2023年新高考英语压轴题训练 12 阅读理解CD篇语法填空读后续写（解析版）

压轴题12

阅读理解CD篇+语法填空+读后续写

（时间:60分钟满分：60分）

第一节（共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分）

A

（2023•山东泰安•统考一模）Howcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayinganything?Thisisaquestion

thatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcan

translateusers,brainwavesintodailyspeech.

PreviouslyJheteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedan

Al-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant'sbrainwaves.The

participantwasaparalyzed（瘫痪的）manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes（电极）underhisskull.

AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslate

thoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.

Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfromal,I52-wordvocabularyata

speedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent."Itshowsstrongpromisefor

restoringcommunicationbytappingintothebrain,snaturalspeechmachinery,,,Changsaidtotheuniversity's

newswebsite.

However,thismethodcanstillbeproblematicsinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.Scientistsatthe

UniversityofTexas,US,havetriedtotranslatepeople,sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLive

Science.

ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI,orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging（功能性磁共振成像）.It，sa

saferwayofςςreading,,brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscan

translatebrainactivity.

Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyuseda

computeralgorithm（算法）tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.

Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteam

aimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces（脑机接口）designedfor

peoplewhocannotspeakortype.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinPara2?

A.Itwasimplantedintoaman,sheart.

B,Itcanhelprestorepatients,lostmemory.

C.Itwasdevelopedthroughcooperation.

D.Itcanidentifyabout50rarelyusedwords.

2.HowdoesfMRΓςread,,people,sminds?

A.Bytrackingtheiractivebraincells.

B.Byputtingelectrodesintotheirbrains.

C.Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.

D.Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.

3.WhyisfMRIchosencomparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestory?

A.It,scheaper.B.It,smoreaccurate.C.It,ssmallerinsize.D.It,ssafer.

4.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.

B,Itcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces.

C.Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants9minds.

D.Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款基于人工智能系统的升级设备，研究人员用该设备可以将

人类脑电波转换成11常语言。

I.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,San

Francisco,developedanAl-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedonthe

participant'sbrainwaves.TheparticipantwasaParaIyZed（瘫痪的）manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16

electrodes（电极）underhisskull.（此前，加州大学旧金山分校的爱德华•张（EdWardChang）领导的团队开发了

一种基于人工智能的系统，可以根据参与者的脑电波识别多达50个常用单词。参与者是一名瘫痪的男子，

他的头骨下被植入了16个电极。）”可知，该设备是由EdWardChang领导的团队开发出来的，是通过合作

发展起来的•故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscan

TansIatebrainactiVity.（活跃的脑细胞有更多的氧气。通过追踪这些细胞，科学家可以翻译大脑活动。）“可

知，fMRI是通过追踪活跃的脑细胞去读懂人们的思想的。故选A项。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第六段“ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI,orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging,

ɪfsasaferwayof''reading"brainactivity.（这项新技术被称为fMRI,或功能性磁共振成像。这是一种更安全

的“阅读”大脑活动的方式。）“可知，该设备比之前的设备更加安全。故选D项。

4.推理判断题。根据文章最后两段“Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm（算法）tocreateastorybasedonthe

fMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.（然后他们使用计算机算法根据IMRI的记录创建了一

个故事。它和参与者们听得广播节目很匹配。）”以及“Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofa

silentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.（此外，该算法基本上可以解释参与者观看的无声电影的故事。）The

teamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfacesdesignedforpeoplewho

cannotspeakOrIyPe.（该团队的目标是开发这项技术，以便将其用于为不能说话或打字的人设计的脑机接

口。）”可知，它可以用于脑机接口。故选B项。

B

（2023•山东泰安•统考一模）Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbe

becausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivity

was71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billionin

salaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone.

Manymeetingsoccurwithoutaspecificreason.Anothermotiveformeetingsiswhatsomescholarscallthe

MereUrgencyeffect,inwhichweengageintasks-suchasameetingwhereeachpersonreciteswhatthey,re

workingon,whetherothersneedthatinformationornot-tohelpusfeellikeWeareaccomplishingsomething

actual.

Buttherealproblemwithmeetingsisnotlackofproductivity—it,sunhappiness.Whenmeetingsarea

wasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.Thus,fora

largepopulation,eliminatingmeetings-oratleastminimizingthem-isoneofthemoststraightforwardways

toincreasewell-being.

Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobably

experiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven,taccomplishedmuch.Second,people

tendtoengagein“surfaceacting”（fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate）duringworkmeetings.Finally,

researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbythe

participants.IfyouareaskingyourselfζςςWhyamIhere?^^youarenotlikelytothinkthatthemeetingisagood

useofyourtime—whichisobviouslybadforyourworksatisfaction.

Takentogether,theresearchonmeetingsshowsthatifyouwanttobehappieratwork（orwantyour

employeestobehappier）,youshouldfightagainstthetime-consuming,unproductivemeetingsatevery

opportunity.Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.They

arenecessaιyasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenot

irreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.

5.WhydoestheauthormentionthesurveyinParaΓ?

A.Toexplainthesurvey.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofmeeting.D.Tostatethedisadvantageofmeeting.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“eliminating"underlinedinPara3?

A.Reducing.B.Hosting.C.Increasing.D.Avoiding.

7.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinPara4?

A.Howtoincreasepeople,sjobsatisfaction.

B.Theimportanceandnecessityofminimizingmeetings.

C.WhyexcessiveandunproductivemeetingsIowerjobsatisfaction.

D.Activeinvolvementbytheparticipantsindicatesmeetingeffectiveness.

8.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Workmeetings-Anecessaryevil

B.Workmeetings-Theless,thebetter

C.Workmeetings—Themore,thebetter

D.Workmeetings-Excessiveandunproductive

【答案】5.B6.D7.C8.B

【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为很多工作会议是在浪费时间，影响工作效率。关于会议的研究表明，

如果你想在工作中更快乐或想让你的员工更快乐，你应该利用一切机会反对耗时、低效的会议。

5.推理判断题。根据第一段“Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecause

mostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivitywas71

percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalary

hoursayearintheU.S.ak>ne.（许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工

作。•项对76家公司的调查发现，当会议减少40%时，工作效率会提高71%。仅在美国，不必要的会议

每年就浪费370亿美元的付薪时间）”可推断，作者是用这个调查数据去引出并支持文章的主题句：Many

peoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfrom

workingwello故选B项。

6.词句猜测题。根据划线词上.一句“Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjob

satisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.（当会议被视为浪费时间时，工作满意度就会下降。当」二作满

意度下降时，幸福感也普遍下降广可知，浪费时间的工作会议会降低员工的工作满足感，从而又降低了幸

福感，工作时心情不好，工作效率也会降低。结合下一句"...oratleastminimizingthem一isoneofthemost

straightforwardwaystoincreasewell-being.（或者至少把会议减到最少-是提高幸福感最直接的方法之

-）,,o由此推断，“eliminating”应该是“取消，避免”，浪费时间没什么意义的工作会议就别开了，与“avoiding”

意思相近。故选D项。

7.主旨大意题C根据第四段首句“Nobodyhkesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.（没有人喜欢过多和没有

成效的会议）“可知人们不喜欢过多的低效的会议，下文“First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhave

probablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven,taccomplishedmuch.Second,

peopletendtoengagein'isurfaceacting,,（fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate）duringworkmeetings.

Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbythe

PartiCiPan6（首先，它们通常会增加疲劳。你可能经历过一天的会议，会议结束后你筋疲力尽，没有完成

多少。其次，人们在工作会议上倾向于“表面表现”（假装被认为合适的情绪）。最后，研究人员发现，会议

有效性的最强预测因素是参与者的积极参与）”介绍了三个原因解释这样的会议会降低工作满足感，所以本

段主要讲的是为什么过多和低效的会议会降低工作满意度。故选C项。

8.主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段"Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbe

becausemostmeetingske叩employeesfromworkingWelI.（许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为

大多数会议会影响员工的工作）”及最后一段“Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbe

thattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,butthey

areevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivity

andh叩PineSS.（如果有一条关于工作会议的规则需耍记住，那就是会议是必要之恶。它们是必要的，因为

组织需要它们进行适当的沟通，但它们是邪恶的，因为它们不是不可替代的，因此为了生产力和幸福，应

该尽可能少使用户可知，作者认为很多工作会议是浪费时间，会降低工作效率，并建议越少越好。所以“Work

meetings-Theless,thebetter.（工作会议---越少越好）''是文章最佳标题。故选B项。

第二节（共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分）

（2023春•四川成都・高三石室中学校考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词

的正确形式。

Withjustover600days9（go）untiltheopeningofthenextOlympicandParalympicGames,the

officialmascotsofParis2024—thePhryges_10（reveal）onNovember14th2022.

Thetwomascotsshareamottoof44Alonewego11（fast）,buttogetherwegofurther,∖andthe

OlympicPhiygeisdescribedas“atactician（谋士）withacalculating,mathematicalbrain"，whiletheParalympic

Phiygeis''spontaneousandfullofenergyand12（enthusiastic）”.Themascots,13（base）on

Phtygiancaps,areasymbolofrevolutionandfreedom.It,saniconseenovercenturies,14theNotre

DameCathedraltotheEifTelTOWer."TheyaremascotswhoembodytheFrenchspirit.Theyareidealsthatcarry

thevaluesofourcountιy,apartofourhistory15asingularpointofviewontheworld,,,saidJulie

Matikhine,thebrandmanageroftheParis2024Games.BoththeOlympicPhrygeandParalympicPhrygeareona

missiontostartarevolutioninsport,showingtheworldthatsportcanchangeeverythingand16it

deserves17prominentplaceinoursociety.Theywillworkeverydaytopromotechangethroughsport,

includinginourlives,health,andrelationshipswithothersandwithnature.Theyarealreadytraining18

(tireless)tobringthegreatestnumberofpeoplepossiblealongwiththemontheGamesjourney.

【答案】9.togo10.wererevealed11.faster12.enthusiasm13.based14.from

15.and16.that17.a18.tirelessly

【导语】本文是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍了巴黎2024年奥运会和残奥会于2022年11月14日公布了“弗

里热(ThePhrygeS)”作为官方吉祥物。

9.考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年11月14日，距离下届奥运会和残奥会开幕只有600多天的时间，2024

年巴黎奥运会的官方吉祥物"Phryges”揭晓。设空处为非谓语动词，和With构成复合结构，根据后文“2024”

可知本空表示将来。故填togo。

10.考查时态语态。句意:同上。根据后文“onNovember14th2022”可知用一般过去时态;表示“被揭示"

用被动语态；主语mascots为复数，故填wererevealed0

ɪɪ.考查副词比较级。句意：两个吉祥物的格言都是“一个人走得更快，但是大家一起走得更远”，奥运会

吉祥物被描述为“一个拥有精于计算和数学头脑的战术家”,而残奥会吉祥物则是“自发的，充满活力和热情

根据后文“further”和句意可知用比较级。故填faster。

12.考查名词。句意：同上。此处用enthusiastic的名词形式与energy并列作islullof的宾语。故填enthusiasm(.

13.考查非谓语动词。句意：吉祥物以弗里吉亚帽子为原型，象征着革命和自由。设空处为非谓语动词，

短语bebasedon意为”以...为根据“，因此此处用过去分词结构“basedOn”作定语。故填based,

14.考查介词。句意：从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔，几个世纪以来，它都是一个标志性建筑。固定搭配“from...

to../*,意为“从……到……”，符合句意。故填from。

15.考查连词。句意：这些理想承教着我们国家的价值观，是我们历史的一部分，也是我们看待世界的独

特视角，“巴黎2024年奥运会的品牌经理朱莉•马蒂凯因(JUliematikine)说。分析可知,thevaluesofourcountry,

apartofourhistory和asingularpointofview为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。

16.考查宾语从句。句意：奥运会和残奥会的使命都是开启一场体育革命，向世界展示体育可以改变一切，

它应该在我们的社会中占有突出的地位。分析可知设空连接宾语从句，和前面的that从句为并列的宾语从

句，第二个引导词that不能省略。故填that。

17.考查冠词。句意：同上。此处泛指“一个重要的位置'’且prominent以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。

故填a。

18.考查副词。句意：他们已经在不知疲倦地训练，以便在奥运之旅中为尽可能多的人提供服务。此处用

副词tirelessly修饰谓语动词aretraining,表示“不知疲倦地故填tirelesslyo

第三节（共25分）

19∙（2023∙湖北•华中师大一附中校考二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之

构成一篇完整的短文。

TheboysandgirlspickedupthebustoFortLauderdale.Vingowasonboardfromthebeginning.

AsthebuspassedthroughJersey,theybegantonoticethatVingonevermoved.Hesatinfrontoftheyoung

people,frozenintosilence.

SomewhereoutsideofWashington,thebuspulledintoaHowardJohnson,s,andeverybodygotoffexcept

Vingo.Hesatrootedinhisseat,andtheyoungpeoplebegantowonderabouthim,tryingtoimaginehislife.

Whentheywentbacktothebus,thegirlsatbesidehimandintroducedherself.

“Wantsomewine?”shesaid.Hesmiledandtookthebottle.Hethankedherandretreatedagainintosilence.

Afterawhile,shewentbacktotheothers,asVingonoddedintosleep.

InthemorningtheyawokeoutsideanotherHowardJohnson,s,andthistimeVingowentin.Thegirlinsisted

thathejointhem.Whentheywentbackonthebus,thegirlsatwithVingoagain,afterawhile,slowlyand

painfullyandwithgreathesitation,hebegantotellhisstory.HehadbeeninjailinNewYorkforthelastfour

years,andnowhewasgoinghome.

“WhenIwasinjailIwrotetomywifeJhesaid."Itoldher,Iunderstandifyoucan,tstaymarriedtome,get

anewguyandforgetaboutme.Andshedidn,twritetome.Notforthreeandahalfyears.”

tςAndyou,regoinghomenow,notknowing?”

44Yeah,,,hesaidshyly.ςςLastweek,Iwroteher.Itoldherthatifshehadanewguy,Iunder-stood.Butifshe

didn,t,ifshewouldtakemebacksheshouldletmeknow.WeusedtoliveinBrunswick,withagreatbigoaktree.

Itoldherifshewouldtakemeback,sheshouldputayellowhandkerchiefonthetree,andIwouldgetoffand

comehome.Ifshedidn,twantme,forgetit,nohandkerchief,andΓdkeepgoingon.”

“Wow,"thegirlsaid.“Wow.”

Shetoldtheothers,andsoonallofthemwereinit,caughtupintheapproachofBrunswick,lookingatthe

picturesVingoshowedthemofhiswifeandthreechildren.

注意：1∙续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式作答。

Paragraph1NowtheyweretwentymilesfromBrunswick.

Paragraph2Thensuddenlyalloftheyoungpeoplewereupoutoftheirseats.

【答案】NowtheyweretwentymilesfromBrunswick.Andtheyoungpeopletookoverwindowseatsontheright

side,waitingfortheapproachofthegreatoaktree.Vingostoppedlooking,tighteninghisfaceintotheex-con,s

mask,asiffortifyinghimselfagainststillanotherdisappointment.Thenitwastenmiles,andthenfive.Thebus

acquiredadarkhushedmood,fullofsilence,ofabsence,oflostyears,ofthewoman,splainface,ofthesudden

letteronthebr