河北省唐山市2023年高一上学期《英语》期末试卷与参考答案

河北省唐山市2023年高一上学期《英语》期末试卷与参考答案第一部分：听力第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapetshop. B.Inahotel. C.Inagarden.答案：A2.Whatisthemaneatingnow?A.Bread. B.Cakes. C.Biscuits.答案：C3.Whatwillthemando?A.Seeadoctor. B.Visitapatient. C.SaveUnclePeter.答案：B4.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Confused. B.Disappointed. C.Excited.答案：C5.Whydoesthewomanhavetowait?A.Itistherushhour. B.Theweatherisbad. C.Anaccidenthashappened.答案：C第二节：请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthehouse?A.Expensive. B.Convenient. C.Comfortable.7.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortherenteachmonth?A.$720. B.$790. C.$800.答案：6.B7.A听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?ASchoolmates. B.Teammates. C.Workmates.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisatranslator. B.Sheisacollegestudent. C.Sheisabusinesswoman.10.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.LearnFrench. B.Findnewinterest. C.Treatherheadache.答案：8.A9.B10.A听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatkindofflightwillthemantake?A.Amorningflight. B.Anafternoonflight. C.Aneveningflight.12.Whatflightclassdoesthemanchoose?A.Firstclass. B.Businessclass. C.Economyclass.13.Howdoesthemanpayfortheticket?A.Incash. B.Bycard. C.Withamobilewallet.答案：11.C12.C13.B听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WherewillthewomanspendthisChristmas?A.InHawaii. B.InLondon. C.InLosAngeles.15.WhatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodoatChristmas?A.Sharehisinterests.B.Gettogetherwithhisfriends.C.Travelabroadwithhisparents.16.WhatwillGracegetthisyear?A.Buildingblocks. B.ABarbiedoll. C.Ateddybear.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Holidayplans. B.Giftexchanges. C.Familyrelationships.答案：14.A15.C16.C17.A听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Organizingarescue. B.Reportingadisaster. C.Conductinganinterview.19.Whyistherescueworkratherdifficult?A.Novolunteerscometohelp.B.Theroadsarebadlydamaged.C.Therearenotenoughaidworkers.20.WhathasPakistanreceivedfromtheUN?A.Funds. B.Shelters. C.Foodsupplies.答案：18.B19.B20.A第二部分：阅读第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIranafterthetrain,shouting,butitwashopeless,asthetrainwouldneverslowdownfora60-year-oldmanwhogottothestationminuteslate.Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofalifetime.Ithrewmyartcasedowninfrustration(沮丧).Isatdownonthebench,breathingheavily.Itwasthefirsttimein40yearsthatanyonehadshownsuchaninterestinmyart.PierreGianniwastheownerofthemostfamousgallery(画廊)inNewYorkCity.Whywouldhewanttogiveasecondchancetoanelderlynobody?Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenmypainting,hewouldhavechangedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.Cometothinkofit,perhapsthesefeelingscouldexplainwhyIhadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.Theinterviewwasthechanceresultofmygranddaughtermentioningmyarttothegalleryowner.Shehadnoneofmyuncertaintiesandfear,andshetalkedproudlyaboutmypaintingssomuchthatcuriosityhadgottenhimtocometome.Hesawaphotoshehadtakenonhercellphone.Itwasoneofmyearlierpieces,mostofwhichweregivenasgiftstofamilymembersonvariousgatherings.ItwasallIthoughtmypaintingswereworthyof.WhatifInevergotanotherchancetoshowwhatIcoulddo?Fulloffrustration,Ipickedupmyartcaseandbegantowalkhome.WhenIarrivedatmyhouse,IsawaBenzinmydriveway.Tomysurprise,amangotoutofitandwalkedinmydirection,holdingouthishandforanintroductoryshake.“PeterWoods?”Inodded,stillconfused.“Whenyoudidn’tshowupforourinterviewtoday,Iwasconcernedforyourhealthanddecidedtocometoseeyouinstead.ItwouldbeapitytomissoutonthenextPicasso,wouldn’tit?”Sixmonthslater,thechancetookmetomyownshow,whichattractedmanyexcitedvisitors.21.Whatkindofpersonwastheauthor?A.Self-doubtful. B.Narrow-minded.C.Confident. D.Proud.22.Whatdidtheauthoralwaysdoonvariousgatherings?A.Hetalkedabouthiscuriosity.B.Hetookphotoswithhisfamily.C.Heboughtgiftsforhisgranddaughter.D.Hegaveawayhispaintingstohisfamily.23.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AWonderfulShow B.AnExcitingInterviewC.ASpecialChance D.AnEffortlessSuccess答案：21.A22.D23.CBFormorethan100millionyearsseaturtles(海龟)havecoveredhugedistancesacrosstheworld’soceans,makingthemamongtheoldestcreaturesontheplanet.However,theyareonthelistofendangeredspecies.Differentfromsomeanimalslikesnakes,thesexofthebabyseaturtles,calledhatchlings,isdeterminedbytheenvironmentafterfertilization(受精).Thetemperatureoftheeggsduringacertainperiodofdevelopmentisthedecidingfactorindeterminingsex,andsmallchangesintemperaturecancauseverybigchangesinthesexratio(比例).Often,eggsatlowtemperatures(22—27℃)producemales,whileeggsathighertemperatures(30℃andabove)producefemales.Attemperaturesinbetween,bothsexeswillbeproduced.Iftemperaturereaches36℃,nohatchlingswillbeproduced.Climatechangehasapowerfuleffectonturtlenesting(筑巢)sites.Itchangessandtemperatures,whichthenaffectsthesexofthehatchlings.Scientistshavefoundthatunusuallywarmtemperaturescausedbyclimatechangeareupsettingthenormalratios,resultinginfewermalehatchlings.ThepastfourhottestsummersinFloridahaveseenonlyfemaleseaturtles.AndanAustralianstudyhasshownasimilareffectinwhich99%ofthehatchlingsarefemale.Inadditiontorisingtemperatures,turtlesarealsofacingthethreatoftoomuchplasticintheoceans,alongwithanumberofotherthreats.“Plasticpollutionisaproblemforturtlesastheycanmistakeplasticsforfoodeasily.Evenasinglepieceofplasticcankillaturtle,”DrCouper,workingattheQueenslandMuseum,said.“Wehavecollectedsomeplasticstakenfromturtles’stomachstoshowpeoplewhatkindsofthingsareshowinguponbeaches.Iwantittobeaneyeopener.”24.Whichtemperatureisgoodforabalancedsexratioofturtlehatchlings?A.26℃. B.29℃. C.31℃. D.36℃.25.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Seaturtleswillbuildtheirnestingsiteselsewhere.B.Globalwarmingisanextremethreattoseaturtles.C.ClimatechangeismuchmoreobviousinAustralia.D.Over90%oftheturtlehatchlingsarefemaleglobally.26.WhatdoesDr.Couperintendtosay?A.Turtlesdonothaveenoughfoodsources.B.Turtlesdonothaveagoodsenseofsmell.C.Peopleshouldcleanupbeachesmoreoften.D.Peopleshouldraiseenvironmentalawareness.答案：24.B25.B26.DCMostofushavetoldalieatonetimeoranother.Someliesareharmful.Othersaremostlyharmless.Stillotherliesmayevenbecreatedwiththebestofintentions.Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutellittakesagreatdealofbrainpowertokeepyourliecovered.Peopleliefordifferentreasons.Sometimestheydoittomakethemselveslookbetter.Sometimestheylietogetoutoftrouble.Someliesarewell-intended,whichscientistscall“prosociallies”.Maybeyoutellyourparentsthatyoulovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyourbirthday(eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone).That’saprosociallie.Whenyoutellthetruth,yourbraindoesn’thavetodoanythingunusual.Lyingtakesmuchmorework.Forexample,whenyouarelateforclass,youtellaliethatyouhavetostopbythelibraryandpickupabook.Yourteachermayasktoseethebookorevenaskyoutoreadit.Thismayresultinaseries(系列)oflies,causingalotofbrainworkdoneintheprefrontalcortex(前额皮层).It’sthepartinchargeofworkingmemory.Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile.Whenyouuseself-controltokeepfromtellingthetruth,thispartcomesintoplay.Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortexhasahardertimedoingothertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudyschedule.Kid’sprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresources(资源)theretobeginwith.Thatiswhyresearchersfeelit’simportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycansafelytellevenpainfultruthsaboutthemselves.“Nearlyallculturesvaluehonesty,”Talwarsays.And,sheadds,“Therearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreateaculturethatstrengthensthevalueofhonesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraisethemfortellingthetruth.”27.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphintendtotellus?A.Lyingstealsbrainpower.B.Harmlessliesarewelcome.C.Trustisnowheretobeseen.D.Manyliesarewellintended.28.Whatdowelearnaboutprosociallies?A.Theybringtellersalotoffun.B.Theygettellersoutoftrouble.C.Theymakereceiversfeelgood.D.Theyleadreceiverstoadeepthinking.29.Whyshouldkidstelltruthstodependablepeopleaccordingtoresearchers?A.Tomakethemfeelsafe.B.Toimprovetheircontrol.CToguidetheirstudyschedule.D.Tofreeuptheirworkingmemory.30.WhatdoesTalwarsuggesttostrengthenthevalueofhonesty?A.Makingpeoplesufferfromtellinglies.B.Givingpeoplepraiseforbeinghonest.C.Helpingpeopletoleadacreativelife.D.Askingpeopletolearndifferentcultures.答案：27.A28.C29.D30.B第二节：阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mathattitudeaffectsmathachievement,anewstudyfinds.Itsuggeststhatdevelopingapositive,can-doattitudeaboutmathcanhelpstudentsmasterthesubject.Theresearcherssurveyedthestudentsonmathandthencomparedtheirreportedfeelingsaboutmathtotheirgrades.____31____Howkidsfeelaboutthesubjectinoneyearisrelatedtotheirmathgradesthenext.Thosewhohavegottenpoorgradesfeelbadlyaboutmath.Andthosewhohavedarkemotionsdopoorly.____32____Butthecycledoesn’thavetobenegative(消极).Whiledarkfeelings,suchasfearandanger,mayberelatedtopoorgrades,thatrelationbetweenfeelingsandgradesworkstheotherway,too.Goodfeelingsaboutmath—takingprideinmathachievementandenjoyingmathclass—alsocontributetobettergrades.It’sanexcellentstudyforteachingandlearning.Teachingmathisn’tjustaboutnumbersandmathematicalrules.____33____Dotheytakestepstothemwithcuriosityorfear?Teacherscanhelpbyteachingmathematicalrulesclearly,ofcourse.Buttheyalsocanhelpbygradingstudentsbasedonhowmuchtheyimproveovertime,whichgivesstudentsasenseofachievement.____34____Thismeansmorethanjustdoingtheirhomework.Insteadofimaginingthatupsettingresultwillcontinue,studentscanlookatwhytheyaren’tsucceeding.Maybetheydidn’tstudyenough.Maybetheyneedanewstudystrategy.____35____A.Studentsneedtodotheirpart,too.B.Theydropmathassoonastheycan.C.Howstudentsfeelaboutthemisalsoveryimportant.D.Sopoormathgradesresultinbadfeelingsaboutmath.E.Emotionshavearealinfluenceonstudents’gradesovertime.F.Thesurveyshowsthosefeelingsareconnectedwiththeirmathgrades.G.Whateverthecause,theycantakesomestepstocontrolhowtheylearnmath.答案：31.F32.E33.C34.A35.G第三部分：语言运用第一节：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WheneverIarrivehomelatefromwork,mydogPoppinssavesherdinner.Shealwayswaitsforme____36____Isitdownformine.Forsomeonewhorecoveredfroma(n)____37____disorder(紊乱),theimportanceofmycaringdog’s____38____surprisedme.Intheyearsoftreatment,myfamilyandfriendswerevery____39____,butnothingquitetouchedmelikethe____40____ofmydog.MyeatingdisorderstartedwhenIwasinuniversity.ThenIwasanearlybird,sportyand____41____tooutdoors.Butafewcommentsaboutweightproved(证明是)enoughformetobegin____42____mylooks.Istoppedeatingenough.IforcedmyselftoexerciseandlostsightofwhyIlovedtomove.Allthat____43____wasthatIticked(勾)offtheboxesinthechecklist.WhenPoppinscametolivewithme,mylifetookaturn.I’d____44____wakeearly.ButontheroadIhadspedthrough,wewalkedslowlyin____45____.Weenjoyedstreetcars,DonValley,HumberRiverandmanyanimals.I____46____formanyyearsworkingouthowtoliveanactivelife.Poppinsfeelslikethemissing____47____.Thissweetdoghas____48____metothelifeI’vedreamedabout—onestillfilledwithexplorationand____49____butnotdrivenbyforcetomove.IknowthatthelifeIusedtoonly____50____hascomenow.Ifeelcontentandabletocontributetosocietyinameaningfulway.36.A.if B.until C.although D.because37.A.breathing B.nervous C.eating D.emotional38.A.diet B.look C.revival D.habit39.A.supportive B.wealthy C.graceful D.honest40.A.image B.survival C.company D.growth41.A.forced B.attracted C.limited D.shown42.A.questioning B.describing C.forgetting D.appreciating43.A.returned B.failed C.fitted D.mattered44.A.ever B.still C.never D.even45.A.fear B.shame C.excitement D.surprise46.A.struggled B.waited C.traveled D.trained47.A.dog B.love C.key D.wealth48.A.led B.followed C.cheated D.hurried49.A.threat B.failure C.glory D.adventure50.A.adaptto B.dreamabout C.showoff D.gothrough答案：36.B37.C38.D39.A40.C41.B42.A43.D44.B45.C46.A47.C48.A49.D50.B第二节：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesewritingsystemisoneofthemainreasonswhyChinesecivilizationhassurvivedintomoderntimes.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.It____51____(date)backtoseveralthousandyearsagowhensymbolswerecarvedonanimalbonesand____52____(shell)byancientChinesepeople.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Later,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatime____53____peopleweredividedgeographically,leading____54____manyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.____55____,thischangedunderEmperorQinshihuang.DuringtheQinDynasty,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection,anditwasextremelyimportantin____56____(unite)theChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,whereverChinesepeopleliveorwhateverdialectstheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomea____57____(particular)importantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast,makingitpossibleforpeopleinmoderntimes____58____(read)theancientChineseclassicworks.Chinesecalligraphy,____59____artformofChinesecharacters,hasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.Inrecentyears,moreandmoreancientChineseclassicworks____60____(translate)intodifferentforeignlanguagesandanincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsaregettinginterestedinChinesecultureandhistorynow.答案：51.dates52.shells53.when54.to55.However56.uniting57.particularly58.toread59.an60.havebeentranslated第四部分：语言知识第一节：从词汇框中选择合适的单词完成句子。actuallyrescuedcreativedeliverdistanceconcernedexplorefluentoutgoingqualitynarrowchallenges61.Iamconfidentenoughinmyabilitiestotakeon________.62.Theyputoutthefireand________thedoginsidethehouse.63.The________artistisalwayscomingupwithideasfornewpaintings.64.It’ssafesttokeepagood________fromthecarinfrontbecauseitmaysuddenlystop.65.It’sonethingtohaveagoal;it’sanotherto________actonit.66.Theroadwastoo________forcarstopass,sowegotoutandwalked.67.Einsteinisoneofthosewho________scienceatitsdeepestlevel.68.LilyisinLondonforonlyhalfayear,butshecanspeak________English.69.Asisshowninthereport,theair________inthecityhasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.70.WhenIwasaboy,amilkmanusedto________milktoourdoorstep.答案：61.challenges62.rescued63.creative64.distance65.actually66.narrow67.explore68.fluent69.quality70.deliver第二节：根据汉语补全句子，每空一词71.我佩服她在压力下能保持冷静。Iadmirehercoolness________pressure.答案：under72.除了她之外，没有人知道真相。Thetruthwasknowntonooneother________her.答案：than73.在某些地方，湍急的水流会毫无预兆地把游泳者冲走。Insomeplaces,wildwatercansweepswimmers________withoutwarning.答案：away74.外面噪音太大，我无法专心工作。Ican’tconcentrate________myworkwithsomuchnoiseoutside.答案：on75.我能听到声音，但听不清他们在说什么。Icouldhearvoices,butIcouldn’tmake________whattheyweresaying.答案：out76.在设定目标时，你必须牢记这些要点。Youmustkeepthesepoints________mindwhilesettingyourgoals.答案：in77.她的父母建议她报名参加计算机课程。Herparentsrecommendedhertosign________foracomputercourse.答案：up78.第一次开车时，我没有感到兴奋而是感到恐惧。Myexcitementgaveway________fearwhenIdroveforthefirsttime.答案：to79.在东京奥运会上，苏炳添成为第一位参加男子100米决赛的中国选手。SuBingtianbecamethefirstChineseplayer________competedintheMen’s100mfinalattheTokyoOlympics.答案：who/that80.我们可以把孩子们放到某种环境中，这样他们可以从不同的视角来审视自己。Wecanputchildreninasituation________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.答案：where第五部分：书写请按照书写格式和要求抄写以下内容。Lifeisfullofchoices;someyouwillbehappywith,othersyoumayregret.Asyougetolder,youprobablywishthatyoucouldgobackintimetocorrectsomeofyourmistakes.Youmightwishtodothingsdifferentlyifgivenachance.第六部分写作(满分25分)81.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasthelastpracticebeforethebiggymnasticscompetitioninBurlingville.ThegymnasticsteamofSpringtownHighSchoolhadbeentrainingeverydayintheschoolvacation.Theytriedharderandwantedtodobetter.TheyhadcompetedwiththeteamfromMaidstoneHighSchoolseveraltimes.Thecompetitionsallowedthetwoteamstoadmireeachotherfortheirexcellentperformanceandplayers’qualities.Theyrespectedthegame;theyrespectedeachother’steammore.Today,theplayersofSpringtownwenthomeearlier.TheywouldpacksomefoodandwatertohavealongthewaytoBurlingville.Beforetheywenthome,theywenttotheirteachertoseetheirnewuniform.SpringtonHighSchoolwasinthecountryside.Theteammadecookiesandsoldthematthemarkettogetmoneytobuytheuniform.Theyloveditverymuch,eventhoughtheywereimpressedwiththeuniformsoftheteamfromMaidstone.MaidstoneHighSchoolwasarichprivateschool.Itusuallypreparedtwosetsofuniformsforthecompetition—oneforthemorningandtheothe