2023高考英语三轮冲刺模拟真题演练-模拟卷（二）（解析版）

模拟卷（二）

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

DearTeachersandParents,

ThisJune,duringFinancialLiteracyMonth,wehavesometoshare.

In2015,afreeonlinefinancialeducationcoursenamedFulureSmarlwasintroducedtomiddleschoolstudents,

specificallyintendedforthisgroupatatimeintheirliveswhenfinancialhabitstakeholdandgrow.

Fastforwardtotoday,FutureSmart,availableinEnglishandSpanish,hasreachedover13,000schoolsacrossall

50states.Morethantwomillionstudentshavecompletedthecourse,withalmosthalfcomingfromlow-to-moderate

incomefamilies.

Butwearen'tstoppingthere.Wepromisetoreachfourmillionmorestudentsbytheendof2025.

Why?Becausethismomentcallsforbraveaction.Neverbeforehavemoneymanagementandinvestmentdecisions

beensoeasytoconductatanytimeorplacethroughtheuseofasmartphone.Itistimetoofferstudentsmorecritical

financialliteracyeducationtoencouragethemtomakegoodfinancialdecisionsonadailybasisastheymaketheir

waythroughacomplexworld.

Fromweighingopportunitycoststodelayinginstantsatisfactionforlong-termfinancialgain,FutureSmart

educatesouryouthusinghands-onsimulations（模拟）tointroduceconceptslikedailyfinancialdecisionsandthe

rewardsoflong-termplanning.Teachingyounglearnershowtobuildsolidfinancialfoundationsisanimportantstep

inbuildingfinanciallyhealthycommunities.

Althoughourworkisfarfromcomplete,weknowthatFutureSmartworks.Anditworksexceptionallywell.

Inthelargeststudyofitskind,supportedbytheMassMutualFoundationandEVERFI,theUniversityof

MassachusettsDonahueInstitute（UMDI）recentlyconcludedthat90%ofstudentssawastatisticallysignificantand

educationallymeaningfulincreaseinknowledgeaftertakingtheFutureSmartcourse.

What'smore,theseresultswereconsistentacrossallstudentdemographicsincludingrace,age,gender,school

year,andsocioeconomicstatus.

Wehavealongwaytogotoreacheverysinglemiddleschoolstudent,butwewelcomethechallenge.Together,

ourteamshavestartedamovementtoprovideequalaccesstofinancialeducation,andweinviteotherstojoinus.

Visitgetfuturesmart.comtolearnmoreandseehowyoucanbringFutureSmarttotheyoungpeopleinyourlife.

MICHAELFANNINGRAYMARTINEZ

HeadofMassMutualUSPresidentandCo-FounderofEVERFI

1.ThecourseFutureSmart.

A.isofferedintwodifferentlanguages

B.requiresskillfulsmartphoneoperation

C.hasbeenboughtbyalargenumberofschools

D.targetsstudentsfromlow-to-moderateincomefamilies

2.HowdoesFutureSmartintroducefinancialconcepts?

A.Byestablishingfinanciallyhealthycommunities.

B.Bymanagingopportunitiesandrewards.

C.Bysimulatingreal-lifesituations.

D.Bydelayingfinancialgain.

3.Aftertakingthecourse,thestudentsshouldbeableto.

A.improvetheiracademicperformance

B.acceptfinancialchallengesatanytime

C.understandpeoplefromvariousbackgrounds

D.buildastablefinancialfoundationforthefuture

1~3.【答案】A、C、D

【知识点】逻辑推理、教育、其他应用文、语意转化

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。一门名为FutureSmart的免费在线金融教育课程被介绍给了中学

生，该课程专门针对这一群体，旨在教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础。

1.根据第三段首句Fastforwardtotoday,FutureSmart,availableinEnglishandSpanish,hasreachedover13,000

schoolsacrossall50states.（快进到今天,FutureSmart有英语和西班牙语版本，己经覆盖了美国50个州的13000

多所学校。）可知，FutureSmart课程以两种不同的语言提供。故选A。

2.根据第六段首句Fromweighingopportunitycoststodelayinginstantsatisfactionforlong-termfinancialgain,

FutureSmarteducatesouryouthusinghands-onsimulations（模拟）tointroduceconceptslikedailyfinancial

decisionsandtherewardsoflong-termplanning.（从权衡机会成本到为了长期财务收益而推迟即时满足，

FutureSmart通过实际模拟教育我们的年轻人，介绍日常财务决策和长期规划奖励等概念。）可知，FulureSmart

通过模拟现实情况引入金融概念。故选C。

3,根据第六段末句Teachingyounglearnershowtobuildsolidfinancialfoundationsisanimportantstepinbuilding

financiallyhealthycommunities.（教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础是建立财务健康社区的重要一步。）以

及第七段中的Althoughourworkisfarfromcomplete,weknowthatFutureSmartworks.Anditworks

exceptionallywell.（虽然我们的工作还远未完成，但我们知道FutureSmart是可行的。而且效果非常好。）

可知，FutureSmart课程是为了教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础，且效果非常好。所以，学习完课程后，

学生应该能够为未来建立一个稳定的财务基础。故选D。

B

Mostenvironmentalpollutioncomesfromhumansandtheirinventions.Theelectricbulbsarethoughttobeone

ofthegreatesthumaninventionsofalltime.However,toomuchofagoodthinghasstartedtonegativelyimpactthe

environment.Lightpollution,theextremeorinappropriateuseofoutdoorartificiallight,isaffectinghuman

healthandwildlifebehavior.Thereisaglobalmovementtoreducelightpollution,andeveryonecanhelp.

Lightpollutionisaglobalissue.ThisbecameparticularlyobviouswhentheWorldAtlas（地图册）ofNightSky

Brightness,acomputer-generatedmapbasedonthousandsofsatellitephotos,waspublishedin2016.Vastareasof

NorthAmerica,Europe,theMiddleEast,andAsiaareglowingwithlight,whileonlySiberia,theSahara,andthe

Amazonareintotaldarkness.

Artificiallightcanwreakhavoconnaturalbodyrhythmsinbothhumansandanimals.

Itinterruptssleepandconfusesthecircadianrhythm（生理节奏）theinternal,

twenty-four-hourclockthatguidesdayandnightactivitiesandaffectsphysiologicalprocessesinnearly

alllivingorganisms.Oneoftheseprocessesistheproductionofthehormonemelatonin（褪黑素）,whichisreleased

whenitisdarkandispreventedwhenthereislight.Anincreasedamountoflightatnightlowersmelatonin

production,whichresultinlackof

sleep,headaches,stress,anxiety,andotherhealthproblems.Bluelight,inparticular,hasbeenshownto

reducelevelsofmelatonininhumans.Itisfoundincellphonesandothercomputerdevices,aswellasin

light-emittingdiodes（LEDs）,thekindsofbulbsthathavebecomepopularathomeandinindustrialandcitylighting

duetotheirlowcostandenergyefficiency.

Studiesshowthatlightpollutionisalsoimpactinganimalbehaviors,suchasmigration（迁徙）pattemsand

habitatformation.Becauseoflightpollution,seaturtlesguidedbymoonlightduringmigrationgetconfused,lose

theirway,andoftendie.Largenumbersofinsects,aprimaryfoodsourceforbirdsandotheranimals,aredrawnto

artificiallightandareinstantlykilleduponcontactwithlightsources.Evenanimalslivingunderthedeepseamaybe

affectedbyunderwaterartificiallighting.Onestudylookedathowanimalsinsearespondedtobrightlylitpanelsput

underwateroffthecoastofWales.Fewerfilterfeedinganimals（滤食性动物）,suchastheseasquirt（海鞘）,made

theirhomesnearthelightedpanels.Thiscouldmeanthattheartificiallightisalteringoceanecosystems.

Thegoodnewsisthatlightpollution,unlikemanyotherformsofpollution,isreversible（可逆

的）andeachoneofuscanmakeadifference!Now,manypeoplearetakingactiontoreducelightpollutionandbring

backthenaturalnightsky.Individualsareurgedtouseoutdoorlightingonlywhenandwhereitisneeded,tomake

sureoutdoorlightsareproperlyshielded（遮挡）anddirectlightdowninsteadofupintothesky,andtoclosewindow

blinds,shades,andcurtainsatnighttokeeplightinside.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“wreakhavocon“inPara.3probablymean?

A.Greatlyimprove.B.Seriouslydamage.

C.Strictlymanage.D.Wellmaintain.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.Lightpollutionwasfirststudiedasaglobalissuein2016.

B.Deep-seaenvironmentcanhelpanimalsavoidlightpollution.

C.Artificiallightaffectsthesenseofdirectionandhabitsofanimals.

D.LEDscanbeusedmorebecauseoflowcostandenergyefficiency.

6.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecontroloflightpollution?

A.Unconcerned.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Positive.

7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocallonpeopletoreducelightpollution.

B.Todiscussfbrsandagainstsofartificiallight.

C.Togivesuggestionstoprotectenvironment.

D.Toshowdevelopmentprospectofartificiallight.

4~7.【答案】D、C、D、A

【知识点】短语猜测、逻辑推理、人与环境、说明文、目的意图、观点态度

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了人造光对人类和动物的危害，呼吁我们要行动

起来，减少光污染。

4.根据第三段中的hinten-uptssleepandconfusesthecircadianrhythm（生理节奏）一theinternal,twenty-four-hour

clockthatguidesdayandnightactivitiesandaffectsphysiologicalprocessesinnearlyalllivingorganisms.（它会干

扰睡眠，扰乱昼夜节律——几乎所有生物体内指导昼夜活动并影响生理过程的24小时生物钟。）和下文提

到的人造光对人类和动物造成的危害可知，人造光会打扰睡眠，扰乱生理节律，对人类和动物产生危害，

结合划线短语所在句子Artificiallightcanwreakhavoconnaturalbodyrhythmsinbothhumansandanimals.（人

造光可以对人类和动物的自然节律O）可知，人造光可以对人类和动物的自然节律造成严重破坏。

即划线短语wreakhavocon意思与D项“严重损害”意思一样，故选D。

5.根据第四段中的Studiesshowthatlightpollutionisalsoimpactinganimalbehaviors,suchasmigration（迁徙）

patternsandhabitatformation.Becauseoflightpollution,seaturtlesguidedbymoonlightduringmigrationget

confused,losetheirway,andoftendie.（研究表明，光污染也影响动物的行为，如迁徙模式和栖息地的形成。

由于光污染，在月光引导下的海龟在迁徙过程中容易迷路，甚至死亡。）可知，人造光影响动物的方向感

和习性。故选C。

6.根据最后——段中的Thegoodnewsisthatlightpollution,unlikemanyotherformsofpollution,isreversible（可

andeachoneofuscanmakeadifference!（好消息是，光污染，不像其他形式的污染，是可逆的，我们

每个人都可以做出改变！）可知，光污染是可逆的，每个人都可以做出改变。即作者对光污染控制的态度

是积极乐观的。故选D。

7.根据第——段中的Lightpollution,theextremeorinappropriateuseofoutdoorartificiallight,isaffectinghuman

healthandwildlifebehavior.Thereisaglobalmovementtoreducelightpollution,andeveryonecanhelp.（光污染，

极端或不适当的使用户外人工光，正在影响人类健康和野生动物的行为。有一个减少光污染的全球运动，

每个人都可以帮忙。）可知，文章主要介绍了人造光对人类和动物的危害，呼吁我们要行动起来，减少光

污染，所以文章的写作目的是A（呼吁人们减少光污染。），故选A。

C

Adaptingtotechnologicaladvancesisadefiningpartofthe21s-centurylife.Justtwomonthsafterbeing

launchedinNovember2022,OpenAl'sChatGPThasalreadyreachedanaudienceofover100millionpeople.While

ChatGPTthreatenstochangewritingandwriting-relatedwork,theMesopotamians,wholived4,000yearsagoina

geographicalareacenteredinmodern-dayIraq,wentthroughthiskindoffar-reachingchangebeforeus.

AncientMesopotamiawashometomanyofcivilization'searlydevelopments.Itspeoplewereworldleadersin

adaptingtotechnologicalandculturalchanges.Theyinventedthewheelandagriculture,andpioneeredadvancesin

mathematicsandurbanization.Thesebreakthroughsarereflectedincuneiform（楔形文字）literature,oneofthe

oldestknownformsofwriting.

Initsliterature,Mesopotamiansdon'tpresentculturalandtechnologicaladvancesasconsistentlybeneficial.

Theyoftenrepresentnewtechnologiesbeingcontrolledintheserviceofhumanconflictandmostlyservingthe

interestsofthosewithhighsocialpositions.Insomeways,therepresentationofnewtechnologiesinitsliterature

echoes（映现）contemporaryconcernsaboutAI:fearsofincreasingsocialinequalitiesanditspotentialusein

informationwar.

Inrecentyears,Al-thenewestformofwriting-hasbeenusedtodecipher（破译）theoldest:cuneiformliterature.

Inbroaderfields,theboundariesofhowAImaybeusedhavenbeenclearlyexplained.InJanuary,forexample,atop

internationalAIconferencebannedtheuseofAItoolsfbrwritingscientificpapers.

Humanshavebeenstrugglingtoinvent,useandadapttotechnologysinceourearliestcivilizations.Butthe

technologyandresultingknowledgearenotalwaysevenlydistributed.Knowinghowweadaptedtochanging

technologyinthepasthelpsusmorefullyunderstandthehumanconditionandmayevenhelpusprepareforthe

future.

8.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningMesopotamians?

A.Theiradaptationtothreats.

B.Theirinfluencesonwriting.

C.Theircontributiontoliterature.

D.Theirachievementsincivilization.

9.WhatcanbeinfeiTedabouttechnologicaladvancesfromparagraph3?

A.Theypreventhumanconflict.

B.Theybringabouthiddendangers.

C.Theytakeawaypeople'sconcerns.

D.Theylowerpeople'ssocialstatus.

10.WhatisthecuiTentsituationofAIaccordingtoparagraph4?

A.Itsuseinliteratureispopular.

B.Itisnotallowedtofinishpapers.

C.Itsrangeofapplicationisundefined.

D.Itisnotacceptedinbroaderfields.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HowPeopleCanUsetheLatestTechnology

B.HowChatGPTWillThreatenWritingandWork

C.WhatAIWillDobyLearningCuneiformLiterature

D.WhatHistoryCanTeachUsAboutNewTech'sImpact

8~11.【答案】D、B、C、D

【知识点】段落大意、逻辑推理、科技信息与发明创新、说明文、标题判断

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启

示当今的科技发展及影响。

8.根据文章第二段内容（古代美索不达米亚是许多早期文明发展的发源地。它的人民在适应技术和文化变

化方面处于世界领先地位。他们发明J'车轮和农业，开创了数学和城市化的先河。这些突破反映在楔形文

字文学中，这是已知最古老的书写形式之一。）可知，关于美索不达米亚人，第二段主要讨论了“他们的文

明成就"。故选D。

9.根据文章第三段中的Theyoftenrepresentnewtechnologiesbeingcontrolledintheserviceofhumanconflict...its

potentialuseininformationwar.（它们通常代表着为人类冲突服务而被控制的新技术，E要为那些社会地位

高的人的利益服务。在某些方面，其文学作品中对新技术的描述呼应了当代对人工智能的担忧：对日益加

剧的社会不平等及其在信息战中的潜在用途的担忧。）可知，从第三段可以推断出技术进步带来了隐患。

故选B。

10.根据文章第四段中的Inbroaderfields,theboundariesofhowAImaybeusedhaven'tbeenclearlyexplained.

（在更广泛的领域，人工智能如何使用的界限还没有得到明确的解释。）可知，AI的现状是它的应用范围

是不明确的。故选C。

11.通过对文章结构和内容的分析，再根据最后一段内容（自最早的文明以来，人类一直在努力发明、使用

和适应技术。但是技术和由此产生的知识并不总是均匀分布的。了解我们如何适应过去不断变化的技术有

助于我们更全面地了解人类的状况，甚至可能帮助我们为未来做好准备。）可知，本文主要通过讲述历史

上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示今天的科技发展及影响。所以短文的标题为“关于新技术的影

响，历史能告诉我们什么故选D。

D

Mychildhoodwasapaintedpictureofsunnyskyandrollinggreenfieldsstretchingtothehorizon.Ittastedof

sharpberriesandsmeltofsourgrapes.Myfamilylivedinacabin（小木屋）inthecountrysidebutIlivedinmy

mother'sarms.Theyweresodelicatebutstrong,herredhairfallingaroundmelikeacurtainseparatingmefromthe

world.

Childhoodwassimple.Thebordersofmyvillagewerethefurthestmytroubleswentandmonstersonlylivedin

thepagesofbooks.Everydaywasawakingdreamofrunningracesandmuddyknees.Myvillagewasarchaic,dying

cabinshousingdyingfarmerswithdyingtraditions.Thereweren'tmanychildrenbutmeandtheotherboys;boysof

butchersandsellersfbimedourowngroup.

Theycalleduswild.Isupposewewere.Treesandmountainsformedourplaygroundsandfightsbrokeoutas

easilyassuddenlaughter.Liberatedfromtherestrictionsofsociety,wewouldboundintothewoods,deeperand

deeperuntilwefoundalakewhich,withawildyell,wewouldjumpintoallatonce.

Mymostvividmemoriesfromboyhoodcenteraroundthatlake.Watershonebrightlyandthesoundsofour

screamsbrokeintotheoutcryfrombirds.Theshockofcoldwateragainstsweatingskinwouldwakeeverynervein

mybodyandmybarefeetwouldhitthesinkingmuddybottom.Aswesubmerged。奄没），timewouldsuspend,

movementsslowingasbubblesrosearoundus.

Iwasdrowning.Iwasliving.Iwasliving.Iwasdrowning.

Fortimelessnessorasecond（bothfeltthesame）,wewouldsuspend,curlup,andthenbeforcedbackoutinto

breathingair.

Weshouldhaveknownthatitwouldn'tlastforever.Yet,evenunderthebestcircumstances,there*ssomethingso

tragicaboutgrowingup:tohaveyourperspectiveonthepeopleandlifearoundyouchange;toalwaysstruggleto

reachamirroronlytofindyourselftallenoughtoseeyourreflectiononeday.Andfind,adifferentpersonstaring

backoutatyou.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"archaic"meaninparagraph2?

A.Borderless.B.Valueless.

C.Old-fashioned.D.Poverty-stricken.

13.Whydidtheauthorconsiderhimselfandotherchildrenwild?

A.Theyplayedinthewoodscrazily.

B.Theytrickedotherspurposefully.

C.Theyfrequentlybrokesocialrules.

D.Theyfirmlyrefusedschooleducation.

14.Howdoestheauthorintroducehismemoriesofthelake?

A.Bysharingfeelings.B.Byexpressingideas.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bydescribingcharacters.

15.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.Lonelinessandchallengesmakeamangrowup.

B.Theregretofgrowthisthatyouhavenevertried.

C.Growthisoftenaccompaniedbysadgoodbyestothepast.

D.Growthbeginswhenwebegintoacceptourownweakness.

12~15.【答案】C、A、A、C

【知识点】逻辑推理、语意转化、记叙文、词义猜测、日常生活

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描绘了作者对于童年美好生活的回忆以及对于长大后

童年时光逝去的感伤。

12.根据划线单词所在句子Myvillagewasarchaic,dyingcabinshousingdyingfarmerswithdyingtraditions.（我

的村庄很古老，垂死的小屋住着垂死的农民，他们的传统己经消亡。）并结合上下文语境可知此处是描写

我小时候生活的村庄很陈旧。archaic意为“陈旧的“。故选C。

13.根据文章第三段中的Treesandmountainsformedourplaygroundsandfightsbrokeoutaseasilyassudden

laughter...wewouldjumpintoallatonce.（树木和山脉构成了我们的游乐场，打架就像突然的笑声一样容易爆

发。从社会的束缚中解放出来，我们会跳进树林里，越陷越深，直到发现一个湖，我们会大叫一声，立刻

跳进湖里。）可知，之所以作者认为自己和其他孩子都是野孩子，是因为他们在树林里疯狂地玩耍。故选A。

14.根据文章第四至六段中的Watershonebrightly...movementsslowingasbubblesrosearoundus.（水面闪闪发

光，我们的尖叫声被鸟儿的叫声打断了.冷水对着出汗的皮肤的冲击会唤醒我身体的每一根神经，我的光

脚会撞到下沉的泥泞的底部。当我们潜入水中时，时间会停止，随着我们周围的气泡上升，运动变慢。）

和Iwasdrowning.Iwasliving.Iwasliving.Iwasdrowning.（我快淹死了。我还活着。我还活着。我快淹死了。）

以及Fortimelessnessorasecond（bothfeltthesame）,wewouldsuspend,curlup,andthenbeforcedbackoutinto

breathingair.（在一段时间或一秒钟内（两者的感觉都是一样的），我们会暂停，蜷缩起来，然后被迫重新呼

吸空气。）可知，作者从自己当时的所见、所听、所感等多个层面描绘了自己童年时对于湖的回忆。故选A。

15.根据文章最后一段内容（我们早该知道爱情不会永远持续下去。然而，即使在最好的情况下，成长也有

一些悲剧:你对周围人和生活的看法发生了变化;你总是挣扎着去拿镜子，却发现自己已经足够高，有一天可

以看到自己的倒影。然后发现，另一个人正盯着你。）可知，作者在最后一段似乎传达了“成长常常伴随着

对过去的悲伤告别。”故选C。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities?Urbanareasalsotendtoget

hotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.（16）

It'smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthegroundinurbanareasandthecountryside.Inthe

country,evaporation（蒸发）ofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltheair.（17）Havingfewer

plants,citieshavelessevaporationandareunabletocooldownthetemperature.

Darkcoloursareanotherproblem.Darkobjectsabsorballwavelengthsoflight,makingthetemperatureincrease

morenoticeably.Incontrast,whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy.（18）Sadly,mostpartsofcities

arecoveredbyasphalt（沥青），steel,roofsandbrickswhichareoftendarkincolour.

（⑼Aspeopledrivecars,heatbuildings,andrunairconditioners,citiesaregeneratingwasteheatand

pouringitintotheatmospheredirectly.Thewasteheataddstothesolarenergytrappedbythetallbuildings.

Butcitiesdon'thavetobesohot.Somecitieshavelightenedtheirstreets.Thisisdonebycoveringblackasphalt

streets,parkinglots,anddarkroofswithamorereflectivegraycoating.（20）

Havingmoregreenspacesalsohelps.Plantsserveasanaturalairconditioner.Theycatchheat,release

vapour（蒸汽）intotheair,andtakeawayheat,contributingtocooler,freshercities.

A.Citiesalsoproducemoreheatthansuburbanareas.

B.Thehigherthetemperature,theshorterthewavelength.

C.Thisphenomenonisknownastheurbanheat-islandeffect.

D.Soitwillnotbetransformedintoheatwhichmakestheairhot.

E.Changesinbuildingmaterialshaveaminimaleffectoncitytemperatures.

F.Muchofthesoilincities,bycontrast,hasbeencoveredwithroadsandbuildings.

G.Thesechangescandecreaseairtemperaturesdramatically,especiallyinsummer.

16~20.【答案】C、F、D、A、G

【知识点】科普知识、说明文

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了热岛效应。

16.根据上文Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities?Urbanareasalso

tendtogelhotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.（你有没有注意到，农村的夜晚比城

市凉爽得多?城市地区在白天也往往比附近有很多绿色植物的地区更热。）可知，本文是一篇介绍热岛效应

的科普文。首段的行文逻辑为从现象到结论，从而引出热岛效应这一地理名词。所以，C项（这种现象被称

为城市热岛效应。）符合题意。故选C。

17.根据前一句evaporationofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltoair（土壤和植物叶子中的

水分蒸发有助于冷却到空气中）及第二段主题句It'smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthe

groundinurbanareasandthecountryside.（这主要是由于•城市和农村覆盖地面的材料不同造成的。）可知，F

选项（相比之下，城市的大部分土壤已经被道路和建筑物覆盖。）符合题意。故选F。

18.根据空前句Incontrast,whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy（相反，白色物体反射所有波长

的光能）和D选项所以它不会转化为使空气变热的热量。）形成因果关系。即，白色物品会反射所有波长

的光，因此能量不会被转换成热量，从而让空气变热。故选D。

19.A选项（城市也比郊区产生更多的热量。）中的“producemoreheat（产生更多的热量）”与选项下一句

Aspeopledrivecars,heatbuildings,andrunairconditioners,citiesaregeneratingwasteheatandpouringitintothe

atmospheredirectly.（随着人们开车、给建筑物供暖和使用空调，城市正在产生废热，并将其宜接排放到大

气中。）中的generatewasteheat（产生废热）形成对应关系。开车，供暖或是开空调都是产生热量的行为。

故选A。

20.段末句，考查递进逻辑关系。本段的讨论内容为解决热岛效应的方法。G选项中的thesechanges（这些

变化）对应了选项前面一句的方法，即coveringblackasphaltstreets,parkinglots,anddarkroofswithamore

reflectivegraycoating（覆盖黑色沥青街道、停车场和深色屋顶的反光性更强的灰色涂层）。同时，G选项（这

些变化会使气温急剧下降，尤其是在夏天。）进一步解释了这些举措所能带来的好处，与前文形成递进关

系。故选Go

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Growingup,Iwasfortunatetohavedinnerwithmyfamilyalmosteveryday.Sometimes,thefamilydinner

circle(21)toincluderelativesstoppingby.Yet,Iknewsomefriendswhoseparentsgothomeafterdinneror

even(22)theentireevening.SoI(23)thequalitytimearoundourkitchentable,whichwitnessedcountless

valuable(24)inmylife.

(25),mykidscannotrelatetomychildhoodmemories.Theyhavebeenleftto(26)withbabysittersmore

timesthanIwouldliketoadmit.MyhusbandandIhave(27)careers.Andweoftenendupstayingattheoffice

waypastdinnertime.Whenthishappenstoooften,it(28)thebalanceofourfamily.

Apartfromsufferingfrom(29),whatelsecanahardworkingfamilydo?Ithinkwecanalltryto(30)our

ownwaystospendtimetogether.SurelytherearedayswhenI'mtoobusytoshareamealwithmyfamily.ButI

wouldmakeeffortsto(31)andchatlaterthatday,(32)settingasidecellphoneseverytime.AndIevenfinda

bedtimereadingwithmykidsmuch(33).Iamalsoproudtohaveour"bigbreakfast"routineeverySaturday.My

husbandservesastheheadchef,andmyyoungerson(34)himtomakethebreakfast.

Iamawarethatmysonsaregrowingupquicklyandwillbeoutofthe(35)someday.Butnow,Iamhappyto

havesomanywonderfulthingsonmyplate.

21.A.widenedB.formedC.lessenedD.closed

22.A.missedB.avoidedC.enjoyedD.recorded

23.A.wastedB.treasuredC.limitedD.calculated

24.A.showsB.dishesC.recipesD.moments

25.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Besides

26.A.sleepB.dineC.studyD.play

27.A.suitableB.flexibleC.satisfyingD.demanding

28.A.maintainsB.disturbsC.improvesD.strikes

29.A.fearB.angerC.guiltD.hunger

30.A.predictB.createC.evaluateD.accept

31.A.workoutB.calmdownC.holdonD.catchup

32.A.unwillinglyB.casuallyC.consciouslyD.carelessly

33.A.louderB.shorterC.simplerD.sweeter

34.A.assistsB.guidesC.allowsD.orders

35.A.officeB.kitchenC.houseD.park

21~35.【答案】A、A、B、D、A、B、D、B、C、B、D、C、D、A、C

【知识点】副词辨析、动词短语辨析、记叙文、名词辨析、形容词词义辨析、动词辨析、日常生活

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，体现亲情的可贵。作者

感慨，总有一天儿子会长大，并且离开家。

21.句意：有时，家庭聚餐的圈子扩大到包括亲戚。A.widened拓宽；B.formed组成，构成；C.lessened

减少；D.closed关闭。根据后文toincluderelativesstoppingby可知，家里的餐桌会扩大，以容纳这些来访

的亲戚。故选A。

22.句意：然而，我认识一些朋友，他们的父母晚饭后才回家，甚至整个晚上都没有回家。A.missed错过,

想念：B.avoided避免；C.enjoyed享受，喜爱：D.recorded记录。根据空前parentsgothomeafterdinneroreven...

可知，此处和前文形成递进关系。即，父母会在晚饭时间之后回家，甚至是错过一整个晚上。故选A。

23.句意：所以我很珍惜围坐在餐桌旁的美好时光，它见证了我生命中无数珍贵的时刻。A.wasted浪费；B.

treasured珍惜，重视；C.limited限制；D.calculated计算。设空处前文提到Iknewsomefriendswhoseparents

gothomeafterdinnerorevenmissedtheentireevening因此，作者十分珍惜餐桌旁的亲子时光。故选Bo

24.句意同上。A.shows表演;B.dishes菜肴；C.recipes食谱；D.moments片刻。根据空前的qualitytime

可知，餐桌旁见证了我人生中无数珍贵的瞬间。故选D。

25.句意:然而,我的孩子们无法将我的童年记忆联系起来。A.However然而；B.Otherwise要不然的话,

否贝!I：C.ThereforeHilt：D.Besides另夕卜，此外。结合空前kitchentablewitnessedcountlessvaluablemoments

inmylife,与空后Theyhavebeenleftto(6)withbabysitters可知，作者小时候可以和父母共进晚餐，但是

作者的孩子只能和保姆一起吃晚餐。因此形成转折关系。翻译为“但是，对我的孩子们来说，他们并不能对

我童年的回忆感同身受"。故选A。

26.句意：他们不得不和保姆一起吃饭的次数比我愿意承认的还要多。A.sleep睡觉；B.dine进餐，吃饭；

Cstudy学习,研究;D.play玩。根据空个前后“Theyhavebeenleftto(6)withbabysittersmoretimesthanI

wouldliketoadmit.”可知，全文围绕“一家人共进晚餐”这话题展开，所以这里指“吃饭”。故选B。

27.句意：我丈夫和我的工作要求很高。A.suitable合适的;B.flexible灵活的;C.satisfying令人满意的；D.

demanding要求高的。根据设空前的内容，作者和丈夫无法陪孩子共进晚餐与根据空后内容weoftenendup

stayi