甘肃省兰州市第一中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题

兰州一中202020211学期期中考试试题高三英语说明：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。一.阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共10题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并填写答题卡上.AIfyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwowheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015.Typically,thisselfbalancingdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboardWork?Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:•Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahighwattlithiumionbattery.•Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.•Motor(oneineachwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.•Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.Alltheaboveponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboard?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobee“streetlegal”.Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrictions.1.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.A．storeelectricityB．powerthewheelsC．sendinformationtotheridersD．receivedataandgivemand2.Accordingtothepassage,youcanseeahoverboard______.A．oncampusB．inparksC．onbikepathsD．inshoppingmalls3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A．Toevaluateagift’squality.B．Tosuggestagiftoption.C．Toparenewhoverboardmodels.D．Toexplainfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.BNamecalling，teasing，pushingandfightingwhetheryouhavegonethroughitornot，itisquitedefinitethatthesearethethingsthatturnupinyourmindwhenyouheartheword"bullying"．However，manyofusknowlittleabouttheserious，lastingharmsbullyingcouldcause．Ifyou'vewatched13ReasonsWhy，you'llunderstandtheimpactsthatbullyingcanhave．ThesecondseasonofthepopularUSteenagedramawasreleasedonMay18．IttellsthestoryofHannahBaker，ahighschoolstudentwhotakesherownlifeaftershe'spickedonbyfellowstudents，whileothersstandbyanddonothingtohelpher．Oneoftheimportantmessagesaudiencescouldgetfromtheshowistotreatpeoplewithkindnessandrespect．"Itteachesusthateverysinglethingwesayanddohasanimpactonothers，"newsplatformOdysseyconcluded．Somemaythink13ReasonsWhyexaggerates（夸大）theseriousnessofschoolbullying，butaccordingtotheUSNationalCenterforEducationalStatistics，morethan20percentofUSstudentswerebulliedin2016，andonly36%ofthisgroupreportedit．NBAplayerGeraldGreenopenedupaboutbeingcalled"alienhands"duringhisteenageyearsduetohisbighands．"Beingbulliedwasembarrassing，"hesaid．"Istillremembershyingawayfromcrowdsandwalkingaroundwithmyhandsinmypocketstoevadetheattentionfrommypeers．"Togetawaywiththeteasing，hefoundhismotivationbyplayingbasketballandmakingacareeroutofit．Butnoteveryoneissoluckytodiscoverarelease．AccordingtostatisticsreleasedbytheUSgovernment，ifsomeonepreventsabully，there'sa57%chancethatthebullyingwillstopwithin10seconds．Soifyoueverwitnessbullying，considersteppingupandsupportingthevictim．AsUSactorBrandonFlynn，whostarsin13ReasonsWhy，said，"Justbecauseyou'renottheonegettingbullied，itdoesn'tmeanit'snotyourproblem．"4.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph？A．Toaddmorestatistics．B．Tocalloneyewitnessestotakeaction．C．Tointroduceanewtopicofthediscussion．D．Togivepeopleadviceaboutdealingwithbullying．5.WhatdoestheUSNationalCenterforEducationalStatisticsindicate？A．Bullyingisn'taseriousprobleminmanyschools．B．Schoolbullyingcan'tcausetoomuchpain．C．Onlyafewpeopleareconcernedaboutbullying．D．Manypeoplewho'rebulliedchoosenottoseekhelp．6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara．5mean？A．Attract． B．Focus． C．Avoid．D．Keep．7.Whatdoesthetexttellusabout13ReasonsWhy？A．Itoverstatesschoolbullying．B．ItwasfirstshownonMay18．C．Itismainlyaboutschoolbullying．D．Itshowsfewpeoplecanreportbullying．CAsdataandidentitytheftbeesmoreandmoremon，themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物测量）technologieslikefingerprintscanstokeepothersoutofprivateespaces．Atpresent，thesetechnologiesarestillcostly，though．ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhaveeupwithalowcostdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem：asmartkeyboard．Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey．Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses．Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson．Thus，thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension，whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstotheputerit'sconnectedtoregardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright．Anewtypeoftechnologyisnotanecessitythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwithinthecase．Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently．Inastudydescribingthetechnology，theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword"touch"fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard．Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped，withverylowerrorrates．Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtomercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive，plasticlikeparts．Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture．8.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard？A．Toreducepressureonkeys． B．Toimproveaccuracyintyping．C．Toreplacethepasswordsystem． D．Tocutthecostofespaceprotection．9.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible？A．putersaremucheasiertooperate．B．Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast．C．Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson．D．Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed．10.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard？A．It'llbeenvironment﹣friendly. B．It'llbeavailabletocustomerssoon．C．It'llbemadeofplastics． D．It'llhelpspeeduptyping．11.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthe3rdparagraphmean？A．Scientistswillexploreanewtypeoftechnologyrelatedtothesmartphones.B．Peoplearenotfamiliarwiththesmartphone．C．Thesmartphonedoesn’tneedanytechnology．D．Thepresenttechnologycansupporttheproduceofthesmartphone．DCursive（手写体）isabouttobeeextinct．Doweraisetheredflag？Toteachornottoteachcursiveisthequestionthatseveralstateeducationdepartmentsarestrugglingwith．Beforeyoureadthefollowing，doasimpleexercise．Pickapenandpaperandstartwritingincursive．Yes，thatfancyhandwritingthatyoulearnedingradeschool．YoumaynothaveforgottenthegoodtimesyouhadwhilewritingloopyPsandGsaswellascurlyMsandNs．However，thechancesarethatyouwon'tbeabletowriteitasexcellentlyasyouusedto．Somepeoplearegoodatmakingtheperfectloopsandcurls，whilesomearebad．Iamstillterribleatit．Cursiveishardlyusedbykidsanymoreasevenadultsdon'twriteinthisstyle，unlesstheyareusingitfortheirsignature．Learningthishandwritingwasausualpracticeinschoolforseveraldecades．However，in201l，theIndianaDepartmentofEducationmadeitoptionalforschoolstoteachcursivewritingtothestudents．Infact，therewere46morestateswhohavedonethesame．Therearesomewhobelievethatitishightimeforcursivetoretirefromschoolcurriculum．Afterall，ifwedon'tleavethepastbehind，wecannotmakewayfornewthings．Ifyouwalkintoanyclassroom，youwouldfindchildrenusingkeyboardstomunicateinwrittenform．Ontheotherhand，fansofthiscursiveinsistonitsusefulness．Theyremindusifwestopteachingandlearningcursiveinschools，verysoonmostofourhistoricaldocumentswillbeehardtous．Wheredowestandonthissubject？Isittherighttimetoeraseanalmostforgottenhandwritingandliveinthekeyboardingworld？Orcanwedobothwithoutpromisingonourschoolcurriculum？Letmeknowyourpreferenceonthismatterbyleavingamentinthesectionbelow．12.Peopleusecursivewhenthey_________．A．givetheirsignature B．areinIndianaC．growupasadults D．areatschool13.InIndianaschool，children．A．mustlearncursiveB．areinterestedincursiveC．canchoosetolearncursiveD．learncursiveeveryday14.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthor___________．A．preferstolearncursiveB．isacursiveteacherC．isopentodifferentviewsoncursiveD．isaveryfamousexpertineducation15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A．CursiveWriting:Necessaryornot？B．IsKeyboardingWorldGood？C．AKeyboardingWorldD．AdvantagesofCursive第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。OneofthereasonswhyAmericansdon’tgetampleexerciseisthattheyfeeltheyarealwaysoccupied.Itcanbedifficulttosqueezeinthe75minutesofaerobic(有氧的)exerciseperweekthatofficialguidelinesremend.16Inanewanalysisof14studies,researcherstrackeddeathsamongmorethan232,000peoplefromtheU.S.,Denmark,theU.K.andChinaoveratleastfiveyears,andparedthefindingswithpeople’sselfreportsabouthowmuchtheyran.Peoplewhosaidtheyrananyamountwerelesslikelytodiethanthosewhodidn’trunatall.17Thiswastrueevenforthosewhodidn’trunagreatdealoftime.Theanalysisdividedpeopleintogroups,with50minutesorlessperweekrepresentingthegroupthatrantheleast—butstillran.“Regardlessofhowmuchyourun,youcanexpectsuchbenefits,”saysZeljkoPedisic,oneoftheauthorsofthenewanalysispublishedintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine.Theanalysisisthelatesttodemonstratethebenefitsofrunningonthehumanbody.It’swhatweevolved(进化)todo.18Butasleisuretimeexercise,runningkeepsushealthy.“Oneofthebestwaystoavoidhavingtoseeadoctor,”Zeljkosays,“istostayphysicallyactive.”19Runningisgoodatguardingagainstcancerpartlybecauseitusesupbloodsugar,starvingthecancercellsthatrelyonitforfuel.Anditprotectsyouinotherwaysnotnecessarilymeasuredinthelatestresearch:bydecreasinginflammation(炎症),forexample,whichisattherootofmanydiseases,andstimulatingtheproductionofaproteinthatimprovesbrainhealth.20Neitherwerehowoftenpeopleranandthepacetheykept.Aslongasyou’rerunning,moreisn’talwaysbetter,especiallyconsideringthattheriskofinjuryincreaseswithrepetition.Peoplemaynolongerhuntwildanimalsfortheirnextmeal.Thephysicaldemandsofrunningaffectourbodyinabeneficialway.Somepeopleruntopreventdisease,andothersrunbecauseitmakesthemfeelbetter.Runnerswere27%lesslikelytodieforanyreason,paredtononrunners.Butresearcherspointout,toinfersomethinglikethat,theyneedthewholepopulationmeasured.Butanewresearchsuggestspeoplemaybeabletogetlifelengtheningbenefitsbyrunningforfarlesstime.Thegoodnewsisthatrunningmorethan50minutesperweekhadnothingtodowithadditionalprotectionsagainstdying.二.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上。Ienjoyfeedingacolorfulgroupofbirdsinmygarden．Ontheground，Iputoutblack—oiledsunflowerseeds，brokenpeanuts，and21grapesandapples．Somebirdsrespondfortheirdaily22whenIcalloutthenamesI’vegiventhem．Aboutthreeyearsago，Inoticedanewertothisfestive23．Itwasababychipmunk（金花鼠），apparentlyonitsown．Overthatsummer，Iwatchedit24．Thenextsummer，thechipmunkwas25，andlwonderedwhetheritwould26metofeeditbyhand．InameditChip．Idecidedtoadoptthe27Iusetopersuadewildcatstoecloseforfood：patience，asoftvoice，slowgesturesand28．BeforeChipwould29，I’dputdownitsfavorite30，sunflowerseeds，bentdownandkeepvery31．I’dleavemy32handinplace，unmoving，sotheanimalwouldknowlwouldn’t33it．Icontinueddoingthisforafewweeks．Finally，lateinthatsecondsummer，Chipdid34moretrust．OnedayasI35aseedinmyfingertips，itapproachedandcarefullytooktheseedintoitsmouth．Afterabouttwomonthsofthis36，Iwentfurther．Withmyfinger，Itoucheditsback37once．Chipstayed38，eatingseeds，beforerushingintothebushes．Today，thechipmunkesoutofhidingwhenIcallitsname，andletsmepetitssoft，silkybody．I’vedevelopedagreaterrespectfornatureandits39andtheopportunityto40，protectandsavewildlife．21．A．deserted B．stolen C．cut D．exported22．A．meeting B．breaking C．fighting D．feeding23．A．occasion B．change C．advance D．progress24．A．promise B．grow C．disappear D．recover25．A．over B．off C．behind D．back26．A．trust B．encourage C．defend D．invite27．A．adaptationB．methods C．distinction D．advantages28．A．responsibility B．introduction C．repetition D．judgement29．A．approach B．run C．fly D．awake30．A．cage B．name C．music D．food31．A．serious B．still C．polite D．awake32．A．bare B．dirty C．white D．open33．A．grab B．left C．exchange D．search34．A．receive B．show C．earn D．understand35．A．gathered B．sprayed C．offered D．hid36．A．record B．exhibition C．respect D．routine37．A．gently B．hopefully C．powerfully D．guiltily38．A．nervous B．trapped C．calm D．thirsty39．A．plants B．art C．creatures D．adventure40．A．visit B．observe C．represent D．select三.语法填空：（每空1.5分，共15分）InDecembe