新教材英语人教版选择性课时作业23Unit5WorkingtheLandDiscoverUsefulStructures

Ⅰ.阅读理解SkyscrapersarethesymbolofUrbanlife.Citypeopleareusedtoseeingtallbuildingsandapartments.Farms，ontheotherhand，areassociatedwithrural(农村的)life.However，thereareexpertswhothinkskyscrapersshouldbeefarmstomeettheincreasingfoodneeds.Bythemiddleofthiscentury,somescientistssuggest，almost80%oftheearth'spopulationcouldliveincities.Inaddition，thepopulationcouldincreaseto9.1billionpeopleduringthattimeyettheamountoflandavailableforfarmingwillbethesame.Ifcurrentfarmingpracticesdon'tchange，wewillneedanareaofnewlandtoproduceenoughfoodfortheplanet.Verticalfarms,whereurbanfarmerscouldgrowcropsinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.Inspiteofconcernsoverhighcosts,expertswanttomakeitarealityandusetheseskyscraperstogrowcrops.Verticalfarmswouldhavemanyadvantages,supporterssay.Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingcouldbefreeofchemicalsanddiseases.Besides,cropswouldnotsufferfromproblemslikeflooding.Finally，verticalfarmswouldreducethecostandnegativeeffectsoftransportingfoodoverlongdistances.Somearguethatalthoughcropsgrowinginatallglassbuildingwouldgetnaturalsunlightduringtheday，itwouldn'tbeenough.Forthisreason，verticalfarmswouldneedadditionallightsources(来源),suchasartificiallight.Anotherwayofgrowingfreshfoodistobuildurbanfarmsonrooftops.Thismorepracticalapproachmaybemoreachievablethantheideaoffarmsinskyscrapers,researcherssuggest.Expertsagreethatinnovative(革新的)farmingpracticesareneededtosupporttheneedformorefoodataffordablecosts,bothtothefarmerandtotheconsumer，butthebestideascouldbeyettoe.本文属于说明文，为了解决日益增长的食物需求，专家介绍了两种在高楼大厦可以发展的农业，垂直农业和屋顶农场。1．Whatprimaryproblemcouldverticalfarmingsettle?A．Poorstateofrurallife.B．Shortageoffoodsupply.C．Highcostfortransportingcrops.D．Environmentalpollutionbytransitionalfarming.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Verticalfarms,whereurbanfarmerscouldgrowcropsinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.可知，发展垂直农业可能是解决食物紧缺的方法，故选B。2．Whatistheadvantageofverticalfarming?A．Itcanproduceorganicfood.B．Itrequireslittlecare.C．Itcanbenefittransportindustry.D．Itneedsverylowcost.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingcouldbefreeofchemicalsanddiseases.可知，垂直农业不受化学物品和病虫害的影响，故可以生产有机食品，故选A。3．Whatisabigchallengetomakeverticalfarmingareality?A．Farmableland. B．Cropdiseases.C．Lightsources. D．Climateconditions.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Somearguethatalthoughcropsgrowinginatallglassbuildingwouldgetnaturalsunlightduringtheday，itwouldn'tbeenough.可知，垂直农业最大的问题就是光线不够，需要额外的光源，故选C。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetest?A．FutureFoodNeeds B．SymbolofUrbanLifeC．FarmingonRooftops D．FarmsoftheFuture答案：D解析：标题归纳题。为了解决日益增长的食物需求，专家介绍了两种在高楼大厦可以发展的农业，垂直农业和屋顶农场，故主要介绍未来的农业类型，故选D。Ⅱ.七选五HowtoPassFinalExamsIfyou'reastudent,examsareanimportantpartnotonlyofanyclass,butalsoyourfinalgrade.Preparingthroughoutthesemesteristhemosteffectivewaytodowellonyourfinalexams.__1__However,therearethingsyoucandotohelpyoupassyourexams.Attendclassregularly.Youcannotsuccessfullypassaclassorexamsifyoudonotattendtheclass.Thiswillallowyoutohearimportantlecturesandtakenotes.Italsohelpsyouunderstandyourreadingsandassignments.__2__Teachersusuallydiscusswhatisonanexamduringclasses.Ifyouaren'tinclass,youcan'tgetthisimportantinformation.Startstudyingearly.__3__Amonthbeforethetestdateisagoodtimetobeginyourpreparations.Youcanstudysimplybyreviewingyournotesfor20—30minutesaday.Ifyouhavequestions,asktheteacher.__4__Practiceexamsareahighlyeffectivewaytostudyfortests.Theywillhelpyourelaxandpointoutanyweakareasyoumayhavegoingintothefinalexamdate.Ifyoutestyourselfjusttwice,youwillremember75%—80%ofthematerialtwoweekslater.Withnopracticetests,thatfigureisjust20%.Reduceyouranxiety.Youwouldn'thaveanxietyifyouweren'tworriedaboutpassingyourfinalexam.However,researchshowsthatanxietyblocksyourabilitytofocus,whichcanreallyputadamper(抑制)onyourstudyingandtestperformance.__5__A．Doapracticeexam.B．Understandhowyoucanstudybest.C．Everyindividuallearnsdifferently.D．Mostexamsarebasedonwhathappensinclass.E．Itisnevertooearlytostartstudyingforafinalexam.F．Basically,there'sjustnoshortcutforknowingthematerial.G．Trysomerelaxationtechniqueswhenyou'refeelingworried.本文属于说明文，主要描述了几个可以帮你通过期末考试的建议。1．F解析：根据上文Preparingthroughoutthesemesteristhemosteffectivewaytodowellonyourfinalexams.(准备整个学期是在期末考试中取得好成绩的最有效的方法。)可知要想取得好成绩是没有捷径的。故F选项符合语境。2．D解析：根据下文Teachersusuallydiscusswhatisonanexamduringclasses.Ifyouaren'tinclass,youcan'tgetthisimportantinformation.(老师通常在课堂上讨论考试内容。如果你不上课，你就得不到这个重要的信息。)可知大多数考试都是基于课堂上发生的事情。故选D。3．E解析：根据下文Amonthbeforethetestdateisagoodtimetobeginyourpreparations.(考试前一个月是开始准备的好时候。)以及本段小标题Startstudyingearly.(早点开始学习。)可知是强调为期末考试开始学习永远不嫌早。故选E。4．A解析：根据下文Practiceexamsareahighlyeffectivewaytostudyfortests.(练习测验是一种非常有效的备考方法。)中practiceexam可对应到A选项中Doapracticeexam.(做一个练习测验)。故选A。5．G解析：根据上文However,researchshowsthatanxietyblocksyourabilitytofocus,whichcanreallyputadamper(抑制)onyourstudyingandtestperformance.(然而，研究表明，焦虑会阻碍你集中注意力，这真的会给你的学习和考试表现带来负面影响。)可知感到担忧时应该学会放松。故选G。Ⅲ.语法填空InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso­called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,__1__Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight__2__(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsobinevarioushardwoodsandmetal__3__(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,__4__(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,__5__thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich__6__(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，__7__livedfromroughly551to479BC,influencedthe__8__(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand__9__(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat__10__theirhands.本文是说明文。文章主要从筷子使用的范围，制作筷子的方式和方法，筷子使用的历史及其发展等几方面来展开论述的。1．and解析：考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家，它们是并列关