广东省高三新高考适应性测试卷（一）英语试题

广东省2021届新高考适应性测试卷英语（一）本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小題1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthemanbuyyesterday?A.suit.B.Ashirt.C.Asweater.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaprintingshop.B.Atabookstore.C.Inalibrary.3.WhenwillSallyseethedentist?A.At8:00.B.At9:30.C.At10:30.4.Wheremaythedialoguetakeplace?A.Inadrinksshop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.5.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Goshopping.B.Gowalking.C.Goswimming.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。第6段材料，回答第6、7题6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gotothegrocery.B.WatchTVathome.C.Cleanthefreezer.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Employerandemployee.C.Shopassistantandcustomer.第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howlongwillthemanpossiblyallowthewomantobeabsent?A.Oneday.B.Twodays.C.Threedays.9.Whydoesthewomanaskforaleave?A.Totakecareofherbrother.B.Toattendawedding.C.Tohavearest.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanthinkofasmartspeaker?A.Expensive.B.Unnecessary.C.Convenient.11.Howcanyoumakeasmartspeakerwork?A.Talktoit.B.Writeonit.C.Listentoit.12.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Buyasmartspeaker.B.Buyasmarthouse.C.Ignorethesmartspeaker.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatmakesthewomanfeelupset?A.Drivingtoworkeverymorning.B.Workingfarawayfromhome.C.Gettingthetraffictickets.14.WhatisthespeedlimitontheCenterStreet?A.35mph.B.45mph.C.55mph.15.Whatisthesecondticketfor?A.Drivingcarelessly.B.Talkingbacktothepolice.C.Notwearingtheseatbelt.16.Whatdoesthewomanlearnfromtheincident?A.Shewaswronged.B.Shewaswrong.C.Shewasunlucky.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhoisEmileRatelbrant?A.Atelevisionhost.B.Alegaladviser.C.Abankclerk.18.WhenwasRatelbrantactuallyborn?A.In1989.B.In1969.C.In1949.19.WhydidRatelbrantsubmitsuchalegaldemandtocourt?A.Todrawpeople’sattentionB.TobefreeofdiscriminationC.Tosavemoneyforthegovernment.20.HowdoesRatelbrantfeelaboutthepossibleresultofhisdemand?A.Hopeless.B.Confident.C.Uncertain.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANationalGeographicKidsMagazineSubscriptionBillMeLaterAvailable—NoCreditCardRequired!1Year(10Issues)Newsstand:$49.90$24.95YouSave:50%100%SatisfactionGuaranteeYourpurchaseofNationalGeographicKidsisbackedbyour100%satisfactionguarantee.Ifyou(oryourrecipient)arenotpletelysatisfiedwithyourmagazine,letusknowandwewilldowhateverittakestomakeitright—evena100%cashrefundifyouchoose.IrvLesher,CEOandFounderofMagazineLineMagazineOverviewAboutNationalGeographicKidsNationalGeographicKidsmagazineoffersafreshnewlookfortoday’skids!Eachissue(期)isjampackedwithgreatstoriesaboutwildlife,adventures,otherkids,animals,sports,science,technology,wonderfulplacesintheworld,popularculture,andmorecoolstuff—alldesignedtokeepkidsreading,thinking,learningandhavingfun!Forages6—12.EveryeditionofNationalGeographicKidscontainsasuperbbinationofphotos,funfacts,andarticlespresentedinacheerystyle,makingitperfectforkeepingkids’attention.Yourchildrencanexploreancientcivilizationsononepage,efacetofacewithoverseaswildlifeonanother,andturnthenextpagetodoprojects,whichareoftenperfectforhomework.Therearealwaysplentyofgross/interestingfactsaboutanimalsthatyourchildrenarecertaintosharewithyou,ortheycanturntothepagethatgivesthemthelowdownontheirfavoritestar.AgiftsubscriptiontoNationalGeographicKidsisperfectforyoungreaders,whoareinterestedintheworldaroundthem.1.HowwilltheMagazineLinestaffdealwithdissatisfiedpurchasers?A.Givea100%cashrefundimmediately. B.Offera50%discounttothem.C.Doeverythingtosatisfythem. D.Allowthemtocancelsubscription.2.WhichdescriptionistrueaboutNationalGeographicKids?A.Itisaperfectgiftforreaders.B.Itaddstokids’homework.C.Itischeapertobeboughtonthenewsstand.D.Itreferstomanyfields.3.Whoisthearticlemainlyintendedfor?A.Children. B.Parents.C.Teachers. D.Managers.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了《国家地理·少儿版》杂志的的内容以及订阅的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据图片中100%SatisfactionGuarantee部分的“letusknowandwewilldowhateverittakestomakeitright”可知，其员工会竭尽所能去解决问题。由此可知，杂志工作人员将做任何事情来使不满意的购买者满意。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AboutNationalGeographicKids部分第一段和第二段中提到的该杂志涉及的内容“greatstoriesaboutwildlife,adventures,otherkids,animals,sports,science,technology,wonderfulplacesintheworld,popularculture,andmorecoolstuff”有关野生动植物，冒险，其他孩子，动物，体育，科学，技术，世界上最美好的地方，受欢迎的文化以及更多有趣事物的精彩故事”。可知该杂志涉及的领域很广。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据AboutNationalGeographicKids部分第二段中的“Yourchildren”及“thatyourchildrenarecertaintosharewithyou”你的孩子一定会和你分享。可推断，本文主要是写给父母看的。故选B项。【点睛】

BLukeGrenfellShawhadarareformofcancer.Itstartedasapaininhisshoulderandthetumourspreadtohislungs,makingitstagefour.TheOxfordgraduatewasteachingEnglishinSiberiawhenhesufferedashoulderpainandsawtheschoolnurse.ItwasherreactiontoalumponhisbackthatsenthimbackhometoBristol.“Iwas24yearsold.Ihaddoneanultramarathon.”Lukesaid.48hourslater.IwasbackinhospitalintheUK.“On19June2018,doctorstoldLukethathehadcancer.“Ihadkindofworkedoutthatitwascancer,butwhatkindofblewmeawaywasthefactthatitwasstagefourcancer,”saysLuke.“Thatday,mylifefeltlikeithaddisintegrated.Mylifehadbeenfortableandconventional.Iworkedhardandgotrewardsintermsofeducation,jobs,thingslikethat.Thatwasalltakenaway?”Onthedayofhisdiagnosis,Lukehadoneclearthoughtinhismindthathewantedtocyclearoundtheworld.Itwassomethinghehadalwayshopedtodo,butthecancernewsmadehimrealizethathecouldn’tputitoff.“Irealizedthatthefuturehadtobeenow,”Lukeexplains.HedecidedtocyclefromBristoltoBeijing—morethan5,000miles—onatandembike,becausehewantedtobringpeoplealongtosharetheexperiencewithhim.Lukewillnotonlybejoinedbyfamilyandfriendsforcertainlegsofhistrip,butalsobyotheryoungpeoplewhoarelivingwithcancer.“ThistripissomethingI’mgoingtoenjoy,”saysLuke,“It’sgoingtobetherichestandmostfulfillingexperiencethatIcanhave.”4.WhatmadeLukerealizethepotentialthreatoftheillness?A.Alumponhisback. B.Thepainonhisshoulder.C.Theschoolnurse’sreaction. D.TheOxfordgraduate’swarning.5.Theunderlinedword“disintegrated”inparagraph2means________.A.changed B.broken C.disappointed D.confused6.WhydidLukedecidetocyclearoundtheworld?A.Toenjoytherestofhislifepeacefully. B.Toseekthebestdoctortreatinghiscancer.C.Toconquerthecancerinhisownway. D.Tomakehisdreametrue.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Lukeintendedtochangehisfuturelifebycycling.B.Lukeplannedtochallengethecancerwithyoungmen.C.Lukewantedtoendhislifeduringthecyclingtrip.D.Lukeexpectedtochallengethetoughjourney.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了25岁的英国男子打算来一次看似不可能的挑战：从英国布里斯托尔骑行至北京。更具挑战性的是，这名男子已被确诊为癌症晚期，身体状况不容乐观。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheOxfordgraduatewasteachingEnglishinSiberiawhenhesufferedashoulderpainandsawtheschoolnurse.ItwasherreactiontoalumponhisbackthatsenthimbackhometoBristol.(这位牛津大学毕业生当时在西伯利亚教英语，突然肩膀疼痛，去见了学校的护士。是她对他背上一个肿块的反应让他回到了布里斯托尔)”可知，是护士的反应，让Luke意识到了疾病对他的潜在威胁。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Mylifehadbeenfortableandconventional.Iworkedhardandgotrewardsintermsofeducation,jobs,thingslikethat.Thatwasalltakenaway?”可知，Luke原本舒适和常规的生活因癌症的出现被打破，所有的一切都被剥夺，由此猜测Luke感到生活“崩溃，破碎”。A.changed变化的；B.broken破碎的；C.disappointed失望的；D.confused困惑的。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Onthedayofhisdiagnosis,Lukehadoneclearthoughtinhismindthathewantedtocyclearoundtheworld.Itwassomethinghehadalwayshopedtodo,butthecancernewsmadehimrealizethathecouldn’tputitoff.(在他被确诊的那天，Luke有一个清晰的想法，他想要骑自行车环游世界。这是他一直希望做的事，但癌症的消息让他意识到他不能拖延)”可知，Luke决定骑自行车环游世界，是为了实现他的梦想。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘ThistripissomethingI’mgoingtoenjoy,’saysLuke,‘It’sgoingtobetherichestandmostfulfillingexperiencethatIcanhave.’(卢克说：“这次旅行我会很享受的，这将是我所能拥有的最丰富、最充实的经历。”)”可知，Luke认为他将享受这次旅行，这将是他能拥有的最丰富、最充实的经历，由此推测Luke期望挑战这段艰难旅程。故选D。CBEIJING/SAOPAULO—Chinesetraditionslikecockfighting,flyingandfireworkshavebeenquitemoninBrazilformanyyears.“Despitethethousandsofkilometersbetweenthem,China’shistoricalandartisticmarkonBrazilhasexistedforabout300years,”saidBraziliansinologist(汉学家)JoseRobertoTeixeiraLeiteinhisbookChinainBrazil.“Influencesfromchinacandatefromthecolonialthetwocountrieshasexistedforalongtime,”henoted,addingthatiningshipswouldfillupBraziliancitieslikeSalvador,RiodeJaneiroandRecifewithChineseproductslikeporcelain(瓷器),silkandfans.HealsofoundChineseinfluencenotonlyintheartsandarchitectureofBrazilbutalsointhemostdiverseareasofBraziliansociety,liketheeconomy,medicineandpopularculture.“Attheendofthe19thcentury,inPernambuco(astateinnortheasternBrazil),therewasacustomthatchildrensleptwithclothesdecoratedwithChinesedragons.”Teixeiraadded.Thebooktookhimabout15yearstofinish.“Theimpactofthebooksurprisedme,thoughitwaspublishedbyauniversitypublisherandithadaprintrunofjust1,000copies,”hesaid.“SomehavesaidthatthebookrepresentsaturningpointinChinesestudiesinBrazil.”Besides,thesinologistdidresearchonthemarkandpresenceofChinainthearchitectureandartsofBrazil.“ItwasthroughartthatChinaawokeinme,first,curiosity,afterthat,interest,andfinally,passion,”Teixeirasaid.In1992,thesinologistvisitedMacaotodoresearchforhisdoctoralthesisaboutthemarksandpresenceofChinainBrazil,andthattripimpressedhimalot.In2013,TeixeirahadachancetovisittheChinesecitiesofBeijing,ShenzhenandShanghai,andgottoknow“thepastandpresentofthegreatcountryculturally,aswellasitsincrediblematerialdevelopment.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply?A.Brazilianchildren’slovefordragonsasChinesechildren.B.ThedevelopmentofChinaBrazilfrequenttradecooperation.C.Afurtherunderstandingoftheculturesofthetwocountries.D.China’sinfluenceonmostdiverseareasofBraziliansociety.9.WhatmarksanewstageofChinesestudiesforBrazilian?A.Children’sclothes. B.Thesinologist’straveling.C.Thesinologist’sbook. D.Chineseporcelain.10.Whatfiredthesinologist’spassionforChinesestudies?A.Chineseart. B.Chinesecustoms.C.ThehistoryofChina. D.ThedevelopmentofChina.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheImpressionofChinaonSinologistB.ChinainEyesofaBrazilianSinologistC.AnIntroductiontoSinologist’sNewBookD.ThefutureofChinaBraziltraderelations【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴西汉学家JoseRobertoTeixeiraLeite眼中的中国和巴西。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“InfluencesfromChinacandatefromthecolonialperiod,evenuptothetimeafterBrazil’sindependence.”可知，中国的影响可以追溯到殖民地时代，甚至到巴西独立之后。从画线句所在的句子Attheendofthe19thcentury,inPernambuco,(astateinnortheasternBrazil),therewascustomthatchildrensleptwithclothesdecoratedwithChinesedragons.可知，19世纪末，在巴西东北部的一个州，伯南布哥，有一个习俗，孩子们睡在装饰有中国龙的衣服上。因此推断，划线句子显示的是中国对巴西社会各个领域的影响。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theimpactofthebooksurprisedme,thoughitwaspublishedbyauniversitypublisherandithadaprintrunofjust1,000copies,”hesaid.“SomehavesaidthatthebookrepresentsaturningpointinChinesestudiesinBrazil.”可知，这本书的影响令作者吃惊，尽管它是由一家大学出版社出版的，印刷量只有1000册，有人说这本书代表了巴西中国研究的一个转折点。因此，这本书标志着巴西人的汉语研究进入了一个新的阶段。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ItwasthroughartthatChinaawokeinmefirst,curiosity,afterthat,interest,andfinally,passion,Teixeirasaid.可知，正是通过艺术，中国在特谢拉心中觉醒，首先是好奇心，然后是兴趣，最后是激情。因此，是艺术激发了这位汉学家对中国研究的热情。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文中巴西汉学家JoseRobertoTeixeiraLeite从艺术、商业、经济、医学、文化、建筑等方面介绍了中国对巴西的影响。所以短文的最佳标题为“中国在一个巴西汉学家眼中的样子”。故选B项。【点睛】

DWestNileisatropicaldiseasethatbeginsinbirds,whichpassitontomosquitoesthatthengoontoinfecthumanbeingswithbites.MostpeoplewhocontractWestNiledonotexperienceanysymptomsatall,but,iftheydo,symptomstypicallydevelopbetween3to14daysafteramosquitobite.About1in5personssuffersfever,headaches,andbodyaches,usuallylastingaweekorso.AfarlessluckyIin150experienceshighfever,tremors,paralysis,anda.Some—especiallytheelderlyandthosewithweakimmunesystems—die.ThatiswhatmadethemajoroutbreaksofWestNileintheU.S.inthesummerof2012soscary.ThesituationwasparticularlybadinDallas,Texas,wheretheWestNileviruskilled10peopleandsickenedmorethan200.Thecitydeclaredastateofemergencyandbeganaerialsprayingofapesticidetokillthemosquitoes,eventhoughresidentsarguedthatthepesticidecouldbemoredangerousthanthedisease.Whywasthesummerof2012sohospitabletotheWestNilevirusandthemosquitoesthatcarryit?Blametheweather.Anextremelymildwinterallowedmoremosquitoesthanusualtosurvive,whiletheunusuallyhightemperaturesinthatscorchingsummerfurtherincreasedtheirnumberbyspeedinguptheirlifecycle.Theeconomiccrisismayhavealsoplayedarole:homeownerswhowerenotabletopaytheirbankloanswereforcedtoabandontheirproperties,sometimesleavingbehindpoolsthatmadeexcellentmosquitobreedinggrounds.Theseverityoftropicaldiseasesisalsoamatterofwhethergovernmentsarecapable—andwilling—todefendtheirpopulationsagainstinfections.DallasCountywasnotdoingsomeofthekeythingstoslowthespreadofWestNile,suchastestingdeadbirdsandsettingmosquitotrapstotestforthepresenceofthedisease.Tropicalinfectionsarethusasmuchrelatedtogovernmentinactionastheyaretoclimate.12.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.WestNileandmethodstofightit. B.WestNileandgovernmentalefficiency.C.WestNileanditsrelationtotropicaldiseases. D.WestNileanditsrapidspread.13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutWestNile?A.Itssymptomsusuallyappearwithintwoweeks.B.Itisspreadthroughairandwaterintropicalareas.C.Over20%ofpeoplewhocontractitwillsufferseveresymptoms.D.Itesfromdirecthumancontactwithbirdsinfectedwiththevirus.14.WhatdidDallascountydotofightoffWestNile?A.Theyaskedcitizenstostayawayfromdeadbirds.B.Theymadetheswimmingpoolsemptyinthecounty.C.Theyencouragedcitizenstohelpthemselves.D.Theysprayedpesticidefromtheair.15.WhichofthefollowingisareasonwhyDallaswashitmostseriouslyintheU.S.in2012?A.Theweatherofthepreviouswinterwasnotascoldasusual.B.Theresidentsworriedaboutthecounty’sdecisionandaction.C.Thegovernmentdidnotissueawarningaboutthediseaseintime.D.TheincreasingpopulationinTexasraisedtheriskofcontractingthedisease.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为西尼罗河的病毒，详细介绍了感染这种病毒的一些症状，以及其2012年在美国城市爆发和蔓延的原因。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“ThatiswhatmadethemajoroutbreaksofWestNileintheU.S.inthesummerof2012soscary.ThesituationwasparticularlybadinDallas,Texas,wheretheWestNileviruskilled10peopleandsickenedmorethan200.(这就是2012年夏天西尼罗河病毒在美国大爆发的原因。德克萨斯州Dallas的情况尤其糟糕，西尼罗河病毒导致10人死亡，200多人患病)”可知结合文章主要介绍了一种名为西尼罗河的病毒，详细介绍了感染这种病毒的一些症状，以及其2012年在美国城市爆发和蔓延的原因。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲了西尼罗河病毒和其迅速传播的情况。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“MostpeoplewhocontractWestNiledonotexperienceanysymptomsatall,but,iftheydo,symptomstypicallydevelopbetween3to14daysafteramosquitobite.(大多数感染西尼罗河病毒的人根本没有任何症状，但即使有，症状通常在被蚊子叮咬后3至14天出现)”可知，A选项“症状通常在两周内出现”正确。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thecitydeclaredastateofemergencyandbeganaerialsprayingofapesticidetokillthemosquitoes,eventhoughresidentsarguedthatthepesticidecouldbemoredangerousthanthedisease.(该市宣布进入紧急状态，并开始空中喷洒杀虫剂来杀死蚊子，尽管居民们认为杀虫剂可能比这种疾病更危险)”可知，Dallas通过在空中喷洒杀虫剂来杀灭蚊子，从而抗击西尼罗河病毒。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Blametheweather.Anextremelymildwinterallowedmoremosquitoesthanusualtosurvive,whiletheunusuallyhightemperaturesinthatscorchingsummerfurtherincreasedtheirnumberbyspeedinguptheirlifecycle.(这全怪天气。一个极其温和的冬天让比平常更多的蚊子存活了下来，而在那个炎热的夏天不寻常的高温又通过加速它们的生命周期进一步增加了它们的数量)”可知，Dallas的疫情严重是因为温暖的冬天让更多蚊子幸存。故A选项“去年冬天的天气不像往常那么冷”是导致2012年美国Dallas受灾最严重的一个原因。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MostAmericansloveChinesefood.However,theChinesefoodservedinmostAmericanrestaurantsisverydifferentfromtheauthenticcuisineenjoyeddailybypeoplelivinginChina.___16___ThenmanyChineseimmigrantshadtroublelandingajobinAmerica.Tomakealiving,someofthemopenedrestaurants.Overtheseyears,ChinesecuisinehasbeenadaptedtoreflectWesterninfluences.___17___TheChinesefoodfoundinWesternrestaurantsismainlycookedthroughfrying.Manydishesarecookedusingvariousfryingmethods.However,traditionalChinesefoodisrarelycookedthroughfrying.Instead,methodssuchasbaking,steaming,boilingandfermenting(发酵)aremoremonlyused.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenauthenticandwesternizedChinesefoodistheingredientsused.___18___Someingredients—likecarrots,onionsandtomatoes—arenotoftenusedinauthenticChinesecooking.Inaddition,whileyoucanfindsomeWesterncuisinesthatusestrangemeats—likepigears—mostWesternculturesareprettyconservativeaboutthemeatstheyconsume.AuthenticChinesefood,incontrast,usesawidervarietyofproteinsources,includingtofu,snake,chickenfeet,duckbloodandmanymorethatWesternersgenerallywouldn’tchoosetoeat.___19___SweetandSourChicken,forexample,hasnoequivalent（同等物）intraditionalChinesecuisine.Similarly,thefortunecookieisapletelyAmericaninvention.Indeed,therearenumerousdifferencesbetweenauthenticandwesternizedChinesecuisine,butWesternpalates(味觉)adapttonewflavorseasily.___20___A.ThehistoryofwesternizedChinesefoodstartedinthemid1800s.B.WesternizedChinesefoodfeaturesvegetablesthataremoninWesterncuisines.C.TherearesomanyregionsofChina,andtheyallpreparetheirdishesalittlebitdifferently.D.SoitmayonlybeamatteroftimebeforeauthenticChinesefoodbeespopularinAmerica.E.ManyofthemostpopularChinesedishesintheWestarenotservedinChineserestaurantsatall.F.Deepfryingfoodisquick,whichiswhyyoucanusuallygetyourChinesefoodinjustafewminutes.G.OneofthemaindifferencesbetweenauthenticandwesternizedChinesefoodliesincookingmethods.【答案】16.A17.G18.B19.E20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。中国菜到了西方以后受到了西方的影响，文章介绍了西化的中国菜和传统中国菜的不同之处。【16题详解】根据空后的ThenmanyChineseimmigrantshadtroublelandingajobinAmerica.Tomakealiving,someofthemopenedrestaurants.Overtheseyears,ChinesecuisinehasbeenadaptedtoreflectWesterninfluences.（当时，许多中国移民在美国找不到工作。为了谋生，他们中的一些人开了餐馆。这些年来，中国菜已经适应了西方的影响）可知，A选项（西化的中国食物的历史始于19世纪中期）和下文内容相呼应，inthemid1800s和下文的then相呼应，westernizedChinesefood和Westerninfluences相呼应，故选A。【17题详解】根据下文的TheChinesefoodfoundinWesternrestaurantsismainlycookedthroughfrying.（西餐厅的中餐主要是油炸的）和traditionalChinesefood…Instead,methodssuchasbaking,steaming,boilingandfermenting(发酵)aremoremonlyused.（中国传统食物以烘烤、蒸、煮和发酵等方法更常用。）可知，G选项主要说明了正宗中国菜和西化中国菜的区别之一是烹饪方法。G选项可以承接下文，且根据下文的Anotherbigdifference和选项中Oneofthemaindifferences相呼应，故选G。【18题详解】根据下文的Someingredients—likecarrots,onionsandtomatoes—arenotoftenusedinauthenticChinesecooking.（一些配料，如胡萝卜、洋葱和西红柿，在正宗的中国菜中并不常用）可知，B选项中的vegetables和likecarrots,onionsandtomatoes相呼应，且语义（西化的中国菜以西餐中常见的蔬菜为特色）承接上下文，故选B。【19题详解】根据下文的SweetandSourChicken,forexample,hasnoequivalent（同等物）intraditionalChinesecuisine.（糖醋鸡在中国传统烹饪中就没有类似的食物）可知，E选项的语义（许多在西方最受欢迎的中国菜在中国餐馆里根本不存在）可以承接下文，且SweetandSourChicken和themostpopularChinesedishesintheWest相呼应，arenotserved和hasnoequivalent相呼应，故选E。【20题详解】根据前文的Indeed,therearenumerousdifferencesbetweenauthenticandwesternizedChinesecuisine,butWesternpalates(味觉)adapttonewflavorseasily.（的确，正宗的中国菜和西化的中国菜有很多不同之处，但是西方人的口味很容易适应新的口味）可知，D选项在语义（所以，正宗的中国菜在美国流行也许只是时间问题）上与前文是因果关系，故选D。【点睛】七选五常用的做题方法之一是单词复现法。这种复现法可以是同一个单词重复出现，也可以同源单词或者上下义单词的前后呼应，比如第3小题，就属于上下义单词的前后呼应，B选项中的vegetables和下文的likecarrots,onionsandtomatoes属于上下义单词，由此可以判断是B选项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DinoImpagliazzocutsonionslikeaprofessionalcook.TheItalianmanmakesagreatvegetablesoup,____21____mostofhislongtime“customers”can’t____22____payforapieceofbread.Workingwithamuchyoungerman,the90yearold,ImpagliazzoisknownasRom’s“chefofthe____23____.”Threedaysaweek,hesetsouttogather____24____withothervolunteers.TheyareallpartofRomAmoR(RomeLove),agroupthathestarted.The____25____gotomarketsandbakeriestocollect____26____food.Theotherfourdaysoftheweek,RomAmoRvolunteerscookfoodand____27____itindifferentplacesacrossthecity.SucheffortshelpImpagliazzo____28____hisdreamoffeedingthehomeless.Itall____29____15yearsagowhenahomelessmanataRometrainstationaskedimpagliazzoformoneytobuyasandwich.“Irealizedthatperhaps____30____buyingonesandwich,makingsomesandwichesforhimandforthefriendswhoweretherewouldbebetter,andthusbeganour____31____,”hesaid.Helaunched(开始从事)hisworkto____32____theneedywithotherretiredpeople.Nowtherearemorethan300volunteers,bothyoungandold.Impagliazzorecentlyreceiveda(n)____33____fromItalianPresident.Hewasrecognizedasa“heroofourtimes”.Henever____34____hisideawouldbeeso____35____.21.A.though B.but C.so D.when22.A.still B.either C.even D.yet23.A.poor B.old C.rich D.yet24.A.clothes B.children C.money D.food25.A.cooks B.friends C.volunteers D.managers26.A.frozen B.donated C.fast D.canned27.A.serve B.gather C.sell D.throw28.A.putforward B.seeto C.takeover D.liveout29.A.arrived B.predicted C.began D.appeared30.A.insteadof B.becauseof C.incaseof D.forlackof31.A.training B.adventure C.exploration D.research32.A.inspire B.protect C.feed D.save33.A.award B.permit C.cup D.menu34.A.promised B.agreed C.admitted D.dreamed35A.impressive B.lovable C.successful D.colorful【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一位意大利90岁高龄的老人DinoImpagliazzo给那些无家可归的人提供食物的爱心故事。【21题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：这位意大利男子做的蔬菜汤很棒，但是他的长期“客户”大部分甚至无法买一块面包。A.though尽管；B.but但是；C.so所以；D.when当。分析语境可知，此处but表示转折，意为“但是”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位意大利男子做的蔬菜汤很棒，但是他的长期“客户”大部分甚至无法买一块面包。A.still仍然；B.either也；C.yet还，尚；D.even甚至。由下文“hisdreamoffeedingthehomeless”可知DinoImpagliazzo的“顾客”，也就是他帮助的那些人都是无家可归或者境遇不好的人，此处even是说他的大多数常客甚至付不起一片面包的钱。even符合语境。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：90岁的Impagliazzo与比自己年轻得多的男人一起工作，被称为罗姆餐厅“穷人大厨”。A.poor贫穷的；B.old老的；C.rich富有的；D.young年轻的。根据下文“hisdreamoffeedingthehomeless”可知DinoImpagliazzo帮助的是无家可归之人，即“穷人”，所以他是“穷人的厨师”。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周三天，他开始与其他志愿者一起收集食物。A.clothes衣服；B.children儿童；C.money钱；D.food食物。由下文“Theotherfourdaysoftheweek,RomAmoRvolunteerscookfood”可知其他4天，志愿者们cookfood，所以此处应是指DinoImpagliazzo和其他的志愿者们收集食物。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物。A.cooks厨师；B.friends朋友；C.volunteers志愿者；D.managers经理。根据“Threedaysaweek,hesetsouttogatherwithothervolunteers.”可知，是志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物。A.frozen冷冻的；B.donated捐赠的；C.fast快速的；D.canned罐装的。此处表示志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物以烹饪给无家可归的穷人们。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他4天，RomAmoR的志愿者们自己做食物，然后在城市的不同地方分发食物。A.serve提供；B.gather收集；C.sell卖，售；D.throw扔。根据后文“hisdreamoffeedingthehomeless.”可知这些食物是提供给无家可归的人的。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些努力帮助Impagliazzo实现了为无家可归者提供食物的梦想。A.putforward提出；B.seeto负责；C.takeover接管；D.liveout实现。根据后文“hisdreamoffeedingthehomeless.”以及“Suchefforts”可知此处意为“实现梦想”。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于15年前，当时罗马火车站的一个无家可归的人向impagliazzo要钱来购买三明治。A.arrived到达；B.predicted预测；C.began开始；D.appeared出现。分析“15yearsago”可知，本句的主语it是指“这一切”，也就是Impagliazzo助人为乐这件事，是15年前开始的。故选C。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我意识到也许给他和那些在火车站朋友做三明治，而不是买一个要好得多。A.insteadof代替，而不是；B.becauseof因为；C.incaseof假如；防备；D.forlack因为缺少。根据前文“hisdreamoffeedingthehomeless.”可知他希望为无家可归的人做食物，因此此处是想为这些人做三明治而不是买三明治。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是就开始了我们的不同寻常的经历。A.training训练；B.adventure冒险经历；C.exploration探险；D.research研究。根据后文“Helaunched(开始从事)hisworktotheneedywithotherretiredpeople.”可知于是就开始了我们的不同寻常的经历。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和其他退休的人一起为那些穷人提供食物。A.inspire鼓舞，给……以灵感；B.protect保护；C.feed向……提供食物；D.save救，节省。根据上文“hisdreamoffeedingthehomeless.”可知他和其他退休的人一起为那些穷人提供食物。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Impagliazzo的事迹得到了人们和政府的认可，他最近收到了意大利总统颁的奖。A.award奖彰；B.permit许可；C.cup杯子；D.menu菜单。根据“fromItalianPresident.”可知，Impagliazzo的事迹得到了意大利总统的表彰。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从未梦想过，他的想法会成功。A.promised承诺；B.agreed同意；C.admitted承认；D.dreamed梦想。他从未梦想过，他的想法会成功。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他从未梦想过，他的想法会成功。A.impressive印象深刻的；B.lovable可爱的；C.successful成功的；D.colorful多彩的。根据上文“Nowtherearemorethan300volunteers,bothyoungandold.Hewasrecognizedasa“heroofourtimes”.”他本人没有想到会如此成功。故选C项。【点睛】第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheBenefitsofLearningbyInvolvementThereisnothinglikethepressureoftheclassroomtomakeyoufeelnervousandevenholdyouback.Learningbydoing,byparticipating,isveryeffective.Infact,it____36____(believe)thatourathleticskillsandlanguagelearningskillsarelocatedin____37____sameareaofthebrainandindeedthisishowchildrenlearn.Livingwithafamilymakesthelanguagefamiliar,literally____38____(bring)ithometoyou.Toreallyappreciateandunderstandanotherlanguageyouneed____39____(understand)itscultureandphilosophytheonlywaytodothatistoputyourselfinit.Itwillbeanadventu