports,travelexpenditures,giftstoforeignresidents,andoverseasinvestmentsbyU.S.residents.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Thelargerthesizeandthegreaterthenumberofcountriesinacustomsunion,thegreaterwillbethetrade-diversioneffect.()

A:错B:对答案:错Inclassicaltradetheory,laboristheonlyfactorofproduction,andthedifferenceinproductiontechnologyisembodiedinthedifferenceinlaborproductivity.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确AsurplusonGermany'sgoods-and-servicesbalanceindicatesthatGermanyhassoldmoregoodsandservicestoforeignersthanithasboughtfromthemoveraone-yearperiod.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Withconstantreturnstoscale，inputsincreaseindirectproportiontotheincreaseinoutput.（）

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Theimpactofinternationaltradeontheincreaseintheincomeofcommonfactorsofproductionisdefiniteandisindependentofthemagnitudeofthechangeinthepricesofimportedandexportedcommodities.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错误Mundellcreativelyputforwardthetheoreticalmodelof"twogoalsandtwotools".()

A:正确B:错误答案:错误Theestablishmentofacustomsunionmayfacilitatetheformationofnewmonopolies.()

A:错B:对答案:对nvestmentsinsecuritieswithyieldsthatareinverselycorrelatedisknownasPortfoliotheory.（）

A:错B:对答案:对Apositivebalanceonthegoods-and-servicesaccountofthebalanceofpaymentsindicatesanexcessofexportsoverimportswhichmustbeaddedtothenation'sgrossdomesticproduct.()

A:错B:对答案:错Intra-industrytradereflectscomparativeadvantage.()

A:正确B:错误答案:错误Withaspecifictariff,thedegreeofprotectionaffordeddomesticproducersvariesdirectlywithchangesinimportprices.()

A:对B:错答案:错Asubsidygrantedtoimport-competingproducersisintendedtoleadtoincreaseddomesticproductionanddecreasedimportsforthehomecountry.()

A:对B:错答案:对OPECisacartelofmonopolies.()

A:正确B:错误答案:错误Thecurveforthelevelofdegreeorutilityis()

A:CurveofsupplyconditionsB:ThebudgetlineC:DemandCurveD:Indifferencecurve答案:AI参考:正确答案是D：Indifferencecurve。\n\n在经济学中，需求曲线表示的是一种商品的价格与需求量之间的关系，而供给曲线表示的是生产者的价格与产量之间的关系。预算线表示的是在既定的预算约束下，消费者所能获得的最大效用或满足程度。而偏好曲线，即无差异曲线，表示的是两种商品的不同数量的组合给消费者带来的满足程度是相等的。因此，根据题干中的描述，水平线表示的是消费者对两种商品之间的偏好程度，因此应该选择D选项——无差异曲线。'Theexistenceoftwoormoreparityratesofonecurrencyagainstanotheriscalled()

A:aftertheexchangerateB:BuyingrateC:MarketexchangerateD:Singleexchangerate答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Singleexchangerate。\n单一汇率是指一个国家对货币对外价值作出固定不变的规定，并使本国货币与外国货币的汇率保持固定的汇率制度。因此，选项D是正确答案。其他选项的含义如下：A项“汇率变动后”是指货币兑换率发生了变动；B项“买入汇率”是指银行买入外汇时所使用的汇率；C项“市场汇率”是指外汇市场上买卖外汇所使用的汇率。'Theframeworkfortheexchangeofonenationalcurrencyforanotheris:（）

A:theforeignexchangemarketB:thebondmarketC:thecentralbankD:theWorldTradeOrganization答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:theforeignexchangemarket。\n外汇市场是买卖外汇的场所，是进行货币之间交换的机构。该选项中“exchangeofonenationalcurrencyforanother”说明了这种交换活动，符合题目要求。B选项的债券市场是债券发行和流通的市场，与题干中的货币交换无关；C选项的中央银行是货币发行机构，不是货币交换的场所；D选项的世贸组织是一个国际组织，不是货币交换的场所。因此，答案为A。'Afirmthatfacesproblemsoffallingsalesandexcessproductivecapacitymightresorttointernationaldumpingifit:()

A:EarnsrevenuesonforeignsalesthatatleastcovervariablecostsB:IsabletoforceforeignpricesbelowmarginalproductioncostsC:CanchargehigherpricesinmarketsthatareelastictopricechangesD:Cansellatthatpricewheredomesticandforeigndemandelasticitiesequate答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Cansellatthatpricewheredomesticandforeigndemandelasticitiesequate。\n\n如果一个面临销售下降和生产能力过剩问题的公司采取国际倾销，那么它可能会选择在国内外需求弹性相等的地方以同样的价格出售产品。选项A、B、C都与国际倾销的定义不符，因此不是正确答案。因此，答案为D。'Anationthathasanopeneconomy:（）

A:hasflexibleexchangeratesB:tradeswithothernationsC:allowsprivateownershipofcapitalD:hasfixedexchangerates答案:AI参考:正确答案是C:allowsprivateownershipofcapital。\n\n选项A和D都与固定汇率有关，不符合题意。选项B与贸易有关，但不是开放经济的特点。只有选项C，即允许私人拥有资本，才是开放经济的特点之一。因此，正确答案是C。'Theconditionsfora"miserablegrowth"ininternationaltradeare()

A:ProductsupplyisflexibleB:InfiniteelasticityofdemandforproductsC:ProductAhasAhighelasticityofdemandD:TheelasticityofdemandforproductBisverylow答案:AI参考:正确答案是D：TheelasticityofdemandforproductBisverylow。\n在国际贸易中，出现“悲惨增长”的条件是产品B的需求弹性非常低。因此，选项D是正确答案。其他选项A、B、C都不符合题意。'A____________________showsthevariouscombinationsoftwocommoditiesthatyieldequalsatisfactiontothecommunityornation.（）

A:marginalrateoftransformationcurveB:productionfrontierC:communityindifferencecurveD:consumptionpossibilitiescurve答案:AI参考:正确答案是C:communityindifferencecurve。\n这道题考查的是消费者对两种商品组合的偏好程度，而社区无差异曲线表示的是两种商品的各种组合所能带来的效用水平相同的所有点的集合，能够反映出两个商品的不同组合能够满足社会或社区居民所带来的相同满足程度，因此选项C是正确答案。其他选项的含义如下：边际转换率曲线表示的是两种商品之间的边际替代率，生产前沿表示的是生产可能性边界，消费可能性曲线表示的是在一定的收入约束下所能购买的商品组合。因此，A、B、D选项都不符合题意。'Greecewillimport:()

A:3calculatorsfromGermanyB:3calculatorsfromFranceC:1calculatorfromFranceD:1calculatorfromGermany答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:1calculatorfromGermany。\n\n根据题干中的信息可知，Greece将从德国进口一个计算器，因此选项D“1calculatorfromGermany”是正确答案。其他选项中提到的国家与希腊没有直接关系，不符合题干中的信息。'Mexicoisrelativelyabundantinlabor,whileCanadaisrelativelyabundantincapital.Inbothnations,theproductionoftelevisionsisrelativelymorecapitalintensivethantheproductionofcorn.Accordingtothefactorendowmenttheory,Mexicowillhavea(n):（）

A:absoluteadvantageintheproductionofcornandcomputersB:comparativeadvantageintheproductionofcomputersC:absoluteadvantageintheproductionofcornD:comparativeadvantageintheproductionofcorn答案:AI参考:答案：C\n推理过程：\n题干已经说明了“根据生产要素禀赋理论”，在此之前也给出了两个国家在电视和玉米生产上的比较优势。由于墨西哥劳动力相对丰富，而加拿大资本相对丰富，因此墨西哥在玉米生产上具有绝对优势。电视的生产资本密集程度高于玉米，而加拿大资本丰富，所以墨西哥在电视生产上没有优势，而在玉米生产上具有绝对优势，因此墨西哥在玉米生产上比其他国家更具优势，故答案为C。而A、B、D选项都没有得到题干信息的支持。因此正确答案是C。'Themostimportantbalanceinthe