2012年10月自考00015英语二真题及答案含解析

英语（二）年月真题

00015201210

1、【单选题】Skillfulfarming______themtosupportalargepopulation.

enabled

forced

A:

authorized

B:

required

C:

答D:案：A

解析：句意：有技术的种植让他们能够提供大量人口（的需求）。Aenabled使..能够；

B逼迫；C认可、审定、批准；D需要。故选项A符合题意。

2、【单选题】Thefindingsofthesurveywentcontrary______whatwasexpected.

in

on

A:

for

B:

to

C:

答D:案：D

解析：句意：该调查的结果与预计的情况相反。构成短语：be/go(过去式went)

contraryto与......相反。故正确选项为D。

3、【单选题】Jamesrefusedtobe______abouthisfutureplans.

distinct

specific

A:

relevant

B:

individual

C:

答D:案：B

解析：本题考查几个形容词的辨析。specific表示:具体的。

4、【单选题】Young______hewas,hewasequaltothetask.

as

if

A:

although

B:

C:

unless

答D:案：A

5、【单选题】Youshouldreadthisnovel.Itis______recommendedbyallcritics.

fairly

highly

A:

mainly

B:

strictly

C:

答D:案：B

解析：本题考查副词的辨析。highly表示：高度地。

6、【单选题】It'sagreatplacetolivein,exceptfortheincreasingvolumeof

______thatpassesundermywindoweveryday.

activity

traffic

A:

movement

B:

circulation

C:

答D:案：B

7、【单选题】Heshould______towhathe'sgoodat,andnottryanddosomething

heknowsnothingabout.

look

lead

A:

stick

B:

point

C:

答D:案：C

8、【单选题】Wetakethisoppommitytoexpressoursincere______ofyourhelp.

explanation

obligation

A:

demonstration

B:

appreciation

C:

答D:案：D

解析：句意，我们利用这次机会，对于你及时的帮助，表达我们真诚的感谢。Anxiety焦

虑ambition抱负association联合appreciation感谢，根据题意，故选D。

9、【单选题】Idon'tknowifthestoryistree,butI'lltryto______it.

modify

simplify

A:

verify

B:

specify

C:

答D:案：C

10、【单选题】Theoldmanspoke______lengthabouthisexperiencesinAfrica.

at

in

A:

from

B:

to

C:

答D:案：A

11、【单选题】PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyoustarteachdaydesperatelywishingforanextrahourinbed,thefollowing

islikelytoleaveyoufeelingevenmorebad-tempered.Scientistshaveidentified

a"sleeplesselite"-asmallgroupofpeopleforwhomstayinginbedlongerisa

wasteoftime.Ratherthanbeingtiredandbad-temperedlosers,theyarean

energetic,outgoingandoptimisticgroupwhocanhappilyandhealthilygetbyon

justfourorfivehoursofsleepanight.And,theytendtobeslim,ableto

holddowntwojobsatthesametime,andhandletheirextra-longdays

easilywithoutneedingcoffeeorcatnaps(小睡).Workingouthowthegene(基因)

cutssleepwithoutanyobviousimpactonhealthcouldhelpinthedesignofdrags

thatgiveusallafewextrahoursinourday.Thebadnewsisthatwhilemanyof

usgetbyonafewhours'sleepanight,justonetothreepeoplein100qualify

tobepartofthesleeplesselite.Theresearchteamisnowcallingformembers

oftheluckygrouptocomeforwardtoallowtheirDNAtobestudied.Harvard

UniversityresearcherDr.ChristopherJonessaid:"Mylong-termgoalistolearn

enoughsomedaysowecancontrolthesleepmechanismwithoutdamagingourhealth.

Everybodycanusemorewakinghours,evenifyoujustwatchmovies."Manyof

thosewhohavealreadyvolunteeredsharefascinatingcharacteristics.Theyare

cheerful,thinnerthanaverage,andseemtohaveahightoleranceforphysical

painandpsychologicalsetbacks.Dr.ChristopherJonestoldtheNewYorkTimes:

"Typically,attheendofalongphoneinterview,theywilladmittheyhavebeen

sendingshorttextmessagesandsurfingtheInternetanddoingwordgamesatthe

sametime,allonlessthansixhoursofsleep."21\.Accordingtothepassage,

thesleeplesselite（）

performlesswellthanothers

regardsleepasawasteoftime

A:

areenergeticdespitelesssleep

B:

arelikelytomakeothersangry

C:

答D:案：C

12、【单选题】PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyoustarteachdaydesperatelywishingforanextrahourinbed,thefollowing

islikelytoleaveyoufeelingevenmorebad-tempered.Scientistshaveidentified

a"sleeplesselite"-asmallgroupofpeopleforwhomstayinginbedlongerisa

wasteoftime.Ratherthanbeingtiredandbad-temperedlosers,theyarean

energetic,outgoingandoptimisticgroupwhocanhappilyandhealthilygetbyon

justfourorfivehoursofsleepanight.And,theytendtobeslim,ableto

holddowntwojobsatthesametime,andhandletheirextra-longdays

easilywithoutneedingcoffeeorcatnaps(小睡).Workingouthowthegene(基因)

cutssleepwithoutanyobviousimpactonhealthcouldhelpinthedesignofdrags

thatgiveusallafewextrahoursinourday.Thebadnewsisthatwhilemanyof

usgetbyonafewhours'sleepanight,justonetothreepeoplein100qualify

tobepartofthesleeplesselite.Theresearchteamisnowcallingformembers

oftheluckygrouptocomeforwardtoallowtheirDNAtobestudied.Harvard

UniversityresearcherDr.ChristopherJonessaid:"Mylong-termgoalistolearn

enoughsomedaysowecancontrolthesleepmechanismwithoutdamagingourhealth.

Everybodycanusemorewakinghours,evenifyoujustwatchmovies."Manyof

thosewhohavealreadyvolunteeredsharefascinatingcharacteristics.Theyare

cheerful,thinnerthanaverage,andseemtohaveahightoleranceforphysical

painandpsychologicalsetbacks.Dr.ChristopherJonestoldtheNewYorkTimes:

"Typically,attheendofalongphoneinterview,theywilladmittheyhavebeen

sendingshorttextmessagesandsurfingtheInternetanddoingwordgamesatthe

sametime,allonlessthansixhoursofsleep."22\.Researchersstudythe

sleeplesseliteto（）

developthemechanismofsleep

inventahealthywaytocutsleep

A:

findtheimpactofsleeponhealth

B:

designdragsforsleeplesspeople

C:

答D:案：B

13、【单选题】PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyoustarteachdaydesperatelywishingforanextrahourinbed,thefollowing

islikelytoleaveyoufeelingevenmorebad-tempered.Scientistshaveidentified

a"sleeplesselite"-asmallgroupofpeopleforwhomstayinginbedlongerisa

wasteoftime.Ratherthanbeingtiredandbad-temperedlosers,theyarean

energetic,outgoingandoptimisticgroupwhocanhappilyandhealthilygetbyon

justfourorfivehoursofsleepanight.And,theytendtobeslim,ableto

holddowntwojobsatthesametime,andhandletheirextra-longdays

easilywithoutneedingcoffeeorcatnaps(小睡).Workingouthowthegene(基因)

cutssleepwithoutanyobviousimpactonhealthcouldhelpinthedesignofdrags

thatgiveusallafewextrahoursinourday.Thebadnewsisthatwhilemanyof

usgetbyonafewhours'sleepanight,justonetothreepeoplein100qualify

tobepartofthesleeplesselite.Theresearchteamisnowcallingformembers

oftheluckygrouptocomeforwardtoallowtheirDNAtobestudied.Harvard

UniversityresearcherDr.ChristopherJonessaid:"Mylong-termgoalistolearn

enoughsomedaysowecancontrolthesleepmechanismwithoutdamagingourhealth.

Everybodycanusemorewakinghours,evenifyoujustwatchmovies."Manyof

thosewhohavealreadyvolunteeredsharefascinatingcharacteristics.Theyare

cheerful,thinnerthanaverage,andseemtohaveahightoleranceforphysical

painandpsychologicalsetbacks.Dr.ChristopherJonestoldtheNewYorkTimes:

"Typically,attheendofalongphoneinterview,theywilladmittheyhavebeen

sendingshorttextmessagesandsurfingtheInternetanddoingwordgamesatthe

sametime,allonlessthansixhoursofsleep."23.Thephrase"comeforward"

(para.4)isclosestinmeaningto（）

decide

donate

A:

contribute

B:

volunteer

C:

答D:案：D

14、【单选题】PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyoustarteachdaydesperatelywishingforanextrahourinbed,thefollowing

islikelytoleaveyoufeelingevenmorebad-tempered.Scientistshaveidentified

a"sleeplesselite"-asmallgroupofpeopleforwhomstayinginbedlongerisa

wasteoftime.Ratherthanbeingtiredandbad-temperedlosers,theyarean

energetic,outgoingandoptimisticgroupwhocanhappilyandhealthilygetbyon

justfourorfivehoursofsleepanight.And,theytendtobeslim,ableto

holddowntwojobsatthesametime,andhandletheirextra-longdays

easilywithoutneedingcoffeeorcatnaps(小睡).Workingouthowthegene(基因)

cutssleepwithoutanyobviousimpactonhealthcouldhelpinthedesignofdrags

thatgiveusallafewextrahoursinourday.Thebadnewsisthatwhilemanyof

usgetbyonafewhours'sleepanight,justonetothreepeoplein100qualify

tobepartofthesleeplesselite.Theresearchteamisnowcallingformembers

oftheluckygrouptocomeforwardtoallowtheirDNAtobestudied.Harvard

UniversityresearcherDr.ChristopherJonessaid:"Mylong-termgoalistolearn

enoughsomedaysowecancontrolthesleepmechanismwithoutdamagingourhealth.

Everybodycanusemorewakinghours,evenifyoujustwatchmovies."Manyof

thosewhohavealreadyvolunteeredsharefascinatingcharacteristics.Theyare

cheerful,thinnerthanaverage,andseemtohaveahightoleranceforphysical

painandpsychologicalsetbacks.Dr.ChristopherJonestoldtheNewYorkTimes:

"Typically,attheendofalongphoneinterview,theywilladmittheyhavebeen

sendingshorttextmessagesandsurfingtheInternetanddoingwordgamesatthe

sametime,allonlessthansixhoursofsleep."24\.AccordingtoDr.Jones,it

istypicalofthesleeplesseliteto（）

sleepatleastsixhoursanight

watchmoremoviesthanothers

A:

domorethanonethingatatime

B:

dowordgamesbetterthanothers

C:

答D:案：C

15、【单选题】PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyoustarteachdaydesperatelywishingforanextrahourinbed,thefollowing

islikelytoleaveyoufeelingevenmorebad-tempered.Scientistshaveidentified

a"sleeplesselite"-asmallgroupofpeopleforwhomstayinginbedlongerisa

wasteoftime.Ratherthanbeingtiredandbad-temperedlosers,theyarean

energetic,outgoingandoptimisticgroupwhocanhappilyandhealthilygetbyon

justfourorfivehoursofsleepanight.And,theytendtobeslim,ableto

holddowntwojobsatthesametime,andhandletheirextra-longdays

easilywithoutneedingcoffeeorcatnaps(小睡).Workingouthowthegene(基因)

cutssleepwithoutanyobviousimpactonhealthcouldhelpinthedesignofdrags

thatgiveusallafewextrahoursinourday.Thebadnewsisthatwhilemanyof

usgetbyonafewhours'sleepanight,justonetothreepeoplein100qualify

tobepartofthesleeplesselite.Theresearchteamisnowcallingformembers

oftheluckygrouptocomeforwardtoallowtheirDNAtobestudied.Harvard

UniversityresearcherDr.ChristopherJonessaid:"Mylong-termgoalistolearn

enoughsomedaysowecancontrolthesleepmechanismwithoutdamagingourhealth.

Everybodycanusemorewakinghours,evenifyoujustwatchmovies."Manyof

thosewhohavealreadyvolunteeredsharefascinatingcharacteristics.Theyare

cheerful,thinnerthanaverage,andseemtohaveahightoleranceforphysical

painandpsychologicalsetbacks.Dr.ChristopherJonestoldtheNewYorkTimes:

"Typically,attheendofalongphoneinterview,theywilladmittheyhavebeen

sendingshorttextmessagesandsurfingtheInternetanddoingwordgamesatthe

sametime,allonlessthansixhoursofsleep."25\.Thepassageismainlyabout

（）

adiseasewhichisrelatedtogenes

anewdragthatcuressleeplessness

A:

recentstudiesonsleeplesspatients

B:

peoplewhodowellwithlesssleep

C:

答D:案：D

16、【单选题】PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thereareacoupleofthingstoknowabouttheuseofhumorinaspeech.Onething

istodistinguishhealthyandunhealthyhumor.Unhealthyhumorusuallyhasa

victim.Itisbasedondifferences.Healthyhumoristakenfromoureveryday

experiencesandisbasedonthethingspeoplehaveincommon.Thereforeitunites

them.Anotherthingisthatwhensharinghumorwiththeaudienceaspeakerhas

totakeintoaccountwhatpartofthedayitis.The"morning"audiencecan

betough,becauseeveryoneisjustgettingintowork;the"lunch"audience

isbetter,butthebesttimeforsharinghumorisdinner-time,becausepeoplerelax

aftertheirworkingdayandaremorelikelytofeelthespeaker.Thereare

certainrulesthatarestronglyadvisedtobefollowed.Theprimaryruleisnotto

offendanybodybyajoke.Thejokesarenotsupposedtorelatetotheaudiencebut

tothespeakerhimself.Whenaspeakershareshispersonalstorieshewillbe

betteracceptedbytheaudience.Hecankidabouthisfame,problems,image,etc.

However,hedoesnothavetobelittlehimselforsacrificehisreputationfora

laugh.Besides,thejokesandhumorousstoriesthatareusedbythespeakerhave

torelatedirectlytothetopicofhisspeech.Thespeakerissupposedtospeak

clearlyandkeepfromlaughingathisownstoryorjokewhiletellingit,sothat

hecanmakeitclearandtothepoint.Finally,onceajokeissaiditmaynotbe

repeatedoncemore.Sothespeakermustnotrepeatajokethatfailsoronethat

works.And,rememberthesetipsalwayswork:personaljokes,shortremarksthat

gowellwiththespeech,goodchoiceofvividwordsandappropriatebodygestures.

26\.Healthyhumordiffersfromunhealthyhumorinthatitis_______.

intendedtoenrichone'sexperiences

linkedtothethingsthatpeopleshare

A:

usedmostfrequentlytounitevictims

B:

basedmostlyonthedifferencesinlife

C:

答D:案：B

17、【单选题】PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thereareacoupleofthingstoknowabouttheuseofhumorinaspeech.Onething

istodistinguishhealthyandunhealthyhumor.Unhealthyhumorusuallyhasa

victim.Itisbasedondifferences.Healthyhumoristakenfromoureveryday

experiencesandisbasedonthethingspeoplehaveincommon.Thereforeitunites

them.Anotherthingisthatwhensharinghumorwiththeaudienceaspeakerhas

totakeintoaccountwhatpartofthedayitis.The"morning"audiencecan

betough,becauseeveryoneisjustgettingintowork;the"lunch"audience

isbetter,butthebesttimeforsharinghumorisdinner-time,becausepeoplerelax

aftertheirworkingdayandaremorelikelytofeelthespeaker.Thereare

certainrulesthatarestronglyadvisedtobefollowed.Theprimaryruleisnotto

offendanybodybyajoke.Thejokesarenotsupposedtorelatetotheaudiencebut

tothespeakerhimself.Whenaspeakershareshispersonalstorieshewillbe

betteracceptedbytheaudience.Hecankidabouthisfame,problems,image,etc.

However,hedoesnothavetobelittlehimselforsacrificehisreputationfora

laugh.Besides,thejokesandhumorousstoriesthatareusedbythespeakerhave

torelatedirectlytothetopicofhisspeech.Thespeakerissupposedtospeak

clearlyandkeepfromlaughingathisownstoryorjokewhiletellingit,sothat

hecanmakeitclearandtothepoint.Finally,onceajokeissaiditmaynotbe

repeatedoncemore.Sothespeakermustnotrepeatajokethatfailsoronethat

works.And,rememberthesetipsalwayswork:personaljokes,shortremarksthat

gowellwiththespeech,goodchoiceofvividwordsandappropriatebodygestures.

27.Thewriterthinksthatajokeworksbestwithanaudiencewhois_______.

relaxed

tough

A:

hungry

B:

busy

C:

答D:案：A

18、【单选题】PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thereareacoupleofthingstoknowabouttheuseofhumorinaspeech.Onething

istodistinguishhealthyandunhealthyhumor.Unhealthyhumorusuallyhasa

victim.Itisbasedondifferences.Healthyhumoristakenfromoureveryday

experiencesandisbasedonthethingspeoplehaveincommon.Thereforeitunites

them.Anotherthingisthatwhensharinghumorwiththeaudienceaspeakerhas

totakeintoaccountwhatpartofthedayitis.The"morning"audiencecan

betough,becauseeveryoneisjustgettingintowork;the"lunch"audience

isbetter,butthebesttimeforsharinghumorisdinner-time,becausepeoplerelax

aftertheirworkingdayandaremorelikelytofeelthespeaker.Thereare

certainrulesthatarestronglyadvisedtobefollowed.Theprimaryruleisnotto

offendanybodybyajoke.Thejokesarenotsupposedtorelatetotheaudiencebut

tothespeakerhimself.Whenaspeakershareshispersonalstorieshewillbe

betteracceptedbytheaudience.Hecankidabouthisfame,problems,image,etc.

However,hedoesnothavetobelittlehimselforsacrificehisreputationfora

laugh.Besides,thejokesandhumorousstoriesthatareusedbythespeakerhave

torelatedirectlytothetopicofhisspeech.Thespeakerissupposedtospeak

clearlyandkeepfromlaughingathisownstoryorjokewhiletellingit,sothat

hecanmakeitclearandtothepoint.Finally,onceajokeissaiditmaynotbe

repeatedoncemore.Sothespeakermustnotrepeatajokethatfailsoronethat

works.And,rememberthesetipsalwayswork:personaljokes,shortremarksthat

gowellwiththespeech,goodchoiceofvividwordsandappropriatebodygestures.

28.Toconnectcloselywiththeaudience,thespeakerisadvisedto_______.

repeatagoodjoke

jokeabouthimself

A:

laughathisstories

B:

improvehisimage

C:

答D:案：B

19、【单选题】PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thereareacoupleofthingstoknowabouttheuseofhumorinaspeech.Onething

istodistinguishhealthyandunhealthyhumor.Unhealthyhumorusuallyhasa

victim.Itisbasedondifferences.Healthyhumoristakenfromoureveryday

experiencesandisbasedonthethingspeoplehaveincommon.Thereforeitunites

them.Anotherthingisthatwhensharinghumorwiththeaudienceaspeakerhas

totakeintoaccountwhatpartofthedayitis.The"morning"audiencecan

betough,becauseeveryoneisjustgettingintowork;the"lunch"audience

isbetter,butthebesttimeforsharinghumorisdinner-time,becausepeoplerelax

aftertheirworkingdayandaremorelikelytofeelthespeaker.Thereare

certainrulesthatarestronglyadvisedtobefollowed.Theprimaryruleisnotto

offendanybodybyajoke.Thejokesarenotsupposedtorelatetotheaudiencebut

tothespeakerhimself.Whenaspeakershareshispersonalstorieshewillbe

betteracceptedbytheaudience.Hecankidabouthisfame,problems,image,etc.

However,hedoesnothavetobelittlehimselforsacrificehisreputationfora

laugh.Besides,thejokesandhumorousstoriesthatareusedbythespeakerhave

torelatedirectlytothetopicofhisspeech.Thespeakerissupposedtospeak

clearlyandkeepfromlaughingathisownstoryorjokewhiletellingit,sothat

hecanmakeitclearandtothepoint.Finally,onceajokeissaiditmaynotbe

repeatedoncemore.Sothespeakermustnotrepeatajokethatfailsoronethat

works.And,rememberthesetipsalwayswork:personaljokes,shortremarksthat

gowellwiththespeech,goodchoiceofvividwordsandappropriatebodygestures.

29.Accordingtoparagraph3,ajokeshouldsupport_______.

thenatureofanissue

A:

thefameofaspeaker

thetasteofanaudience

B:

thesubjectofaspeech

C:

答D:案：D

20、【单选题】PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thereareacoupleofthingstoknowabouttheuseofhumorinaspeech.Onething

istodistinguishhealthyandunhealthyhumor.Unhealthyhumorusuallyhasa

victim.Itisbasedondifferences.Healthyhumoristakenfromoureveryday

experiencesandisbasedonthethingspeoplehaveincommon.Thereforeitunites

them.Anotherthingisthatwhensharinghumorwiththeaudienceaspeakerhas

totakeintoaccountwhatpartofthedayitis.The"morning"audiencecan

betough,becauseeveryoneisjustgettingintowork;the"lunch"audience

isbetter,butthebesttimeforsharinghumorisdinner-time,becausepeoplerelax

aftertheirworkingdayandaremorelikelytofeelthespeaker.Thereare

certainrulesthatarestronglyadvisedtobefollowed.Theprimaryruleisnotto

offendanybodybyajoke.Thejokesarenotsupposedtorelatetotheaudiencebut

tothespeakerhimself.Whenaspeakershareshispersonalstorieshewillbe

betteracceptedbytheaudience.Hecankidabouthisfame,problems,image,etc.

However,hedoesnothavetobelittlehimselforsacrificehisreputationfora

laugh.Besides,thejokesandhumorousstoriesthatareusedbythespeakerhave

torelatedirectlytothetopicofhisspeech.Thespeakerissupposedtospeak

clearlyandkeepfromlaughingathisownstoryorjokewhiletellingit,sothat

hecanmakeitclearandtothepoint.Finally,onceajokeissaiditmaynotbe

repeatedoncemore.Sothespeakermustnotrepeatajokethatfailsoronethat

works.And,rememberthesetipsalwayswork:personaljokes,shortremarksthat

gowellwiththespeech,goodchoiceofvividwordsandappropriatebodygestures.

30.Oneofthetipsthewritergivesforasuccessfulspeechis_______.

dramaticgestures

propereyecontact

A:

vividexpressions

B:

goodtimecontrol

C:

答D:案：C

21、【单选题】PassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowing

passage.Arepasswordsont-of-date?Itisstartingtoseemlikeit.Everybody

hatesthem.ThesedaysatypicalIntemetuserhasdozensofonlineaccounts.If

youreallywanttobesafe,youneedtogenerateadifferentpasswordforeachone,

andeachpasswordneedstobeextremelycomplicated,withamixofletters,

symbols,andnumbers.Whocankeepallthatstuffintheirhead?Mostpeopledo

notbother.Somejustcreateonepasswordanduseiteverywhere.Othersmighthave

afewpasswords-oneforalltheirbankingandfinancialstuff,onefortheir

socialnetworks,oneforemailaccounts.Problemisthatifonesitegetshacked,

thebadguysnowhavethepasswordyouuseelsewhere.Theseattacksarehappening

sofrequentlythesedaysthatyoumightaswellassumethereisnowaytokeepa

passwordsecret.Computerscientistsrealizethesystemisbroken,andtheyare

lookingforalternatives.Butmostattemptshavenotbeenverygood.Fingerprint

readersrequirespecialhardware,andmanypeoplefindthemscaryanddon'twant

tousethem.Smartcardscanbelostorstolen.Scientistshavetriedallsortsof

otherapproaches,buttheyendupbackwithpasswords.Theyaretheleastworstin

aseriesofbadchoices.MarkusJakobsson,aresearcherincomputerscience,has

producedsomethinghecalls"fastwords."Insteadofinventingapassword,youjoin

threesimplewordsthatcomefromathoughtknownonlytoyou.Ifonedayyouwere

drivingtoworkandranoverafrogthatendedupflat,youmightchoose"frog

workflat."Youcanenterthethreewordsinanyorder,andthesystemstill

knowsthatyouareyou.Ifyourmindgoestotallyblank,thefastwordssystem

willtellyouoneofthethreewords,whichshouldenableyoutoremember

theoriginalthoughtandthusthethreekeywords.Thefastwordssystemrepresents

astepintherightdirection,butitisnotthepromisedland.Someone,somehow,

needstocomeupwithsomethingradicallydifferent-andradicallybetter-than

whatwehavetoday.31.Todaypeoplefindpasswords_______.

difficulttocreate

easytofigureout

A:

hardtoremember

B:

apttobereplaced

C:

答D:案：C

22、【单选题】PassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowing

passage.Arepasswordsont-of-date?Itisstartingtoseemlikeit.Everybody

hatesthem.ThesedaysatypicalIntemetuserhasdozensofonlineaccounts.If

youreallywanttobesafe,youneedtogenerateadifferentpasswordforeachone,

andeachpasswordneedstobeextremelycomplicated,withamixofletters,

symbols,andnumbers.Whocankeepallthatstuffintheirhead?Mostpeopledo

notbother.Somejustcreateonepasswordanduseiteverywhere.Othersmighthave

afewpasswords-oneforalltheirbankingandfinancialstuff,onefortheir

socialnetworks,oneforemailaccounts.Problemisthatifonesitegetshacked,

thebadguysnowhavethepasswordyouuseelsewhere.Theseattacksarehappening

sofrequentlythesedaysthatyoumightaswellassumethereisnowaytokeepa

passwordsecret.Computerscientistsrealizethesystemisbroken,andtheyare

lookingforalternatives.Butmostattemptshavenotbeenverygood.Fingerprint

readersrequirespecialhardware,andmanypeoplefindthemscaryanddon'twant

tousethem.Smartcardscanbelostorstolen.Scientistshavetriedallsortsof

otherapproaches,buttheyendupbackwithpasswords.Theyaretheleastworstin

aseriesofbadchoices.MarkusJakobsson,aresearcherincomputerscience,has

producedsomethinghecalls"fastwords."Insteadofinventingapassword,youjoin

threesimplewordsthatcomefromathoughtknownonlytoyou.Ifonedayyouwere

drivingtoworkandranoverafrogthatendedupflat,youmightchoose"frog

workflat."Youcanenterthethreewordsinanyorder,andthesystemstill

knowsthatyouareyou.Ifyourmindgoestotallyblank,thefastwordssystem

willtellyouoneofthethreewords,whichshouldenableyoutoremember

theoriginalthoughtandthusthethreekeywords.Thefastwordssystemrepresents

astepintherightdirection,butitisnotthepromisedland.Someone,somehow,

needstocomeupwithsomethingradicallydifferent-andradicallybetter-than

whatwehavetoday.32.Welearnfromparagraph2thatmanypeopleuse

passwords_______.

withoutduecaution

inarationalmanner

A:

withfrequentchanges

B:

insimplecombinations

C:

答D:案：A

23、【单选题】PassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowing

passage.Arepasswordsont-of-date?Itisstartingtoseemlikeit.Everybody

hatesthem.ThesedaysatypicalIntemetuserhasdozensofonlineaccounts.If

youreallywanttobesafe,youneedtogenerateadifferentpasswordforeachone,

andeachpasswordneedstobeextremelycomplicated,withamixofletters,

symbols,andnumbers.Whocankeepallthatstuffintheirhead?Mostpeopledo

notbother.Somejustcreateonepasswordanduseiteverywhere.Othersmighthave

afewpasswords-oneforalltheirbankingandfinancialstuff,onefortheir

socialnetworks,oneforemailaccounts.Problemisthatifonesitegetshacked,

thebadguysnowhavethepasswordyouuseelsewhere.Theseattacksarehappening

sofrequentlythesedaysthatyoumightaswellassumethereisnowaytokeepa

passwordsecret.Computerscientistsrealizethesystemisbroken,andtheyare

lookingforalternatives.Butmostattemptshavenotbeenverygood.Fingerp