情态动词练习题

人教新课标语法分类复习词汇局部—情态动词与虚拟语气一．情态动词的语法特征

1〕情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2〕情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。

3〕情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4〕情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。

5〕情态动词置于主语之前即构成其疑问式，在情态动词之后加not既构成其否认式。各情态动词的根本用法：1.表示请求和允许:can,could,may,

might.过去式使语气更委婉，答语应用原形。

---CouldIuseyourcomputertomorrow?

--Yes,youcan.(否认答复可用：No,I’mafraidnot.)

2．表示推测：理论可能性Can〔sometimes〕

可能性肯定句must,may,might,could疑问句can否认句can’t(不可能)，maynot(可能不)(1)can表示理论上的可能性，指某事或情况可能发生，但并不说明实际上真的发生.

Childrencanbeverydemanding.

(2)反意问句。

Youmusthavedoneyourworknow,haven’tyou?

Hecan'thavedonehisworkyesterday,didhe?(3)can和beableto都可表示能力，can只有现在式和过去式，而beableto那么有更多的形式.(4)may/mightaswelldosth

=hadbetterdosth.

Youmightaswelldoyourworknow.

3、must,haveto的根本用法(1)must表示“必须”、“应该”之意，其否认式表示“不应该”，“不准”、或“禁止”之意，如：Youmustn'ttouchthefire.(2)对以must提出的疑问句，如作否认答复时，如：----Mustwefinishtheworktomorrow?----No,youneedn't(don'thaveto).(3)偏要〔做令人不快的事〕如：Mustyouplaythepianonow?

(4)haveto和must的意义相近，只是must表示主观做法，而haveto表示客观需要。如：Imuststudyhard.Ihadtogiveitupbecauseofillness.4、oughtto的根本用法(l)表示“应当”做某事，语气比should强，例如：Everyoneoughttoobeythetrafficregulations.(2)表示推测，注意与must表示推测时的区别：Hemustbehomebynow.(断定他已到家)，Heoughttobehomebynow.(不十分肯定)5、dare的根本用法(l)dare作情态动词用时，用于否认句，疑问句和条件从句中，如：Daredhebreakthetrafficregulationsagain?(2)dare常用作行为动词，其变化与一般行为动词相同，如：Shedoesn’tdare(to)stayathomealoneatnight.6、need的根本用法(1)need作情态动词用时，用于否认句和疑问句中，如：Heneedn'tworryaboutusnow.(2)need作为行为动词用，用于肯定句，否认句和疑问句中，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式为其宾语。如：Youneedtopractisereadingaloudeveryday.7、shall的根本用法(1)shall用作情态动词时，用于第二、三人称，表示说活人的意愿，可表示“命令”、“警告”、“强制”、“威胁”或“允诺”等意，如：Heshallgofirst,whetherhewantstoornot.(2)在疑问句中，shall用于第一、三人称，征询对方意见或请求指示，如：ShallIopenthedoor?8、should的根本用法(1)should作为情态动词可以表示“建议”或“劝告”，有“应该”之意，如：Youshouldlearnfromeachother.(2)should表示意外、惊异等，有“竟会”等意思。如：Ican’timagineagentlemanshouldbesorudetoalady.(3)should表示可能性、推测或推论，有“可能、该”等意思。如：TheyshouldhavearrivedinBeijingbythistime.(4)should用于虚拟语气句子中，有“万一”。如:Shoulditraintomorrow(或Ifitshouldraintomorrow),themeetingwouldbepostponed.9、will,would的根本用法(1)表示“意志”或“决心”，如：Ihavetoldhimagainandagaintostopsmoking,buthewillnotlisten.(2)在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或询问对方的意愿，如：Willyoutellmehowtogetthere?(3)will表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“会----”之意，如：Everymorninghewillhaveawalk.(4)表示功能，意为“能”或“行”

Thecarwon’tstart.

(5)would可以表示过去的习惯动作，比usedto正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如:Duringthevacationhewouldvisitmeeveryweek.10、情态动词后接完成式的用法二．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法

条件从句主句与现在事实相反did/werewould/should/could/might+do与过去事实相反had+donewould/should/could/might+havedone与将来事实相反1〕

过去式

2〕

should+do3〕

wereto+dowould/should/could/might+do含蓄条件句：with,without,butfor/otherwise,or等Butforhim,Iwouldn’thavesucceeded.Iwaslatethatday.Otherwise,IwouldhavemetMr.Ma.Iwaslatethatday.OrIwouldhavemetMr.Ma.

IwouldhavemetMr.Ma.,

butIwaslate.

三．(should)+do/havedone用在一坚持〔insist〕,二命令〔order,command〕,三建议〔advise,suggest,propose〕,四要求〔demand,require,request,ask〕及prefer，recommend等词的宾语从句中。含以上各词的其它名词性从句也用(should)+do/havedone，连接主语，表语，同位语从句的that不能省略。注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“说明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。

四．混和虚拟语气Ifhehadbeensenttothehospitalearlier,hewouldgetwellnow.五．特殊虚拟句型a)Ifonly----要是......就好了b)Itistimethat...didc)wouldrather+Sb+did六．wish后的宾语从句及asif备 战 高 考 一、模拟易错情态动词与虚拟语气1.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhim.

A.onhisgoing;be B.hewent;shouldbe C.hego;was D.heshouldgo;is

2.—Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday.—Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantoday.

A.tells B.told C.wouldtell D.hadtold3.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily.

A.Haditnotbeenfor B.Ifitwerenot C.Ifithadnotbeenfor D.Wereitnotfor4.____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

A.Werehetoleave B.Ifhehadleft C.Didhetoleave D.Hadheleft5.—Mikeisoftenabsentfromclass.—Tellhimhe_____answerforitifhegoesonbehavinglikethat.A.shall

B.will C.would

D.can6.You_______paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill，asitissoimportant.A.cannot

B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t

D.needn’t7.—Doyouthinkheislazy？ —I_____soonce，butIdon’tnow.A.mayhavethought

B.canhavethought C.maythink

D.mightthink8.You_____beright,butIdon‘tthinkyouare.A.can

B.could

C.must

D.should9.Prof.Black_____youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.maygive B.mightgive C.mayhavegiven D.mighthavegiven10.Thescientistcaredlittleformoney,otherwisehe_____amillionairelongago.A.hadbeen B.wouldhavebeen C.was D.mightbe

11.KeyEuropeangovernmentsinsistIraq’sco-operation____goodandmilitaryaction______toallowinspectionstocontinue.

A.be,bedelayed B.is,delay C.shouldbe,bedelayed D.is,bedelayed

12.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe____ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_____amedicalexamination.

A.be,shouldhave B.was,have C.should,had D.was,has13.____difficulties,wewouldbesuccessful.

A.ShouldweovercomeB.Wouldweovercome C.Mightweovercome D.Couldweovercome

14.Mary_____tocollegelastyear.Unfortunately,shecouldnottaketheexaminationsbecauseofasuddenillness.

A.couldgo B.didgo C.couldhavegone D.musthavegone

15.—Lookatthesetracks.It_______beawolf.—Don'tbesosure.Ithinkit_______beafox.A.must;could B.may;might C.need;must D.could;need16.—DidJimcome?—Idon'tknow.He_______whileIwasout.A.mighthavecome B.mightcomeC.musthavecome D.shouldhavecome17.—It’shardtobelievethatJack______havefoughtwiththepoliceman.—Yes,ifone____askfortrouble,itcan’tbehelped.A.would;will. B.must;may. C.should;must. Dneed;dare18.—It’ssocold!Whynotclosethewindow?—sorry,it_____.I’llhaveitrepaired.A.doesn’tshut B.won’tbeshut C.won’tshut D.can’tshut19.Inthosedays,theoldwoman______sitatthegateforhours,waitingforhersontoreturnfromthefront.A.could B.should C.might D.would20.Youhavefailedagain!WereIyou,I_______itthefirsttime.A.shouldhavepassed B.wouldpass C.wouldhavepassed D.hadpassed21.ChinamadeapromisetotheworldintheCopenhagenSummitthatby2020,thecarbon-intensityofitseconomy______fall40%to45%.A.

shall B.may

C.must D.should22.—Ididn’tknowyouweregoodfriends.—You

_____.Ihaveknownhersinceshemovedhere.You

werestudyingabroadthen.A.mayhave

B.needn’thave

C.couldn’thave

D.musthave23.Ithinkthat'sunlikelytohappen,butifthat______occur,bothAmerica'sandChina'sinterestwouldbeseverelydamaged.A.should B.could C.would D.might二、高考易错情态动词与虚拟语气(1)1.He_____havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.should B.must C.wouldn’t D.can’t2.There____beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustn’t B.shan’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t3.I____havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.A.shouldn’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t4.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit______beveryslow.A.should B.must C.will D.can5.Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They______atleast150kmanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoing B.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedone D.wouldhavedone6.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.A.could B.would C.must D.need7.---Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?---Something______tohim.A.musthappen B.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappened D.musthavehappened8.---What’sthename?---Khulaifi._______Ispellthatforyou?A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might9.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you_________havecomethismorning.A.mayn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t10.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe_______sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mightnot11.Someaspectsofapilot’sjob______beboring,andpilotsoften_____workatinconvenienthours.A.can;havetoB.may;can C.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must12.---Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?---Well,itbebig--that’snotimportant.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.won’t13.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkweitwithoutyou.A.canmanage B.couldhavemanaged C.couldmanage D.canhavemanaged14.Whatapity.Consideringhisabilityandexperience,hebetter.A.needhavedone B.musthavedone C.canhavedone D.mighthavedone15.---I’msorry.Iatyoutheotherday.---Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn’tshout B.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshout D.mustn’thaveshouted16.---How’syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?---Itbe,butitisnowheavilypolluted.A.will B.would C.should D.must17.一Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?一“Nopersonsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette，cigarorpipeinthisarea．”A.will B.may C.shall D.must18.Theteacher______havethoughtJohnsonwasworthitorshewouldn'thavewastedtimeonhim,Isuppose.A.should B.can C.would D.must19.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which______justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.A.shan’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t20.Peter______bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.A.shall B.should C.can D.must21.Lizawellnotwanttogoonthetrip---shehatestraveling.A.will B.can C.must D.may22.OneofthefewthingsyousayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.A.need B.must C.should D.can23.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I______thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwin B.wouldnothavewon C.wouldwin D.wouldhavewon24.—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink. —Well,you_______A.could B.would C.should D.might25.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.would B.should C.could D.might26.—Hi,Tom.Any

idea

where

Jane

is?—Shein

the

classroom.I

saw

her

there

just

now.A.shall

be B.should

have

been C.must

be D.might

have

been27.Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthathe______itdifferently.A.couldexpress B.wouldexpress C.couldhaveexpressed

D.musthaveexpressed三、高考易错情态动词与虚拟语气(2)1.Mark_______havehurried.Afterdrivingattopspeed,hearrivedhalfanhourearly.A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t2.Justbepatient.Youexpecttheworldtochangesosoon.A.can’t B.needn’t C.maynot D.willnot3.—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.—Don’tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.A.could B.shall C.must D.may4.---MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?---No,you______.Youreaditinhere.A.mightn’t B.won’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t5.I’mafraidMr.Harding______seeyounow.He’sbusy.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t6.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but_______saywherehewas.A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t D.mightn’t7.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe_______moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visited B.hadvisited C.wouldvisit D