河北省保定市定州市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

2023—2024学年高二年级上学期期末考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichpartoftheplaydoesthemanlikemost?A.Thestory. B.Theending. C.Theactor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jack,howdoyouliketheplay?M:It’sasimplestorywithahappyending,but,luckily,theyhadaverystrongactor,andhemanagedtocarrythewholeplay.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichplacearethespeakerstryingtofind?A.Ahotel. B.Abank. C.Arestaurant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Havewemissedit?Themansaidit’sonlyfiveblocksawayoppositethebank.W:Waitaminute,theChineserestaurant,thenationalbank.Thereitis,theRadissonHotel.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.TheirfriendJane. B.Aweekendtrip. C.Aradioprogram.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Iheardontheradiothatitwillbesunnyduringtheholidayweekend.MaybewecantakeatriptoBoston.W:Thatsoundsgreat.I’llcallJanetoseeifshe’dliketojoinus.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Goshopping. B.Seethemanoff. C.Catchatrain.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’snearly8.Ifyouwanttocatchthe9o’clocktrain,you’dbettergonow.M:Don’tworryI’lldrivetothestation.W:Inthatcase,letmegowithyouandyoudropmeoffatthecitycenter.I’llgototheopenmarket.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidthewomanapologize?A.Shecouldn’ttakethecakeback.B.Shewenttothewrongplace.C.Shemadealatedelivery.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Iamsorrythecakeislate.We’lldobetternexttime.Ipromise.M:Well,I’msorry,too.Youhavetotakeitback.Thebirthdaypartyisoverandwedon’tneedthecakeanymore.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Theairportisclosed.B.Theplanewilltakeofftonight.C.Thewomanhasmissedherflight.7.Whatdoesthewomanwant?A.Ahotelclosetotheairport.B.Aroomforherselfalone.C.Aroomwithbrightlight.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,whathashappened?Willtheplanetakeofftonight?M:Sorry,madam.Theairportisclosed.Planeswon’ttakeoffuntiltomorrowmorning.W:What?Thenwherecanwestayforthenight?M:We’vearrangedroomsforyouintheairporthotel.Twopassengerswillsharearoom.W:Hmm...that’stoobad.M:Anyproblem,madam?W:Yes,Ihaveabadhabit.Ican’tsleepwithourlightson.M:Oh,really?Justnowaladytoldmeshehadthesamehabit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shedoesn’tlikeMQ205.B.Shecan’taffordacamera.C.Sheisn’tfamiliarwiththeInternet.9.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Orderacamera. B.Changethemodel. C.Reducethebudget.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Mycamerahasbrokendown.I’mthinkingofbuyinganewone.M:TryMQ205andyouwon’tregretit.W:Iknow.Thismodelisofgoodqualityanddesign,butit’stooexpensive.M:YoucanbuyacheaperoneontheInternet.W:OntheInternet?How?M:Usethesearchengine,andsearchfor“cheapMQ205”.W:Asearchengine?Hmm...What’sthat?M:You’rereallylivingintheStoneAge.Allright,tellmeyourbudget,andI’llseewhetherIcangetoneforyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.HowlongwillthemanprobablystayinNewZealand?A.Oneweek. B.Twoweeks. C.Threeweeks.11.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.TogotoNewZealandafterChristmas.B.Tobookhisflightassoonaspossible.C.Tosavemoremoneyforhistrip.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutflightstoNewZealandatChristmastime?A.Theyrequireearlybooking.B.Theycanbetwicemoreexpensivethanusual.C.Theyareonspecialoffer.【答案】10.C11.B12.B【解析】【原文】M:Let’sgoandhavelunchtogether.W:OK.M:Bytheway,I’mthinkingofgoingtoNewZealandaroundChristmasforthreeweeks.It’ssuchabeautifulcountry.I’veneverbeentherebefore.W:Haveyoubookedtheflight?M:Notyet.Iamplanningtobookmyflightintwoweeks.W:Bookyourflightrightnow.M:Why?W:Becausethelongeryouleaveit,themoreexpensiveitwillbe.Asamatteroffact,thepricemaydoubleatChristmastime.NewZealandersusuallygohomeforChristmas.M:ThenI’mgoingtobookmyflighttomorrowmorning.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowdoesthewomanthinkMarkfeels?A.Frightened. B.Unhappy. C.Anxious.14.WhatwasCatherinedoingwhenthespeakersgothome?A.Readingherbooks.B.Playingwithherfriends.C.Chattingwiththeoperator.15.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Couples. B.Classmates. C.Colleagues.16.WhatwillthespeakersdoforMark?A.Writedowntheirownexperiences.B.Createanunexpectedsituation.C.Keeparecordofhisreactions.【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:IthinkMarkisfrightenedtobeleftaloneinthehouse.Althoughhedoesn’tlookanxiousorunhappy,Iknowhe’sjustpretendingtobebrave.M:Honey,he’salready14.Remember,weleftCatherinealonewhenshewas10.W:Thatwasamistake!Wedidn’tleaveher.Weforgother!M:Whenwegothome,shewasfine—exceptthatallherbookswerethrownoutofthewindow.Shewaschattingwiththeemergencyphoneoperatorandhadbecomefriendswithher.W:Yeah.ButwehavetomakesurethatMarkknowswhattodoincaseofemergency.M:Ofcoursehedoes.Hetookpartinthefirstaidtrainingprogramlastmonthandpassedtheexam.W:Theexam?Ithelpsabsolutelynoreality.M:Hmm,youhaveapoint.W:I’vegotasolutionLet’screateanemergencysituationforhim.Thenhe’llhavereal-lifeexperienceinsteadofjusttheory.M:OK.Butkeeptheplanbetweenus.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportgotoBritain?A.Almost15%. B.About30%. C.Over40%.18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?A.Teawithmilkishealthy.B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.C.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?A.Teatasters. B.Teaexporters. C.Teacompanies.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Thelifeofteatasters.B.AfternoonteainBritain.C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Lookatthispicture.It’stheLondonTeaTradeCentre.Asyoucansee,itisontheNorthBankoftheRiverThames.ItisthecenterofanimportantindustryintheeverydaylifeoftheBritishpeople.About30percentoftheworld’sexportofteamakesitswaytoLondon.AndBritainisbyfarthelargestimporterofteaintheworld.Nowinthesecondpicture,youcanseehowteaistastedintheTeaTradeCentrebeforeitissold.Here,differenttypesofteaaretastedbyskilledtea-tastersbeforetheyaresoldateachweek’steasale.It’samazingtoseethematwork!Overahundredkindsofteaarelaidoutinalineonalongtable.Thetastersgenerallytasteteawithmilk,asthemajorityofBritishpeopledrinktheirtea.Thetastersmovedownthelinewithsurprisingspeed,tastingfromaspoonanddecidingwhatisafairpriceforeachtea.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A4IceRinks(溜冰场)InTheUKWinterWonderland,Cardiff,WalesDuration:16November2023—2January2024Thisrinkissee-through,allowingviewsofCardiffCastlewhilebeingshelteredfromtheelements.Forfurtherfunontheice,traveldowntheIceWalkthatextendsthroughthegroundsfor150mwithabreathtakingbackdropoftheNormanKeep.SomersetHouse,London,EnglandDuration:15November2023—14January2024ThemagicalrinkisatSomersetHouse.Thisrinkoffersskateschoolclassesandwheelchairsessions,soeverybodyhasaccesstoit.Treatyourselfpost-skatingwiththeSkateExtrasattheChaletSuisseintheWestWingofSomersetHouse,includingahotchocolateandchocolatefondues(奶酪火锅).RoyalPavilionIceRink,Brighton,EnglandDuration:28October2023—7January2024Thosesummerscorchersattheseasidemightbeadistantmemory,butthere’sstillreasontoheadtothecoastthisChristmas.Setagainstthecity’sIndo-Saracenic-styleformerroyalresidence,Brighton’sgreen-energyicerinkhasspecialfreesessionsforunder-5s,andwarmingoffersattherinksideBar&Kitchenincludehotchocolatewithmarshmallows.Edinburgh’sChristmasIceRink,Edinburgh,ScotlandDuration:17November2023—6January2024Whenyou’vehadenjoyedthedeliciousfoodattheChristmasMarketsalongPrincesStreet,makeyourwaytoGeorgeStreettoenjoyaglideacrosstheice.FixedbetweenCastleStreetandCharlotteSquare,thecoveredrinkmakesitsmarkwithitsscenicbackdropoftheCityChambers.21.WhatisspecialaboutSomersetHouse?A.Itprovidesfreewheelchairsessions. B.Foodsareservedbeforeskating.C.Anyonecanskatethere. D.PeoplecantraveldowntheIceWalk.22.Whichicerinkcanoffervisitorsthelongestopentime?A.RoyalPavilionIceRink. B.SomersetHouse.C.WinterWonderland. D.Edinburgh’sChristmasIceRink.23.Whoarelikelytovisittheseplaces?A.Thosewhoenjoydeliciousfoods. B.Thosewhoarefondofshopping.C.Thosewholiketotravelaround. D.Thosewhoarekeenonskating.【答案】21C22.A23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国的四个溜冰场的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分“Thisrinkoffersskateschoolclassesandwheelchairsessions,soeverybodyhasaccesstoit.(这个溜冰场提供滑冰学校课程和轮椅课程，所以每个人都可以进入)”可知，萨默塞特府的特别之处是任何人都可以在那里滑冰。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，WinterWonderland开放时间为2023年11月16日至2024年1月2日；SomersetHouse开放时间为2023年11月15日至2024年1月14日；RoyalPavilionIceRink开放时间为2023年10月28日至2024年1月7日；Edinburgh’sChristmasIceRink开放时间为2023年11月17日至2024年1月6日。故RoyalPavilionIceRink开放时间最长。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据标题“4IceRinks(溜冰场)InTheUK(英国的四个溜冰场)”可知，那些喜欢滑冰的人有可能参观这些地方。故选D。BGrowingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana,OsciBoatengwatchedmanyofhisfamilymembersandneighborsstruggletoaccessbasichealthcare.Inmanyregionsofthecountry,itcantakehourstogettothenearesthospital.Boatengsaidmanypeoplelosttheirlivesduetopreventableortreatablediseases.Hisgrandmotherandauntwereamongthem.Feelinganurgentcalltohelp,Boatengdecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhanawhereeducationandpreventativehealthcarewerelacking.Boatengwantedtofindawaytoremovethesebarrierstohealthcareaccessandeducation.Hestartedhisnonprofitorganization,OKBHopeFoundation.In2021,heconverted(转变)avan(面包车)intoamobiledoctor’sofficeandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysicianassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysis(尿液分析)aswellasprovidemedicine.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.Sinceitslaunch,theHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare,accordingtoBoateng.BoatenghasgoneallinonhisOKBHopeFoundation,recentlyquittinghisjobtodedicatehistimetobringinghealthcaretohishomecountry.Butforhim,thesacrifices(牺牲)arewellworth.“Wordscannotdescribethefeelingthatyouprovidecareforsomeonewhootherwisewouldn’tbealiveifyourmobilehealthvanwasn’tthere.”Hehasbigplansforthefuture.Hehopestoexpandthemtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutthoseinothercountries.24.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningtheexampleinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheimportanceoflife. B.TodescribehowhardBoateng’sfamilylived.C.Topointoutwhat’swrongwiththehospital. D.Tostresstheseriousnessoflackinghealthcare.25.HowdoesBoatengcarryouthismission?A.Heoperatesonpatientsinthevan. B.Herentsadoctor’sofficewhereverhegoes.C.Heprovidesmedicalcarebychargingsomefees. D.Heofferspeoplehealthcareusingmobileclinic.26.WhatdoweknowabouttheHopeHealthVan?A.Itreallyworks. B.Itmakesaprofit.C.ItservesthewholeGhana. D.Itproducessomegoodmedicine.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeBoateng?A.Reliableandcreative. B.Caringandambitious.C.Considerateandhumorous. D.Determinedanddemanding.【答案】24.D25.D26.A27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了OsciBoateng通过一辆移动的移动诊所为人们提供医疗服务，并解释了他这么做背后的原因以及这辆车所取得的一些成绩。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“GrowingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana,OsciBoatengwatchedmanyofhisfamilymembersandneighborsstruggletoaccessbasichealthcare.Inmanyregionsofthecountry,itcantakehourstogettothenearesthospital.Boatengsaidmanypeoplelosttheirlivesduetopreventableortreatablediseases.Hisgrandmotherandauntwereamongthem.(OsciBoateng在加纳南部的一个小村庄长大，他看到他的许多家庭成员和邻居都难以获得基本的医疗保健。在该国的许多地区，到最近的医院可能需要几个小时。Boateng说，许多人死于可预防或可治疗的疾病。他的祖母和姨妈也在其中)”可推知，提到第1段中的例子的目的是强调缺乏卫生保健的严重性。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“In2021,heconverted(转变)avan(面包车)intoamobiledoctor’sofficeandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.(2021年，他将一辆面包车改装成流动医生办公室，开始直接为有需要的人提供医疗服务)”可知，Boateng通过移动诊所为人们提供医疗服务来执行他的任务。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sinceitslaunch,theHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare,accordingtoBoateng.(Boateng说，自启动以来，“希望健康车”已经为超过45个农村社区的4000多名加纳人提供了服务，否则这些人就无法轻易获得医疗服务)”可知，希望健康车确实有效。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Feelinganurgentcalltohelp,Boatengdecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhanawhereeducationandpreventativehealthcarewerelacking.(Boateng感到迫切需要帮助，他决定把把医疗保健带到加纳缺乏教育和预防性医疗保健的偏远社区作为自己一生的使命)”以及最后一段“Hehopestoexpandthemtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutthoseinothercountries.(他希望扩大这些服务，不仅为生活在加纳偏远地区的人们，也为生活在其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务)”可推知，Boateng为有需要的人提供医疗服务，并且想要将来为在其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务，说明了他有爱心，有抱负。故选B。CLandscapearchitectKotchakornVoraakhomhasdesignedanewgreenroofontheRangsitCampusofThammasatUniversity,about25milesnorthofcentralBangkok,Thailand.Herimaginativeworkchallengesthecommonthinkingthaturbanizationhasanegativeimpactontheplanet,whetherflooding,excess(过度的)energyuse,disrupted(扰乱)biodiversityortheheatislandeffect.The236,806-square-footstructure,whichopenedinDecember2019,includesafloodwatermanagementsystemandAsia’slargestrooftoporganicfarm.Itcombinesmodernlandscapearchitecturewithtraditionalagriculturalknowledge,creatingagreenandfriendlyenvironment.Thegreenroof,containinganH-shapedlandscape,lookslikeafuturistichillwithabrickbuildingbeneathit.Thehillfeaturesacomplexpatternofzigzaggingterraces(之字形梯田)ofplantedbeds,leadingallthewaydowntothebottom.Whenrainwaterhitstheroof,itflowsdownthezigzagswhilebeingabsorbedbythesoilinthebeds,Theexcesswaterisdirectedintofourstorageponds—withacapacityofupto3milliongallons.Theprocessslowsdowntheflowspeedofrainwaterrunoffcomparedtoanormalconcreterooftop.Thiskeepstheareafromfloodingduringheavyrains.Theroof’sterracesarefilledwithorganicallygrowncrops,includingadroughttolerantvarietyofrice,manylocalvegetablesandherbs.Thefarmcansupplythecanteensoncampuswithalargeamountofrice,herbsandvegetablesayear.Thefoodwasteiscomposted(把……制成堆肥)tofertilizethefarm,andwaterfromthestoragepondsisusedtowaterplants,creatinganentirelylocalizedandcircularsystem.Thefarmservesasanoutdoorclassroomandasourceoflocaljobs,too.Farmersofferworkshopsonsustainableagricultureandnutritionaspartoftheuniversity’ssustainabilitycurriculum.“Studentsandcommunitymembersareinvitedtoparticipateinseasonalseeding,harvesting,andsoon,”saysVoraakhom.“Theurbanfarmistraininganewgenerationoforganicfarmerswithreal-worldskills.Italsopromotesasenseofcommunity.”28.WhatcanwesayaboutVoraakhom’swork?A.It’sshort-lived. B.It’screative.C.It’sdemanding. D.It’stime-consuming.29.Whyistherooftopdesignedtobezigzag?A.Tostoremorewater.B.Toplantdiversevegetables.C.Toslowthespeedofwaterflow.D.Tomakeitlookmoreattractivethanotherbuildings.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefarmfromparagraph4?A.Itusesfoodasfertilizer. B.Itbenefitstheenvironment.C.Itimprovesstudents’lifestyle. D.Itproducesvegetablesandfruits.31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningtheoutdoorclassroom?A.Studentscanlearnhands-onknowledgeonthefarm.B.Farmersworkingonthefarmcanbecomeprofessors.C.Thefarmpreventsgovernmentfromofferingpeoplejobs.D.Thefarmharmstherelationshipbetweenuniversityandcommunity.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了，景观设计师KotchakornVoraakhom在泰国曼谷市中心的Thammasat大学Rangsit校区设计了一个新的绿色屋顶，它将现代景观建筑与传统农业知识相结合，创造了一个绿色友好的环境。【28题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中“Herimaginativeworkchallengesthecommonthinkingthaturbanizationhasanegativeimpactontheplanet,whetherflooding,excess(过度的)energyuse,disrupted(扰乱)biodiversityortheheatislandeffect.(她的富有想象力的工作挑战了人们的普遍看法，即城市化对地球有负面影响，无论是洪水、过度能源使用、生物多样性破坏还是热岛效应)”可知，Voraakhom的作品富有想象力、很具创意。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中“Thehillfeaturesacomplexpatternofzigzaggingterraces(之字形梯田)ofplantedbeds,leadingallthewaydowntothebottom.Whenrainwaterhitstheroof,itflowsdownthezigzagswhilebeingabsorbedbythesoilinthebeds,Theexcesswaterisdirectedintofourstorageponds—withacapacityofupto3milliongallons.Theprocessslowsdowntheflowspeedofrainwaterrunoffcomparedtoanormalconcreterooftop.(小山以之字形梯田种植床为特征，一直通向底部。当雨水到达屋顶时，它沿着Z字形流下，同时被种植床上的土壤吸收。多余的水被引导到四个容量高达300万加仑的蓄水池中。与普通混凝土屋顶相比，这一过程减缓了雨水径流的流速)”可知，屋顶设计成之字形是为了减慢水流的速度。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中“Thefoodwasteiscomposted(把……制成堆肥)tofertilizethefarm,andwaterfromthestoragepondsisusedtowaterplants,creatinganentirelylocalizedandcircularsystem.(食物垃圾被堆肥以给农场施肥，储存池中的水被用来给植物浇水，形成了一个完全本地化的循环系统)”可知，食物垃圾可用来堆肥，储存池中的水可用来浇灌植物，无污染无浪费，此农场有益于环境。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中“Farmersofferworkshopsonsustainableagricultureandnutritionaspartoftheuniversity’ssustainabilitycurriculum.“Studentsandcommunitymembersareinvitedtoparticipateinseasonalseeding,harvesting,andsoon,”saysVoraakhom.(作为大学可持续发展课程的一部分，农民举办可持续农业和营养讲习班。Voraakhom说：“学生和社区成员被邀请参加季节性播种、收割等活动。”)”可知，通过农民举办的可持续农业和营养讲习班，学生会被邀请参加季节性播种、收割等活动，可得出作者提到户外教室，是为了表明学生可以在农场学习动手知识。故选A项。DPlasticiseverywhereinourmodernworld.Itstoughnessmakesitanextremelyusefulmaterialfromhouseholditemstovehicleparts,butthatsametoughnessmakesithardtobreakdownforrecyclingordisposal(处理).However,JapanesescientistsattheUniversityofTokyohavedevelopedanewplasticmaterialthatcanbebrokendownmoreeasilyandcanself-healandrememberpastshapes.Basedonakindofplasticcalledanepoxyresinvitrimer,whichisbrittle(脆性的),thenewplasticboastsahugerangeofadvantages.Oncescratchedwithaknife,itcancompletelypatchitselfupafterbeingheatedto150℃forjust60seconds.Whenshapedintotheshapeofacrane,thenflattened,itcanfolditselfbackintothecraneshapebybeingheatedup.Itdoesallofthismuchfasterthanothersofitstype.Thenewplasticcanalsobreakdowneasier.Evenifit’sdiscarded(丢弃)intotheenvironment,itstillposeslessofa,problemthanotherkindsofplastic,whichtheteamdemonstratedbyplacingitinseawaterfor30days.Itbiodegradedby25%andreleasedmolecules(分子)thatareessentialfoodformarinelife.Thenewplasticismoreresistanttobreaking.Itcanalsorepairitself,andcanrecoveritsoriginalmemorizedshape.Itevenbiodegradessafelyinamarineenvironment,accordingtoShotaAndo,aresearcherofthestudy.Thematerialcanbeusedinavarietyofapplications,“Infrastructurematerialsforroadsandbridgesareoftencomposedofepoxyresinsmixedwithcompoundssuchasconcreteandcarbon,”saidAndo.“Byusingthenewplastic,thesewouldbeeasiertomaintainastheywouldbestrongerandhealableusingheat.Unlikeconventionalepoxyresins,thisnewmaterialishardbutstretchable,soitcouldalsobeexpectedtostronglybondmaterialsofdifferenthardnessandstretch.”32.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopicofthetext. B.Toshowthedisadvantagesofplastic.C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofplastic. D.Toindicatehisviewsonpreviousplastic.33.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“patchitselfup”meaninparagraph2?A.Changeitself. B.Shapeitself. C.Repairitself. D.Burnitself.34.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewplastic?A.Itissafeforanimalsintheocean. B.Itcanprovidenutritionforanimals.CItcanchangeitsshapewhenfrozen. D.Itismorebrittlethanpreviousplastic.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ResearchOfNewMolecules B.AnInterestingScientificStudyC.TheWidespreadApplicationOfPlastic D.ANewEnvironmentallyFriendlyPlastic【答案】32.A33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了，东京大学的日本科学家开发了一种新型环保塑料材料，这种材料更容易分解，可以自我愈合并记住过去的形状。【32题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中“However,JapanesescientistsattheUniversityofTokyohavedevelopedanewplasticmaterialthatcanbebrokendownmoreeasilyandcanself-healandrememberpastshapes.(然而，东京大学的日本科学家开发了一种新的塑料材料，这种材料更容易分解，可以自我愈合并记住过去的形状)”和下文段落对这种新型环保材料优点的介绍可知，第一段目的在于介绍本文的主题——一种新型环保塑料材料。故选A项。【33题详解】词句猜测题。由第二段中“Oncescratchedwithaknife,itcancompletelypatchitselfupafterbeingheatedto150℃forjust60seconds.Whenshapedintotheshapeofacrane,thenflattened,itcanfolditselfbackintothecraneshapebybeingheatedup.(一旦用刀刮伤，加热到150℃只需60秒，它就可以完全patchitselfup。当它被塑造成鹤的形状，然后被压平时，它可以通过加热将自己折叠回鹤的形状)”和第四段中“Itcanalsorepairitself,andcanrecoveritsoriginalmemorizedshape.(它还可以自我修复，并可以恢复其记忆中的原始形状)”可知，这种新型环保塑料材料通过加热能回到之前的形状，结合选项，可推断出一旦这种新型环保塑料材料被刀刮伤，加热到150℃只需60秒，它就可以完全修补，划线词意为“自行修复（Repairitself）”。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中“Itbiodegradedby25%andreleasedmolecules(分子)thatareessentialfoodformarinelife.(它能生物降解25%，并释放出海洋生物所必需的食物分子)”和第四段中“Itevenbiodegradessafelyinamarineenvironment,accordingtoShotaAndo,aresearcherofthestudy.(该研究的研究员ShotaAndo表示，它甚至在海洋环境中安全地生物降解)”可知，新型环保塑料材料能给海洋生物提供所必需的食物分子，在海洋中安全地生物降解，它对海洋中的动物来说是安全的。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中“However,JapanesescientistsattheUniversityofTokyohavedevelopedanewplasticmaterialthatcanbebrokendownmoreeasilyandcanself-healandrememberpastshapes.(然而，东京大学的日本科学家开发了一种新的塑料材料，这种材料更容易分解，可以自我愈合并记住过去的形状)”和下文段落对这种新型环保材料优点的介绍可知，本文介绍了一种新型环保塑料材料及其优点，D项“一种新型环保塑料”符合文意。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SharedReadingisauniqueexperienceandexposesustogreatandvariedliterature.____36____.Shortstories,poemsornovelextractsarereadaloudwithinthesocialatmosphereofagroup.Thenpeoplejoininginsharedreadingsharetheirthoughtsandfeelingsonthetext.Sharedreadingisespeciallybeneficialtochildren.Here’resomebenefitsofsharedreading.Createapositiveandsupportivereadingenvironment.Whenchildrenandadultscometogethertoreadandexploreatext,theydevelopasenseofcommunityandasharedexperience.____37____.Besides,itcanhelpbuildstrongbondsandconnectionsbetweenreaders.____38____.Duringsharedreadingsessions,childrenareexposedtorichandvariedwords.Byhearingfluentreadingfromadults,childrencanlearnmorenewwords.Bysharingthoughtsandfeelingsonthetext,childrendevelopadeeperunderstandingofthetext.Thisapproachhelpsthembeactivereadersandlearnmorewords.Developalifelongloveforbooks.Aschildrenobservethepleasureandvaluetheiradultcounterpartsplaceonreading,theyaremorelikelytodevelopalifelongloveforbooksthemselves.____39____.Promotesocialandemotionalgrowth.Duringsharedreading,childrenparticipateindiscussionsandsharetheirthoughtsandopinions.What’smore,theylistentoothers.Asforthem,itisofsignificance.____40____.Theygainconfidenceintheirabilitiestoexpresstheirviewpointsandengageinmeaningfulconversations,skillsthatarevitalforsuccessinvariousaspectsoflife.A.LearnmoreabouttheworldB.ThiscanenhancetheirmotivationstoreadC.ExpandvocabularyandcomprehensionskillsD.ItallowspeopletodiscovermoreaboutthemselvesandothersE.It’simportantforthemtofinishreadingasmanybooksastheycanF.TheylearntoexpressthemselveseffectivelyandrespecttheideasofothersG.Theaffectioncanhaveasignificantimpactontheiracademicachievements【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.G40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了共享阅读的含义以及带来的好处。【36题详解】根据上文“SharedReadingisauniqueexperienceandexposesustogreatandvariedliterature.(共享阅读是一种独特的体验，让我们接触到伟大而多样的文学作品)”可知，上文提到了共享阅读让我们接触到伟大而多样的文学作品，可知本句承接上文继续说明共享阅读带来的好处。故D选项“它让人们更多地了解自己和他人”符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】根据上文“Createapositiveandsupportivereadingenvironment.Whenchildrenandadultscometogethertoreadandexploreatext,theydevelopasenseofcommunityandasharedexperience.(创造一个积极和支持性的阅读环境。当孩子和成人一起阅读和探索一篇文章时，他们会产生一种社区意识和共同的体验)”可知，本句主要说明上文“孩子和成人一起阅读和探索一篇文章”所产生的积极结果。故B选项“这可以增强他们阅读的动机”符合语境，故选B。【38题详解】根据后文“Duringsharedreadingsessions,childrenareexposedtorichandvariedwords.Byhearingfluentreadingfromadults,childrencanlearnmorenewwords.Bysharingthoughtsandfeelingsonthetext,childrendevelopadeeperunderstandingofthetext.Thisapproachhelpsthembeactivereadersandlearnmorewords.(在共享阅读课程中，孩子们接触到丰富多样的词汇。通过听大人流利的朗读，孩子们可以学到更多的新单词。通过分享对课文的想法和感受，孩子们对课文有了更深的理解。这种方法可以帮助他们成为积极的读者，学习更多的单词)”可知，本段主要说明了共享阅读可以扩大词汇量以及提升理解能力。故C选项“扩大词汇量和理解能力”符合语境，故选C。【39题详解】根据上文“Developalifelongloveforbooks.Aschildrenobservethepleasureandvaluetheiradultcounterpartsplaceonreading,theyaremorelikelytodevelopalifelongloveforbooksthemselves.(培养对书籍的终身热爱。当孩子们观察到成人对阅读的乐趣和重视时，他们更有可能对书籍产生终身的热爱)”可知，上文提到了孩子们对书籍产生终身的热爱，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明这种热爱的影响。故G选项“这种感情会对他