中考英语课件（广东专版）第一部分第三节　数词

2024年中考英语课件广东专版第一部分语法突破第三节数词新课程标准中,数词的考查包括基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。它们是互相对应的。如下表所示：序号基数词序数词

序号基数词序数词1one

8eight

2two

9nine

3three

10ten

4four

11eleven

5five

12twelve

6six

13thirteen

7seven

14twenty

基数词5年1考,序数词5年3考,基数词混搭5年1考。

firstsecondthirdfourth

fifthsixthseventheighthninthtenth

eleventhtwelfththirteenthtwentieth【巧记口诀】找清规律很容易,十二以内词名异；十三数到十九去,后加-teen莫忘记；二十、三十至九十,整十之后有-ty；如果要说“几十几”,中间“-”号别丢弃；hundred是“一百”,请你记住莫大意。一、基数词1.基数词的构成(1)1~12逐个记,见上述表格。(2)13~19：-teen结尾,注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen。(3)20~90：-ty结尾,注意twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty。(4)21~99：先说“十位”,再说“个位”,中间加连字符“-”。如：23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty-five(5)101~999先说“百位”,再加and,再加后两位数或末位数。如：586→fivehundredandeighty-six,803→eighthundredandthree(6)1,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”。第一个“,”前为thousand(千),第二个“,”前为million(百万),第三个“,”前为billion(十亿)。如：①1,001→____________________________________________

②18,423→_______________________________________________

③6,260,309→___________________________________________________________________________________________________

④750,000,000,000→___________________________________

onethousandandoneeighteenthousand,fourhundredandtwenty-threesixmillion,twohundredandsixtythousand,threehundredandnine

sevenhundredandfiftybillion(7)带小数点的读法。小数点读作point,小数点后的数字依次用基数词读出。如：1.08读作onepointzeroeight

12.34读作twelvepointthreefour2.基数词的用法(1)表示时刻。①表示整点。如8：00a.m.上午八点读作：eight(o’clock)a.m.或eight(o’clock)inthemorning②表示非整点(顺读法,先时后分)。如：8：20

eighttwenty

7：40

sevenforty

8：15

eightfifteen以上时刻也可以读作(逆读法,先分后点)：8：20

twentypasteight

7：40

twentytoeight

8：15

aquarterpasteight(2)表示加减乘除。如：3+4=7

Threeplusfourisseven.或Threeandfouris/equalsseven.7-3=4

Sevenminusthreeisfour.或Threefromsevenisfour.3×4=12

Threemultipliedbyfouristwelve.或Threetimesfouristwelve.12÷3=4

Twelvedividedbythreeisfour.或Threeintotwelvegoesfour.(3)表示度量衡。句型：主语+is+具体数词+meter(s)/kilo(s)+long/high/tall/deep/away/wide…注意：far不能与具体数量单位连用,但away可以。如：①长江长6,300公里。TheChangjiangRiveris_________________________.②它离这里有16公里远。Itis_________________________fromhere.6,300kilometerslong16kilometers(away)

二、序数词1.序数词的构成

基数词变序数词,词尾加上-th(fourth,sixth)；注意第一、二、三、五、八、九、十二的序数词分别为：first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth；以y结尾的基数词变序数词,y变ie后加-th(twentieth)；若是碰到第几十几,前面用基数词,后面用序数词,中间加个连字符,如twenty-first。【巧记口诀】一,二,三要全变(one—first；two—second；three—third)；其余都加th,th里有例外,8去t(eight—eighth),9去e(nine—ninth)；字母f代ve(five—fifth；twelve—twelfth)；ty变成tie(twenty—twentieth)；若要变化几十几,只变个位就可以(twenty-one—twenty-first)。2.序数词的用法(1)序数词和冠词连用表示顺序。如：Thefirsttruckiscarryingafruitbasket.第一辆卡车载着一个水果篮。注意：下列几种情况不用冠词。a.序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时,不能再用冠词。如：ThisisTony’ssecondvisittoChina.这是托尼第二次访问中国。汤姆是他们的第二个儿子。Tomis

.

theirsecondsonb.表示比赛或考试的名次时,通常省略定冠词。如：Hewas(the)secondintheEnglishexam.在这次英语考试中他得了第二名。c.序数词被用作副词时不用冠词。如：Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.我得先把作业完成好。d.在某些习语中不用冠词。如：atfirst起初firstofall首先atfirstsight乍一看(2)年、月、日的表达法。如：2021年9月1日1stSeptember,2021=September1st,2021(3)和不定冠词连用表示“又一、再一”。如：Johnfailedtwice,buthetriedathirdtime.约翰失败了两次,但他又试了一次。三、易错点突破基数词和序数词的混合用法1.分数的表达法：母序子基。(1)分子是1时,分母用序数词的单数形式。如：onefifth

1/5(2)分子大于1时,分母用序数词的复数形式。如：threefourths

3/4(3)当分母是2和4时,分别可以用half和quarter代替。如：ahalf

1/2

threequarters

3/42.表示年、月、日时,年用基数词表示,日用序数词表示。如：innineteenhundred

1900年innineteenofive

1905年Octoberthefirst,nineteenforty-nine写作：__________________

3.基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号,用基数词时,名词和数词首字母都要大写。如：LessonOne=thefirstlesson第一课October1(st),19494.a+序数词(再一……,又一……)和the+序数词(第……)的区别。如：I’llseethemovieasecondtime.(再看一次)ThisisthesecondtimeIhaveseenthefilm.(第二次)5.百分数用percent表示,无复数形式。如：fortypercent

40%注意：分数和百分数修饰主语时,谓语动词的形式由分数和百分数

所修饰的名词的单复数决定。如：Twofifthsofthelandinthatdistrictiscoveredwithtrees.那个地区五分之二的土地被树木覆盖。Twofifthsofthegirlsintheclasshavefinishedtheirhomework.班上五分之二的女生已经完成了作业。

数词在语法选择和短文填空中考查得比较少,一般考查hundred,thousand,million等词的用法,即具体数字和概数的表达,或是forthefirsttime,thefirst+n.等用法。如：1.(2023·广东中考·72题)Imaginethatyoutravelbackto

ofyearsagoandbrushyourteethcomfortably.

it

either

be

because

what

else

by

invent

clean

popular

habit

hundred

hundreds满分突破2.(2022·深圳中考·43题)BeforeLangLangplayedthe____________

(three)piece,hisfingersbecamealittlecold,butheshowednofearoftheheavysnowandthethinair.

third3.Attheendofeverygrowingseason,

potatoesweredugoutoftheground,andreadiedformarket.

A.thousandwith

B.thousandswith

C.thousandof

D.thousandsofD(

)1.Itisthe

timeforhimtotakepartinthiskindofgame.(2023·西藏自治区)

A.one

B.two

C.three D.third(

)2.—What’sthirtyandten？—It’s

.(2023·威武市)

A.forty

B.fifty

C.seventy

D.eightyDA真题链接(

)3.Thereare

peopleinthepicture,andthe

onefromtheleftisme.

(2022·百色市)A.eight；third

B.eight；three

C.eighth；third

D.eighth；threeA(

)4.About

ofmyclassmateshelptheirparentstodohouseworkonweekends.

(2022·郴州市)A.twofifths B.secondfive C.secondfifthsA(

)5.—Peopleinourtownplanted

treesonTreePlantingDay.

—Goodjob！Everyonecandosomethingtomakeourtowngreener.(2022·宿迁市)A.hundred

B.hundredof

C.hundreds

D.hundredsofD(

)6.Myauntbecameanurseinher

andshestilllovesherjobnow.

(2022·绥化市)A.twenties

B.twentieth

C.twentyA(

)7.—It’sMom’s

birthdaynextWednesday.Whatshouldwedo？

—Whataboutbuyingher

flowerstoshowourlove？(2022·朝阳市)

A.forty；forty B.forty；fortieth

C.fortieth；forty

D.fortieth；fortiethC(

)8.—Chinaisagreatcountrywithahistoryofaboutfive

years.

—Yes.And

offoreignerscometovisititeveryyear.(2021·滨州市)

A.thousand；thousand

B.thousands；thousandsC.thousand；thousands

D.thousands；thousandC(

)9.Myaunthasonlyonechild,andshewants

child.(2021·恩施自治州改编)

A.thesecond

B.asecond

C.two

D.thetwoB(

)10.—WhenwastheCommunistPartyofChinafounded？—In1921.Itwasher

birthdayin2021.(2021·泸州市改编)

A.hundred

B.hundredth

C.hundredsof

D.thehundredthB语法选择(2023·佛山市禅城区一模改编)

TheWorldCupproducesmanyfootballstars.Pele,theBrazilianfootballsuperstarand

1

onlyplayerinhistorytowinthreeWorldCups,diedThursday,December29,2022.

模拟突破 Pelewasbornina

2

city,andthenhemovedtothestateofSaoPaulowhenhewasfour.Thereheoftenkickedapaperballaround.

3

,whenhewaseleven,alocalplayerbroughthimtothelocal

4

clubfortheyoung.Itdidn’ttakelongforhim

5

thesenior(高水平的)group.

He

6

totheworldat17atthe1958WorldCup—theyoungestplayereveratthegame.Peleplayedmorethanone

7

m