辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题

20202021学年度沈阳市郊联体上学期期末考试高二试题英语注意事项：本试卷由第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分组成。第Ⅰ卷中选择题部分，一律涂在答题卡上；第Ⅱ卷，为非选择题部分，按要求答在答题卡相应位置上。第Ⅰ卷选择题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatwillthemanbuy?A．Meat.B．Bread.C．Vegetables.2．Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A．Inapark.B．Inagym.C．Inacoffeeshop.3．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Whotoboiltheeggs.B．Howtocooktheeggs.C．Whattocookforbreakfast.4．Whenwerethespeakersplanningtohavedinnertogether?A．At7:00tonight.B．At8:00tomorrow.C．At9:00tomorrow.5．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Familymembers.B．Friends.C．Neighbors.第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whendidthemanstartwearingglasses?A．Atsixyearsold.B．Atsevenyearsold.C．Attenyearsold.7．Howdidthemanendupwithbadeyesight?A．Hegotitfromhismother.B．HewatchedtoomuchTV.C．Hehadbadreadinghabits.听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。8．Whatkindofrestaurantarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Arestaurantwithrobotwaiters.B．Arestaurantwithouthumanstaff.C．Arestaurantwithonlyonehumanstaffmember.9．Whoopenedtherestaurant?A．Afamouschef.B．Severalprogrammers.C．Someuniversitystudents.10．Whatdosomecustomersplainabouttherestaurant?A．Thenumberofdishesavailable.B．Thequalityoftheingredients.C．Thespeedoftheservice.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Chineseculture.B．Thewoman’stripofthissummer.C．SomeplacesofinterestinBeijing.12．WhichcitywillthewomansurelyvisitbesidesBeijing?A．Shanghai.B．Xi’an.C．Chengdu.13．WherewillthewomanbestayinginBeijing?A．Inadormitory.B．Inarentedapartment.C．Inalocalfamily’shouse.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whendidthewomanbegintofeelbad?A．Yesterdayafternoon.B．Atmidnightlastnight.C．Thismorning.15．What’swrongwiththewoman?A．Shehasalowfever.B．Shehasabackache.C．Shehascaughtabadcold.16．Whydoesthewomanwanttogohome?A．Tostudyforatest.B．Toeatsomething.C．Togetherphone.17．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Takesomemedicineassoonaspossible.B．Readherbooksinthehospital.C．Askherbrotherforhelp.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。18．WhatdoweknowaboutSeville?A．It’sfamousforitscafes.B．It’sfullofoldbuildings.C．It’sthebiggestcityinSpain.19．WhyistheCathedralthemostamazing?A．Youcangetlostinit.B．Youcansitinitforhours.C．Youcanseethewholecityfromit.20．Whataretheprofessionaldancerswearing?A．Redflowersintheirhair.B．Bigdancingshoes.C．Shortskirts.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A4BestBasketballCampsintheUSAPGCBasketballCampsForthelastfewdecades,PGC(pointguardcollege)basketballcampshavehelpedthousandsofplayersimproveavarietyofskills.Whilethenamemayhaveyoubelieveit'sforpointguardsonly,that'snotthecase.PGCbasketballcampsoperateinanumberofdifferentstatesandtheyhaveover100campsalloverthecountry.WhilemanyofthePGCbasketballcampsareaimedatyouthinhighschoolandcollegeathletes,therearealsotheSkillsAcademycampsforthoseasyoungasthe4thgrade.NikeBasketballCampsNikeoffersintroductorycamps,shootingcamps,overnightcamps,daycampsandmanymore.ThereareevencampsthatletyouworkwithformerorcurrentNBAandWNBAplayers.OneofthebestthingsaboutNikecampsarethequalityofcoachingandinstructionyouwillget.Theyalsooperateinnearlyeverystate,sonomatterwhereyouare,thereislikelyaNikebasketballcampclose.TheseNikecampsarealsogreatforallages.NBCBasketballCampsSincetheearly1970s,NBC(NorthwestBasketballCamp)hasbeenamongtheworldleadersinthespace.Whetheryouareinelementaryschool,juniorhighorhighschool,thereisanNBCbasketballcampforyou.ThesecampsareofferedacrosstheUSA,aswellasinCanadaandeventheUK.Thecampstheyofferincludeclinics.teamcamps,overnightcamps,andcollegeprepcamps,justtonameafew.Theyaimtoprovideyouallofthetoolsyouneedtosucceedinbasketballandinlife.TheNationalTheNationalBasketballAcademy(alsoknownasTNBA)partnerswithNBAteamsliketheBucksandPacerstoprovidecamps,clinics,andtrainingforbasketballplayersofallages.TNBAoperatesinMilwaukee,Orlando.Houston.Indiana,andCleveland.ItalsooperatesinmanyothernationsaroundtheworldsuchasBrazil,France,Argentina,and1.WhatdoweknowaboutPGCbasketballcamps?A.Theyhavethemostcamps B.Theyaremainlyaimedatlittlekids.C.TheyhiresomeformerNBAcoaches. D.NotonlystudentsofPGCcanjointhem.2.WhatdoNBCBasketballCampsandtheNationalA.Theyfocusonteamwork. B.Theyholdvarioustournaments.C.Theyonlyofferlongtermcamps. D.Theyoperatebothathomeandabroad.3.IfyouwanttoworkwithsomeNBAplayers,whichcampshouldyouchoose?A.APGCbasketballcamp. B.ANikebasketballcamp.C.ANBCbasketballcamp. D.ATNBAbasketballcamp.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了四个美国最好的篮球训练营。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分“WhilemanyofthePGCbasketballcampsareaimedatyouthinhighschoolandcollegeathletes,therearealsotheSkillsAcademycampsforthoseasyoungasthe4thgrade.”虽然许多PGC篮球训练营针对的是高中和大学的青少年运动员，但也有一些技能学院的训练营针对的是四年级的学生。可知，PGC训练营不仅仅针对PGC的学生，即不仅PGC的学生可以加入，其他学生也可以加入，故选D项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三部分“ThesecampsareofferedacrosstheUSA,aswellasinCanadaandeventheUK.”美国各地、加拿大甚至英国都有这样的夏令营。可知NBC篮球训练营在国内和国外都有。第四部分“ItalsooperatesinmanyothernationsaroundtheworldsuchasBrazil,France,Argentina,andSpain.”它还在世界上许多其他国家开展业务，如巴西、法国、阿根廷和西班牙。可知TNBA在国内外也都有训练营，由此可以推测出NBC和TNBA的共同点就是他们都在国内外有训练营，故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分“ThereareevencampsthatletyouworkwithformerorcurrentNBAandWNBAplayers.”甚至还有训练营让你和以前或现在的NBA和WNBA球员一起工作。可知，如果你想和NBA球员一起工作，那么你可以去Nike篮球训练营，故选B项。BWhenitestothemostfamous20thcenturypaintersoftheUnitedStates,GrandmaMosesshouldbementioned,althoughshedidnotstartpaintinguntilshewasinherlateseventies.Assheoncesaidtoherself,“Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme”.Noonecouldhavehadamoreactiveoldage．ShewasbornonafarminNewYorkState,oneoffiveboysandfivegirls.At12shelefthomeandwasindomesticserviceuntilat27shemarriedThomasMoses,thehiredhandofoneofheremployers.Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives,firstinVirginiaandtheninNewYorkState,atEagleGrandmaMosespaintedalittleasachildandmadeembroidery(刺绣)picturesasahobby,butonlychangedtooilsinoldagebecauseherhandsbecametoostiff(僵硬的)tosewandshestillwantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime.Herpictureswerefirstsoldatthelocaldrugstoreandatamarketandweresoonnoticedbyabusinessmanwhoboughtallthatshepainted.ThreeofthepictureswereexhibitedintheMuseumofModernArt,andin1940shehadherfirstexhibitioninNewYork.Betweenthe1930’sandherdeath,sheproducedsome2,000pictures:carefulandlivelyportrayalsofthecountrylifeshehadknownforsolong,withawonderfulsenseofcolorandform.“IthinkreallyhardtillIthinkofsomethingreallypretty,andthenIpaintit”shesaid．4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMoses?A.Shestoppedpaintinginherlateseventies.B.Shestillledanactivelifewhenshewasold.C.Hermarriagelifewasnothappy.D.Shepaintedoilsasachild.5.WhatdidGrandmaMosesspendmostofherlifedoing?A.Embroidering. B.Farming.C.Nursing. D.Painting.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“portrayals”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Directions. B.Stages.C.Surveys. D.Descriptions.7.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.GrandmaMoses:theBestWomanPainterB.GrandmaMosesandHerFarmLifeC.GrandmaMosesandHerExhibitionD.GrandmaMoses:AFamousWomanPainterof20thCentury【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲叙了20世纪美国著名的画家GrandmaMoses的生平，介绍了她的作品和创作风格。【4题详解】细节理解题。第一段的最后Noonecouldhavehadamoreactiveoldage．没有人的晚年能过得比Moses更积极。可知，关于Moses我们能知道的是她老的时候仍然过着积极的生活。选项B切题，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。第二段的Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives,firstinVirginiaandtheninNewYorkState,atEagleBridge.他们一生大部分时间都在耕种，先是在弗吉尼亚，然后是在纽约州，再是在鹰桥。可知，GrandmaMoses一生绝大部分时间都在务农，选项B切题，故选B。【6题详解】词义猜测题。第三段中的Betweenthe1930’sandherdeath,sheproducedsome2,000pictures:carefulandlivelyportrayalsofthecountrylifeshehadknownforsolong,withawonderfulsenseofcolorandform.从20世纪30年代到去世，她创作了大约2000多副画：仔细而生动的描绘她所熟知很久的乡村生活，是色彩和形式感的奇妙结合。可知，画线词是对其画作的解读，画作反映其长期生活的乡村生活，所以画线词是（对乡村生活的）描述，选项D切题，故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章一开头Whenitestothemostfamous20thcenturypaintersoftheUnitedStates,GrandmaMosesshouldbementioned,althoughshedidnotstartpaintinguntilshewasinherlateseventies.当谈到美国最著名的20世纪画家，GrandmaMoses应该被提及，虽然她直到七十多岁才开始绘画。可知，文章要介绍的是20世纪美国著名的画家GrandmaMoses，这是一篇人物传记类记叙文，文章标题要反应文章主旨，选项D：GrandmaMoses：20世纪著名的女画家，为短文最佳标题，故选D。CCowboyorspaceman?Adilemmaforachildren’sparty,perhaps.Butalsoaquestionforeconomists,arguedKennethBoulding,aBritisheconomist,inanessaypublishedin1966.Wehaverunoureconomies,hewarned,likecowboysontheopengrassland:takingandusingtheworld’sresources,confidentthatmoreliesoverthehorizon.ButtheEarthislessagrasslandthanaspaceship—aclosedsystem,aloneinspace,carryinglimitedsupplies.Weneed,saidBoulding,aneconomicsthattakesseriouslytheideaofenvironmentallimits.Inthehalfcenturysincehisessay,anewmovementhasrespondedtohis

challenge.“Ecologicaleconomists”,astheycallthemselves,wanttorevolutioniseitsaimsandassumptions.Whatdotheysay—andwilltheirideasachieveliftoff?Toitsadvocators,ecologicaleconomicsisneitherecologynoreconomics,butamixofboth.Theirstartingpointistorecognisethatthehumaneconomyispartofthenaturalworld.Ourenvironment,theynote,isbothasourceofresourcesandasinkforwastes.Butitisignoredinconventionaltextbooks,whereneatdiagramstracetheflowsbetweenfirms,householdsandthegovernmentasthoughnaturedidnotexist.Thatisamistake,sayecologicaleconomists.Therearetwowaysoureconomiescangrow,ecologicaleconomistspointout:throughtechnologicalchange,orthroughmoreintensiveuseofresources.Onlytheformer,theysay,isworthhaving.TheyaresuspiciousofGDP,acrudemeasurewhichdoesnottakeaccountofresourceexhaustion,unpaidwork,andcountlessotherfactors.Initsplacetheyadvocatemoreholistic(全面的)approaches,suchastheGenuineProgressIndicator(GPI),aposite

index(复合指标)thatincludesthingslikethecostofpollution,deforestationandcaraccidents.WhileGDPhaskeptgrowing,globalGPIperpersonpeakedin1978:bydestroyingourenvironmentwearemakingourselvespoorer,notricher.Thesolution,saysHermanDaly,aformerWorldBankeconomistandecoguru,isa“steadystate”

economy,wheretheuseofmaterialsandenergyisheldconstant.Mainstreameconomistsareunimpressed.TheGPI,theypointout,isasubjectivemeasure.AndtalkoflimitstogrowthhashadabadpresssincethedaysofThomasMalthus,agloomy18thcenturyclericwhopredicted,wrongly,thatoverpopulationwouldleadtofamine.Humanbeingsfindsolutionstosomeofthemostannoyingproblems.Butecologicaleconomistswarnagainstselfsatisfaction.In2009apaperin

Nature,ascientificjournal,arguedthathumanactivityisalreadyoversteppingsafeplanetaryboundariesonissuessuchas

biodiversity(生物多样性)andclimatechange.Thatsuggeststhatecologicaleconomistsareatleastaskingsomeimportantquestions,eveniftheiranswersturnouttobewrong.8.KennethBouldingandthecontentofhisessayatthebeginningofthispassagearemeantto.A.pointouthowignorantofnaturethecowboysareB.blamehumanbeingsfortheirexploitationofnatureC.askpeopletotakeseriouslytheenvironmentlimitsD.introduceecologicaleconomistsandecologisteconomics9.Accordingtoecologicaleconomists,whatisthemistakeexistinginconventionaltextbooks?A.EcologyandeconomicsarenotmixedtogetherB.Humaneconomyisn’trecognizedaspartsofnatureC.TheenvironmenthasbothresourcesandwastesD.Diagramsconnectfirms,householdsandthegovernment10.TheparisonbetweenGDPandGPIdatain1978haswarnedusthat.A.GDPiscrudemeasurethatisnotworthusingB.caraccidentshouldbyallmeansincludeinGDPC.wearegainingmaterialwealthbydestroyingnatureD.resourcesandenergywillonedaybetotallyusedup11.Whichinthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagree?A.theaimsandassumptionsofeconomicsneedtoberevolutionizedB.GDPandGPIshouldbebothacceptedbymainstreameconomistsC.HumanbeingscanalwaysfindsolutionstoalltheannoyingproblemsD.Ecologicaleconomists’concernsabouttheworldareworthnoticing.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D【解析】本文是一篇议论文。介绍了生态经济的概念，它是生态学和经济学的混合体。我们在发展经济的同时不能忽视自然，经济的增长与生态自然是息息相关的。【8题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Inthehalfcenturysincehisessay,anewmovementhasrespondedtohischallenge.“Ecologicaleconomists”,astheycallthemselves,wanttorevolutioniseitsaimsandassumptions”可知，自他文章发表以来的半个世纪里，一个新的运动对他的挑战作出了回应。所谓的“生态经济学家”希望彻底改变其目标和假设。以及下文对生态经济学家和生态经济学的介绍。所以文章开头处提出KennethBoulding和她的论文内容是为了介绍生态经济学家和生态经济学。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“Theirstartingpointistorecognisethatthehumaneconomyispartofthenaturalworld.Butitisignoredinconventionaltextbooks”可知，生态经济学家认为在传统的课本中，人类的经济没有被看作是自然的一部分。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由第三段“bydestroyingourenvironmentwearemakingourselvespoorer,notricher.”可知，1978年GDP和GPI数据的对比警告我们，我们通过毁灭自然获得物质财富。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Thatsuggeststhatecologicaleconomistsareatleastaskingsomeimportantquestions,eveniftheiranswersturnouttobewrong.”可知，作者认为生态经济学家对世界的担心是值得注意的。故选D项。DChinawillhavethemost5Gconnectionsofanynationby2025,accordingtoanewstudy,whileEuropewillfallbehindKorea,theUnitedStatesandJapanintermsof5Gpenetration(渗透)bythatyear.5Gisthefifthgenerationofnetworktechnology.ItisexpectedtobringunbelievablespeedstoInternetusers,withsomeoperationsrunning10timesfasterthanon4Gnetworks.5Gisalsoexpectedtounlockthepotentialinalotofnewservices,includingartificialintelligence,scienceofrobotsselfdrivingcars,andtheInternetofthings.TheGSMAsaidthatChina'sthreemajormobileoperatorsChinaUni,ChinaMobile,andChinaTelearealreadymovingaheadwith5Gnetworks.Whilemostnationswillhave5Gbyupdatingexistingfoundations,thestudynotedthatChinaplanstobuildpartofits5Gnetworks.OneofthemostdistinguishingactorsbetweenChinesemobileoperatorsandthoseintherestoftheworldistheintentiontoerectthenewandindependent5Gnetworks.Thatis,Chinaisdeterminedtobuildapletelyadvanced5G.ThehighcostunderlinesChina'sseriousnessaboutpayingwhateverittakes.Koreawillleadtheworldintermsof5Gpenetrationin2025,when66percentofthenation'stotalconnectionswillbe5G,accordingtoGSMA.Thisparesto50percentintheUS,49percentinJapan,36percentinChina,30percentinEurope,andaglobalaverageof18percent.Outofthefiveeconomiesleadingon5G,Europewillhavethelowestparticipationin2025,astheareaismovingmoreslowlyinhavingits5Gnetworks.12.Whatwill5Gbring?A.Apletelynewpatternfordailylife.B.Realizingthepotentialinmanynewservices.C.Excellentnetworksandnationalsafety.D.Amazingspeedsforpublictransportation.13.Whatisthefutureof5GinChina?A.Itmaybelackofgovernmentsupport.B.Itwillmoveforwardslowly.C.Itwilldeveloprapidly.D.ItmayfallbehindEurope.14.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"erect"underlinedinparagraph4?Asetup B.bringup C.turnup D.pickup15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Chinesecannotown5Gin2025.B.MorethanhalfKoreansuse5Gin2025.C.Onlyfivecountrieswillhave5Gin2025.D.Europewillpaylittleattentionto5Gin2025.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国以及世界主要经济体5G发展的状况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“5Gisalsoexpectedtounlockthepotentialinalotofnewservices,includingartificialintelligence,scienceofrobotsselfdrivingcars,andtheInternetofthings.”（5G还有望在许多新服务中释放潜力，包括人工智能、机器人自动驾驶汽车科学和物联网。）可知，5G将在很多新的服务领域实现它的潜力。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Chinawillhavethemost5Gconnectionsofanynationby2025,accordingtoanewstudy,whileEuropewillfallbehindKorea,theUnitedStatesandJapanintermsof5Gpenetration(渗透)bythatyear.”（根据一项新的研究，到2025年，中国将拥有世界上最多的5G网络连接，而到2025年，欧洲的5g普及率将落后于韩国、美国和日本。）以及第四段中“Thatis,Chinaisdeterminedtobuildapletelyadvanced5G.ThehighcostunderlinesChina'sseriousnessaboutpayingwhateverittakes.”（也就是说，中国决心建立一个完全先进的5G。高昂的成本突显出中国不惜一切代价的严肃态度。）可以推测，在未来，中国5G的发展将会很迅速。故选C项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词句的下句“Thatis,Chinaisdeterminedtobuildapletelyadvanced5G.”（也就是说，中国决心建立一个完全先进的5G。）可以推测，划线词句“OneofthemostdistinguishingactorsbetweenChinesemobileoperatorsandthoseintherestoftheworldistheintentiontoerectthenewandindependent5Gnetworks.”（中国移动运营商与世界其它地区运营商之间最显著的差异之一，是erect新的独立5G网络的意图。）中，划线单词erect和下文build同义。A项“建立”与之最为接近。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Koreawillleadtheworldintermsof5Gpenetrationin2025,when66percentofthenation'stotalconnectionswillbe5G,accordingtoGSMA.Thisparesto50percentintheUS,49percentinJapan,36percentinChina,30percentinEurope,andaglobalaverageof18percent.Outofthefiveeconomiesleadingon5G,Europewillhavethelowestparticipationin2025,astheareaismovingmoreslowlyinhavingits5Gnetworks.”（韩国将在2025年5G普及率方面领先世界，据GSMA称，届时韩国66%的网络连接将是5g。相比之下，美国为50%，日本为49%，中国为36%，欧洲为30%，全球平均水平为18%。）可知，到2005年的时候，韩国5G普及率最高，为66%，即到2005年，超过一半的人使用5G。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asaspecies,ginkgo(银杏）trees,whichenjoyareputationas"TheTreethatTimeForgor",haveexistedrelativelyunchangedfor200millionyears.Whilescientistshaverevealedthemysteriesofthetree'slonglife,itwon'thelphumanssoon.ScientistsinChinaexaminedthegeneticponentofveryyoungginkgotrees,paringsamplesbetweenseveralhundredandathousandyearsold.___16___Thescientistsalsofoundthat,unlikeotherplants,ginkgogeneswithregardtoagingdonotautomaticallybeeactiveatacertainstageintheirlifecycle.___17___Thisexplainswhyoldginkgotreesproduceasmanyseedsasyoungonesandhowtheycontinuetogrowwideforaslongastheylive.Furthermore,ginkgotreesarebornwithprotectivebiochemicalcharacteristics,intheformofhormones,antioxidants,andbactericides.___18___Also,theyhaveevolvedadaptationsthatenablethemtoresistpestsandclimateextremes.___19___Overtime,weatherandotherfactorslimituprightgrowthandcauseleavestodie.Yet,evenasthisagingoccurs,thecellreproducingsystemofthegingkotreeremainsactive,maintaininghealthygrowth.Growthtypicallystartsslowingdownafter200years,butthetreesremainhealthy.Eachyear,theyrenewtheirparts,addingnewwood,leaves,roots,andreproductiveorgans.Intheory,gingkotreesshouldliveforever.___20___A.Ofcourse,thesetreesdoage,tosomeextent.B.Theirimmunesystemswerefoundtobesimilar.C.Thatis,ginkgotreeshavenogeneticprogramfordeath.D.Allofthesestrengthentheirresistancetodiseasesandbacteria.E.Whiletheycontainminorpoison,humansstilleattheirfruitsforhealthreasons.F.However,ginkgotreesstilldiefrompests,drought,andotherdamagingevents.G.Theyhavesurvivedsomegreatestcatastrophes,suchastheextinctionofthedinosaurs.【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.A20.F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对银杏树长寿秘密的研究。【16题详解】上文“ScientistsinChinaexaminedthegeneticponentofveryyoungginkgotrees,paringsamplesbetweenseveralhundredandathousandyearsold.(中国的科学家研究了幼小的银杏树的遗传成分，比较了几百年到一千年的样本)”说明了科学家研究银杏树样本，下文“Thescientistsalsofoundthat...(科学家们还发现……)”说明下文是研究发现的内容，B项中的their指代上文samples；其中werefound和下文中found意义一致，下文中的also是关键词，与B项是递进关系。故B项“它们的免疫系统被发现是相似的”承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】上文“...ginkgogeneswithregardtoagingdonotautomaticallybeeactiveatacertainstageintheirlifecycle.(……银杏与衰老有关的基因不会在其生命周期的某个阶段自动变得活跃)”说明银杏与衰老有关的基因在某个阶段不活跃，C项“也就是说，银杏树没有死亡的基因程序”，是对前文的解释说明，符合题意。故选C。【18题详解】上文“Furthermore,ginkgotreesarebornwithprotectivebiochemicalcharacteristics,intheformofhormones,antioxidants,andbactericides.(此外，银杏树天生具有保护性的生化特性，以激素、抗氧化剂和杀菌剂的形式出现)”说明银杏树天生有优点，下文“Also,theyhaveevolvedadaptationsthatenablethemtoresistpestsandclimateextremes.(此外，它们还进化出了适应性，使它们能够抵御害虫和极端气候)”说明银杏树的优势还可以使它们能够抵御害虫，D项中的Allofthesestrengthen指代protectivebiochemicalcharacteristics，resist指代resistance，进一步说明它的优点。下文中Also与选项D“所有这些都增强了它们对疾病和细菌的抵抗力”是递进关系。故选D。【19题详解】下文“Overtime,weatherandotherfactorslimituprightgrowthandcauseleavestodie.Yet,evenasthisagingoccurs…(随着时间的推移，天气和其他因素限制了树木的直立生长，导致树叶死亡。然而，即使这种衰老发生……)”说明银杏树会老化，A项中的thesetreesdoage和下文limituprightgrowthandcauseleavestodie，thisagingoccurs语义一致，说明A项“当然，在某种程度上，这些树会老化。”符合题意，引出下文。故选A。【20题详解】上文“Intheory,gingkotreesshouldliveforever.(理论上，银杏树应该会长生不老)”，F项中的However与前文形成转折，stilldie与前文中的liveforever形成对比，F项“然而，银杏树仍然死于虫害、干旱和其他破坏性事件”，与上文是转折关系，符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：完形填空（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasoutinmyfields,spadeinhand,plantingtreesthismorning.IfeelgoodwhenIdoit,knowingthatlongafterIamgone,thesetreeswill___21___highabovetheland,providingoxygenforhumansnotyetbornand___22___thecarbondioxidefromtheair.Eachspring,asIam___23___,mymindgoesbacktoa___24___Ihaveofmygrandfather,walkingwithhimontheland,listeningtohis___25___andlearningaboutnature.Heoftentoldastorywhichhas___26___inmyimaginationalltheseyears.Itwasintheearly1900s,amanlosthiswifeanddaughtertoaterribledisease.Filledwith___27___,hedecidedtotakeupthe___28___occupationofshepherdinthehills.Hewasabout55yearsofageatthattime,andashe___29___hissheep,helookedaroundandsawthelandwas____30____.Thentheoldmanfeltheneededtodosomethingtohelptheland____31____,forithadoncebeenasplendidgreenforest.Hecollectedsome____32____ofoaktreesfromotherplaces,____33____wateredthemandcaredfortheyoungtreesthatsproutedthenextyear.Fortherestofhislife,heplantedeveryday.Nooneknewhisstoryuntilhewas90yearsold.Yethe____34____toplant,perhapsonlyfivetreesaday.Atthattime,thehillhadbeeagreenforest,____35____asfaraspeoplecouldsee.21A.survive B.tower C.shape D.react22.A.applying B.adding C.receiving D.cleaning23.A.thinking B.walking C.planting D.wondering24.A.imagination B.memory C.regret D.word25.A.stories B.plains C.laughter D.songs26.A.brought B.got C.stuck D.put27.A.anger B.sadness C.worries D.dreams28.A.special B.lonely C.rewarding D.attracting29.A.tended B.moved C.bought D.lost30.A.broad B.abandoned C.charming D.bare31.A.appear B.grow C.recover D.spread32.A.branches B.seeds C.flowers D.leaves33.A.indifferently B.desperately C.anxiously D.lovingly34.A.had B.peted C.continued D.forgot35.A.spreadingout B.bringingabout C.wanderingabout D.leadingto【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.B25.A26.C27.B28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了祖父曾给自己讲的一个古故事：一位孤独的牧羊人每天植树，直到光秃秃的山变成了一片森林。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我这样做的时候，我感觉很好，因为我知道，在我离开很久之后，这些树将高高地矗立在这片土地之上，为后代提供氧气，清除空气中的二氧化碳。A.survive幸存，生还；B.tower高耸；C.shape形成，塑造；D.react反应。根据“longafterIamgone”可知，作者觉得多年以后这些树会长成参天大树，高高耸立。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我这样做的时候，我感觉很好，因为我知道，在我离开很久之后，这些树将高高地矗立在土地之上，为后代提供氧气，清除空气中的二氧化碳。A.applying应用；B.adding增加；C.receiving接收；D.cleaning清洁，使干净。根据生活常识，树木可以清除空气中的二氧化碳。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年春天，在我植树的时候，我的思绪就会回到我对祖父的记忆中，和他一起漫步在这片土地上，听他讲故事，了解大自然。A.thinking思考；B.walking行走；C.planting植树；D.wondering想知道，感到疑惑。根据上文“…plantingtreesthismorning”可知，作者在植树的时候，回想起祖父。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年春天，在我植树的时候，我的思绪就会回到我对祖父的记忆中，和他一起漫步在这片土地上，听他讲故事，了解大自然。A.imagination想象；B.memory记忆；C.regret后悔；D.word话语。每逢春天植树，作者就会回忆和祖父在一起的情形。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年春天，在我植树的时候，我的思绪就会回到我对祖父的记忆中，和他一起漫步在这片土地上，听他讲故事，了解大自然。A.stories故事；B.plains抱怨；C.laughter笑声；D.songs歌曲。根据下文“Heoftentoldastory…”可知，作者常听祖父讲故事。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他常给我讲的一个故事，多年来一直萦绕在我脑海中的。A.brought带来；B.got得到；C.stuck停留；D.put放。下一段讲述了祖父给作者常讲的一个故事，说明这个故事常在作者脑海中浮现。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他心中充满了悲伤，决定做一份孤独的工作——在山里当一个牧羊人。A.anger愤怒；B.sadness悲伤；C.worries担忧；D.dreams梦想。根据上文“…losthiswifeanddaughtertoaterribledisease”可知，失去了妻子和女儿，那个人感到很伤心。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他心中充满了悲伤，决定做一份孤独的工作——在山里当一个牧羊人。A.special特别的；B.lonely孤独的；C.rewarding有回报的；D.attracting吸引人的。失去家人，那个人感到很孤独，想到山上当牧羊人。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在放羊时，他环顾四周，看到周围的土地都是光秃秃的。A.tended照管；B.moved移动；C.bought买；D.lost失去。上文提到“shepherd”，他是牧羊人，负责照看羊群。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他在放羊时，他环顾四周，看到周围的土地都是光秃秃的。A.broad宽阔的；B.abandoned废弃的；C.charming迷人的；D.bare光秃秃的。

老人看到山上没有树，光秃秃的，就决定每天种树。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人觉得他需要做点什么来帮助这片土地恢复原样，因为它曾经是一片美丽的绿色森林。A.appear出现；B.grow生长；C.recover恢复；D.spread传播。根据“ithadoncebeenasplendidgreenforest”可知，这那个老人想让这片土地恢复到原来的郁郁葱葱的样子。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从其他地方收集了一些橡树种子，悉心浇水、照料，第二年这些小树发芽了。A.branches树枝；B.seeds种子；C.flowers花朵；D.leaves树叶。根据下文“…theyoungtreesthatsproutedthenextyear”可知，那个老人将种子种下，这些种子后来发芽了。故选B项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他从其他地方收集了一些橡树种子，悉心浇水、照料，第二年这些小树发芽了。A.indifferently冷漠地；B.desperately绝望地；C.anxiously焦虑地；D.lovingly充满爱意地，钟爱地。根据“theyoungtreesthatsprouted…”可知，老人细心地照料那些小树苗。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他仍在继续种树，也许一天只种五棵树。A.had有；B.peted竞争；C.continued继续；D.forgot忘记。根据上文“heplantedeveryday.”和“hewas90yearsold.”可知，尽管90岁高龄，老人还是继续每天种树。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那时，小山已经变成了一片绿色的森林，一直延伸到人们能看到的地方。A.spreadingout散开，延伸；B.bringingabout引起；C.wanderingabout徘徊，漫步；D.leadingto通向。树木长成了成片的森林，延伸到很远的地方。故选A项。第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Anumberofwhitecranes(鹤)havebeenspottedatPoyangLakeinJiangxiprovince,_____36_____(mark)thestartofthemigratory(迁徙的)birds’winteringinChina’s_____37_____(large)freshwaterlakethisyear.At10:45am,October29,2020,onewhitecrane_____38_____(observe