STOP安全观察课件

IntroductiontoSTOPSTOP…forSafetySTOP系统介绍STOP安全观察STOPisanHSSEobservationprogrammewhichhelpsustoachieveHSSEexcellence.STOP是一种HSE观察项目，它可以使我们的HSE工作更加出色SAFETY

安全TRAINING

培训OBSERVATION

观察PROGRAM

项目STOP…forSafetyWhatisSTOP

什么是STOP

STOP安全观察STOPPhilosophySTOP理论基础Thekeytoreducingincidentsandinjuriesistomodifybehaviorbyobservingpeople,talkingwiththemtoencouragesafeworkpracticesandsoeliminateunsafeactsandbehaviors.减少伤病事故的关键就是通过观察人们的行为，和他们沟通去改变他们的行为习惯，鼓励正确的做法，消除不安全行为和习惯Noaccidents没有事故Noharmtopeople不伤害任何人Nodamagetotheenvironment不破坏环境STOPPhilosophyBYACOHSSEPhilosophy

BYACOHSSE宗旨STOP安全观察Allinjuriesandoccupationalillnessescanbeprevented

任何伤害和职业病都是可以预防的Safetyiseveryone’sresponsibility

安全是每一个人的职责Managementisdirectlyaccountableforpreventinginjuriesandoccupationalillnesses

管理层对防范伤害和职业病有直接责任Safetyisaconditionofemployment安全也是雇佣合同的一部分Trainingisanessentialelementofasafeworkplace培训是一个安全的作业场所的重要因素Safetyauditsmustbeconducted(ASA,Walkthroughs)

必须有安全检查（双向沟通式或随访式）Safeworkpracticesshouldbereinforcedandallunsafe

actsandunsafeconditionsmustbecorrected安全的做法要加以强调，不安全的行为和状态要立刻纠正STOPisbasedontheseHSSEprinciples:STOP必须建立在以下HSE原则上ThePrincipalsofSTOPSTOP安全观察Itisessentialtoinvestigateinjuriesandoccupationalillnessesaswellasincidentswiththepotentialforinjury

伤病事故及重大隐患能立刻被调查Safetyoffthejobisanimportantelementofyouroverallsafetyeffort

工作之外的安全是我们全过程安全努力的重要部分Preventinginjuriesandoccupationalillnessesisgoodbusiness

伤害和职业病预防是一项积极的工作Peoplearethemostcriticalelementinthesuccessany

HSSEandhealthprogrammes人的因素对于成功运行HSE项目非常关键PrinciplesofSTOP

continued…

STOP必须建立在以下HSE原则上…

ThePrincipalsofSTOPSTOP安全观察STOPsupportstheideaof“peopletalkingwithotherpeopleaboutsafety”usingeffectivecommunicationskills.STOP系统支持用有效的沟通技巧去理论安全Helpsobserve,analyseandtakecorrectiveactiononunsafeactsandconditions,andreinforcessafeworkingpractices

针对不安全行为及状况，观察、分析并采取正确的方式，同时鼓励安全的做法WorkswithOtherHSSEprogrammes配合其他HSE项目共同运行

Safety

Orientation

Induction安全培训

ASA‘s

双向安全检查 SafetyAssessments

安全评价

IncidentReportingSystem事故报告

HowDoesSTOPWork

如何运作STOPSTOP安全观察ASA

双向安全检查StandsforAdvancedSafetyAudit,althoughwehavebroadenedthistoincludehealth,andenvironment.AnASAconsistsofanHSEthemedin-depth“conversation”whichhasresultedfromaconsciousdecisionbytheinstigator's)toengageanindividual.Itshouldresultinalocally“agreed”resolution.Anexampleofaconversationstartermightbe…”Tellmeaboutthehighestrisksinyourjob?”

ASA是双向安全检查的缩写，现在我们已经把它扩展到环保和健康，ASA的关键是双向沟通，通过对话来了解一个人对HSE的理解和执行情况，例如ASA的开场可能是“说说看你的工作中最大的危险是什么？”STOPStandsforSafetyTrainingandObservationProgrammeandisprimarilyaboutobservingtheactsofpeoplegoingabouttheirwork,commendinggoodbehaviourordiscussinganyunsafebehavioursyouhavenoticed,whichhavethepotentialtoresultinanincident.Theemphasisisonreportingbehaviours;goodorbadanditshouldresultinalocally“agreed”resolution.Anexampleofanunsafeactmightbesomeonewalkingdownthestairswithabundleofpapersinonehandandamobilephoneintheother.STOP侧重于观察，观察正在作业的员工，表扬他们好的做法，讨论你认为不安全的行为，最后不论好坏都以一种大家可以接受的方式报告。例如一个不安全的行为可能是有人一只手拿着一叠纸，另一只手握着手机上下楼梯。PrepareObserveDiscussDe-briefRecordFollowupDecideStopObserveActReportWitnessReportTLResolutionInvestigation

ASAvs.vs.INCIDENTProactiveReactiveSTOP安全观察INCIDENT事件Isanunsafesituation,accidentornear-hit.Theemphasisisonreportingthingsthathavehappened,mostlyasaresultofpeoples’behaviours.Itcoversanythingthatisarisktohealth,safety,securityanddamagetotheenvironment.Anexampleofanincidentmightbesomeonefallingdownthestairsandbreakingafingerasaresultofnotholdingontothehandrail.是一种不安全情形或者是几乎构成的事故，或者已构成事故，关键是要报告已发生的一切，很多时候，事故/事件是人为的因素。例如，某人上下楼梯从不抓扶手，终于有一天他摔倒并折断了一截指骨。PrepareObserveDiscussDe-briefRecordFollowupDecideStopObserveActReportWitnessReportTLResolutionInvestigation

ASAvs.vs.INCIDENTProactiveReactiveSTOP安全观察STOPANDGIVEITYOURFULLATTENTION开始实施STOP并全神贯注

OBSERVEFORUNSAFEACTSANDCONDITIONSANDTHINKHOWTHEJOBCANBEDONEMORESAFELY观察不安全行为及状态，并且思考讨论如何更安全地完成工作ACT/TALKWITHTHEPERSON和被观察者交流互动RECORDYOURACTIONSONASTOPCARD用STOP卡记下你的行为STOP…forSafetyTheSTOPCycle

STOP

循环STOPSTOP安全观察Coffeespilledandnotclearedup咖啡洒在地上但未及时清理Employeeslipsonspill有人摔倒在打翻的咖啡上Employeeslipsandsprainsankle滑倒扭伤了脚踝Employeefallsandbreaksleg

摔断腿Employeefallsandstrikesheadonedgeofcounter

摔倒头部遭撞击1FATAL一人死亡30

MAJORS

(DisablingInjuries)

残疾300

RECORDABLE

INJURIES可记录伤害3,000

NEARMISSESORFIRSTAID

差点造成的事故已需要初级医务护理30,000

HAZARDSUnsafeActs

不安全行为Employee-Created

UnsafeConditions

员工导致的不安全状态Injuries:AMatterofProbability事故金字塔理论STOP安全观察Alackofknowledgeortrainingandtopdownapproach

缺乏技能和培训，自上而下的压力Abeliefthat“Itcan’thappentome”or“Itwon’thappenthistime”

心存饶幸“不会发生在我身上”或“这次不会发生”Ahabit

一种习以为常的习惯Unavailabilityofequipmentandspace设备或空间存在缺陷Abeliefthattheprocedureisadequatebecausenoonehascorrected

itinthepast

盲目信赖程序，从不对他修正Asenseofprioritiesputtingcomfort,productionorqualityabovesafety

把个人舒适性、方便、产量及质量置于安全之上Amoraleproblemreflectingconditionsonoroffthejob

对安全不以为然TheUnderlyingCauses

事故的根本原因STOP安全观察Managementisaccountableforsafety管理层对安全要负责Everyoneisresponsibleforsafety安全同时也是每一个人的责任Safetyisaconditionofemployment

安全也是雇佣合同的一部分Allinjuriesandoccupationalillnessescanbeprevented所有的事故都能防范Safetymustbeequaltoquality,morale,cost,andproduction

安全等同于质量、信念、费用及生产Anearmissisamatterofluck一起未遂事件只是说明这次运气好Safetyoffthejobisanimportantelementoftheoverallsafetyeffort非工时段的安全同样非常重要Safetydoesnotstopattheoffice不能只在办公室讲安全DoYouAgree

?

你同意么?STOP安全观察PersonalBenefits个人好处PreventingInjuries防止受伤AvoidingPainandSuffering免受疼痛困绕ShowingColleaguesyoucareabouttheirwelfare向同伴显示你在关爱他们Helpingkeepyourfamilyandfriendsathomesafe帮助你的家人及朋友在家中也安全BusinessBenefits业务上的好处Productivity生产率Quality质量Relationships各方关系Costs费用PublicImage公众形象StatutoryCompliance遵纪守法BenefitsofGoodSafetyBehaviour获益于安全行为STOP安全观察WhatisanUnsafeActandanUnsafeCondition

什么是不安全行为和不安全状况呢UnsafeAct&UnsafeConditionSTOP安全观察AnUnsafeActis:不安全行为Somethingdonebyapersonthatcancauseanincidentorinjury.某人的所作所为可能导致事故或人员的伤害AnUnsafeConditionis:不安全状态AsituationthatcausesanincidentorinjuryUnsafeActscanoftenbethecauseofUnsafeConditions.现场的形势可能导致伤害或事故通常不安全状态能导致不安全行为UnsafeAct&UnsafeConditionSTOP安全观察Tomakespaceforameeting,anemployeeputsapileofpaperfromdeskontothefloor为了腾出地方开会，员工把一堆纸从桌上移到地板上Smokedetectorissoundlessafterbeepingforseveraldaysindicatingthatthebatteriesareweak烟感探头鸣叫了几天后终于不叫了，因为电池消耗光了Employeesitsondesk

员工坐在桌子上Pavementfromcarparktoofficeispartiallycoveredinice

停车场到办公室的人行道上布满了冰ActorCondition?STOP安全观察UnsafeActsthatCauseDAFWC’s

&RestrictedWorkInjuries不安全行为能导致非常严重的伤害

UnsafeActsAssociatedwith以下因素构成的不安全行为PercentofInjuries造成的事故PersonalProtectiveEquipment个人防护用品PositionsofPeople位置或姿势不当ReactionsofPeople个人反应Tools工具Equipment设备Procedures程序Orderliness文明施工（内务）TotalInjuriesCausedbyUnsafeActs总数TotalInjurieswithOtherCauses其它因素12%30%14%20%8%11%1%

96%4%=100%Statistics

统计STOP安全观察Usea“questioningattitude”

使用问讯的方式Thismeansusing“Whatif”and“How”“如果”和“怎样”Bealertforpeoples’reactions

关注对方的反应Sometimespeoplewillreacttoyourpresencebystoppingtheirunsafeactsonlywhenyouarenearby有时，人们只是因为你的到来而改变他的不安全行为Anyreactionisacluetoapossibleunsafebehaviour任何反应都隐藏着可能存在不安全行为的线索Lookintothereasonsforthereaction

找出他作业如此反应的原因Unsafebehaviour?Ifyes,thenWhat?andWhy?存在不安全行为吗？是什么？为什么？Observing&TalkingtoPeople

观察并对话STOP安全观察Torecordunsafeacts,behavioursandpreventativemeasures

记下不安全的行为动作及防范措施

Todetecttrends甚至接下去的趋势

ItisNOT:

不要torecordnames

记录姓名tocountnumberofcardssubmitted留意已填了多少卡片toblameindividuals

责骂对方Successismeasurablebythereductionininjuries

andnotbythenumberofcardssubmitted成功的标志是伤害事故的降低，而不是填了多少卡片WhyRecordObservationsUsingCards为什么用专用卡片记录？STOP安全观察

STOPcardsaremadeupof2sections

STOP卡片由两部分组成ObservationChecklist检查表（清单）Toremindyouwhattolookfor提醒你看什么Tosummariseyourobservationsbytickingthe

appropriateboxesonthecard,youcantickone

boxormoreifappropriate

通过打钩来总结你的观察ObservationReport

观察报告Recordobservations-bothpositiveandnegative客观记录-正面负面都记Summarizeactionsbywritingwhathappened,try

nottomentionnamesbutkeepthecardsneutral由书写的过程来总结，保持中立并不要记录被观察人的姓名SafetyObservationSTOPCard

STOP卡片STOP安全观察Describewhatwasobserved

描述你的所见Recordactiontakentoreinforceorcorrectthebehavioursobserved记录纠错的行为Completeafte