实用IT英语（第4版） 课件 Unit 5 ComputerProgramming

ComputerProgrammingUnit5实用IT英语（第4版）INFORMATIONCommunicationsTECHNOLOGYInthisunit,wearefocusingonthefollowingissues.programminglanguage;cross-platform;programmer;compiler;function;variable;instruction;human-readable;machine-readable;object_x0002_orientedprogramming(OOP)OutlineThebasicsofCprogramming.Object-orientedprogramminganditsfeatures.PythonProgrammingLanguage.Tipsonhowtowriteprogramsingoodstyle.Personalitiesofagreatprogrammer.ProfessionalTerminologyDialogue:HowtoChoosetheRightProgrammingLanguagetoStudySection

2ReadingTextA:TheBasicsofCProgrammingTextB:Object-OrientedProgrammingTextC:PythonProgrammingLanguageOccupationalTips:TipsonGoodProgrammingStyleClassActivities:Discussionon10TraitsofaGoodProgrammerCONTENTSSection

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4Dialogue:HowtoChoosetheRightProgrammingLanguagetoStudy01Directions:Readthefollowingdialogueinpairsandtalkabouttheprogramminglanguages.Situation:Situation:Jessiewantstobeaprogrammer,sosheasksherfriendTomtogivehersomeadviceonhowtochoosetherightprogramminglanguagetostudy.Tom:Soyouarelookingintobecomingaprogrammer?Wheredoyoustart?Jessie:IthinkIamwelleducatedinmathsandamabletostandsittinginfrontofthecomputerforhours.WhatIneedtodonowisjusttolearnsomeprogrammingknowledge.Tom:It’snotassimpleasclickingabuttonthatwillcreateyourveryownprogram.Whenitcomestoprogrammingforthecomputer,thereareabunchofcomputerprogramminglanguagesoutthere.Jessie:IheardthatthethreemostusedprogramminglanguagesoutthereareC++,C#,andJava.Thesethreearetheindustrystandardasofnow.However,thestandardscanchange.HowshallIdealwithit?Dialogue:HowtoChoosetheRightProgrammingLanguagetoStudy01Tom:Well,Idon’tthinkthestandardswillchangegreatly.Jessie:Whatarethedifferencesbetweenthesethreelanguages?Tom:TheoldestofallthreeprogramminglanguagesisC++.C++hasbeenaroundforover20yearsanditisusedmostbythecomputerprogrammingindustry.C++islikedbymanybecauseitoffersallthefeaturesafullobject-orientedprogramminglanguagelikejavaoffers,whilelettingyouchoosewhetheryouwanttoprograminanobject-orientedmanner.Jessie:HowaboutC#?Tom:ThenewestprogramminglanguageoutthereisC#.C#isaprogramminglanguagecreatedbyMicrosoft.ItcanbesummedupasamixbetweenC++andJava.Itisgettingmorepopularastimegoeson.Jessie:I’veheardalotofpeopleareusingJava.WhataboutJava?Tom:Javaisagreatprogramminglanguagejustbecauseithasonefeaturethatneitheroftheothershas.ItcanbeusedthroughaWebbrowseraswell.Thishasearneditalotoffame.AnothergreatthingaboutJavaisthatitiscross-platform.Jessie:Whatdoyoumeanbycross-platform?Dialogue:HowtoChoosetheRightProgrammingLanguagetoStudy01Tom:ItmeansthatapieceofcodewritteninWindowscanbetakenandcompiledunderanotheroperatingsystemsuchasLinuxorApple.Jessie:ItseemsJavawouldbemychoice.Notesprogrammer01clickindustrystandardfeatureobject-oriented02030405面向对象程序员点击行业标准功能Webbrowsercross-platform0607跨平台网页浏览器compile08编译

Dialogue:HowtoChoosetheRightProgrammingLanguagetoStudySection

2ReadingTextA:TheBasicsofCProgrammingTextB:Object-OrientedProgrammingTextC:PythonProgrammingLanguageOccupationalTips:TipsonGoodProgrammingStyleClassActivities:Discussionon10TraitsofaGoodProgrammerCONTENTSSection

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4TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01IntroductiontotheBasicsofCProgrammingTheCprogramminglanguageisapopularandwidelyusedprogramminglanguageforcreatingcomputerprograms.ProgrammersaroundtheworldembraceCbecauseitgivesmaximumcontrolandefficiencytotheprogrammer.Ifyouareaprogrammerorifyouareinterestedinbecomingaprogrammer,thereareacoupleofbenefitsyougainfromlearningC.Youwillbeabletoreadandwritecodeforalargenumberofplatforms—everythingfrommicrocontrollerstothemostadvancedscientificsystemscanbewritteninC,andmanymodernoperatingsystemsarewritteninC.Thejumptotheobject-orientedC++languagebecomesmucheasier.C++isanextensionofC,anditisnearlyimpossibletolearnC++withoutlearningCfirst.TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01WhatisCCisacomputerprogramminglanguage.ThatmeansthatyoucanuseCtocreatelistsofinstructionsforacomputertofollow.Cisoneofthousandsofprogramminglanguagescurrentlyinuse.Chasbeenaroundforseveraldecadesandhaswonwidespreadacceptancebecauseitgivesprogrammersmaximumcontrolandefficiency.Cisaneasylanguagetolearn.Itisabitmorecrypticinitsstylethansomeotherlanguages,butyougetbeyondthatfairlyquickly.Ciswhatiscalledacompiledlanguage.ThismeansthatonceyouwriteyourCprogram,youmustrunitthroughaCcompilertoturnyourprogramintoanexecutablethatthecomputercanrun(execute).TheCprogramisthehuman-readableform,whiletheexecutablethatcomesoutofthecompileristhemachine-readableandexecutableform.WhatthismeansisthattowriteandrunaCprogram,youmusthaveaccesstoaCcompiler.IfyouareusingaUNIXmachine(forexample,ifyouarewritingCGIscriptsinConyourhost’sUNIXcomputerorifyouareastudentworkingonalab’sUNIXmachine),theCcompilerisavailableforfree.Itiscalledeither“cc”or“gcc”andisavailableonthecommandline.Ifyouareastudent,thentheschoolwilllikelyprovideyouwithacompiler—findoutwhattheschoolisusingandlearnaboutit.IfyouareworkingathomeonaWindowsmachine,youaregoingtoneedtodownloadafreeCcompilerorpurchaseacommercialcompiler.AwidelyusedcommercialcompilerisMicrosoft’sVisualC++environment(itcompilesbothCandC++programs).Unfortunately,thisprogramcostsseveralhundreddollars.TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01Ifyoudonothavehundredsofdollarstospendonacommercialcompiler,thenyoucanuseoneofthefreecompilersavailableontheWeb.TheSimplestCProgramLet’sstartwiththesimplestpossibleCprogramanduseitbothtounderstandthebasicsofCandtheCcompilationprocess.Typethefollowingprogramintoastandardtexteditor(vioremacsonUNIX,NotepadonWindowsorTeachTextonaMacintosh).Thensavetheprogramtoafilenamedsamp.c.Ifyouleaveoff.c,youwillprobablygetsomesortoferrorwhenyoucompileit,somakesureyourememberthe.c.Also,makesurethatyoureditordoesnotautomaticallyappendsomeextracharacters(suchas.txt)tothenameofthefile.Here’sthefirstprogram.#include<stdio.h>intmain(){printf("Thisisoutputfrommyfirstprogram!\n");return0;}TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01Whenexecuted,thisprograminstructsthecomputertoprintouttheline“Thisisoutputfrommyfirstprogram!”thentheprogramquits.Youcan’tgetmuchsimplerthanthat!Tocompilethiscode,takethefollowingsteps.OnaUNIXmachine,typegccsamp.c-osamp(ifgccdoesnotwork,trycc).ThislineinvokestheCcompilercalledgcc,asksittocompilesamp.candasksittoplacetheexecutablefileitcreatesunderthenamesamp.Toruntheprogram,typesamp(or,onsomeUNIXmachines,./samp).OnaDOSorWindowsmachineusingDJGPP,atanMS-DOSprompttypegccsamp.c-osamp.exe.ThislineinvokestheCcompilercalledgcc,asksittocompilesamp.candasksittoplacetheexecutablefileitcreatesunderthenamesamp.exe.Toruntheprogram,typesamp.Ifyouareworkingwithsomeothercompilerordevelopmentsystem,readandfollowthedirectionsforthecompileryouareusingtocompileandexecutetheprogram.Youshouldseetheoutput“Thisisoutputfrommyfirstprogram!”whenyouruntheprogram.Hereiswhathappenedwhenyoucompiledtheprogram.Ifyoumistypetheprogram,iteitherwillnotcompileoritwillnotrun.Iftheprogramdoesnotcompileordoesnotruncorrectly,edititagainandseewhereyouwentwronginyourtyping.Fixtheerrorandtryagain.TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01Let’swalkthroughthisprogramandstarttoseewhatthedifferentlinesaredoing.ThisCprogramstartswith#include<stdio.h>.Thislineincludesthe“standardI/Olibrary”intoyourprogram.ThestandardI/Olibraryletsyoureadinputfromthekeyboard(called“standardin”),writeoutputtothescreen(called“standardout”),processtextfilesstoredonthedisk,andsoon.Itisanextremelyusefullibrary.Chasalargenumberofstandardlibrarieslikestdio,includingstring,timeandmathlibraries.Alibraryissimplyapackageofcodethatsomeoneelsehaswrittentomakeyourlifeeasier.Thelineintmain()declaresthemainfunction.EveryCprogrammusthaveafunctionnamedmainsomewhereinthecode.Atruntime,programexecutionstartsatthefirstlineofthemainfunction.InC,the{and}symbolsmarkthebeginningandendofablockofcode.Inthiscase,theblockofcodemakingupthemainfunctioncontainstwolines.TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01TheprintfstatementinCallowsyoutosendoutputtostandardout(forus,thescreen).Theportioninquotesiscalledtheformatstringanddescribeshowthedataistobeformattedwhenprinted.Theformatstringcancontainstringliteralssuchas“Thisisoutputfrommyfirstprogram!”,symbolsforcarriagereturns(\n),andoperatorsasplaceholdersforvariables.IfyouareusingUNIX,youcantypeman3printftogetcompletedocumentationfortheprintffunction.Ifnot,seethedocumentationincludedwithyourcompilerfordetailsabouttheprintffunction.Thereturn0;linecausesthefunctiontoreturnanerrorcodeof0(noerror)totheshellthatstartedexecution.NewWords&Expressionsprogramming01programmer02n.硬件n.显示器；监视器0304embraceefficiencyv.抓住（机会等）；欣然接受（提议等）n.效率；效能；功效TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01microcontroller05instruction06n.微型控制器n.指令1314libraryfunctionn.程序库n.函数cryptic07compiler08adj.神秘的；隐藏的n.编译器1516carriagereturnoperator回车；换行字符n.操作符executable09commandline10n.可执行的；实行的命令行；指令行1718placeholdervariablen.位置标志符n.变量append11invoke12v.附加v.调用19shelln.壳，UNIX操作系统中的一部分，是使用者与系统的界面TextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01Ⅰ.Fillintheblankswiththerightwords.Exercisescompiledcompilercontrolefficiencyexecutablehuman-readableinstructions

machine-readableprogrammersprogrammingCisacomputer____________language.ThatmeansthatyoucanuseCtocreatelistsof________foracomputertofollow.Cisoneofthousandsofprogramminglanguagescurrentlyinuse.Chasbeenaroundforseveraldecadesandhaswonwidespreadacceptancebecauseitgives________maximum________and________.Ciswhatiscalleda________language.ThismeansthatonceyouwriteyourCprogram,youmustrunitthroughaC________toturnyourprogramintoan________thatthecomputercanrun.TheCprogramisthe_______________form,whiletheexecutablethatcomesoutofthecompileristhe________________andexecutableform.WhatthismeansisthattowriteandrunaCprogram,youmusthaveaccesstoaCcompiler.programminginstructionsprogrammersefficiencycompiledcontrolcompilerexecutablehuman-readablemachine-readableTextA:TheBasicsofCProgramming01Ⅱ.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.Exercises()1.BothCandC++areobject-orientedlanguages.()2.AwidelyusedCcompilerisMicrosoft’sVisualC++environment,anditisfreetodownload.()3.AstandardtexteditorforonWindowsoperatingsystemisTextpad.()4.Alibraryisapackageofcodethatsomeoneelsehaswrittenforotherprogrammerstousebysimplyincludingthemintotheircode.()5.EveryCprogrammusthaveafunctionnamedmainatthebeginninginthecodebecauseprogramexecutionstartsfromthemainfunction.FFFTFTextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01Object-Orientedprogramming(OOP)isaprogrammingparadigmthatuses“objects”——datastructuresconsistingofdatafieldsandmethods,andtheirinteractionstodesignapplicationsandcomputerprograms.Programmingtechniquesmayincludefeaturessuchasinformationhiding,dataabstraction,encapsulation,modularity,polymorphism,andinheritance.ManymodernprogramminglanguagesnowsupportOOP,suchasC++,Java,andPython.AsurveybyDeborahJ.Armstrongofnearly40yearsofcomputingliteratureidentifiedanumberof“quarks”,orfundamentalconcepts,foundinthestrongmajorityofdefinitionsofOOP.Theyarethefollowing.ClassDefinestheabstractcharacteristicsofathing(object),includingthething’scharacteristics(itsattributes,fieldsorproperties)andthething’sbehaviors(thethingsitcando,ormethods,operationsorfeatures).Onemightsaythataclassisablueprintorfactorythatdescribesthenatureofsomething.Forexample,theclassDogwouldconsistoftraitssharedbyalldogs,suchasbreedandfurcolor(characteristics),andtheabilitytobarkandsit(behaviors).Classesprovidemodularityandstructureinanobject-orientedcomputerprogram.Thecodeforaclassshouldberelativelyself-contained(generallyusingencapsulation).Collectively,thepropertiesandmethodsdefinedbyaclassarecalledmembers.TextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01ObjectApattern(exemplar)ofaclass.TheclassofDog(Figure5-1)definesallpossibledogsbylistingthecharacteristicsandbehaviorstheycanhave;theobjectLassieisoneparticulardog,withparticularversionsofthecharacteristics.ADoghasfur;Lassiehasbrown-and-whitefur.Figure5-1TheClassofDogTextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01InstanceOnecanhaveaninstanceofaclassoraparticularobject.Theinstanceistheactualobjectcreatedatruntime.Inprogrammerjargon,theLassieobjectisaninstanceoftheDogclass.Thesetofvaluesoftheattributesofaparticularobjectiscalleditsstate.Theobjectconsistsofstateandthebehaviorthat’sdefinedintheobject’sclass.MethodAnobject’sabilities.Inlanguage,methods(sometimesreferredtoas“functions”)areverbs.Lassie,beingaDog,hastheabilitytobark.Sobark()isoneofLassie’smethods.Shemayhaveothermethodsaswell,forexamplesit()oreat()orwalk()orsaveTimmy().Withintheprogram,usingamethodusuallyaffectsonlyoneparticularobject;allDogscanbark,butyouneedonlyoneparticulardogtodothebarking.Messagepassing“Theprocessbywhichanobjectsendsdatatoanotherobjectoraskstheotherobjecttoinvokeamethod.”Alsoknowntosomeprogramminglanguagesasinterfacing.Forexample,theobjectcalledBreedermaytelltheLassieobjecttositbypassinga“sit”messagewhichinvokesLassie’s“sit”method.TextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01Inheritance“Subclasses”aremorespecializedversionsofaclass,whichinheritattributesandbehaviorsfromtheirparentclasses,andcanintroducetheirown.Forexample,theclassDogmighthavesub-classescalledCollie,Chihuahua,andGoldenRetriever.Inthiscase,LassiewouldbeaninstanceoftheColliesubclass.SupposetheDogclassdefinesamethodcalledbark()andapropertycalledfurColor.Eachofitssub-classes(Collie,Chihuahua,andGoldenRetriever)willinheritthesemembers,meaningthattheprogrammeronlyneedstowritethecodeforthemonce.Eachsubclasscanalteritsinheritedtraits.Forexample,theCollieclassmightspecifythatthedefaultfurColorforacollieisbrown-and-white.TheChihuahuasubclassmightspecifythatthebark()methodproducesahighpitchbydefault.Subclassescanalsoaddnewmembers.TheChihuahuasubclasscouldaddamethodcalledtremble().Soanindividualchihuahuainstancewoulduseahigh-pitchedbark()fromtheChihuahuasubclass,whichinturninheritedtheusualbark()fromDog.Thechihuahuaobjectwouldalsohavethetremble()method,butLassiewouldnot,becausesheisaCollie,notaChihuahua.Infact,inheritanceisan“a...isa”relationshipbetweenclasses,whileinstantiationisan“isa”relationshipbetweenanobjectandaclass:aCollieisaDog(“a...isa”),butLassieisaCollie(“isa”).Thus,theobjectnamedLassiehasthemethodsfrombothclassesCollieandDog.TextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01AbstractionAbstractionissimplifyingcomplexrealitybymodelingclassesappropriatetotheproblem,andworkingatthemostappropriatelevelofinheritanceforagivenaspectoftheproblem.Forexample,LassietheDogmaybetreatedasaDogmuchofthetime,aColliewhennecessarytoaccessCollie-specificattributesorbehaviors,andasanAnimal(perhapstheparentclassofDog)whencountingTimmy’spets.AbstractionisalsoachievedthroughComposition.Forexample,aclassCarwouldbemadeupofanEngine,Gearbox,Steeringobjects,andmanymorecomponents.TobuildtheCarclass,onedoesnotneedtoknowhowthedifferentcomponentsworkinternally,butonlyhowtointerfacewiththem,i.e.,sendmessagestothem,receivemessagesfromthem,andperhapsmakethedifferentobjectscomposingtheclassinteractwitheachother.EncapsulationEncapsulationconcealsthefunctionaldetailsofaclassfromobjectsthatsendmessagestoit.Forexample,theDogclasshasabark()method.Thecodeforthebark()methoddefinesexactlyhowabarkhappens(e.g.,byinhale()andthenexhale(),ataparticularpitchandvolume).TextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01Timmy,Lassie’sfriend,however,doesnotneedtoknowexactlyhowshebarks.Encapsulationisachievedbyspecifyingwhichclassesmayusethemembersofanobject.Theresultisthateachobjectexposestoanyclassacertaininterface—thosemembersaccessibletothatclass.Thereasonforencapsulationistopreventclientsofaninterfacefromdependingonthosepartsoftheimplementationthatarelikelytochangeinthefuture,therebyallowingthosechangestobemademoreeasily,thatis,withoutchangestoclients.Forexample,aninterfacecanensurethatpuppiescanonlybeaddedtoanobjectoftheclassDogbycodeinthatclass.Membersareoftenspecifiedaspublic,protectedorprivate,determiningwhethertheyareavailabletoallclasses,sub-classesoronlythedefiningclass.(Subtype)polymorphismPolymorphismallowstheprogrammertotreatderivedclassmembersjustliketheirparentclass’members.Moreprecisely,Polymorphisminobject-orientedprogrammingistheabilityofobjectsbelongingtodifferentdatatypestorespondtomethodcallsofmethodsofthesamename,eachoneaccordingtoanappropriatetype-specificbehavior.IfaDogiscommandedtospeak(),thismayelicitabark().However,ifaPig<code>iscommandedto<code>speak(),thismayelicitanoink().Theybothinheritspeak()fromAnimal,buttheirderivedclassmethodsoverridethemethodsoftheparentclass;thisisOverridingPolymorphism.TextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01DecouplingDecouplingallowsfortheseparationofobjectinteractionsfromclassesandinheritanceintodistinctlayersofabstraction.Acommonuseofdecouplingistopolymorphicallydecoupletheencapsulation,whichisthepracticeofusingreusablecodetopreventdiscretecodemodulesfrominteractingwitheachother.NewWords&Expressionsobject-orientedprogramming(OOP)01class02面向对象编程n.类12decouplingn.退耦；解耦；去耦；脱离object03instance04n.对象n.实例0607messagepassinginheritance消息传递n.继承0809abstractionencapsulation消息传递n.继承1011subtypepolymorphism消息传递n.继承05methodn.方法TextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01Ⅰ.Fillintheblankswiththerightwords.Exercisesabstraction class encapsulation inherit instance method messagemethods overriding polymorphism objectThe________Dogwouldconsistoftraitssharedbyalldogs,suchasbreedandfurcolor,andtheabilitytobarkandsit.The________Lassieisoneparticulardog,withparticularversionsofthecharacteristics.ADoghasfur;Lassiehasbrown-and-whitefur.Lassieobjectisan________ofDog.Lassie,beingaDog,hastheabilitytobark.Sobark()isoneofLassie’s________.TheobjectcalledBreedermaytelltheLassietositbypassinga“sit”________whichinvokesLassie’s“sit”________.SupposetheDogclassdefinesamethodcalledbark()andapropertycalledfurColor.Eachofitssub-classes(Collie,Chihuahua,andGoldenRetriever)will________thesemembers,meaningthattheprogrammeronlyneedstowritethecodeforthemonce.classobjectinstancemethodsmessagemethodinheritTextB:Object-OrientedProgramming01ExercisesLassietheDogmaybetreatedasaDogmuchofthetime,itiscalled________.Forexample,theDogclasshasabark()method.Thecodeforthebark()methoddefinesexactlyhowabarkhappens.Timmy,Lassie’sfriend,however,doesnotneedtoknowexactlyhowshebarks.________isachievedbyspecifyingwhichclassesmayusethemembersofanobject.IfaDogiscommandedtospeak(),thismayelicitabark().However,ifaPigiscommandedtospeak(),thismayelicitanoink().Theybothinheritspeak()fromAnimal,buttheirderivedclassmethodsoverridethemethodsoftheparentclass;thisis____________________.Ⅱ.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.()1.Object-orientedprogrammingiscommonlyusedinmainstreamsoftwareapplicationdevelopmentsincetheearly1990s.()2.Theconceptsofobjectandinstancearethesame.()3.Aclassdefinestheabstractcharacteristicsofakindofthing,includingitspropertiesandmethods.()4.Instantiationisan“isa”relationshipbetweenclasses,whileinheritanceisan“a…isa”relationshipbetweenanobjectandaclass.()5.Topreventdiscretecodemodulesfrominteractingwitheachother,codeisforbiddentobereused.TFTTFabstractionEncapsulationoverridingpolymorphismTextC:PythonProgrammingLanguage01PythonIntroductionPythonisahighlevellanguage.Itisobject-oriented,interpreted,dynamic,multipurposelanguage.Althoughitisverysimpletolearnbutitisverypowerfulandversatilescriptinglanguage.Itsapproachtoobject-orientedprogrammingissimplebutveryeffective.Itisanideallanguageforscriptingandrapidapplicationdevelopmentinmanyareasonmanyplatforms,duetoitssyntaxanddynamictypingaswellasitsinterpretednature.Inthisarticlethebasicconceptsandfeaturesofpythonlanguageandsystemwillbeintroducedrespectively.PythonisnotmadetoworkonlywithaspecialareasuchasWebprogramming.ItcanbeusedwithWeb,enterprise,3DCAD/CAM,etc.ThereisalsoaremarkablebenefitofPythonwhichmustbementionedthatitdoesn’thavecompilationstepsoitisfasterthanothers.ItalsomakesdevelopmentanddebuggingfastinPython.TextC:PythonProgrammingLanguage01PythonCharacteristicsInterpreted:Pythoniscalledinterpretedbecauseitisprocessedatrun-timebytheinterpreterandthereisnoneedtocompiletheprogrambeforeexecutingit.PythonhasmuchsimilaritywithPERRLandPHP.Interactive:Itisknownasinteractivelanguagebecauseitfacilitateyoutodirectlyinteractwithinterpretertowriteprograms.Object-oriented:ItsupportsOOPsconceptandencapsulatecodeswithobjects,soitisknownasObject-oriented.Bestforbeginners:Itisveryeasytolearnandsupportsthedevelopmentofawiderangeofapplication,soitisalwaysrecommendedfornewbeginnersinprogramming.TextC:PythonProgrammingLanguage01HistorybehindPythonThatwere1980s,intheNationalResearchInstituteofmathematicsandcomputerscienceintheNetherlands,GuidovanRossumcreatedPython.ThislanguageisinfluencedbymanylanguageslikeABC,Modula-3,C,C++,Algol-68,Unixshellandmanyotherscriptinglanguages.Itwasdevelopedinlate1980sandimplementedin1989byGuidovanRossum.Sincethen,ithasbecomeverypopularamongdevelopersandprogramminglanguageanalystsduetoitscleansyntaxproductivity.ABCprogramminglanguageiscalledpredecessorofPythonlanguagewhichiswellknownforitsexceptionhandlingcapabilityandinterfacingwithAmoebaOperatingSystem.Note:ABCimpactedthemostinfluenceonPython.PythoniscopyrightedandmaintainedbyacoreteamundertheguidanceofGuidovanRossum.GuidovanRossum:CreatorofPythonTextC:PythonProgrammingLanguage01Whyisitsopopular?Itisoneofthemostpopularprogramminglanguagestoday.Atpresenttime,inUSA,itisthemostpopularlanguage,eightoutoftenCSdepartmentsand27oftop39teachPythoninintroductoryCScourse.Thereasonbehinditspopularitycanbedefinedas:Itisveryeasytolearn,soalwaysrecommendedforbeginners.Ithasveryfewkey_x0002_words,simplestructureandaclearsyntaxascomparisontootherlanguages.Itisveryeasytouseandunderstandthislanguage.Itscodesareclearlydefinedandvisibletousers.Python’ssourcecodeisveryeasytomaintainandthatisthereasonbehinditssuccess.Itisaportablelanguage.Itcanrunonmultipleplatformsandhasthesameinterfaceonallplatforms.Itprovidesinterfacestoallmajorcommercialdatabases.GuidovanRossum:CreatorofPythonTextC:PythonProgrammingLanguage01Ithasabroadstandardlibrary.Itisitsgreateststrengththatithasaportable,ross_x0002_platformlibrary.Itisamulti-paradigmprogramminglanguagewhichisthebestoneinallofothers,havingthesamequality.ApplicationswritteninPythonTherearesomanyapplicationswritteninPython.•3DCAD/CAM•Audio/Videoapplications•Consoleapplications•Enterprisesapplications•Imageapplications•Fileformats•Internetapplications•Mobileapplications•Officeapplications•ScienceandEducationalapplications•SoftwareDevelopment•SystemAdministrativeApplications脚本语言n.句法；语法网络编程n.［计］编译n.排除错误（程序的）；排除故障（机器的）面向对象编程（Object-OrientedProgramming）TextC:PythonProgrammingLanguage01Python:Inthefuture:Ifyouseetheprogramminglanguageshistoryofrecentyears,yo