全国乙卷 2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷01解析版

2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷01（全国乙卷）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．GiftsforJason. B．Abaseballgame. C．Thewoman’spromotion.【答案】A【原文】W:ItseemsasifeverybodyistalkingaboutJason’sretirement.M:Yes,hisofficeisfilledwithgifts.IgavehimaT-shirtwithabaseballpatternonit.W:That’snice.I’llgethimsomethingthisafternoon.Hopeit’snotlate.2．Howdoesthemansound?A．Pleased. B．Unconfident. C．Angry.【答案】A【原文】W:Hi,Jason.I’mcallingtotellyouthatyourinterviewlastThursdaywentverywell.We’dliketoofferyouthejobatthesalaryyourequested.M:Wow,that’sgreat.WhencanIstart?W:YoucouldstartonMonday.3．Whenwillthewomanmeethercousin?A．Tomorrowevening. B．Tomorrowmorning. C．Thisafternoon.【答案】C【原文】M:GwencamebackfromShanghailastnight.Let’shangoutwithherthisafternoon!W:Sorry,Ihavetovisitmycousinthen.Iwon’tbebackuntiltomorrowmorning.4．Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodo?A．Returnsomebooks. B．Buysomemagazines. C．Gotothehospital.【答案】B【原文】W:I’vehaditwithbeingsickinbed.I’vereadmostofthesemagazinestwice.M:Well,ifithelps,I’llruntothestoreandgetyousomenewones.5．WhatisthemanplanningtodoonSaturday?A．Entertainrelatives.B．Skatewithfriends.C．GooutwithMary.【答案】A【原文】W:We’regoingskatingthisweekend.CanyouandMarycomealong?M:Idon’tthinkwe’llbeabletomakeit.Mybrother’sfamilyiscomingonSaturday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthemanworkfor?A．Anonlinenewsagency.B．Anewspaper.C．ATVchannel.7．Whydoesthemanliketobeajournalist?A．Hetravelsalot.B．Heearnsahighpay.C．Hegetsjobsatisfaction.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】W:Whatdoyoudoforaliving?M:I’majournalist.W:Really?Ihavegreatrespectforyouguys.Doyouworkforanewspaperoratelevisionchannel?M:Iworkforanonlinenewsagency.W:Great.WhenIwasincollege,Iwaskeenonbecomingajournalist,butmyparentsdidn’tsupportme.Theyfeltthatjournalismwasariskyfieldtobein,thoughtheyarewell-paidanddoalotoftraveling.M:Yes,journalistshavetotakealotofrisksandchallenges.Sometimesweriskourownlivesinourquesttofindthetruth.Butthesatisfactionwegetishuge.Actually,that’swhatkeepsusinthisjob.W:Youareright.Jobsatisfactionisfarmoreimportantthanjobsafety.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Howlonghadthewomanworkedabroadafteruniversity?A．Forhalfayear. B．Forayear. C．Forayearandahalf.9．WhereisWorldTravel’smainoffice?A．InSpain. B．IntheUK. C．InAustralia.10．Whatisthewoman’sjobmainlyabout?A．Givingtalks. B．Leadingthetour. C．Contactingthejournalists.【答案】8．C9．C10．C【原文】M:Sylvia,youleftuniversitywithadegreeinGermanandSpanish.Howdidyougetyourjobontravel?W:AfterIleftuniversityIspentayearasanEnglishteacherinSpain,followedbysixmonthsasatourguideinItaly.WhenIreturnedtoEngland,thecompanyWorldTravelneededanassistant,becausethemanager’sassistantleftafterbeingwiththecompanyfortwelvemonths.Iwaspromotedtoamanagerpositionfourmonthsafterjoining.AndIdidmanagetogotothecompany’sheadofficeinAustralialastyear.M:Goodforyou!Whatdoesthejobinvolve?W:Well,wegetrequestsfromjournalistswhooftenringustoseeifwecanhelp.SoI’mmainlyinchargeofthat.Isometimesgivetalkstopeopleinthetravelindustry.M:So,howdoyouseeyourcareerdeveloping?W:Well,Idon’tthinkI’mgoodenoughtobeafull-timewriter.ButmybosshasalotofcontactsintheTVworld,andIfancybecomingaTVpresenter.AtthemomentI’menjoyingmyjobfartoomuchtogiveitup.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?A．ThebestwaytogotoNewYork.B．ThequickestwaytogotoNewYork.C．ThecheapestwaytogotoNewYork.12．HowmuchdoesitcosttogotoNewYorkbybus?A．$5. B．$15. C．$50.13．Whatdoweknowfromtheconversation?A．ThewomanwillgotoNewYorkbybus.B．IttakesfivehourstogotoNewYorkbybus.C．Thewomanwon’tgotoNewYorkbybus.【答案】11．A12．B13．C【原文】M:Goodmorning,Madam.CanIhelpyou?W:Ah,yes.IwanttogotoNewYorkandI’mnotsosureofthebestwaytogetthere.M:Well,youcouldgettherebythelongdistancebus.It’sonly$15.W:Mm,that’snotbad.Howlongdoesittakemetogetthere?M:Ittakesyouabouttenhours.W:Tenhours?M:Well,yes.Butyoucangoatnight,soyoumightgetsomesleepalongtheway.W:Oh,no.Ineversleepsittingup.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Howlongwillthecourserunthisyear?A．Eightweeks. B．Sixweeks. C．Sevenweeks.15．Whatwasthewomansurprisedat?A．Thelackofassistants.B．Theconditionofweather.C．Thenumberofchildren.16．Whatnewactivitiescanthechildrenhavethisyear?A．Funprograms. B．Adventuresports. C．Creativeclasses.17．Whatisexpectedaboutthecoursethisyear?A．Itwilllastlonger.B．Itwillrunbetter.C．Itwillstartearlier.【答案】14．B15．C16．A17．B【原文】M:Hello,everyone.WeareluckytohaveMollyTaylorheretoday.Mollyisorganizinganactivitycourseforthesummerholidays.Molly,thisisthesecondyearofthecourse,isn’tit?W:Yes.Thesummercourseoperatedforthefirsttimelastyearforasix-weekperiod.Wedidthinkaboutmakingitlongerthisyearandhaveaseven-weekcourse,asthere’resomeschoolswhichfinishtermaweekearlier.Infact,twoschoolshaveeight-weekholidays.Butintheendwedecidedtokeeptothesameplanaslastyear.M:But,asIunderstand,lastyear’scoursewasn’tacompletesuccess,wasit?W:Well,wewereactuallyverysurprisedbythenumberofpeopleinterestedinthecourse.Wedidn’tactuallyhaveenoughassistantstolookafterallthechildren.Besides,therewassuchalotofrainthatwecouldn’tgooutsideasoftenaswewantedto.M:So,whatactivitiescanthechildrenlookforwardtothisyear?W:Well,onceagainthere’llbeartistsandmusicianswhowillleadcreativeclasses.Wealsoconsideredprovidingsomemoreexcitingadventuresports.Butwedecidednotto,intheend.Insteadwe’reintroducingsomefunprograms.Ithinkit’llbegoodfunforchildren.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhydidMr.Daylookattheblanketforalongtimebutgoaway?A．Hedidn’tlikeitscolor.B．Theblanketwastoobigforhimtotakehome.C．Hewantedtogettheblanketbutcouldnotdecideonit.19．Whatwastheresult?A．Mr.Daydidn’tgettheblanket.B．Thesellersoldtheblanketatalowerprice.C．ThesellersenttheblankettoMr.Day’shome.20．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Thesellerwasclever,butMr.Daywasfoolish.B．Thesellerwasn’thonestandMr.Daywashumorous.C．Thesellerdidn’twanttoselltheblankettoMr.Day.【答案】18．C19．A20．B【原文】W:Mr.Daywasonholiday.Hewasstayinginasmalltownfamousforblankets.Onesunnymorninghewenttothemarket,andsawabeautifulblanketthere.Itwasbigandfullofrichcolors.Helookedatitforalongtime,andthenwentaway.Thenextdayheaskedabouttheprice.“Thisone,Sir?Thisisaveryspecialblanket,”saidthewoman.“Yes,buthowmuchisit?”“It’saspecialone,Sir,soitisnotcheap.It’sbeautiful,isn’tit?”“Yes,itisverybeautifulbut…”“Itisalsoveryold.Itbelongedtoagreatmanmanyyearsago.SoIcan’tsellitcheap.”“No.Howmuchisit?”Mr.Dayaskedagain.“Abeautifuloldblanket,Sir,andalsoamagicone.Amagicflyingblanket.Amancamethismorningandofferedmefivehundredpoundsforit.”“Oh,”saidMr.Day.“ButIlikeyou,Sir.Youlooklikeaverynicegentleman.Iwillsellittoyou.Fivehundredandfiftypounds.”“Hmm,”Mr.Daythoughtforamoment,“Allright.”“Verygood,Sir,”saidthewoman.“Willyoupaynowandtakeitwithyou?”“No,”saidMr.Day.“Hereismyaddress.Flyoverontheblanket.I’llpayyouwhenyouarrive.”第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStrawberrypickingisapopularandenjoyableactivityinPennsylvania.Thestate’sfavorableweatherandlonggrowingseasonmakeitafavoritepastimeforbothlocalsandtourists.Bricker’sStrawberriesItisafamily-ownedfarminCarlisle,PA,offeringpre-pickedandpick-your-ownberriesthroughouttheyear.Pricesrangefrom$2/poundforpick-your-ownberriesto$4.25/quartforpre-pickedberries.Openinghoursmayvarydependingontheweather,soit’sbesttochecktheirwebsitebeforeheadingouttothefarm.OakGroveFarmsOakGroveFarmsinMechanicsburg,PA,hasbeenafamily-ownedfarmsincethe1960s.Theyofferavarietyoffruits,anddeliciousbakedgoods,withstrawberriesbeingtheirspecialty.Pricesstartat$15fora4-quartcontainer.ThefarmstoreisopenMondaytoSaturdayfrom8:00a.m.to6:00p.m.forvisitorstomakeapurchase.HoneyBearOrchardsLocatedinLebanon,PA,itisafamily-ownedorchardprovidingfreshfruitstothecommunitysince1980.Withtheirfunandsafeatmosphere,youcanpickyourqualityfruitwithyourfriends.U-pickstrawberriescost$2/pound.Theyalsoofferpre-pickedstrawberriesforaslightlyhighercost.Youcanpaythroughcashorcheckonlyintheirshop.BrecknockOrchardBrecknockOrchardinMohnton,PA,isafamily-friendlyfarmwhereyoucanpickstrawberriesandenjoyotheractivitiesonthefarm.Wagon(马车)rideorchardtourscost$8perpersonandincludebeautifultoysforkids.Thecostofstrawberrypickingstartsat$4/pound,andtheyacceptcashandcreditcards.21．WhatdeservesyourspecialattentionifyouaregoingtoBricker’sStrawberries?A．Itsopeninghours. B．Itslocation.C．Itsfruitprices. D．Itsberrytypes.22．WhatdoesOakGroveFarmsandHoneyBearOrchardshaveincommon?A．Providingshoppingservices. B．Sharinganequallylonghistory.C．Beingownedbythesamefamily. D．Havingthesamebusinesshours.23．Whichismostsuitableforafamilywithyoungchildren?A．Bricker’sStrawberries. B．OakGroveFarms.C．HoneyBearOrchards. D．BrecknockOrchard.【答案】21．A22．A23．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个提供采摘草莓活动的果园。21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Openinghoursmayvarydependingontheweather,soit’sbesttochecktheirwebsitebeforeheadingouttothefarm.(开放时间可能会因天气而有所不同，所以最好在去农场之前查看一下他们的网站)”可知，如果你要去布里克草莓店，营业时间值得你特别注意。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据第三段“Pricesstartat$15fora4-quartcontainer.ThefarmstoreisopenMondaytoSaturdayfrom8:00a.m.to6:00p.m.forvisitorstomakeapurchase.(一个4夸脱的容器起价15美元。农家商店的营业时间是周一到周六的上午8点到下午6点，供游客购买)”以及第四段“Theyalsoofferpre-pickedstrawberriesforaslightlyhighercost.Youcanpaythroughcashorcheckonlyintheirshop.(他们还提供预先采摘的草莓，价格略高。你在他们店里只能付现金或支票)”可知，橡树林农场和蜜熊果园的共同之处是都提供购物服务。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“BrecknockOrchardinMohnton,PA,isafamily-friendlyfarmwhereyoucanpickstrawberriesandenjoyotheractivitiesonthefarm.Wagon(马车)rideorchardtourscost$8perpersonandincludebeautifultoysforkids.(宾夕法尼亚州莫恩顿的布雷克克果园是一个家庭友好型农场，在那里你可以摘草莓，享受农场的其他活动。乘坐马车游览果园的费用为每人8美元，还包括给孩子们的漂亮玩具)”可知，布雷克克果园最适合有小孩的家庭。故选D。BAconfidentsmileisahappysmile.Haveyoueverhadastrangersmileatyouwhileyouwereoutinpublic?Maybeyouwerefeelingdown,buttheirgenuineandfriendlysmilesliterallymadeyouturnyourfrownupsidedown.Allthankstothatsmileyperson,yournegativeattitudesuddenlysubsided.Itishardtobelievethatsuchasmallgesturecanimpactyourmoodsosimply,butIwouldbelyingifIsaidthatI’veneverexperiencedthisfeeling.I’msureyoucanrelate.Withthatbeingsaid,sciencecanbackthisup.Wherearethesehappyfeelingscomingfrom?Well,whenyousmileatsomeone,youmayfeellikeyou’reexperiencingtemporaryhappiness.Thatisbecauseendorphins(内啡肽)arereleasedinthebrainwhenyousmile.Endorphinscanbedescribedasnaturalpainkillersforthebody,whichalsoboostyourself-esteem(自尊).Smilingisreallyasimpleactofkindness,whichcanalsomakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.Asanillustration,someonegoinginforajobinterviewwiththeirheadsheldhigh,andsmilesontheirfaceswillhaveabetterchanceofscoringthejob.Employersremarkthatapersonwholooksdownwhentheyspeaktoavoidshowingtheirsmilesduringaninterview,mostlikelywon’tbehired,becauseitlooksasthoughtheyarehidingsomething.However,thatpersonwithaninvitingsmileshowsconfidence.Nomatterwhatyoulooklike,asmileisworthathousandwordsandpeoplecanrecognizethat.Itgivesmesucharewardingfeelinghelpingchildren,teens,andadultstobuildtheirselfesteemthroughtreatment.It’sallworthitseeingthatsparkofjoyinmypatientafterthejobisallsaidanddone.Itrulybelievethatabrighteyedsmilehasthecapacitytoallowyoutoconnectwithothers,withoututteringasound.24．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subsided”meaninParagraph1?A．Appeared. B．Weakened. C．Increased. D．Smiled.25．What’stheuseofendorphins?A．Makingpeoplefeelhappy.B．Makingpeopleactkindly.C．Makingbrainsworkfast.D．Curingsomediseases.26．Whyisithardforapersonnotshowingasmiletogetajob?A．Heholdshisheadtoohigh.B．Helooksdownuponothers.C．Helooksalittledishonest.D．Heistooconfident.27．Whatkindofworkistheauthorlikelytodo?A．Ateacher. B．Avolunteer. C．Ascientist. D．Adoctor.【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者以自己的亲身经历说明自信的微笑是幸福的微笑，我们应该多对别人微笑甚至大声地笑出来。24．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Maybeyouwerefeelingdown,buttheirgenuineandfriendlysmilesliterallymadeyouturnyourfrownupsidedown.(也许你情绪低落，但他们真诚友好的微笑真的会让你神采飞扬)”可知，多亏了那个微笑的人，你的消极态度突然平息了。由此可知，划线词的意思是“减弱”。故选B项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thatisbecauseendorphins(内啡肽)arereleasedinthebrainwhenyousmile.Endorphinscanbedescribedasnaturalpainkillersforthebody,whichalsoboostyourself-esteem(自尊).Smilingisreallyasimpleactofkindness,whichcanalsomakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.(这是因为当你微笑时，大脑会释放内啡肽。内啡肽可以被描述为身体的天然止痛药，它也可以增强你的自尊心。微笑真的是一种简单的善意行为，它也能让你感觉更好)”可知，内啡肽让人感到快乐。故选A项。26．推理判断题。根据第三段“Employersremarkthatapersonwholooksdownwhentheyspeaktoavoidshowingtheirsmilesduringaninterview,mostlikelywon’tbehired,becauseitlooksasthoughtheyarehidingsomething.(雇主们说，在面试中，如果一个人在说话时为了不露出笑容而低头，那么他很可能不会被录用，因为这看起来好像他在隐瞒什么)”可推知，一个不微笑的人很难找到工作是因为他看起来有点不诚实。故选C项。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’sallworthitseeingthatsparkofjoyinmypatientafterthejobisallsaidanddone.(一切都是值得的，在手术结束后，看到我的病人身上闪烁着喜悦的火花)”可推知，作者是一名医生。故选D项。CStartinginthemid-2010s,thesuccessofstreamingserviceslikeSpotify,TencentandAppleMusicledthemusicindustryintoaperiodofsteadyincomegrowth.Buttheriseofstreaminghasn’tjusttransformedthebusinessofmusic;ithaschangedthemusicaswell.In1972,theTemptationshitnumberoneontheBillboardHot100charts,winningthreeGrammys,withaseven-minuteversionofthesong“PapaWasaRollin’Stone”.BeforetheTemptationssingaword,aninstrumentalintroductionplaysformorethanfourminutes.Ifthegroupwereinthestudiotoday,thetitlechorus(副歌)wouldmostlikelyhavebeenfeaturedmuchearlierinthesong.That’sbecausemusicstreamingservicespayartistsbasedonthenumberofplayseachmonth,andtocountasaplay,ausermustlistentothesongpastthe30-secondmark.Ifasongyou’veneverheardbeforetakesalongtimetogettothehook(旋律最好的部分),thereisagoodchancethatyoumaysimplyhitthebuttontogotothenextsong.Tokeepthe“skiprate(跳过率)”aslowaspossible,musicalartistsareincreasinglymovingasong’shooktothatinitial30-secondsweetspot.Everytrackthatislistenedtoformorethan30secondscountsasaplay,butwhetheralistenermakesitallthewaythroughasonghelpstodeterminewhetherastreamingservicelikeSpotifywillrecommendsimilarsongsinthefuture.Foramusician,gettingasongonSpotify’spopularToday’sTopHitsplaylistmeansrealmoney.AstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheEuropeanJointResearchCentrefoundthatsongsonthelistgainedanaverageof20millionstreams,worthupto$163,000inroyalties(版税).Asaresult,accordingtoananalysisbybloggerMichaelTauberg,theaveragelengthofhitsongshasdroppedbymorethan30secondssince2000,whenitwasoverfourminutes.Nearlytwo-thirdsofthesongsthatachievedthenumberonespotinthefirsthalfof2021wereunderthreeminuteslong.28．WhyistheTemptationsmentionedinparagraph2?A．Toexplainwhatmadeasongspecialinthepast.B．Toshowadmirationfortheirmusicalachievements.C．Toillustratethestructureofpopularsongsinthepast.D．Tointroducethechangesinsongstructurebroughtaboutbystreaming.29．Whatistheresultofasongtakingalongtimetogettothehook?A．Theartistswillreceivehigherroyalties.B．Thelistenersaremorelikelytoskipit.C．Itwillberecommendedtomoreusers.D．Itwillbemorepopularamonglisteners.30．Whatcontributestothedecreasingaveragelengthofhitsongs?A．Advanceinmusicproductiontechnology.B．Thechangeinlisteners’musicalpreference.C．Thedesireforhigherstreaming-basedincome.D．Increasedcompetitionamongstreamingplatforms.31．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Howstreamingchangesthelengthofmusic.B．Howstreamingservicesproducehitsongs.C．Howstreamingpromotesthedevelopmentofmusic.D．Howstreaminginfluencesourpreferenceformusic.【答案】28．D29．B30．C31．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业，它也改变了音乐，尤其是音乐的长度。28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Buttheriseofstreaminghasn’tjusttransformedthebusinessofmusic;ithaschangedthemusicaswell.(但流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业；它也改变了音乐。)”和第二段“That’sbecausemusicstreamingservicespayartistsbasedonthenumberofplayseachmonth,andtocountasaplay,ausermustlistentothesongpastthe30-secondmark.(这是因为音乐流媒体服务根据每个月的播放次数向艺人支付报酬，而要算作一次播放，用户必须收听歌曲超过30秒。)”可知，第二段提到Temptations的目的是介绍流媒体给歌曲结构带来的变化。故选D。29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ifasongyou’veneverheardbeforetakesalongtimetogettothehook(旋律最好的部分),thereisagoodchancethatyoumaysimplyhitthebuttontogotothenextsong.(如果一首你从未听过的歌花了很长时间才听进去，那么你很有可能会直接按下按钮去听下一首歌。)”可知，一首歌曲要花很长时间才能被人听进去，结果会是听众更有可能跳过它。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Everytrackthatislistenedtoformorethan30secondscountsasaplay,butwhetheralistenermakesitallthewaythroughasonghelpstodeterminewhetherastreamingservicelikeSpotifywillrecommendsimilarsongsinthefuture.Foramusician,gettingasongonSpotify’spopularToday’sTopHitsplaylistmeansrealmoney.(每首歌的收听时间超过30秒就算作一次播放，但听众是否能从头到尾听完一首歌，有助于决定Spotify等流媒体服务将来是否会推荐类似的歌曲。对于音乐家来说，在Spotify流行的今日热门歌曲播放列表中获得一首歌意味着真正的金钱。)”可知，导致了热门歌曲平均长度的减少的是对基于流媒体的更高收入的渴望。故选C。31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Buttheriseofstreaminghasn’tjusttransformedthebusinessofmusic;ithaschangedthemusicaswell.(但流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业；它也改变了音乐。)”和最后一段“Asaresult,accordingtoananalysisbybloggerMichaelTauberg,theaveragelengthofhitsongshasdroppedbymorethan30secondssince2000,whenitwasoverfourminutes.(因此，根据博主MichaelTauberg的分析，自2000年以来，热门歌曲的平均长度减少了30多秒，当时它超过4分钟。)”可知，本文主要讲的是流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业，它也改变了音乐，尤其是音乐的长度，因此主旨是A选项“Howstreamingchangesthelengthofmusic.(流媒体如何改变音乐的长度。)”。故选A。DAlmostaquarteroftheUK’sseaswimmersmaynotswimintheoceanthisyearbecauseofsewage(污水)dumpingbywatercompanies,accordingtoapoll(民意调查).SewagewasdumpedintowatersnearEngland’smostcelebratedbeachesfornearly8,500hourslastyear.Andtherewere1,504discharges(排出)in2022onbeachessupposedtobefreefromsuchpollution.Thepollspoketo2,272UKadultsbetween21and23onJuly.Justover30%saidtheytypicallywentseaswimmingduringthesummer,andofthese23%saidtheywouldnotthisyearbecauseofsewagedumpingbywatercompanies.MorethantwoinfiveoftheregularbeachgoersalsosaidtheywerelesslikelytovisittheBritishseasidethissummerbecauseofsewagedischarges.TheDepartmentforEnvironmentsaysgovernmentshouldallowtheEnvironmentAgencytochargeunlimitedfinesonrule-breakingwatercompanies.Finesarecurrentlycapped(上限)at£250,000.TheDepartmentforEnvironmenthasbeencallingforasewagetaxonannualprofitsandabanonbonusesofwatercompanymanagers.“Coastalcommunitiesareatthemercyofwatercompanieswhounapologeticallydischargerawsewageintopopularswimmingspots,”TimFarron,theDepartmentforEnvironment’sspokespersonsaid.“Thegovernmentneedstostoplettingwatercompaniesoffthehookandfinallybantheseterriblesewagedischargesanddefendourtourismsector.”AWaterUKspokespersonsaidstandardsatbeacheshadgreatlyimprovedsincethe1990sbutthattheindustryrecognizedithadbeenslowtodealwiththeharmtoourseascausedbysewageoverflows.“Overthenextsevenyears,waterandseweragecompaniesplantospend£10bn—doublingcurrentlevelsofinvestment—onsewagetreatment,”theysaid.“Aspartofthis,bathingwaterswillbeamongthefirsttoreceivefunding.”32．Whatdoesthepollshow?A．Watercompaniesdumpedthemostsewageintowaterslastyear.B．ManyswimmersavoidthewateroverfearsofsewageonUKbeaches.C．WatersnearEngland’smostcelebratedbeachesarenotseriouslypolluted.D．OvertwofifthsoftheregularbeachgoersinUKarebetween21and23.33．WhatsuggestiondoestheDepartmentforEnvironmentmaketothegovernment?A．Reducingbonusesofwatercompanymanagers.B．Shuttingdownthoserule-breakingwatercompanies.C．Finingrule-breakingwatercompaniesatleast£250,000.D．Introducingasewagetaxonwatercompanies’yearlyprofits.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“offthehook”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Developslowly. B．Improvetoofast.C．Freeofresponsibility. D．Attractpublicattention.35．Inwhichsectionofthewebsitecanyouprobablyreadthetext?A．Environment. B．Lifestyle. C．Fitness. D．Business.【答案】32．B33．D34．C35．A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是英国出现了污水危机，自来水公司向河流和海洋排放了太多的污水，为此，四分之一的游泳者可能不会在海里游泳。32．细节理解题。根据首段中的“AlmostaquarteroftheUK’sseaswimmersmaynotswimintheoceanthisyearbecauseofsewage(污水)dumpingbywatercompanies,accordingtoapoll(民意调查).(一项民意调查显示，由于自来水公司的污水排放，英国近四分之一的海泳者今年可能不会在海里游泳。)”以及第二段中的“Justover30%saidtheytypicallywentseaswimmingduringthesummer,andofthese23%saidtheywouldnotthisyearbecauseofsewagedumpingbywatercompanies.(超过30%的人表示，他们通常在夏天去海里游泳，其中23%的人表示，由于自来水公司的污水排放，他们今年不会去游泳。)”可知，民意调查显示，由于担心英国海滩上的未经处理的污水，许多游泳者不愿下水游泳，由此可知，许多游泳者因为担心英国海滩上的污水而避免下水。故选B项。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TheDepartmentforEnvironmenthasbeencallingforasewagetaxonannualprofitsandabanonbonusesofwatercompanymanagers.(英国环境部一直呼吁对年度利润征收污水税，并禁止水务公司经理的奖金。)”可知，环境部建议政府对水务公司的年度利润征收污水税。故选D项。34．词义猜测题。根据划线短语前的““Coastalcommunitiesareatthemercyofwatercompanieswhounapologeticallydischargerawsewageintopopularswimmingspots,”TimFarron,theDepartmentforEnvironment’sspokespersonsaid.(英国环境部发言人蒂姆·法伦说：“沿海社区任由水务公司摆布，他们毫无歉意地将未经处理的污水排放到热门的游泳场所。”)”可知，水务公司毫无歉意地将未经处理的污水排放到热门的游泳场所，结合划线短语所在的句子“Thegovernmentneedstostoplettingwatercompanies…(政府需要停止让水务公司)”可知，政府应停止水务公司的这种“毫无歉意地”把污水排放到热门的游泳场所，由此可知，划线短语的意思与“毫无歉意的行为”的意义相近。故选C项。35．推理判断题。根据首段中的“AlmostaquarteroftheUK’sseaswimmersmaynotswimintheoceanthisyearbecauseofsewage(污水)dumpingbywatercompanies,accordingtoapoll(民意调查).SewagewasdumpedintowatersnearEngland’smostcelebratedbeachesfornearly8,500hourslastyear.Andtherewere1,504discharges(排出)in2022onbeachessupposedtobefreefromsuchpollution.(一项民意调查显示，由于自来水公司的污水排放，英国近四分之一的海泳者今年可能不会在海里游泳。去年，污水被倾倒到英国最著名的海滩附近的水域近8500个小时。2022年，在本应没有此类污染的海滩上，有1,504次排放。)”可知，民意调查表明，由于税务局将未经处理的污水排放到海滩附近，致使游泳者远离英国的海滩，结合下文中的介绍的英国环境部向政府的提议可知，这类内容最可能出现在网站中的环境一栏。故选A项。第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Includingchildreninthefarminglifestylehasmanybenefits.Sure,itisnicetohavetheadditionalhelpwithchores,butitalsofosterssomuchgrowth,sendingourkidsdownagoodpathtowardswhotheywillsomedaybecome.Itispossiblethatourchildrenwillgrowuptoleadlivesthatdonotincludefarming.36Throughcaringforfarmanimals,kidslearnthatinlifeothersoftencomebeforeself.37Itdoesn’tmatterifwedon’tfeellikeitorifwearesickandtired.Whatmattersisthatwetakecareoftheanimalsthattakecareofusanddosoinatimelymanner.38Iftheworkonafarmdoesnotgetdone,theoperationfails.Ittakesdisciplineandcommitmenttogetdowntobusinesseveryday,andseeingthisinactionwillgivekidsagoodworkattitude.Theywillknowandunderstandthatnothinggoodcomeseasyandthattheyhavetoworktosurvive.39Functioningaspartofaproductiveteamwillsurelybeplayingacrucialrolesoonerorlaterinallwalksoflife.Additionally,farmingteachespatience.40It’sespeciallytruefortheanimals.Cattlewillbedifficulttocontrol.Horseswillrunawaywhenyoutrytocatchthem.Goatswillkickoverthatbucketofhard-earnedmilk.Aroosterwilldecideyougottooclosetohishensandgiveyouarunforyourmoney.Inspiteofallthat,kidswilllearntobepatientandtakethingseasy.Theremaynotbeanyinstantreward,butinthelong-termkidswillseethebenefitofalltheireffortsduringthoseharddays.A．Fairlyoften,thingsdonotgoyourway.B．Kidsalsolearntobegratefultoanimals.C．Inthemeantime,theylearntoworkwithothers.D．Teamworkisnolongerasignificantskilltodevelopanduse.E．Animalsneedtobefedandcaredforbeforewegettositdownandrelax.F．Kidsarealsoabletocomprehendthevalueofhardworkthroughfarmlife.G．Whattheylearnonafarm,however,canbeinstrumentalintheirfuturelives.【答案】36．G37．E38．F39．C40．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了农场生活对孩子成长的各种好处。36．空前句子“Itispossiblethatourchildrenwillgrowuptoleadlivesthatdonotincludefarming.(可能我们的孩子将来长大后不会以务农为生)”描述了务农的不重要，而第二段句首“Throughcaringforfarmanimals,kidslearnthatinlifeothersoftencomebeforeself.(通过照顾农场动物，孩子们了解到，在生活中，他人往往比自己重要)”强调农场生活的好处，说明该空开始描述务农的重要性，G项“Whattheylearnonafarm,however,canbeinstrumentalintheirfuturelives.(然而，他们在农场上学到的东西对他们未来的生活也会有帮助)”与前文呈转折关系。故选G项。37．空后句子“Itdoesn’tmatterifwedon’tfeellikeitorifwearesickandtired.Whatmattersisthatwetakecareoftheanimalsthattakecareofusanddosoinatimelymanner.(这和我们是否喜欢或者我们是否生病以及劳累无关。重要的是我们要及时照顾爱护我们的那些动物)”强调要爱护农场动物，E选项“Animalsneedtobefedandcaredforbeforewegettositdo