2023北京东城高三一模英语（教师版）

2023北京东城高三一模英语2023.3本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Bernard,the82-year-oldretiredpoliceofficer,washeartbrokenwhenhe____1____hispreciousmedal.HishousewasbrokenintolastDecember.Thethieftookawaysomejewelry,somecashandhistreasuredmedalgivenforhis32yearsof____2____withLiverpoolPoliceStation.Hebelievedthemedalwasgoneforever.Threemonthslater,David,ayoungvolunteerpulledthemedalfromariverina“one-in-a-million”catch.Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammeinLiverpool.Hehadbeenusingalargemagnet(磁铁)to____3____metalrubbishoutoftheriverfor30minuteswhenhefoundasmallbluemetalbox.“Iwouldhaveneverfoundthemedalifwehadn’t____4____alltherubbishintheriverfirst,”saidDavid.“Atfirst,wefoundoldbitsofshoppingcartsandothermetalitemsbutabouthalfanhourlater,Ipulledoutthe____5____,andit’sgot‘PoliceLongServiceMedal’writtenonit,Itreallywaslikefindinganeedleinahaystack(干草堆).”____6____,themedalwascarvedwithBernard’snameandthemedalnumber,whichDavidusedto____7____thesenior’sphonenumberonline.Theretiredpoliceofficerwas____8____whenhereceivedacallsayingthemedalhadbeenfoundinariver,stillinitsmetalbox.Andwhenhewastolditwouldbe____9____tohimbytheyoungmanwhofoundit,hisfacelitup.DavidthenplannedavisittomeetBernardandreturnedthemedaltohim.“Thiswastrulythebest_____10_____forcleaningupthatrubbish...It’samazing,”Davidsaid.1.A.damaged B.lost C.sold D.dirtied2.A.business B.communication C.cooperation D.service3.A.net B.site C.cup D.fish4.A.tackled B.deserted C.recycled D.buried5.A.magnet B.rubbish C.box D.jewelry6.A.Apparently B.Thankfully C.Gradually D.Consequently7.A.track B.recall C.record D.dial8.A.nervous B.astonished C.proud D.embarrassed9.A.awarded B.submitted C.presented D.addressed10.A.drive B.proof C.wish D.reward第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Onaparticularsunnyday,littleMykelwasdeterminedtolearntoridehisbikewithoutthehelpoftrainingwheels.Whentheneighborhoodkids____11____(spot)Mykelshakilycontrollinghisbike,theyracedover____12____(help).Someheldthebikesteadywhileothersofferedencouragement.Mykelwasnotaloneashetriedtoreachhisgoaloflearningtoridehisbike!Somethingsare____13____(easy)saidthandone.However,withalittlehelpfromfriends,thingsgobetter!B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Renewablemethodsfor____14____(produce)electricity,suchaswindturbinesandsolarpanels,canonlyprovidepoweronthedays____15____windblowsorthesunshines.Electricbatteries____16____(use)tostoreenergyareexpensiveandcanalsobepolluting.Finnishscientistscameupwithasimplesolutionthatputsunwantedgreenelectricitytowork,heating100tonsofsandtoaround500℃.Thesandstayshotformonths;whenenergy____17____(require),aircanbepumpedthroughitandheatedup.Theairinturnheatsasystemthatsupplieshotwatertoheatnearbyhouses.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Theideaofwritingapoemmightfeelfrightening____18____(initial)—doyouneedtofollowacertainstructure,doesitneedtohavearhyme,ordoyouneedtohaverecitedadictionarytobea“proper”poet?Thetruthis:absolutelynot.Whilethereare“types”ofpoemthatofferstructuretoserve____19____aguide,therealityisthatpoetrydoesn’thavetofollowasetofrules—it’smuchmoreaboutconveyingafeeling,andthatopensupalotofcreative____20____(free)forustoexplore.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEveryyear,young,talented,andambitiousnatureconservationistsfromallovertheworldshoottheirshotfortheFutureForNature(FFN)Award,anhonorableinternationalaward.TheFutureForNatureaimsto:·Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildanimalsandplants.·Stimulateawardwinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.·Helpwinnerstoraisetheirprofile,extendtheirprofessionalnetworkandstrengthentheirfundingbasis.Benefits·Thewinnerseachreceive50,000eurosandmaymaketheirowndecisiontospendthemoneyintheserviceofnatureconservation.·FFNoffersthewinnersaplatformandbringstheirstoriestotheattentionofconservationists,financiersandawideaudience,allowingthemtoincreasetheirimpactandgainmoreaccesstofunds.·FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandcontinuetolearnwitheachotherinordertocontinuetheirfightfornatureasefficientlyandeffectivelyaspossible.QualificationsThecandidate：·Mustbebornonorafterthe31stMay1988andbeforethe31stMay2005.·Isabletoexplainhis/herconservationworkinfluentEnglish(writtenandspoken).·Hasachievedsubstantialandlong-termbenefitstotheconservationstatusofoneormoreanimalorplantspecies.·Mustbedeterminedtocontinuehis/herconservationwork,astheawardaimstostimulatethewinner’sfuturework.Itisnotan”endofcareer“prize.AdditionalRemarksForthe2023FutureForNatureAward,weareagainsearchingfornaturalleaders,whohaveproventhattheycanmakeadifferenceinspecies’survival.Fromallapplications,6to10nominees(被提名者)willbeselected.Theseapplicantswillbeaskedtoprovideadditionalinformation,whichwillbeusedtoselectthefinalawardees.Ultimately,threeinspiringwildlifeheroesareselectedasthewinners.ApplicationProcess:ApplyonlinethroughtheApplyNowlink.ApplicationDeadline:May1st,2023.21.WhichisoneoftheaimsoftheFutureForNature?A.Toaidmoregreengroups. B.Tofundacademiceducation.C.Toinspireconservationefforts. D.Toraiseenvironmentalawareness.22.Thewinnerswillgetthechanceto________.A.consulttopspecialists B.meetlike-mindedpeopleC.benefitthelocalcommunity D.promoteself-createdplatforms23.Toapplyforthe2023FutureForNatureAward,candidatesmust________.A.meettheagerequirement B.applyviamailbythedeadlineC.turnintheapplicationinEnglish D.provideadditionalpersonalinformationBThesignonthelibrarian’sdeskread:“ReadersWantedforProjectReadAloud.”Sherenestaredatitasthelibrarianstampedthebookthatshehadselectedforherweeklyreadingfarewithareturnbydate.“WhatisProjectReadAloud?”Shereneasked.“Here’sthebrochureaboutit.There’saforminsidetofilloutifyouwanttobecomeareader.Thereisnopay,bytheway,”thelibrariansaidwithasmile.Sherenewalkedhome.Shelovedlivingwithinwalkingdistanceofhertown’spubliclibrary.Shelovedtositinoneoftheoverstuffedreadingchairsinthereadingroomwiththesmellofbooksallaroundherandloseherselfinabook.Shehadmovedawayafterhighschoolandhadrecentlymovedback.Thelibraryandfondmemoriesofherchildhoodhaddrawnherbacktothissmalltown.Oncehome,shesatdowntoreadthebrochure,whichsaid,“ProjectReadAloudseekstoprovidetheopportunityofhearingstoriesreadaloudinacomfortablesetting.”Thatisafinegoal,shethought.Sherenefilledouttheform.Shelovedreadingaloud.Whenshewasachild,shereadaloudtoherteddybear.Later,whenshegrewupandbecameateacher,shereadaloudtoherstudentsmanytimesthroughouttheday.Sinceherretirement,shereadaloudonlytoherselfandBoots,hercat.Itwouldfeelsogoodtohaveahumanaudienceonceagaintosharestorieswith.Acoupleofdayslater,Sherenesatinthenowemptysmalltheatreinthelibrary,preparingthefirststoryshewasgoingtoread.Soon,theaudiencebegantowanderinandfindtheirseats.Thetheatrewashalffullinhalfanhour.Sherenesteppedtotheedgeofthestageandintroducedherself.Sheexplainedtheoriginofthestory,openedthebookandbegantoread.Shewovethetalemasterfullycreatingvoicesforthecharacters,pausingforemphasis,andtakingthelistenersintoanotherworld.WhenSherenereadthelastwordsofthestory,therewasamomentarysilenceasitallsankintothelistenersandthenaburstofenthusiasticapplause.Atthatmoment,understandingdidgrowinthetownthroughthesharingofstories.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutSherene?A.Sheusedtobeateacher. B.Shelivedfarfromthelibrary.C.Shelikedhearingstoriesreadaloud. D.Shewasinvolvedinmanysocialactivities.25.WhydidSherenejoininProjectReadAloud?A.Shewantedtomakenewfriends. B.Theproject’sgoalsuitedherinterest.C.Theprojectbroughtherextraincome. D.Sheneededtoimproveherreadingability.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSherene’sfirstperformance?A.Meaningfulandhumorous. B.Novelandamusing.C.Impressiveandconventional. D.Vividandabsorbing.CManypeoplehaveparticipatedintolotsofvirtualmeetingstheseyears.Someresearchshowsthisadjustmentmightnotimpactworkplaceproductivitytoanygreatdegree.Anewstudy,though,suggestsotherwise.Inthestudy,602participantswererandomlypairedandaskedtocomeupwithcreativeusesforaproduct.Theywerealsorandomlyselectedtoworktogethereitherinpersonorvirtually.Thepairswerethenrankedbyassessingtheirtotalnumberofideas,aswellasthoseconcepts’degreeofnovelty,andaskedtosubmittheirbestidea.Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewerideas,suggestingthatsomethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindingscouldstiffenemployers’resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.“Weranthisexperimentbasedonfeedbackfromcompaniesthatitwashardertoinnovatewithremoteworkers,”saidleadresearcherMelanieBrucks.“Unlikeotherformsofvirtualcommunication,likephonecallsore-mail,videoconferencingcopiesthein-personexperiencequitewell,soIwassurprisedwhenwefoundmeaningfuldifferencesbetweenin-personandvideointeractionforideageneration.”Whenrandomobjectswereplacedinboththevirtualandphysicalrooms,thevirtualpairsofparticipantsspentmoretimelookingdirectlyateachotherratherthanlettingtheirlookwanderabouttheroomandtakingintheentirescene.Eyeingone’swholeenvironmentandnoticingtherandomobjectswereassociatedwithincreasedideageneration.Onplatforms,thescreenoccupiesourinteractions.Ourlookwaversless.“Lookingawaymightcomeacrossasrude,”saidBrucks,“sowehavetolookatthescreenbecausethatisthedefinedcontextoftheinteraction,thesamewaywewouldn’twalktoanotherroomwhiletalkingtosomeoneinperson.”Likemosteducators,Bruckshasprimarilytaughtvirtuallyinthepastthreeyears,andshedidnoticesomebenefitsoftheapproachaswell.Herstudentsweremorelikelytotaketurnsspeakingandhershyerstudentsspokeupmoreoften,ridoftheanxietythatcomesfromaddressingalargeclassroom.Brucksfoundthatonesolutiontoimprovingvirtualideagenerationmightbetosimplyturnoffthecamera,forherstudentsfelt“freer”andmorecreativewhenaskedtodoso.Andthismaybesoundadvicefortheworkplace.Virtualteamworkcan’treplaceface-to-faceteamwork.Ideaselectionproficiency(能力)isonlyvaluableifyouhavestrongoptionstoselectfrom,andface-to-faceteamsarethebestmeanstogeneratewinningoptions.Perhapstheworkplacewillfindacompromise—asweetspotinthemiddlethatbalancesworkingfrombothhomeandoffice.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stiffen”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Shake. B.Revise. C.Challenge. D.Strengthen.28.Atfirst,leadresearcherMelanieBrucksmightthinkthat________.A.videoconferencingcan’tcomparewithin-personcommunicationB.participantsshouldmakeeyecontactinanonlinemeetingC.thefeedbackfromcompaniesseemsquestionableD.creativeideasmayemergefromcasualthoughts29.WhatcanwelearnaboutBrucks’class?A.Herstudentsrelievedanxietybyspeakingup. B.Herstudentsprogressedinfocusingattention.C.Herstudentstookadvantageofvirtuallearning. D.Herstudentsdisplayedtalentforpublicspeaking.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.InteractingVirtuallyImpactsWorkingParticipation B.MaintainingTeamworkImprovesIdeaGenerationC.GroupingRandomlyIncreasesProductivity D.BrainstormingOnlineLimitsCreativityDArguably,thebiggestsciencedevelopmentoftheyear‘todatehasbeentheimagesoftheverydepthsoftheuniversetakenbytheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST).Thoseimagesbegacomparisonbetweentheexternalandinternaluniversesthatscienceisbentonobservingandunderstanding.Decadesago,astrophysicistCarlSaganfamouslysaid,“Theuniverseisalsowithinis.We’remadeofstar-stuff.Weareawayfortheuniversetoknowitself.”Hewascommentingthenontherealitythatourinternaluniversewasascomplexandasfantasticastheouterspace.Therearemanysimilaritiesbetweentheprogresswe’vemadeinunderstandingtheuniverseandinpiecingtogetherlife’sinnerworkings.LikethetechnologicaldevelopmentsthattookusfromGalileo’stelescopetotheHubbletotheJWST,lifesciencetoolshavealsoimprovedrapidly.Fromearlylightmicroscopestomodernsuper-resolutionones,thesedevelopmentshaveaffordedresearchersadeeplookintobiology’sinfinitesimal(无限小的)landscape.Learningthatlivingthingswerecomposedofcellswas,notaterriblylongtimeago,arevolutionaryobservation.Sincethen,scientistshavebeenabletodiveeverdeeperintothecomponentsoflife.Goingbeyondmerelyobservingthecomplicatedmakeupoforganisms,lifescientistscannowdiscovertheworkingsofmolecules(分子).Andthatiswherescanningtheuniversediffersfrompeeringintobiology.Understandingtheuniverse,especiallyfromafunctionalstandpoint,isnotnecessarilyanimmediateurgency.Understandingbiologyonthatlevelis.Simplyobservingtheamazinginternalstructureofcellsisnotenough.Biologistsmustalsocharacterizehowallthosepartsinteractandchangeindifferentenvironmentsandwhenfacedwithvariouschallenges.Beingabletoimageavirusorbacteriumisniceatthelevelofbasicscience.Butknowinghowvirusesgainentryintocellsandspread,infect,anddisablecanliterallysavelives.Throughtime,biologyhasrisentothismechanisticchallenge.Notonlycanlifesciencetoolsproduceimagesofcellcomponents,evenmoreimportantly,theycanhelppredicttheeffectsofdrugsonreceptors,ofimmunecellsonforeigninvaders(入侵者),andofgeneticperturbations(基因干扰)ondevelopmentandaging.Thisisnottobelittletheworkofscientistsresearchingintouniverse.Theyshouldrightlybepraisedfordeliveringviewsofimpossiblydistant,impossiblymassivephenomena.Myaimistocelebratetheseaccomplishmentswhileatthesametimerecognizingthatscience’sinwardsearchfordetailandinsightisequallyimpressiveand,inmyview,moreurgent.Theoutputofboththeoutwardandinwardexplorationsshouldstimulatewonderineveryone.Afterall,it’sallstar-stuff.31.WhydoestheauthorquoteCarlSagan’scommentinParagraph2?A.Tointroducethebackground. B.Toproveanassumption.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Topresentanidea.32.Likethestudyoftheuniverse,lifesciencehasbeenadvancingin________.A.studyapproaches B.systemmanagementC.researchfacilities D.technologyintegration33.WecaninferfromParagraph4thatbiologists’workis________.A.practical B.risky C.flexible D.popular34.Asforlifescience,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Ithasreceiveduniversalrecognition. B.Itshouldenjoypriorityindevelopment.C.Itcanbeappliedinthemajorityofareas. D.Itismorecomplicatedthanspacescience.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withclimatechangecontinuingtoworsen,oursituationisbeginningtofeelincreasinglyserious.____35____Isitright?Maybenot.Techno-optimismisoneofthegreatestmisconceptionswhenitcomestosolutionstoensureourfuture.Itcanbedefinedasabeliefthatfuturetechnologieswillsolveallofourcurrentproblems.Thisdefinitionreinforces(强化)theideathatthere’snoreasontopanicorchangeourcurrentenergy-intensivelifestyle.Allsocietyneedstodoislooktogreentechnologytoworkitsmagic.____36____Oneofthebestexamplesofthisoptimisticmisconceptionistheelectriccar.Despitebeinghighlyregardedasaneco-friendlywaytogetaround,electriccarsarenottheendforthefutureoftransport.Batteriesinelectriccarsusechemicalelementswhichwecouldbeseeingashortageofbythemidcentury.____37____Techno-optimismhasledmanytobelievethatifeveryonejustswitchedtodrivingelectricvehicles,wewouldbemakingincrediblestepstowardssustainability.However,therealityisthattheamountofresourcesandenergyneededtoproduceenoughelectricvehiclesforeveryoneisnotevenremotelysustainable.____38____Investinginpublictransportationandmovingawayfromindividuallyownedvehicles.Producingfewercars,Improvingrecyclingpracticesofoldbatteries.Thesolutionsweseekshouldnotberootedinnewtechnology,butbeaboutchangingthewayoursocietyfunctions.Techno-optimismputstoomuchemphasisontechnologyandnotenoughonwhatwecandorightthisminute.Unfortunately,peopleseemtolikethepicturethattechno-optimismpaints.____39____Itisimportanttounderstandthattheproblembeginswhenweseethosetechnologiesasawaytomakeourcurrentlifestyleseco-friendly.Untilwearereadytofacetheneedforalesscomplexlife,wecannotmaketrueprogresstowardssustainability.A.Sowhereshouldwelookforanswersinstead?B.Themodernworld’ssimplesolutionistechnology.C.Moreover,theyaremoreenergyintensivetoproduce.D.Isitatrapthatmanypeoplehavefallenintoinrecentyears?E.Unfortunately,thisisanincrediblydangerousopiniontohold.F.Despiteanytechnology,weasawholearenotlivingsustainably.G.Nevertheless,thetruthis,weneedawidespreadchangeinourlifestyles.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Weallliketothinkthatwearerational(理性的)thinkers,butpoordecisionsandchoicesareevidentallaroundus:stayinginbadrelationshipsorboringjobs,takingupsmoking,eatingtoomuchjunkfood;thelistgoeson.Sowhycan’twemakebetterdecisions?Onereasonappearstobewhatpsychologistscall“decisionfatigue”:theideathatweallhavealimitedstoreofenergyformakingdecisionsandpractisingself-control.Forexample,ifyouaregrounddownbyeverydaystruggles,youhavelessmentalenergyforgooddecisions.However,studiespointtothefactthatdecidingthingsearlyinthedayislikelytoleadtobetteroutcomes.Mostofuswillhavehadtheexperienceofgoingtobedwithaseeminglyunsolvableproblem,onlytowakeupwithaflashofinspirationthenextmorning.Sodecisionsmadewhenwefeelleasttiredaremorelikelytobetherightones.Anotherworthwhilestrategyistopretendthatyouareadvisinganimaginaryfriend,ratherthanrelatingdecisionstoyourownlife.Thiscreatesadistancebetweenyouandtheissuesinquestion,andcanhelpyoutothinklogicallyratherthanemotionally.Peopleoftenadvisemakinglistsofadvantagesanddisadvantages,andthenprioritizingtheitemsineachlist.Thiscancertainlybehelpful,butweneedtobecarefulnottoover-thinkeverydecision.Wemayoverestimatethevalueofinformation,andsometimesitisbettersimplytogowithourgutinstinct(直觉).Perhapsthemostimportantthingwecandotominimizethepossibilityofregretistomakesurethatourdecisionsareinlinewithourlifevalues;inotherwords,tohavealifevisionandbetruetoit.Insteadofaskingourselvesquestionssuchas“Whichoptionissafer?”or“Whichoptionisbestfinancially?”,itisfarbettertoask“HowwillIfeelaboutthiswhenI’m70?”.40.Whatdoes“decisionfatigue”mean?________________41.Whydopeopletendtomakegooddecisionsearlyintheday?________________42.Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.▷Sometimesitisagoodideatogowithourgutinstincttomakedecisions,becauseweighingadvantagesanddisadvantagestakesgreatefforts.________________43.Inadditiontothestrategiesinthepassage,pleasesuggestanotherwaytomakegooddecisions.(Inabout40words)________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim所在的学校即将迎来百年校庆。他参与准备活动，负责向来宾介绍学校的变化，问你有什么好的建议。请你用英文给他回邮件，内容包括：1.表示祝贺;2.你的建议。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：纪念日anniversaryDearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.A5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C10.D【解析】【导语】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找到了他，并交还给了他。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝尔纳是一名82岁的退休警察，他失去了珍贵的勋章，伤心欲绝。A.damaged损坏；B.lost丢失；C.sold出售；D.dirtied弄脏。根据第一段“Thethieftookawaysomejewelry,somecashandhistreasuredmedalgivenforhis32yearsof____2____withLiverpoolPoliceStation.(小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而获得的珍贵勋章。)”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去了（lost）勋章。故选B项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职32年而获得的珍贵勋章。A.business业务；B.communication沟通；C.cooperation合作；D.service服务。根据句中的histreasuredmedalgivenforhis32years可知，这个勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的，此处考查名词serve，意为“长期、受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语servicewith…，意为“在……任职，工作”，故选D项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。A.net净赚；B.site使坐落在；C.cup做成杯状；D.fish搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语fishsthoutofsth，意为“从……中取出，拿出，拖出……”，根据上一句“Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammeinLiverpool.(这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。)”，磁铁可以吸附一些金属，故这位年轻人用磁铁吸附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选D项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A.tackled处理；B.deserted遗弃；C.recycled回收；D.buried掩埋。根据上文“Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammeinLiverpool.Hehadbeenusingalargemagnet(磁铁)to____3____metalrubbishoutoftheriverfor30minuteswhenhefoundasmallbluemetalbox.(这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。)”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的金属垃圾，tackled符合语境。故选A项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。A.magnet磁铁；B.rubbish垃圾；C.box盒子；D.jewelry珠宝。根据下文“Theretiredpoliceofficerwas____8____whenhereceivedacallsayingthemedalhadbeenfoundinariver,stillinitsmetalbox.(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。)”可知，勋章存放在盒子（box）里。故选C项。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A.Apparently显然；B.Thankfully谢天谢地；C.Gradually逐渐；D.Consequently因此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事，Thankfully符合语境。故选B项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A.track追查；B.recall回想起；C.record记录；D.dial拨号。句中的themedalwascarvedwithBernard’snameandthemedalnumber可知，勋章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的电话号码。故选A项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。A.nervous紧张的；B.astonished惊讶；C.proud骄傲；D.embarrassed尴尬。根据第一段最后一句“Hebelievedthemedalwasgoneforever.(他以为奖章永远消失了。)”可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选B项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时，他的脸上露出了笑容。A.awarded授予；B.submitted屈服；C.presented提交，交给；D.addressed致辞。根据下文“DavidthenplannedavisittomeetBernardandreturnedthemedaltohim.(随后，大卫计划去拜访伯纳德，并把奖章还给了他。)”可知，David不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了（presented）他。故选C项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A.drive驱动；B.proof证明；C.wish愿望；D.reward奖励，回报。根据下文“It’samazing(这事令人惊奇)”，上文“Ipulledoutthe____5____,andit’sgot‘PoliceLongServiceMedal’writtenonit,Itreallywaslikefindinganeedleinahaystack(干草堆).(我拽出一个盒子，上面写着‘警察长期服务勋章’，真的就像大海捞针一样。)”可知，清理河道金属垃圾的过程中，意外发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事，reward符合语境。故选D项。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.spotted12.tohelp13.easier【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Mykel学习骑自行车时得到周围孩子的帮助的故事。【11题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：当邻居的孩子们发现Mykel摇摇晃晃地控制着他的自行车时，他们跑过去帮忙。根据上文的时间状语“Onaparticularsunnyday”及主句中的“raced”可知，文章是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填spotted。【12题详解】考查动词不定式。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tohelp。【13题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：有些事说起来容易做起来难。根据than可知此处应用形容词比较级。故填easier。【答案】14.producing15.when16.areused17.isrequired【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了芬兰科学家提出的一个利用沙子的可再生发电方式。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：可再生发电方法，如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板，只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。空前为介词for，故空处需要填动名词doing的形式构成“介宾”结构。故填producing。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：可再生发电方法，如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板，只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，修饰先行词thedays，表“时间”，从句中不缺主、宾、表和定语，故填关系副词。故填when。【16题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：用来储存能量的电池价格昂贵，而且会造成污染。结合句意可知，此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可；动词use和复数主语Electricbatteries为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态bedone的形式。故填areused。【17题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：当需要能量时，空气可以通过它来加热。结合句意可知，此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可；动词require和单数主语energy为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态bedone的形式。故填isrequired。【答案】18.initially19.as20.freedom【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了写诗让人害怕的原因，并解释道，诗歌不需要遵循“死板”的规则。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：一开始写诗的想法可能会让人害怕——你是否需要遵循某种结构，它是否需要押韵，或者你是否需要背诵一本字典来成为一个“合适的”诗人？分析句子可知，空处去掉后不影响理解，故需要填副词的形式作状语。故填initially。【19题详解】考查固定短语。句意：虽然有一些“类型”的诗歌提供了结构作为指导，但现实是，诗歌并不一定要遵循一套规则。固定短语serveas表示“用作；充当；作为”，符合句意。故填as。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：它更多的是传达一种感觉，这为我们开辟了许多创作的自由，供我们探索。creative为形容词表示“创新的；创作的”，alotof表示“很多”，故空处需要填名词。故填freedom。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍自然的未来奖(FFN)的目的，益处，资格和申请候选人等相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题TheFutureForNatureaimsto:中的“·Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildanimalsandplants.(奖励和资助在保护野生动植物物种方面做出突出努力的个人)”和“·Stimulateawardwinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.(激励获奖者保持他们的敬业精神)”可知，FFN的目标之一是激励保护工作，故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题TheFutureForNatureaimsto:中的“·FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandconti