Simple简单句主谓宾主系知识点梳理汇总

Simple简单句主谓宾主系表：有且只有一个动词。Compound复合句S1关系代词+S2Ilikethechocolatebox.JLCgavemeagiftofchocolatebox.=IlikethechocolateboxthatJLCgavemewhichisagift.Complex长难句=复合句+简单句+逻辑+方位+时间定语有从属关系-有粘连性（dependant）1.that关系代词连接从句2.carrycarried过去式WornBear主动Bore过去式boybornin2003过去分词bearing进行式mothercarrying3kidsinherarms.Evergreen,,is…插入语省略因为不是主干。状语两个句子独立成句。四大条件状语从句时间状语从句【adverbialclauseoftime】Ineedtogoat10.Ineedtogowhenyouvisit.常用引导词：When,while,as,after,before,assoonas,since,till2、原因状语从句【adverbialclauseofcause】常用引导词：because,since,as,forIneedtogoasIneedtogotothetoilet.Ineedtogonowthatyouwantme.IneedtogointhatIdon’tfeelsogood.Ineedtogoconsideringthat/seeingthatI’mrunninglate.特殊引导词：seeingthat,nowthat既然,inthat因为(表解释),consideringthat（考虑到）reasoningthat=because3、条件状语从句【adverbialclauseofcondition】常用引导词：if,unless特殊引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat=if,supposingthat=if,incasethat,onconditionthatIwillgiveyou100,ifyouworkhard.=unlessyouworkhardIwon’tgiveyou.Iwillofferyousomeaidincasethatyouaresick.4、让步状语从句【adverbialclauseofconcession】常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough特殊引导词：as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装），while（一般用在句首），nomatter…,inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whicheverAlmostallboyslikecarsinspiteofthattherearesomethatlikesscience.Allboyslikecarswhilesomelikescience.Havingsaidthat,(我虽这么说)Almostallboyslikecars,havingsaidthat,someofthemlikesscience.词汇题目的：上下文理解考点：同义词替换（不等于近义词-特定语境相同意思）方法：1.词根词缀+Collocation2.固定搭配：动宾搭配=装书包不能说猜书包3.从句上下句暗示（that,-xx-,xxx,插入语{括号里}）指代1.代词做主语-指代前面一句话主语。（两段）代词主语指代前一句话主句中的名词主语2．所有格指代前面位置上的名词3.thisprocessthatcirculation–就近原则（倒着数）-看主干找结论句(优先目的句)andthat,andto…andtoprovide,thisspurred。Inorderto.句子插入（一个自然段只要没有重大转折，每句话都是为了TStopicsentence中心句服务，他们之间-link像锁链逻辑不能断。）1.（用指代做）2.用结构做eg一个假说。。，另一个假说。。，一种气候。。。，另一种天气下。。。3.逻辑暗示有先后顺序Eg-repressRE-away去掉相反句子简化题Requirements“EssentialInformation”核心信息Whatdoes“EssentialInformation”mean?题目要求核心信息不变，那么这四个部分都不能变。MainFocus修辞主体不变(AismorethanBvsBislessthanA)Range范围不变LevelofExpression程度不变（大小，强弱，多少）quitegood挺好不等于verygood很好CausalRelations逻辑关系不变3.程度关系标志词常见副词：Much很,very90很,rather相当得,so,this/that(=so)很,too太,quite挺,perfectly,enough挺,extremely,entirely100,almost,slightly20%,fairly30,alot/bit/little7-80,afew3-10/few0可数,alittle多/little不可数少,far90,byfar,even,nearly95,pretty挺,as,fully100,absolutely100,barely%5=0,completely100,hardly%5,just%5,only%5,really80,scarcely%5

时间和频度副词:now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,lately,next,last,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever从始至终,doyoueverplaybasketball?Doyoueversellworkmadebystudent.never,yet,soon,too,immediately,hardly,finally,shortly,before,ago,sometimes,yesterday.4.托福常见逻辑关系★Manyecologistsnowthinkthattherelativelong-termstabilityofclimaxcommunitiescomesnotfromdiversitybutfromthe"patchiness"oftheenvironment,anenvironmentthatvariesfromplacetoplacesupportsmorekindsoforganismsthananenvironmentthatisuniform.Alocalpopulationthatgoesextinctisquicklyreplacedbyimmigrantsfromadjacent

community.Ecologistsnowthinkthatthestabilityofanenvironmentisaresultofdiversityratherthanpatchiness.Patchyenvironmentsthatvaryfromplacetoplacedonotoftenhavehighspeciesdiversity.xUniformenvironmentscannotbeclimaxcommunitiesbecausetheydonotsupportasmanytypesoforganismsaspatchyenvironments.修辞主体不变Apatchyenvironmentisthoughttoincreasestabilitybecauseitisabletosupportawidevarietyoforganisms.逻辑关系1因果既然(nowthat）你已经掌握了这种方法，我就不解释了。连词：inthat,nowthat..逻辑关系2转折常见标志词：But,yet,however,instead,ratherthan,eventhough,although,whereas,while(有时并列)*三种特殊情况承接上句。所以，很无奈，丑小鸭飞过篱笆逃走了。有一次，他遇到了一只猎狗但是那只猎狗只是闻闻他，并没有把他抓住。Ais..but，Bisnot..A爱学习，B不爱学习=A比B爱学习BecauseAis..,Balthough..,is...(插入语）因为A不去，B即使想去，也不去了。逻辑关系3比较与并列原句是比较级，选项也要比较级。A..andB..,可以只保留B分句，找细节。总结1:做题原则1、看原句是否有逻辑关系2、原句有逻辑关系，看选项，保留逻辑关系选项，去除无逻辑关系选项3、半句的话，采用细节对比总结2:错误答案主干变动或丢失新信息（胡编乱造）新逻辑关系推理题1.一般特征对比（原文同义替换）2.集合概念推理非农人口增加。推理：农村人口上升3.