广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题【含答案解析】

梅州市高中期末考试试卷(2024.1)高二英语本试卷共6页,满分130分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1、选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的,答案无效。考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。2.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节：(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)阅读下列3篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AMasterGardenerVolunteersWantedWhatisaMasterGardener?Amastergardenerisacitizenthatisinterestedingardeningandcanfulfillthetrainingandvolunteerhoursnecessary.Requirementsvarybycountyandstate,andthecourseistailoredforthatspecificregion.Youwillreceivespecialeducationonthesoilsinyourarea,thetypesofnativeplants，insectanddiseaseissues，basicbotany，andotherinformationpertinent(相关的)toyourgardeningzone.Theeducationalopportunitytolearnspecificsaboutwhereyougardenwillnotonlyhelpyoube-comeabettergardenerbutisthenpassedalongtothegeneralpublicinlectures,clinics,andthroughnewsletters.WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?AnyonecanapplytobeaMasterGardener——youdon’tneedtobeanexpertorhaveadegree.Youdo,however,needto:●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.●Bewillingtosharehorticulture(园艺学)informationwithothers.●Bewillingtoattendatrainingprogramandcandevotetimetovolunteeringandcontinuingeducation.Besides,tobecomeaMasterGardenervolunteer,eachapplicantneedstocompleteanapplication,preparebackgroundscreeningpaperworkandscheduleaninterviewwithExtensionstaff.WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?Trainingsessionsareofferedonedayaweekoverathree-monthperiodandareledbyexperteducatorsintheregion.Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand50hoursofvolunteerinternship(实习)workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.1.WhatdoesaMasterGardenerdo?A.Promotegardeningpracticesabroad.B.Trainvolunteerstohelpwithagriculture.C.Teachtheyouthaboutdietsandagriculture.D.Donatetimetothelocalgardeningextension.2.WhatisrequiredifyouwanttoapplytobeaMasterGardener?A.Havingsomerelevantknowledge. B.Acquiringexcellentteachingskills.C.Completinggiventrainingsessions. D.Obtainingrichvolunteerexperience.3.HowlongwillittaketoremainaqualifiedMasterGardenerthesecondyear?A.About40hours. B.Threemonths. C.About150hours. D.About110hours.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍招聘园艺大师志愿者的条件以及有关事宜。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatisaMasterGardener?中的“Amastergardenerisacitizenthatisinterestedingardeningandcanfulfillthetrainingandvolunteerhoursnecessary.（园艺大师是对园艺感兴趣的公民，能够完成必要的培训和志愿服务时间。）”可知，园艺大师为当地园艺活动贡献时间。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?中的“AnyonecanapplytobeaMasterGardener——youdon’tneedtobeanexpertorhaveadegree.Youdo,however,needto:（任何人都可以申请成为园艺大师——你不需要是专家或有学位。然而，你需要:）●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.（对园艺或景观管理有一定的经验或了解。）●Bewillingtosharehorticulture(园艺学)informationwithothers.（愿意与他人分享园艺信息。）●Bewillingtoattendatrainingprogramandcandevotetimetovolunteeringandcontinuingeducation.（愿意参加培训项目，愿意花时间做志愿者和继续教育。）”可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，你需要具备有一定的相关知识。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?中“InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.（要成为认证园艺大师，每年需要30小时的志愿工作和10小时的继续教育或高级培训。）”可知，第二年要40个小时才能成为合格的园艺大师。故选A。BIfyouwanttostayinshape,butdon’thavethetimetogotothegym,theMobileGymisagoodsolution.It’sbasicallyalargebusfilledwiththelatestfitnessequipment.Youcanfindeverythingyouneedforacompleteworkout,andhere’sthebestpart—youdon’tneedtogotothegym,andthegymcomestoyou!TheMobileGymwastheideaofAdamZickerman,founderofInformFitness,apopularchainofgymsacrosstheUnitedStates.Ithithimwhenheorderedlunchfromafoodtruckoneafternoon.Sowhynotputagymonatruck?Zickermanexperimentedwithafewdesignsandtheninvested$60,000onmakingadaptationsandfixingmachines.Hedidn’treallyneedanadvertisingbudgetasthebusadvertiseditself.CarolePallmeyer,forinstance,foundherselfdrivingbehindtheMobileGymoneday.Atfirstshethoughtitwasaregularbuswithadsforagym.Butthensherealizedthebusitselfwasagym,soshebookedworkoutsessionsforherentirefamily.“Weareallbusy,butweknowthebusiscomingandmakesurewearehomeat4:30fortheworkouts,”shesaid.“Youforgetyou’reonabusbecausetheworkoutsaretightlyscheduled.”Unfortunately,itisillegaltousethefitnessequipmentwhilethebusismoving,soyoudon’tgettosavetimebyworkingoutduringtherushtime.Itoperatesonlyonceaweek,onlytwoclients(客户)canbeaccommodatedatatimeonthebus.Anditdoesn’tcomecheap.Sessionsstartat$100,whilein-houseworkoutsare$65.ButtheMobileGymappearstobeabighit.“TherearesomanybenefitstohavingtheMobileGymcometoyou,”Zickermansaid.“Onlyfivetosevenexercisescompleteatotal-bodyworkoutwhenperformedusingourspecialequipment.”Healsoaddedthata20-minuteworkoutmightsoundeasy,butitisreallydifficultandprovidesinstantresults.“Itisverychallengingandclientsunderstandquicklywhyrestisimportantbetweenworkouts.”4.WhatinspiredZickermantoinventtheMobileGym?A.Ausualorderforameal.B.Acasualvisittoagym.C.Atightscheduleforworkout.D.Aspecificexperienceofexercise.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitoftheMobileGym?A.Itoffersspecialequipment.B.Itcanmeettheneedofatotal-bodyworkout.C.Itmakesitpossibleforclientstodoexerciseontheirwaywork.D.Itprovidesclientswithanappropriateandeffectiveworkout.6.What’sZickerman’sattitudetowardstheMobileGym?A.Concerned.B.Negative.C.Objective.D.Positive.【答案】4.A5.C6.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了移动健身房的发明及其好处。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheMobileGymwastheideaofAdamZickerman,founderofInformFitness,apopularchainofgymsacrosstheUnitedStates.Ithithimwhenheorderedlunchfromafoodtruckoneafternoon.Sowhynotputagymonatruck?(移动健身房的想法是由AdamZickerman提出的，他是InFormFitnes的创始人，这是一家在美国很受欢迎的连锁健身房。一天下午，当他从一辆餐车上点午餐时，他突然想到了这一点。那为什么不在卡车上建个健身房呢?)”可知一次寻常的点餐让Zickerman有了创立移动健身房的想法。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘TherearesomanybenefitstohavingtheMobileGymcometoyou,’Zickermansaid.‘Onlyfivetosevenexercisescompleteatotal-bodyworkoutwhenperformedusingourspecialequipment.’Healsoaddedthata20-minuteworkoutmightsoundeasy,butitisreallydifficultandprovidesinstantresults.‘Itisverychallengingandclientsunderstandquicklywhyrestisimportantbetweenworkouts.’(‘移动健身房有很多好处,’Zickerman说。‘使用我们的特殊设备进行锻炼时，只要五到七项练习就能完成全身锻炼。’他还补充说，20分钟的锻炼听起来很容易，但实际上很难，而且可以起到立竿见影的效果。‘这非常具有挑战性的，客户很快就明白为什么在锻炼间隙休息很重要。’)”可知移动健身房有许多好处，比如节省时间、提供全身锻炼所需的特殊设备及提供有效训练。结合第四段第一句“Unfortunately,itisillegaltousethefitnessequipmentwhilethebusismoving,soyoudon’tgettosavetimebyworkingoutduringtherushtime.(不幸的是，在公共汽车行驶时使用健身器材是违法的，所以你不能在交通高峰时间锻炼来节省时间。)”可知C项“Itmakesitpossibleforclientstodoexerciseontheirwaywork.(它使客户在上班途中锻炼成为可能。)”不是移动健身房的优点。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘TherearesomanybenefitstohavingtheMobileGymcometoyou,’Zickermansaid.(‘移动健身房有很多好处，’Zickerman说。)”可知，Zickerman对移动健身房的是支持的。故选D项。CImaginetakingaflyingtaxitotheairport,orcrossingcrowdedcitystreetsatrushhour,gettingwhereyouwanttogofarfasterthanyoucouldinacar.Believeitornot,youmightbeabletodothesethingsinanelectricairtaxisoonerthanyouthink.Anairtaxiisasmallaircraft—somethinglikeamixbetweenahelicopter(直升飞机)andadrone(无人机)—that,cancarrypeoplefromplacetoplace.Airtaxisdon’tneedalongrunwaylikeplanesdo.Theycangostraightupanddown,likeahelicopter.AcompanycalledJobyhasbeenmakingandtestingflyingtaxissince2017.By2025,Jobyhopestostartcarryingpassengersformoney.They’veteamedupwithDeltaAirLinestocreateaprogramtoflypeoplefromtheirhomestotheairport.Jobyalsoexpectstheirairtaxistoprovidearide-sharingservice.Justlikeyoumightorderacartopickyouup,youcoulduseanapptoorderanairtaxi.Joby’sairtaxiswillbeflownbyapilot,andcancarryfourotherpassengers.Theycanflyasfastas200KPHandgoaround100milesbeforetheelectricbatteriesneedtoberecharged.Jobyclaimstheirtaxisarebothquieterandcheaperthanhelicopters.Thecompanyexpectstochargeabout$3amileatfirst.Butovertime,theyhopetobringthepricedowntolessthan$1permile.Excitingastheideaofflyingtaxisis,somepeoplehaveconcernsaboutthem.Thetaxismaybequieterthanhelicopters,butthey’llstilladdnoiseandtraffictoourskiesandendangerpublicsafetywhenpassengersareflyingthroughtheair.Still,itseemslikelythatairtaxiswillbepartofthefutureoftravel.TheU.S.governmentsays,“Wecouldseeairtaxisintheskiesby2024or2025.”7.Whatarethemainfeaturesoftheairtaxi?A.Traditionalandexpensive. B.Convenientandeconomical.C.Advancedbutspace-taking. D.Safebutenergy-consuming.8.Whyarehelicoptersmentionedinthetext?A.Togiveaguess. B.Topresentanargument.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Tointroduceaphenomenon.9.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusconcerningtheflyingtaxi?A.Itsmarketrisks. B.Itspromisingfuture.C.Itswiderecognition. D.Itspossibleweaknesses.10.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FlyingTaxisAreStartingtoTakeOffB.JobyHasAlreadyMass-producedAirTaxisC.ASolutionIsUsedtoSolveTrafficProblemsD.AmericaHasImprovedRide-sharingServices【答案】7.B8.C9.D10.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了空中出租车的相关信息。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Imaginetakingaflyingtaxitotheairport,orcrossingcrowdedcitystreetsatrushhour,gettingwhereyouwanttogofarfasterthanyoucouldinacar.Believeitornot,youmightbeabletodothesethingsinanelectricairtaxisoonerthanyouthink.(想象一下，坐飞行出租车去机场，或者在高峰时间穿过拥挤的城市街道，以比开车快得多的速度到达你想去的地方。信不信由你，你可能会在电动空中出租车上做这些事情，这发生得比你想象的都要快。)”可推知，电动空中出租车可以给人们带来便利。根据第四段中的“Jobyclaimstheirtaxisarebothquieterandcheaperthanhelicopters.(Joby声称他们的出租车比直升机更安静、更便宜。)”可知，空中出租车价格便宜。故选B。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Theycangostraightupanddown,likeahelicopter.(它们可以像直升机一样直上直下。)”和第五段中的“Thetaxismaybequieterthanhelicopters,butthey’llstilladdnoiseandtraffictoourskiesandendangerpublicsafetywhenpassengersareflyingthroughtheair.(这种出租车可能比直升机更安静，但当乘客在空中飞行时，它们仍然会给我们的天空增加噪音和交通，并危及公共安全。)”可知，作者提到空中出租车像直升机一样可以直上直下，而且它比直升机更加安静，由此可推测出，提直升机是为了将它与空中出租车作比较。故选C。【9题详解】段落大意题。根据第五段“Excitingastheideaofflyingtaxisis,somepeoplehaveconcernsaboutthem.Thetaxismaybequieterthanhelicopters,butthey’llstilladdnoiseandtraffictoourskiesandendangerpublicsafetywhenpassengersareflyingthroughtheair.(尽管飞行出租车的想法令人兴奋，但一些人对它们表示担忧。这种出租车可能比直升机更安静，但当乘客在空中飞行时，它们仍然会给我们的天空增加噪音和交通，并危及公共安全。)”可知，本段讲述了一些人担心空中出租车会产生噪音、增加交通负担、危机公共安全，这些都是空中出租车的潜在缺点。故选D。【10题详解】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段最后一句“Believeitornot,youmightbeabletodothesethingsinanelectricairtaxisoonerthanyouthink.(信不信由你，你可能会在电动空中出租车上做这些事情，这发生得比你想象的都要快。)”讲述了电动空中出租车即将成为现实，第二段讲述了这种出租车的特征，第三、四段讲述了Joby公司对这种出租车的研究和设想，第五段提到了人们对这种出租车的担忧，最后一段中的“Still,itseemslikelythatairtaxiswillbepartofthefutureoftravel.(尽管如此，空中出租车似乎很可能成为未来出行的一部分。)”进行总结：未来空中出租车有很大的前景。由此可推测出，本文主要讲述了空中出租车即将成为现实，A项“飞行的出租车即将开始起飞”最适合作为本文标题。故选A。第二节：七选五(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Itwouldbeeasytothinkthatsincehouseplantsliveinside,theydon’treallyexperienceseasonsastheiroutdoorrelativesdo.It’struethatthey’reprovidedalotmoreprotectioninside.___11___Theydo，theydoandthey’dappreciateafewseasonalchanges.Hereishowtokeepyourplantshappyasthesummergoesawayandcoolerdayscomealong.Ifyou’vegivenyourhouseplantsoutsidetimeinsummer,bringtheminbeforetemperaturesreachalowof55degreesFahrenheit.___12___Forexample,clearthedeadleaves,whichcanattractpests.Inthisway,youwon’tbringinwhatevermaybeharmfultoyourindoorenvironment.___13___Fallistheperfecttimetoleachout(滤掉)anysaltbylettingthewaterrunfreelyoutofthebottomofthepot.Thewaterwillalsocleanoffanydustthatcollectsontheleaves.Givethematrim(修剪).Removeanydeadordyingleaves：cuttheleavesthatarebrownoryellowatthebase.Forbrownoryellowingtips,youcanjustcutofftheunhealthyleaves.___14___Bemindfulofextremetemperatures.Beingextremelyhotorcoldcanstressplantsout.____15____Makesuretheyaren’tonthetopofradiators(散热器)orbyheaters;likewise,makesurethey’refarfromdoorsthatareopentotheoutside.A.Becarefulwithwatering.B.Givethemagoodshower.C.Notewhenyoubringhouseplantsoutside.DButyouhavetogivethemathoroughcheck.E.Sobecarefulaboutwhereyourplantsareliving.F.However,thisdoesn’tmeanthattheydon’tknowwhat’sgoingon.G.Butpleaseremembernottoremovemorethan20%oftheentireplant.【答案】11.F12.D13.B14.G15.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。很容易想到，因为室内植物生活在室内，它们并不像它们的户外亲戚那样真正体验季节。文章介绍如何让你的植物在夏天过去，凉爽的日子来临时保持快乐。【11题详解】根据上文提示“It’struethatthey’reprovidedalotmoreprotectioninside.”（的确，他们在里面得到了更多的保护。）承接上文，F项However,thisdoesn’tmeanthattheydon’tknowwhat’sgoingon.（然而，这并不意味着他们不知道发生了什么。）切题。该项中的However与上文构成转折关系，this指代的是上文中的providedalotmoreprotectioninside。故选F。【12题详解】根据上文提示“Ifyou’vegivenyourhouseplantsoutsidetimeinsummer,bringtheminbeforetemperaturesreachalowof55degreesFahrenheit.”（如果你夏天让室内植物在室外生长，那就在温度达到55华氏度之前把它们带进来。）再根据下文提示“Forexample,clearthedeadleaves,whichcanattractpests.”（例如，清除会吸引害虫的枯叶。）承接上下文，D项Butyouhavetogivethemathoroughcheck.（但你得给他们做个彻底的检查。）切题。该项中的But与上文构成转折关系，且下文是对该项的举例说明。故选D。【13题详解】此空是段落首句，根据下文提示“Fallistheperfecttimetoleachout(滤掉)anysaltbylettingthewaterrunfreelyoutofthebottomofthepot.Thewaterwillalsocleanoffanydustthatcollectsontheleaves.”（秋天是滤除盐的最佳时机，让水从壶底自由流动，水还可以清除叶子上积聚的灰尘。）由此可知，B项Givethemagoodshower.（给他们好好洗个澡。）切题。该项是段落中心句，下文是解释说明。故选B。【14题详解】根据上文提示“对于棕色或黄色的叶尖，你可以直接剪掉不健康的叶子。”承接上文，G项Butpleaseremembernottoremovemorethan20%oftheentireplant.（但是请记住不要移除超过整个植物的20%。）切题。该项中的But表明与上文构成转折关系，对上文的补充说明。故选G。【15题详解】根据上文提示“Beingextremelyhotorcoldcanstressplantsout.”（温度过高或过低都会给植物造成压力。）再根据下文提示“Makesuretheyaren’tonthetopofradiators(散热器)orbyheaters.”（确保它们不在散热器或加热器的顶部。）承接上下文，E项Sobecarefulaboutwhereyourplantsareliving.（所以要小心你的植物生长的地方。）切题。该项中的so表明与上文构成因果关系，又与下文的意思相吻合。故选E。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Atnineyearsold,Klynnfoundherfirsthero—alocalpoliceofficermakingthedailyroundsinherneighborhood.Shekepttrackofwhattimehewouldpassbyandwouldsitbythewindow___16___.Whenhecame,Klynnwould___17___wavetosayhelloandthepoliceofficer,whoenjoyedthefriendly___18___,wouldwaveback,smiling.Klynn’schildhoodwasanythingbut___19___.Withoutparents,shehadtotake___20___forheryoungerbrotherinaneighborhoodwherecrimes(犯罪)oftenoccurred.Shedideverythingshecould,eventhoughherown___21___wasdeclining.Thepair’sgreetingbecamea___22___,whichlightenedthegirl’sdarkworldandshegrew___23___totheofficer,forsheconsideredhimthemostreliablepersoninherworld.OnedaywhenKlynndidn’t___24___,theofficerknewsomethingwaswrong.HeapproachedKlynn’shouseandfoundherlyingonthefloor,___25___totakeasinglebreath.Theofficer___26___Klynntohospital,whereitwasdeterminedshewassufferingseveremalnutrition(营养不良).Later,Klynnmovedawaybeforebeingabletothankthemanwhohadensuredher___27___andevensavedherlife.Butshenever___28___him.20yearslater,KlynnmanagedtofindJeff,theofficer,online.Uponseeingherchildhoodheroagain,Klynnbrokedownintears.Jeffwasalsooverjoyedtobe___29___withKlynn,aboutwhomhehadbeenconcernedalltheyears.AndwhattouchedhimmostwasthathewasKlynn’scareer___30___andthatasapolicewomanKlynnalsohopedtobesomeone’sherooneday!16.A.crying B.waiting C.applauding D.listening17.A.nervously B.secretly C.excitedly D.confidently18.A.interaction B.encounter C.response D.conversation19.A.easy B.familiar C.special D.unforgettable20.A.blame B.trouble C.action D.responsibility21.A.freedom B.benefit C.health D.popularity22.A.challenge B.routine C.choice D.memory23.A.devoted B.polite C.generous D.attached24.A.showup B.comeback C.dropin D.callout25.A.managing B.struggling C.expecting D.hesitating26.Arushed B.led C.forced D.admitted27.A.happiness B.right C.safety D.survival28.A.recognized B.ignored C.contacted D.forgot29.A.compared B.reunited C.matched D.engaged30.A.designer B.adviser C.inspiration D.assistant【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.A20.D21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。故事讲述九岁女孩Klynn找到英雄警察，对他产生依赖。警察救她一命后，Klynn搬离。20年后，她找到警察，成为警官，表达对他的感激。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她记录着他会经过的时间，然后坐在窗边等待。A.crying哭泣；B.waiting等待；C.applauding鼓掌；D.listening听。根据前文“Shekepttrackofwhattimehewouldpassby”以及后文“Whenhecame,Klynnwould2wavetosayhello”可知，纪录警察经过的时间，一看到他就打招呼，Klynn应是在等警察。故选B项。17题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他来的时候，Klynn会兴奋地挥手打招呼，而警官，享受着友好的互动，也会微笑着向他挥手致意。A.nervously紧张地；B.secretly秘密地；C.excitedly兴奋地；D.confidently自信地。根据前文“Klynnfoundherfirsthero—alocalpoliceofficermakingthedailyroundsinherneighborhood.”可知，这位警官是Klynn的英雄，所以看到他，应是兴奋地挥手。故选C项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他来的时候，Klynn会兴奋地挥手打招呼，而警官，享受着友好的互动，也会微笑着向他挥手致意。A.interaction互动；B.encounter遭遇；C.response响应；D.conversation交谈。根据后文“wouldwaveback,smiling”可知，是在互动。故选A项。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Klynn的童年一点也不轻松。A.easy容易的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.special特别的；D.unforgettable难忘的。根据后文“Withoutparents,shehadtotake5forheryoungerbrotherinaneighborhoodwherecrimes(犯罪)oftenoccurred.”可知，Klynn没有父母，她不得不在一个犯罪频发的社区照顾弟弟，所以她的童年一点也不轻松。故选A项。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有父母，她不得不在一个经常发生犯罪的社区里照顾弟弟。A.blame责备；B.trouble麻烦；C.action行动；D.responsibility责任。根据前文“Withoutparents”可知，Klynn没有父母，所以她不得不照顾弟弟，所以takeresponsibilityfor意为“对…负责”符合语境。故选D项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她做了她能做的一切，即使她自己的健康状况正在下降。A.freedom自由；B.benefit利益；C.health健康；D.popularity人气。根据后文“whereitwasdeterminedshewassufferingseveremalnutrition(营养不良).”可知，是她的健康状况正在下降。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人的问候成为一种惯例，点亮了女孩黑暗的世界，她越来越喜欢这个警官，因为她认为他是她世界上最可靠的人。A.challenge挑战；B.routine常规；C.choice选择；D.memory记忆。根据后文“Oneday,whenKlynndidn’t9,theofficerknewsomethingwaswrong.”可知，他们天天见面，所以是成为一种惯例。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两人的问候成为一种惯例，点亮了女孩黑暗的世界，她越来越喜欢这个警官，因为她认为他是她世界上最可靠的人。A.devoted全心全意的；B.polite有礼貌的；C.generous慷慨的；D.attached依恋。根据后文“forsheconsideredhimthemostreliablepersoninherworld.”可知，Klynn认为他是她世界上最可靠的人，所以是依恋这个警官。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，Klynn没有出现，警官就知道出事了。A.showup出现；B.comeback回来；C.dropin顺道拜访；D.callout大声说出。根据后文“HeapproachedKlynn’shouseandfoundherlyingonthefloor”可知，Klynn躺在地板上，所以是没有出现给警官打招呼。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他走近Klynn的家，发现她躺在地板上，挣扎着呼吸。A.managing完成；B.struggling努力；C.expecting期待；D.hesitating犹豫。根据前文“HeapproachedKlynn’shouseandfoundherlyingonthefloor”可知，Klynn躺在地板上，结合前文内容推知生病了，所以是挣扎着呼吸。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名警官赶紧把Klynn送往医院，在那里她被诊断为严重营养不良。A.rushed仓促行事；B.led引领；C.forced强迫；D.admitted承认。根据后文“whereitwasdeterminedshewassufferingseveremalnutrition(营养不良).”可知，Klynn被诊断为营养不良，所以是急忙送她去医院。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，Klynn还没来得及感谢那个确保她安全、甚至救了她一命的男人就搬走了。A.happiness幸福；B.right权利；C.safety安全；D.survival生存。根据前文“wherecrimes(犯罪)oftenoccurred”可知，Klynn生活在一个经常发生犯罪的社区，警察每天来看她，是为了确保她的安全。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她从未忘记他。A.recognized认识；B.ignored忽视；C.contacted联系；D.forgot忘记。根据后文“20yearslater,KlynnmanagedtofindJeff,theofficer,online.”可知，20年后，Klynn设法在网上找到了杰夫，那个警察，所以她从未忘记警官。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰夫也很高兴能和Klynn团聚，他一直都很关心她。A.compared相比；B.reunited重逢；C.matched配对；D.engaged聘用。根据前文“Uponseeingherchildhoodheroagain,Klynnbrokedownintears.”可知，Klynn找到了警官，所以是再次团聚。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最让他感动的是，他是Klynn的职业灵感，作为一名女警察，Klynn也希望有一天能成为别人的英雄！A.designer设计师；B.adviser顾问；C.inspiration灵感；D.assistant助理。根据后文“asapolicewomanKlynnalsohopedtobesomeone’sherooneday!”结合前文内容可知，Klynn也希望有一天能成为别人的英雄！是受到杰夫的激励，所以他是Klynn的职业灵感。故选C项。第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Hangzhou,knownforitsbeautifulsceneryinhistory,isalsoaplacewheregreat____31____(event)areoftenheld.Theopeningceremonyofthe19thAsianGames___32___(hold)attheHangzhouOlympicSportsCenterStadiuminHangzhou____33____Saturdayevening.PeoplewereamazedbythedisplayofChineseaesthetics____34____(exhibit)attheopeningceremony.Viewersnoticedthatastheathletesmade____35____(they)entranceintothefieldthescreenbeneaththeirfeetmanifestedpicturesofdifferentflowersandpatterns.TheentryoftheChineseteamwasaccompaniedbyabreathtakingvisualrepresentationofthemotherland’smountainsandrivers.Theatmosphereattheopeningceremonyreached___36___peakofexcitementwhenthedigitaltorchbearer(火炬手)litthemaincauldron,____37____markedahistoricmomentintheAsianGames’history.Theopeningceremonydrewinspirationfrom____38____(tradition)cultures,attractingtheworld’stouriststoChina.Itwastherepresentations____39____showedthattoday’sChinaisdeveloping_____40_____(quick).【答案】31.events32.washeld33.on34.exhibited35.their36.a37.which38.traditional39.that40.quickly【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杭州第19届亚运会开幕式的盛况。【31题详解】考查名词复数。句意：杭州，在历史上以其美丽的风景而闻名，也是一个经常举办大型活动的地方。“event”是可数名词，作主语，由空后“are”可知，应用名词复数形式。故填events。【32题详解】考查时态语态。句意：周六晚，第19届亚运会开幕式在杭州奥体中心体育场举行。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，根据“Saturdayevening”可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“Theopeningceremony”和“hold”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填washeld。【33题详解】考查介词。句意：周六晚，第19届亚运会开幕式在杭州奥体中心体育场举行。在具体某一天的上下午或晚上，介词用on。故填on。【34题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们对开幕式上展示的中国美学感到惊讶。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“wereamazed”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“Chineseaesthetics”和“exhibit”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填exhibited。【35题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：观众注意到，当运动员进入赛场时，他们脚下的屏幕上显示着不同的花朵和图案。根据“entrance”可知，空处需填形容词性物主代词，故填their。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：当数字火炬手点燃主火炬时，开幕式的气氛达到了顶峰，标志着亚运会历史上的一个历史性时刻。根据“peak”可知，空处需填冠词修饰名词，此处泛指“一个……的顶峰”，故用不定冠词，“peak”以辅音音素开头，故填a。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当数字火炬手点燃主火炬时，开幕式的气氛达到了顶峰，标志着亚运会历史上的一个历史性时刻。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，指代前面提到的事情，故用which引导。故填which。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：开幕式从传统文化中汲取灵感，吸引了世界各地的游客来到中国。根据“cultures”可知，空处需填形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。【39题详解】考查强调句。句意：正是这些呈现出的东西表明今天的中国正在迅速发展。分析句子结构可知，此处是itwas...that...的强调句型，强调“therepresentations”，itwas...that...在句中不做任何成分，只起形式上的作用。故填that。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：正是这些呈现出的东西表明今天的中国正在迅速发展。根据“developing”可知，空处需填副词quickly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词。故填quickly。第四部分：写作(共五节,满分70分)第一节：词汇运用(共10小题;每题1分,满分10分)根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示,写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。41.Playingsportshasalsobecomeanimportantformof___________(entertain).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】entertainment【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：体育运动也成为一种重要的娱乐形式。根据“of”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，entertain作动词，表示“使娱乐”，名词entertainment表示“消遣，娱乐”，表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填entertainment。42.Themanmanagedtoholdbackhis_________(angry)andavoidaseriousconflict.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】anger【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：那人设法抑制住了他的愤怒，避免了一场严重的冲突。根据“holdbackhis”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，anger作名词，表示“生气，愤怒”，是不可数名词。故填anger。43.Wow,itis__________(freeze)coldoutside.Pleaseputonmoreclothes.【答案】freezing【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：哇，外面真冷。请多穿点衣服。根据“cold”可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰形容词，freezing可以作副词，表示“极冷地”，freezingcold为常见搭配，表示“极冷的”。故填freezing。44.Bob’sfaceisstillbadly_________(swell)becauseoftheterribletoothache.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】swollen【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于牙痛得厉害，鲍勃的脸仍然肿得很厉害。根据句意及所给句子可知，空处应填形容词swollen“肿胀的”，在句中作表语。故填swollen。45.Howterrible!Thebeefistoo____________(salt)toeat.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】salty【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：真可恶！这牛肉太咸了，不能吃。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作表语；salty为形容词，意为“咸的”，符合句意。故填salty。46.DoctorLiisskilledattreatinghearttrouble,sohehasaverygood_________(声望).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】reputation##fame【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：李医生擅长治疗心脏病，因此名声大噪。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填名词reputation“声望”或fame“声望”在句中作宾语。故填reputation或fame。47.XieLei’s__________(野心,抱负)istosetupabusinessinChinaaftergraduation.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】ambition【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：谢磊的志向是毕业后到中国创业。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填名词ambition“野心，抱负”在句中作主语。故填ambition。48.Monet’saimwastoconveythe_________(主观的)impressionthescenegavehim.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】subjective【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：莫奈的目的是传达这个场景给他的主观印象。根据句意及汉语提示，空处应填形容词subjective“主观的”在句中作定语。故填subjective。49.Followthis________(食谱),andyoucaneasilycookdeliciousMapotofu.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】recipe【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：按照这个食谱，你可以很容易地做出美味的麻婆豆腐。根据汉语提示可知，应是名词“recipe”，可数名词，在句中作动词“Follow”的宾语，空前有“this”，用单数形式。故填recipe。50.The_________(病毒)washardtocontrolbutourdoctorshadmanagedtodefeatit.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】virus【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这种病毒很难控制，但我们的医生已经设法把它战胜了。根据“The”及“was”可知，空处需填名词单数形式作主语，virus作名词，表示“病毒”，符合句意。故填virus。第二节：完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据句意和中文提示,用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。51.1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森决定改学航空专业。AftertheSonghuBattle_____________in1932,QianXuesendecidedtoswitchhismajortoaviation.【答案】brokeout【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和时态。分析句子和句意，空处表示“爆发”，作谓语；动词短语breakout表示“爆发”，符合句子和句意，根据“in1932”，应用一般过去时。故填brokeout。52.无论你喜欢仟么,总有一个奇妙无比的主题公园会吸引你。Whateveryoulike,thereisanincrediblethemeparkthatwill_______________________you.【答案】appealto【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语翻译可知，空处需填“吸引”的英语表达，根据“will”可知，空处需填动词原形，短语appealto表示“吸引”，符合句意。故填appealto。53.相比之下，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。Inothercountries,________,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.【答案】bycontrast【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语bycontrast“相比之下”。故填bycontrast。54.托尼买了一束鲜花作为生日礼物送给女朋友露西。Tonybought________________flowersasabirthdaygiftforhisgirlfriendLucy.【答案】abunchof【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。分析句子和句意，空处应表示“一束”；固定短语abunchof意为“一束”，abunchofflowers表示“一束鲜花”，符合句子和句意。故填abunchof。55.依我看来,喜欢辛辣食物的人往往脾气火爆。_______________,thosewholikespicyfoodtendtohaveahottemper.【答案】Inmyopinion【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语翻译可知，空处需填“依我看来”的英语表达，inmyopinion表示“在我看来”，符合句意。故填Inmyopinion。第三节：课文默写(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据中文意思,把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。56.皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分,也是人体最大的器官。(汉译英)【答案】Theskinisanessentialpartofyourbodyandisitslargestorgan.【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。该句讲述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。主语“皮肤”译为Theskin，单数名词作主语，系动词“是”用is，“人体的一部分”译为apartofyourbody，在句中作表语，“必不可少的”译为essential，放在part前作定语，essen