国家开发大学理工英语4 -形考 7

Unit71—Ithinktheotherreasoncanbeidentifiedfromtheindustrializationoffoodproduction.—

.Someillegaltraderscareaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.A.ThatbothersmetooB.IsincerelyhopethatthewholesocietypaymuchmoreattentiontofoodsafetyC.Yes,youbet解析：本题考核表达赞同的交际用语。当第一说话人分析食品问题的原因时，听者可予以赞同或反对，所以答案是C。2—Sohowcanwebuysafefood?

—

.A.Thehighertheprice,thesaferthefoodB.WecanplantvegetablesandfruitsbyourselvesC.Whenwechoosefood,wemustremembertocheckitstag,confirmingwhetherthebasicinformationismarkedonit解析：第一说话人询问如何购买到安全食品，答语应提供方式或方法，所以答案是C。3—WhatisU.S’sexperienceinfoodsafetymanagement?—

.A.U.S.dobetterinthispointB.TheyareimprovingthelegalsystemallthetimeandverystrictinlawenforcementC.Someillegaltraderscareaboutnothingbutmakingmoney解析：第一说话人询问美国在食品安全方面的经验，答语应说明美国在这一方面是如何做的，所以答案是B。4.ModernMeadowisastartupthatengineerstissuestocreatelab-grown_____meat.A.edible

B.editable

C.edify译文：ModernMeadow是一家通过实验室培育可食用肉的新兴公司。解析：Edible表示“可食用的”，editable表示“可编辑的”，edify是动词，表示“开导,启发”。句词meat前面不能接动词，其它两个形容词只有选项A符合。5.Someillegaltraderscareaboutnothingbut

.A.tomakemoneyB.makingmoneyC.mademoney译文：一些非法生意人什么也不顾及，只顾赚钱。解析：Nothingbut后面可以接名词或代词，表示“仅仅，只不过”。答案应为B。6.—Sohowcanwebuysafefood?—

.A.Thehighertheprice,thesaferthefoodB.WecanplantvegetablesandfruitsbyourselvesC.Whenwechoosefood,wemustremembertocheckitstag,confirmingwhetherthebasicinformationismarkedonit解析：第一说话人询问如何购买到安全食品，答语应提供方式或方法，所以答案是C。7.—Doyoueatporridgeeveryday?—

.A.PorridgeismyfavoriteB.No,sometimesI’dhaveacupofsoybeanmilk,aboiledeggandasteamedbunformybreakfastC.Iseldomeatfastfoodbecauseit’srichinfat解析：本题考核描述饮食习惯的交际用语。当第一说话人以一般疑问句的形式询问听者的饮食习惯时，听者应先肯定或否定回答，再进一步描述自己的饮食习惯，所以答案是B。8.—Ithinktheotherreasoncanbeidentifiedfromtheindustrializationoffoodproduction.—

.Someillegaltraderscareaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.A.ThatbothersmetooB.IsincerelyhopethatthewholesocietypaymuchmoreattentiontofoodsafetyC.Yes,youbet解析：本题考核表达赞同的交际用语。当第一说话人分析食品问题的原因时，听者可予以赞同或反对，所以答案是C。9.Thetechnologyhasseveraladvantages

earlierattemptstoengineermeatinvitro.A.incomparisonof

B.incomparisonto

C.comparewith译文：与早期体外培植肉类的尝试相比，此技术有一些优势。解析：Incomparisonof，没有这种表达方式，incomparisonto表示“和…相比”，相当于comparedwith，故正确答案为B。10.Theproblemisunevendistribution,

870millionsufferingfromhunger.A.leftB.toleaveC.leaving译文：问题是分布不均，导致8.7亿人承受饥饿。解析：该句从句leave的逻辑主语是theproblem，它们之间是主动关系，应用leave的现在分词形式，分词短语在句中做结果状语。因此答案是C。11.—WhatisU.S’sexperienceinfoodsafetymanagement?—

.A.U.S.dobetterinthispointB.TheyareimprovingthelegalsystemallthetimeandverystrictinlawenforcementC.Someillegaltraderscareaboutnothingbutmakingmoney解析：第一说话人询问美国在食品安全方面的经验，答语应说明美国在这一方面是如何做的，所以答案是B。12.Animalfarming

abouthalfofallhuman-causedgreenhousegases.A.countfor

B.accountsfor

C.counton译文：畜牧业释放的温室气体占所有人类活动产生的温室气体的一半。解析：Countfor表示“有价值，有重要性”，accountsfor表示“（数量）占；共计达”，counton表示“依赖、依靠”。由句子中的意群“人类活动产生的温室气体的一半”可推断前面的动词词组应为accountsfor，所以答案是B。13.This,theyargue,willbeessentialtodecadestocomeandavoidingstarvation.

theneedsofaboomingpopulationinA.meet

B.meeting

C.met译文：他们声称，转基因食品能够满足未来几十年迅猛增长的人口需求，并能避免饥荒。解析：Essential的用法有：beessentialtosomething;beessentialforsomething;itisessentialtodosomething.因此，essential后面要接一个动名词，所以答案是B。二、阅读理解：阅读下面的短文，根据文章内容从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。（课外选材）Accordingtoexperts,theadvantageofmodifiedfoodisthatithelpsinpreventingtheoccurrenceofallergiesandalsohasalongshelflife.However,amajorportionofthepopulationisagainsttheconsumptionofgeneticallymodifiedfoodandisconcernedaboutitsdisadvantages.Ifyouarealsoconfusedabouttheconsumptionofgeneticallymodifiedfood,readthroughtheprosandconsgivenbelowanddecideforyourself.AdvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoods●Oneofthemostprominentadvantagesofgeneticallymodifiedfoodisthatithelpsincontrollingtheoccurrenceofcertaindiseases.Certainfoodscauseallergytopeople.TheirgeneticmodificationalterstheDNAsystemofthesefoods,therebymakingthemnon-allergic.●Anothermajoradvantageofsuchtypeoffoodsisthattheygrowfasterthantheirtraditionallygrowncounterparts.Asaresult,thereisgreaterproductivityandmorefood.●Apersonneednotbotheraboutanyadditionalcosts,suchasbuyingchemicalsandpesticides,whenitcomestogeneticallyengineeredfood.Thefoodisnaturallypest-resistant.●Farmingthesefoodscanbeagreatwaytofightworldhunger.Sincethesecropsgrowfasterormoreeffectively,increasedproductionwouldhelpcountrieswhereincropsmaynotnormallyprosperbecauseoflessthandesirableenvironmentalconditions.●Theincreasedshelflifeofthesefoodproductshelpsinreducingthequantityofrottenfood.DisadvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoods●Thebiggestdisadvantageofgeneticallymodifiedfoodisthattheyhaveharmfuleffectsonthehumanbody.Theconsumptionofthesegeneticallyengineeredfoodscanleadtodevelopmentofdiseasesthatareimmunetoantibiotics.●Chancesofdevelopingcancerarehighinpeoplewhoregularlyconsumeengineeredfood.●Sinceitisanunnaturalwayofproducingfoods,thereisanincreasedhealthhazardsuchasallergens,transferofantibioticresistancemarkersandunknowneffects.●Sincetheproductionofengineeredfoodinvolvesinfusinganimalgenesinthecropsandtamperingwithnature,itmightnotbegoodforconsumptioninthelongrun.1.Howdoesgeneticallymodifiedfoodcontroltheoccurrenceofcertaindiseases?A.Bycross-pollinating.B.Byconventionalcrossbreeding.C.ByalteringtheDNAsystemofthesefoods.2.Dofarmersneedtobuyanychemicalsandpesticidesiftheyplantgeneticallymodifiedfood?A.Yes,theyneedto.Becausethefoodisnotresisttopests.B.No,theydon’tneedto.Becausethefoodisnaturallypest-resistant.C.No,theydon’tneedto.Becausethechemicalsandpesticidesareprovidedbythegovernment.3.Whichstatementisnottheadvantageofgeneticallymodifiedfood?A.Itmayhaveharmfuleffectsonhumanbody.B.Geneticallymodifiedfoodgrowsfasterthantheirtraditionallygrowncounterparts.C.Farminggeneticallymodifiedfoodcanhelpfightworldhunger.4.Whatwouldhappentoapersonifheregularlyconsumegeneticallymodifiedfood?A.Hewouldgetcold.B.Hewouldlosesomeweight.C.Hewouldhavecancer.5.Whichtitleisthebestforthispassage?A.Cangeneticallymodifiedfoodscombatworldhunger?B.Geneticallymodifiedmood:ouranswerisnoC.Geneticallymodifiedfoods:prosandcons解析：1.这是细节理解题。有些食物能致人过敏，转基因通过改变这些食物的DNA体系，使它们不再具有过敏性。C2.这是细节理解题。农民不再需要购买杀虫剂，因为转基因作物能够抵御害虫，所以答案为B。3.这是综合判断题。综合转基因食品的好与坏，可判断A为本题答案。4.这是推理判断题。文中提到，转基因食品的弊端之一是有可能提高患癌症的机率，因此推断长期食用转基因食品的人有可能患患癌，所以选C。5.这是主旨大意题。这篇文章结构一目了然，主要讲了转基因食品的利与弊，所以答案是

C，其它两个标题都不全面。三阅读下面的短文，根据文章内容进行判断，正确写“T”错误写“F”。教材课文原文TheCompanyLeadingtheFutureofFarmingHere'sacrazyidea:Combinebioprintingandtissueengineeringto"print"animalproductsandtacklesomeoftheplanet'sbiggestproblems.Animalfarming,afterall,accountsforabouthalfofallhuman-causedgreenhousegases,takingplaceonone-thirdoftheavailable,non-frozenlandonEarth.Alltofeedpeople'sappetitesfor300milliontonsofmeatayear.ModernMeadowisaMissouri-basedstartupthatengineerstissuestocreatelab-grownediblemeat,inaprocessthateliminatesmanyofthenegativeenvironmenteffectsassociatedwithtraditionallivestockpractices.Thecompanyclaimsthatbycarefullylayeringmixturesofcellsofdifferenttypesinaspecificstructure,in-vitromeatproductionbecomesfeasible.It’ssetashort-termgoalofprintingasliverofmeataroundtwocentimetersbyonecentimeter,andlessthanhalfamillimeterthick,whichisedible.ThecompanyexplainsinasubmissiontotheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture:“Thetechnologyhasseveraladvantagesincomparisontoearlierattemptstoengineermeatinvitro.Thebio-inkparticlescanbereproduciblypreparedwithmixturesofcellsofdifferenttype.Printingensuresconsistentshape,whilepost-printingstructureformationandmaturationinthebioreactorfacilitatesconditioning.”However,itadmitsthattheroadaheadisstrewnwithdifficulties.“Theconsumeracceptanceofsuchproductsmaynotbewithoutchallenges.Weexpectitwillfirstappealtoculinaryearly-adopterconsumersandthesegmentofthevegetariancommunitythatrejectsmeatforethicalreasons.Withreductioninprice,itcanreachthemasseswithreligiousrestrictionsonmeatconsumption(peoplerestrictedtoHindu,Kosher,Halaldiets)andfinallypopulationswithlimitedaccesstosafemeatproduction.”Whateverthefinaloutcome,lab-grownediblemeatisnolongerintherealmofsciencefiction.Itiscoming.1.Animalfarmingisresponsiblefortheoccurrenceofgreenhousegases.回答2.ModernMeadowisanewly-startedbusinesswhichaimstomakeprofitsbyproducinglab-grownediblemeat.回答3.ThemethodModernMeadowadoptedtoproducein-virtomeatisbylayeringmixturesofcellsofdifferenttypesinaspecificstructure.回答4.Thereisnomeatengineeredoutsidelivingbodiesbefore.回答5.Thislab-grownmeathasalreadywidelyreceivedbythemasses.回答解析：1.第一段第二句话提到，畜牧业释放的温室气体占所有人类活动产生的温室气体的一半，换言之，畜牧业是温室气体产生的原因之一，所以选T。2.第二段中提到，ModernMeadow是一家通过实验室生产肉食品的新兴企业，这种肉类生产过程能够避免许多传统畜牧业的对环境的负面影响。本题题干中提到，ModernMeadow生产该肉食品的目的是为谋利，这种说法是不正确的，所以选F。3.第三段第一句提到，通过在某一特殊结构中将不同类型细胞的混合体按片层状整合到一起，体外肉类培植有望成形，所以选T。4.第四段第一句话提到，该公司在呈交给美国农业部的一份报告中解释到：与早期体外培植肉类的尝试相比，此技术有一些优势。从这里我们可以推断出，之前已有人进行过体外肉类培植。所以选择F。5.第五段第一句提到，该公司承认前路困难重重，接着提到该产品在顾客接受度上面临挑战，很明显，该产品目前还未得到人们的广泛认可，所以选F。三、阅读理解：阅读下面的短文，根据文章内容从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。（教材课文原文）回答A.ByB.InC.Until2050,theworld'spopulation回答A.projectedB.isprojectedC.hasbeenprojectedtoriseto9billionfromjustover7billioncurrently.Proponentsofgeneticallymodifiedfoodssaytheyaresafeandcanboostharvests回答A.