全国甲卷 2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷01考试版A4

2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷01（全国甲卷）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Parentandchild. B．Husbandandwife. C．Brotherandsister.2．Howdoesthemangettoknowthenews?A．FromTV. B．Fromthenewspaper. C．FromtheInternet.3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Co-workers. B．Husbandandwife. C．Driverandpassenger.4．Howwillthetwospeakersgotothebeachtomorrow?A．Bybus. B．Bycar. C．Onfoot.5．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A．OnMonday. B．OnWednesday. C．OnFriday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WhatdoesthemaninviteGracetodotonight?A．Attendaparty. B．Gotothelibrary. C．Gooverthelessons.7．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Acomingexam. B．Somenewemojis. C．Apopulargame.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Sheisbuyingahouse.B．Sheisrepaintingthewalls.C．Sheisrentingahouse.9．Whatistheman’srequirement?A．Signingtheagreementnow.B．Keepingthewallsclean.C．Payingthreeyears’rentinadvance.10．Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A．$900. B．$600. C．$300.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatkindoftickethasthemanbought?A．Afirst-classone. B．Asecond-classone. C．Abusiness-classone.12．Whatisfreeonthetrain?A．Meals. B．Snacks. C．Coffee.13．Whenshouldthemanreachthetrainstation?A．Before8:30am. B．At9:00am. C．After9:00am.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatdoesthemanspeakerdo?A．photographer. B．Ajournalist. C．Ahost.15．WherewereRyan’searlypicturesshown?A．Inthegallery. B．OntheInternet. C．Inmagazines.16．HowlongdidRyantakephotoswiththephone?A．About4years. B．About8years. C．About12years.17．WhatdoesRyansuggestyoungphotographersdo?A．Trustthemselves. B．Setachievablegoals. C．Catchonlyordinarypeople.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofhisfirstmarathon?A．Boring. B．Satisfying. C．Difficult.19．WhydoesthespeakerfindtheraceinKualaLumpurhardest?A．Hewastoonervous.B．Helackedtrainingbeforehand.C．Hedidn’ttakehisrunningshoes.20．WhatmadethespeakershockedintheraceinRussia?A．Hegotthethirdplace.B．Hecompletedhischallenge.C．Ittookplaceinhotweather.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYunnanoffersexcitingexperiencesofuniquecustoms.IfyouarealreadyplanningtovisitYunnan,seeourfestivaltours.TheTorch(火把)FestivalDate:July/August(days24to26ofthesixthlunarmonth)Location:LijiangItisatraditionalfestivalamongtheYi,Naxi,andBaiminority(少数民族)groups.AccordingtotheancientruleoftheNaxipeople,theTorchFestivalshouldlastthreedays,andeveryfamilyshouldlightabigtorchinfrontoftheirdoorsforthethreedays.RecommendedTour:3-DayAncientLijiangTourTheWaterSplashing(泼酒)FestivalDate:April13to15Location:XishuangbannaItisthemostimportantfestivalobservedbytheDaipeopleofXishuangbannainsouthenYunnan.Itinvolvessplashingwater,lanternfloatingandotherjoyfulactivities.Recommendedtour:6-DayXishaungbannaTourTheHorseRaceFestivalDate:May/June(5thofthefifthlunarmonth)Location:Shangri-laFallingonthesamedateastheDragonBoatFestival,itisthebiggestgatheringofTibetansinYunnanandusuallylastsabout3days.Duringthecelebrations,traditionalperformancesandcompetitionslikehorseracingandwrestling(摔跤)willbeheld.Recommendedtour:8-DayYunnanTouroftheNuRiverandTengchongTheThirdMonthFairoftheBaiGroupDate:April/May(days15to21ofthethirdlunarmonth)Location:DaliItisoneofthemostimportantfestivalscelebratedbytheBaipeopleinDaliinwesternYunnan.DuringtheMarchFair,thestreetsofDaliAncientTownarepackedwithpeoplesellingamazingminorityitems.Recommendedtour:6-DayYunnanMinoritiesTour21．WhatdotheTorchFestivalandtheWaterSplashingFestivalhaveincommon?A．Thedate. B．Thelocation.C．Thelastingtime D．Thecelebratoryevents.22．Whichfestivalwillyouattendifyouliketobuylocalgiftswhiletravelling?A．TheTorchFestival. B．TheWaterSplashingFestival.C．TheHorseRaceFestival. D．TheThirdMonthFairoftheBaiGroup.23．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Abusinessresearch. B．Anewspaperreport.C．Aneducationalmagazine. D．Anadvertisingleaflet.BMoststudentsspendtheirschooldayssittingatdeskslearning.AureliousWoolfolk,however,doesalotmorethansitatadeskwhenheisinschool.Heclimbsuphighladders,walksdownthesidesofbuildings,andridesinafireengine.HeislearningtobeafirefighterattheNewHavenFireAcademy.Woolfolkand28otherstudentsarecurrentlylearningwhatittakestobecomeafirefighter.Fortwodayseachweek,thestudentssitinaclassroomtolearnthescienceoffires,howtocalculatewaterpressure,andhowtotreatmedicalemergencies.Duringtheotherthreedays,thestudentsgooutsideandlearnhowtohookhoses(塑料管，软管)tofirehydrants(消防栓),climbbuildings,rescuepeopletrappedinburningbuildings,andmanyotherthings.“Firefightershavetoknowlotsofdifferentthings,”saidPabloMenendez,aninstructorattheschool.“Wehavetotreatmedicalemergencies,knowhowtohandledangerouschemicals,andrescuepeoplewhohavefallenfrommountains.”Teamworkisoneofthemostimportantlessonsstudentslearnattheschool.“Workingtogethersaveslives,”saidCapt.WilliamSeward,thedirectoroftheacademy.“Studentsneedtolearnthattheyarepartofateam.”Fightingfiresisnoteasy.Thesuitsandequipmentafirefighterwearsweighabout40pounds.Firefightersareverybusy.InNewHaven,theyrespondto32,000emergencycallsayear.Eachtimefirefightersgoout,theyknowtheymightnotcomeback.“That’swhythelessonslearnedhereattheacademyaresoimportant,”saidSeward.“Whattheylearnherecansavetheirlives.”Firefightersknowhowdangeroustheirjobsare.Theirtraininghelpsthemovercometheirfearofheightsandfires.“Whenyou’reupthereontheladderlookingdown,it’sscary,”saidonestudent.“Todothisjob,you’vegottowipeoutthefear.”Firefightersovercometheirfearforonereason.“Iwantedtohelpotherpeople,”saidLeahHarwin.“Ithinkitisimportanttohelpotherpeoplewheneveryoucan.”24．Accordingtothetext,whichactivitydoesastudentatNewHavenFireAcademycomplete?A．Calculatingtheweightofsuits. B．Hookinghosestoladders.C．Walkingdownthefirehydrants. D．Dealingwithdangerouschemicals.25．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?A．Moststudentsattheschoolaregreatteamplayers.B．Somefirefightersaremuchmoreskilledthanothers.C．Firefightersmustworktogethertodothejobsuccessfully.D．Firefightersaremostsuccessfulwhentheyworkontheirown.26．WhydostudentsattheFireAcademyhavelessonsbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom?A．Becausetheymakestudentsovercomethefearofheights.B．Becausetheyteachstudentshowtocalmdowninemergency.C．Becausetheyprovidestudentswithoverallskillstosavelives.D．Becausetheygetstudentstoknowhowtowearheavysuitsandequipment.27．Whatisthewritingpurposeofthistext?A．Toinformthereadersofthedangersofbeingafirefighter.B．TointroducetheactivitiesattheNewHavenFireAcademy.C．TocomparetheNewHavenFireAcademytopublicschool.D．TopersuadestudentstoattendtheNewHavenFireAcademy.CWeoftenthinkaboutrelationshipsonascalefrompositivetonegative.Wearedrawntolovingfamilymembers,caringclassmatesandsupportivementors.Wedoourbesttoavoidthecrueluncle,theplaygroundbullyandthejerkboss.Butthemosttoxicrelationshipsaren’tthepurelynegativeones.They’retheonesthatareamixofpositiveandnegative.Weoftencallthemfrenemies,supposedfriendswhosometimeshelpyouandsometimeshurtyou.Butifsnotjustfriends.It’sthein-lawswhovolunteertowatchyourkidsbutbelittleyourparenting.Themanagerwhopraisesyourworkbutdeniesyouapromotion.Everyoneknowshowrelationshipslikethatcantieyourstomachintoaknot.ButgroundbreakingresearchledbythepsychologistsBertUchinoandJulianneHolt-Lunstadshowsthatambivalent(矛盾情绪的)relationshipscanbedamagingtoyourhealth—evenmorethanpurelynegativerelationships.Ihadassumedthatwithaneighbororacolleague,havingsomepositiveinteractionswasbetterthanallnegativeinteractions.Butbeingcheeredonbythesamepersonwhocutsyoudowndoesn’treducethebadfeelings;itincreasesthem.Andit’snotjustinyourhead:Itleavesatraceinyourheartandyourblood.Evenasingleambivalentinteractioncancauseharm.Inoneexperiment,peoplegaveimpromptuspeechesoncontroversialtopicsinfrontofafriendwhoofferedfeedback.Theresearchershadrandomlyassignedthefriendtogiveambivalentornegativecomments.Receivingmixedfeedbackcausedhigherbloodpressurethanpurecriticism.“Iwouldhavegoneaboutthetopicdifferently,butyou’redoingfine”provedtobemoredistressingthan“Itotallydisagreewitheverythingyou’vesaid.”Theevidencethatambivalentrelationshipscanbebadforusisstrong,butthereasonscanbehardertoread—justliketherelationshipsthemselves.Themostintuitivereasonisthatambivalentrelationshipsareunpredictable.Withaclearenemy,youputupashieldwhenyoucrosspaths.Withafrenemy,youneverknowwhetherDr.JekyllorMr.Hydeisgoingtoshowup.Feelingunsurecandisruptthebody’scalmingsystemandactivateafight-or-flightresponse.It’sunsettlingtohopeforahugwhilealsopreparingforalikelyquarrel.Anotherfactoristhatunpleasantinteractionsaremorepainfulinanambivalentrelationship.It’smoreupsettingtobeletdownbypeopleyoulikesometimesthanbypeopleyoudislikeallthetime.Whensomeonestabsyouintheback,itstingsmoreifhe’sbeenfriendlytoyourface.28．Whichofthefollowingcanbecountedasafrenemy?A．Yourneighbour’skidwhoadvisesyoutostudyhardbutidlesawayhisowntime.B．Yourclassmatewhoadmiresyourdiligenceatfirst,butdoubtsyourintelligencelater.C．Yourmother’sfriendwhoencouragesyoutospendmoretimeonhomeworkbutlessonsmartphones.D．Yourfather’scolleaguewhoproposesyoutodoamoderateamountofhomeworkwhileensuringadequatesleep.29．Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Ambivalentrelationshipshaveapermanenteffectonyourwell-being.B．Thecommoncauseforhighbloodpressureisambivalentrelationship.C．Ambivalentinteractionswillbemorepainfulifitisdoneconsciously.D．Thenegativeimpactofambivalentinteractionsisdirectandstrong.30．Theunderlinedword“belittle”inparagraph2probablymeans______.A．devalue B．appreciate C．respect D．abuse31．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SomeNegativeRelationshipsAreBadforYourHealthB．YourMostAmbivalentRelationshipsAretheMostToxicC．TheReasonsforAmbivalentRelationshipsAreUnpredictableD．SomePositiveRelationshipsAreBetterthanAllNegativeOnesDIfaskedifspaceexplorationshouldcontinue,mostAmericanswouldgiveanimmediateresponseeitherinfavorofcontinuingorinfavorofendingspaceexploration.Acommonresponsewouldbethatspaceexplorationisawasteofmoney.AnaverageAmerican,uneducatedonthesubject,mightbelievethatthegovernmentiswastingbillionsofdollarsontheresearchthathasnovalue.Someonestrangetothesubjectmightsaythataspaceshuttlegoesuponceinawhileandthatisaboutallthathappens.Researchisongoingandcontinueswhentherearenoshuttlesbeinglaunched.Thisalsocoststhegovernmentmoney.Doestheextremecostofspaceexplorationmakesense?OneargumentisthatthegovernmentiswastingmoneyontheresearchnotbeingusedonEarth.Actually,themoneygoestoworkersandscientiststhatsupportNationalAcronauicsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)missions,andgoestomajorcompaniesthatplayimportantrolesinmajorsectorsoftheUSeconomy.BoeingisapartnerofNASAforaircraft,thesamecompanythatmakescommercialaircraftfortheairlineindustry.Anotherbenefittocontinuingspaceexplorationisthemanytechnologiesitprovidesides.Theartificialheartresultedfromexperimentsonthespaceshuttle.ThehandheldJawsofLifeusedtosavevictimsfromcaraccidentsresultedfromthesystemusedtoseparatethespaceshuttlefromitsboosterrockets.Insulation(隔热板)inhomesthatkeepsthemwarmandenergyefficientisbasedonthetechnologyusedtoinsulatethespaceshuttle.TherearedirectbenefitstotheeconomyprovidedbyNASAmissionsaswellasthosetechnologies.Theseadvancesarefoundinfood,buildingmaterials,medicalproceduresandthevehicleswedrive.Whileitcanbeproventhatbillionsofdollarsthatcouldbeusedelsewhereisbeingspentonspaceexploration,thebenefitsitprovidesoutweightheterribleaspects.Asamatteroffact,themoneyspenthelpstoimprovethequalityofourlives..32．HowisParagraph2mainlydeveloped?A．Byofferinganalyses. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bylistingfigures. D．Bypresentingresearchfindings.33．ThefunctionofJawsofLifeisto________.A．savepeoplefromtrafficaccidentsB．doexperimentsonthespaceshuttleC．keephouseswarmandenergyefficientD．separatethespaceshuttlefromitsboosterrockets34．Intheauthor’sopinion,spaceexploration.A．haschangedourlifecompletely B．benefitsusinmanywaysC．coststoomuchofourtime D．hasnothingtodowithus35．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Benefitsofspaceexploration. B．Howtomakespaceexplorationaffordable?C．Isspaceexplorationworththecost? D．MissionsoftheNASAspaceshuttleprogram.第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peoplesaywatercanimprovehealthandmemory.Butnowsomeexpertssaythattothinkdrinkingwaterequalshealthistakingthingstoofarandthathydration(水合作用）isaboutthebalancebetweenelectrolytes(电解质)likesodiumandthewaterinyourbody.Then.howmuchwaterdoyouneedtodrink?Manysayyoushoulddrinkeight8-ounceglassesofwateraday.Notso,someexpertssay.36A200-poundpersonwhohikes10milesintheheatneedsmorewaterthana120-poundofficemanagerinatemperature-controlledbuilding.37Someonewithaheartconditionorkidneystoneshasonelevelofneed.Apersontakingdiureticdrugs(利尿药）mayneedadifferentamountofwater.Youmayneedtochangetheamountyouaredrinkingifyoulavebeenillwithvomitingordiarrhea.Waterisabetterchoicethansugarysodasorfruitjuices.38Onepopularideaisthatcaffeineoralcoholwillmakeyourbodylosemuchwater.Butonestudyshowedtheeffectisnotsignificant.Youalsogetwaterfromwhatyoueat.Fruits,vegetables,andsoupsalladdtotheintakeofwater.Yourbodywilltellyouifyouarehydratedenough.Youdon'thavetothinkaboutitoradduptheouncesyoudrink.39Electrolytesareessentialminerals.40Somesportsdrinksadssayyouneedtoaddelectrolytestostayhealthy.Butsomeexpertssaythatyourbodyproduceselectrolytes.Youmayneedmorewaterifyouexercisealotduringtheheatoftheday.Otherwise,mostpeoplegetenoughelectrolytesfromfood.A．Justdrinkthenyouarethirsty.B．TheyarevitaltomanyfunctionsinthebodyC．Itgivesyoumoreenergyandmakesyoulookgood.D．Instead,yourbodyandtheactivitiesyouattendmatter.E．Itisalsonecessarytosetatimetableaboutwhentodrinkwater.F．Theamountofwateryouneedinadayalsodependsonyourhealth.G．Butwhenitcomestohydration,anydrinkcanaddwatertoyoursystem.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ourneighborhoodwasstruckbyafiercestormjustseveraldaysago.StaringoutofthewindowIwitnessedatreebeing41bytheviolentwinds.Thebranchesbent,andswayedbackandforth,thankstotheir42toavoidbreaking.Theleavesdesperatelystucktothebranchessincetheirlife43

thetree.Thepowerfultrunkthat44thetreeuprightbentslightlybackwardsfromtheforceinabattleto45itsposition.Oneandhalfanhourshadpassedandthestormcametoastop.Thetreegracefullyreturnedtoits46positionstandingtallamongthechaos.Itsucceededin47thestorm.Itdidn’tlookthesame,forleaveshadshedfromitsbrancheswiththesoilloosenedabit,butwhat48isthatthetreewonthefightforitslife.ForalongtimeIreallywonderedwhythistree49myattentionthewayitdid.Astimepassed,itbecame50thatitwasn’tjustaboutthetreebutabouttheroots,which,althoughunseen,dugdeepintothesoilproviding51andnutrition.Therootsallowthetreetobeabletotakea52becausetheyaretheretosupportit.Icouldn’thelpbutreflectbyaskingmyselfhowdeeptherootsareinmylife.53,thenexttimeyoucatchyourkids54,whenthejobisdrivingyoucrazy,whenyouareunderpaidandthe55istight,andwhenthestormsoflifeareraging,gobacktoyourroots.Lifeisfullof56.Theywillmakeyousway,makeyou57,makeyoulosesomeleavesbutthedeeperyourrootsdigthestrongeryoustand.Facing58youmightbendbutdon’tbreak.Nomatterhowhardthewindblows,don’tletlife59youintoanundesirableposition.Your60liesinyourroots.41．A．broken B．abused C．crushed D．removed42．A．height B．thickness C．power D．flexibility43．A．answeredfor B．decidedon C．dependedon D．cateredfor44．A．held B．tied C．pulled D．lifted45．A．achieve B．reach C．establish D．maintain46．A．suitable B．ultimate C．Original D．comfortable47．A．exploring B．avoiding C．competing D．Surviving48．A．counts B．differs C．concerns D．reveals49．A．fixed B．aroused C．struck D．caught50．A．familiar B．apparent C．significant D．reasonable51．A．surroundings B．stability C．sources D．probability52．A．beating B．stand C．chance D．turning53．A．However B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．Besides54．A．misbehaving B．struggling C．WithdrawingD．misunderstanding55．A．security B．schedule C．money D．deadline56．A．surprisess B．choices C．storms D．changes57．A．collapse B．bend C．hesitate D．ache58．A．changes B．challenges C．responsibilities D．differences59．A．trick B．lead C．force D．admit60．A．courage B．ambition C．value D．strength第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AccordingtoofficialsinChina,thegiantpandaisnolongerlistedasendangered.Afterworkingformanyyearstoincrease61(they)numbers,therearenowmorethan1800giantpandas62liveinthewild.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature63(remove)thegiantpandafromtheendangeredlistin2016.Atthetime,Chineseofficialsdidn’tagreewiththe64(decide).However,nowtheydo.Chinahasworkedfordecadestoincreasethenumberoftheseblackandwhitebearsbecausetheyareregarded65nationaltreasures.Chinahasworkedtoenlargethepandas’habitat.Theyhavealsomadesurethatthereisplentyofbamboofo