浙江省绍兴市诸暨市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末检测英语试题

诸暨市2023—2024学年第一学期期末考试试题高二英语第一部分:听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Withwhatdidthemantakethephotos?A.Hiscamera.B.Hismobilephone.C.Thewoman'scamera.2.Whenwillthewomanmeetherdoctor?A.At7:00.B.At6:00.C.At8:00.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Atagasstation.C.Atagarage.4.WhatdoyouknowaboutChristine?A.Sheispleasedwithherhairstyle.B.Shelookssmartwithshorthair.C.Sheisparticularabouthaircut.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A.Changethestyle.B.Chooseapropercolor.C.Dressprofessionally.第二节（共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至第7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Co-workers.7.Whatisthewoman'sopinionaboutthenewworkers?A.Theyoughttobemoreresponsible.B.Theyshouldreceivemoretraining.C.TheyshouldmeettheHRmanager.听第7段材料,回答第8至第9题。8.Whydidthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toordersweetfood.B.Tomakeareservation.C.Toinquireaboutcoffee.9.Whatcanyouinferfromtheirconversation?A.Themanisunlikelytohavebeentothecafé.B.Thewomancannottellthelocationaccurately.C.Thespeakersaretalkingfacetofaceinthecafé.听第8段材料,回答第10至第12题。10.Whatdoyouknowabouttheconversation?A.Itisaninitiative.B.Itisanargument.C.Itisaninterview.11.Whyisthewomansofamiliarwiththebusroute?A.Sheusesiteveryday.B.Sheworksonthebus.C.Sheexploresregularly.12.Whichaspectdoesthewomanfindunsatisfactory?A.Themoneypassengersarecharged.B.Theservicethebusdriversprovide.C.Thebusshetakesonthewayhome.听第9段材料,回答第13至第16题。13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman'sdad.B.Theman'sbirthdayparty.C.Thewoman'sbrother.14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisfather'sperformanceonhisseventhbirthday?A.Motivated.B.Ashamed.C.Amused.15.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetotheperformanceoftheman'sdad?A.Favorable.B.Opposed.C.Suspicious.16.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Hewillaskhisfathertoperform.B.Hewillpersuadehisdadtohelp.C.Hewillassisthisdadtoperform.听第10段材料,回答第17至第20题。17.Whatdoyouknowabouttheman?A.Hewasembarrassed.B.Hewasdrunk.C.Hewaswelcomed.18.Forwhatdidthemancomeintothebar?A.Abreak.B.Awalk.C.Adrink.19.Whatdoyouthinkofthewaythewaiterhandledthesituation?A.Reasonable.B.Abnormal.C.Contradictory.20.Wheredoesthehumorofthestorylie?A.Themanmanagedtoidentifythewaiters.B.Themandidn'tshowanysignofannoyance.C.Themanthoughthewenttothreedifferentbars.第二部分:阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15个小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。（A）Joininginoneoftheoverseasvolunteerprogramsisafantasticideaforhighschoolstudentsduringvacations.Herearesomepopularprograms.StudentexchangeprogramsStudentexchangeprogramscanbeanexcellentwayforhighschoolstudentstotravelonabudgetandpromotecross-culturalunderstanding.Theseprogramsrangeinlengthfromacoupleofweekstoafullyearofclassesinaforeignhighschool.Feesvarybyprogram,butstudentsareoftenresponsibleforexpenseslikeairfareandfood.WorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarmsAnothergreatoptionisWorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms（WWOOF）.Ifyouareinterestedinworkingonafarm,youcandothatwithWWOOFinexchangeforfreeroomandboard.Opportunitiesareavailableinover500countries,andthetimecommitmentisuptoyoutodecide.Eachcountryhasitsownsetofrulesregardingminimumage,butWWOOFinGerman,Portugal,UK,andItalyacceptthoseundertheageof18.VirtualVolunteeringinNepalWhiletheideaofvirtualvolunteeringmightnotsoundquiteasexcitingasjettingofftonewdestinations,therealityisthatvolunteeringfromyourownhomecanbeadvantageous.Notonlydoyounothavetoworryaboutbuyingaplaneticketorpayingforexpensivehousing,butyoucanalsodoapart-timejobwhilestillgettinganimmersive（沉浸式的）internationalexperience.Studentscanworkonanynumberofprojects,fromEnglishlanguageeducationtocommunitydevelopment.GVI:VolunteeringforTeensSpecificallyofferingvolunteerprogramsforhighschoolstudents,GVI（GlobalVisionInternational）encouragesstudentsbetweentheagesof15and17toexplorethegreaterworld.Withprogramsaboutculturalimmersion,wildlifeconservationandcommunitydevelopment,highschoolstudentscanlearntobecomeaglobalcitizen.GVIprogramsareavailablein11countriesandlastonetotwoweeks.21.WhatistheadvantageofWWOOFtohighschoolvolunteers?A.Accommodationcanbefree.B.Nocountriessettheagelimit.C.Itadvocatesorganicfarming.D.Thetimecommitmentisshort.22.Whichprogramsuitsvolunteerswhocannotmakeitoverseas?A.StudentexchangeprogramsB.VirtualVolunteeringinNepalC.GVI:VolunteeringforTeensD.WorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms23.Howdotheprogramsbenefitvolunteersthemselves?A.Theywillbeofferedmorejobopportunities.B.Theyaretobequalifiedenoughtobeleaders.C.Theycangainsomeinternationalexperiences.D.Theywillprogressinacademicperformances.（B）Eightscientistswereawardedthe2023FutureSciencePrize,alsocalled"China'sNobelPrize",thefirstChinesenon-governmentalscienceawardjointlyinitiatedbygroupsofscientistsandentrepreneurs（企业家）.Sincetheestablishmentin2016,atotalof35scientistshavebeenawardedtheFutureSciencePrizesofar.ChaiJijieandZhouJianminreceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinlifesciencesforthediscoveryofresistosomes（抗原小体）andexplanationsoftheirmolecularstructuresandfunctionsinplantimmuneresponsesagainstpathogens（病原体）.Understandingofresistosomefunctionswillleadtobettermethodsforcontrollingplantdiseaseandthereforehaveenormousimportanceforglobalfoodsecurity.Chaisaidthathefeltextremelyhonored,excitedandhappyviaavideocallatthepressconference.Heemphasizedthatthisrecognitionwasnotonlyforhimselfbutalsofortheteam'syearsofhardwork."MycooperationwithProfessorZhouhaslastedfornearly20years.Ourpartnershiphasbeenproductiveandenjoyable,andIbelieveourcooperationwillcarryon,"hesaid.Duringthevideocall,ZhouremarkedthattheFutureSciencePrizeisgroundedinthenationalcontext.Itishearteningtoseethattheprizeplacesgreateremphasisonsupportingagriculture.ZhaoZhongxianandChenXianhuireceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinphysicalsciencesfortheirinfluentialbreakthroughsinthediscoveryofhigh-temperaturesuperconductingmaterialsandsystematicadvancementsinelevatingthetransitiontemperature.Notably,bothZhaoandChenconductedsystematicstudiestoshowtheunderlyingphysicalmechanismsofhighTcmaterials,positioningthemselvesattheforefrontofsuperconductorresearchforseveralyears.HeKaiming,SunJian,RenShaoqing,ZhangXiangyureceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinmathematicsandcomputerscience,fortheirextraordinarycontributionstoartificialintelligencebyintroducingdeepresiduallearning（深度残差学习）.The2023FutureSciencePrizeWeekandtheAwardCeremonywereheldinHongKongfromOctober14to17.24.Forwhatweretheeightscientistsawarded?A.Theirnever-endingpursuitofknowledge.B.Theirlong-termpartnershipinresearches.C.Theirremarkablecontributionstoscience.D.Theirintenseeffortstoovercomebarriers.25.WhatcontributestotheirdiscoveryaccordingtoChai?A.Vision.B.Passion.C.Ambition.D.Cooperation.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5indicate?A.Theirdiscoveryisground-breaking.B.ZhaoandChenhavealongwaytogo.C.Researchiscertaintoberewarded.D.Therealvaluecannotbeoverestimated.27.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Toappealtomanymorepeopletoinnovate.B.Torevealtherecipefortheirgreatsuccess.C.Toencourageustobecommittedtoscience.D.Tointroducethe2023FutureSciencePrize.（C）Flashdroughts（突发性干旱）developfast,andwhentheyhitatthewrongtime,theycanruinaregion'sagriculture.Theyarealsobecomingincreasinglycommonastheplanetwarms.InastudypublishedinthejournalCommunicationEarth&Environment,wefoundthattheriskofflashdroughts,whichcandevelopinafewweeks,isonpacetoriseineverymajoragriculturalregionaroundtheworldinthecomingdecades.InNorthAmericaandEurope,croplandthathada32%annualchanceofaflashdroughtafewyearsagocouldhaveagreaterchanceofaflashdroughtbythefinaldecadesofthiscentury.Thatresultwouldputfoodproduction,energy,andwatersuppliesunderincreasingpressure.Thecostofravagewillalsorise.AflashdroughtintheDakotasandMontanain2017caused$2.6billioninagriculturaldamageinAmericaalone.Alldroughtsbeginwhenrainfallstops.What'sinterestingaboutflashdroughtsishowfasttheyreinforce（加强）themselves,withsomehelpfromthewarmingclimate.Whentheweatherishotanddry,soilloseswaterrapidly.Dryairextractsmoisturefromtheland,andrisingtemperaturecanincreasethisevaporative（蒸发的）demand.Thelackofrainduringaflashdroughtcanfurthercontributetothefeedbackprocesses.Undertheseconditions,cropsandvegetationbegintodiemuchmorequicklythantheydoduringtypicallong-termdroughts.Inourstudy,weusedclimatemodelsanddatafromthepast170yearstoassessthedroughtrisksaheadunderthreeconditionsforhowquicklytheworldtakesactiontoslowthepaceofglobalwarming.Ifgreenhousegasemissions（排放物）fromvehicles,powerplants,andotherhumansourcescontinueatahighrate,wefoundthatcroplandinmuchofNorthAmericaandEuropewouldhavea53%annualchanceofflashdroughts,respectively（分别地）,bythefinaldecadesofthiscentury.Globally,thelargestprojectedincreasesinflashdroughtswouldbeinEuropeandtheAmazon.Slowingemissionscanreducetherisksignificantly,butwefoundflashdroughtswouldstillincreasebyabout6%worldwideunderlow-emissionconditions.28.Whyistheflashdroughtaconcern?A.Itoftendevelopsandstrikesunexpectedly.B.Itdoesgohandinhandwithrainfall.C.Itcanbedestructivetoregionalagriculture.D.Itschancehasincreaseddramatically.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ravage"meaninparagraph2?A.Control.B.Assessment.C.Production.D.Damage.30.Whichofthefollowingisadirectcontributortoflashdroughts?A.Theconstantrainfall.B.Theincreasingfooddemand.C.Thewarmingplanet.D.Thefastpaceofmodernlife.31.Whatcanbedonetoreducethedroughtrisksaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Tocutdownoncarbonfootprint.B.Toevaluatetherisksregularly.C.Tostudyclimatemodelsanddata.D.Tomonitorweathercondition.（D）ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusettshaveinventedanewwaytoproduceelectricity.Theirmethodusessuper-tinyholestomakeelectricityfrommoisture（水分）intheair.Thescientistshopethemethodwillonedayleadtocheap,cleanelectricityanywhereatanytime.Moistureintheairiswhathelpscreateelectricity.Waterdropletsintheaircarryanelectriccharge.Inclouds,thesewaterdropletsbuilduplargecharges,whichwelaterseeaslightning.Oneoftheresearchers,JunYao,describedthenewinventionasa"small-scale,man-madecloud".Sincethenewdevicegenerateselectricityfromtheair,thescientistscallit"Air-gen".Currently,thedeviceonlymakesasmallamountofelectricity—enoughtopowerasmallsensor.Butinthelabtests,theAir-gen,whichisalittlebiggerthanafingernail,producedthatelectricityalldayandallnightforaweek,poweredbynothingbuttheair.Thescientistshavetriedtomakeelectricityfromhumidity（湿度）before,butthosemethodsdidn'tworkforlong,orwereexpensivetomake.Butin2020,DrYaoandhisteamfoundawayofgettingelectricityfromhumidityusingspecial"nanowires"madefrombacteria（细菌）.Intime,thatresearchledthescientiststothekeydiscoveryoftheAir-gen:almostanymaterialcancreateelectricityinthiswayaslongasithasnanopores（纳米孔）oftherightsize.Thisisimportantbecauseitmeansinthefuture,thedevicescanbemadeverycheaply.TheresearchersarehopefulthattheAir-genwillbecomeanimportantgreenenergysource.ManyscientistsareimpressedwiththeideabehindtheAir-gen.ButsomehavesuggestedthatitmightbehardfortheAir-gentocreateenoughelectricitytoreallymakeadifference—especiallycomparedtopowersourceslikesolarenergy.ButDrYaoandhisteamareworkingonwaystomaketheAir-gentechnologymorepowerful.Becausethedeviceissothin,thescientistsbelievethatmanyAir-genlayers（层）couldbestacked（堆放）ontopofeachothertocreatemoreelectricitywithouttakingupmorespace.32.Whycanmoistureintheairbeusedtoproduceelectricity?A.Itvariesinstate.B.Itcarriescharge.C.Ithastinyholes.D.Ittrapslightning.33.WhatisthecurrentdisadvantageoftheAir-gen?A.Theinsufficientamountofelectricity.B.Thesmallsizeofthedevices.C.Itsinabilitytoworkatlowexpenses.D.Thelackofalternativematerial.34.WhatisDrYaoandhisteam'sattitudetotheAir-gentechnology?A.Uncertain.B.Optimistic.C.Disapproving.D.Critical.35.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WilltheAir-gentakeoffintime?B.CreatingelectricityfromtheairC.Isairgoingtobeamoney-maker?D.Inventinggreendevicesforair第二节（共5个小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bodylanguage,importantlanguageHaveyouevernoticedthebigdifferencebetweensomeone'sbehaviorandhiswords?Orhaveyoueverfailedtocontrolyourbodyoncertainoccasionsasaresultofnervousness?Todaylet'sdiscusshowessentialbodylanguagecanbeinourdailycommunication.Studieshaverevealedthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualtext.36EmilieSuter,aseniorstudentofEHL,believesthatthesignificanceofbodylanguageisreflectedintheabilitytohelppeopleintheprocessofcommunication.37Bodylanguageisthebestexplanationofthebehaviorpsychologyofindividualsandgroups.38Withoutproperbodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucannotintegratewiththeexternalenvironment.Therefore,youshouldalwayspayattentiontohowpeoplearoundyouusebodylanguagetoexpresstheiropinions—thisallowsyoutoaccuratelydetermineyournextmove.Fidgeting（坐立不安）maymeanthatthereisalackofinteractionbetweenthetwosidesoftheconversation.39LoichBatumba,vicepresidentofthestudentcouncilofEHL,saysthatheclearlyrememberssimilarexperiences:"Atthetimeofmyfirstinterview,myinterviewerandIbarelycommunicatedeye-to-eye,soIcouldclearlyfeelthattherewasalackofinterestbetweenourconversations."Howtoestablishagoodpersonalimpressionisatopicthatpeoplehaverepeatedlydiscussed.40Thishasincreasedtheimportanceofphysicalactionsforus.A.Bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.B.Ofcourse,somebodylanguageisshareduniversally.C.Inrealsituations,bodylanguagemattersalotmorethanyouthink!D.Thismeansthat"howtosay"ismoresignificantthan"whattosay”.E.Turningtootherdirectionscanmeanheorshedoesnotshareyouropinion.F.Ithelpspeoplebetterunderstandtheoverallsituationandthusmakeadjustments.G.Interestingly,whatweseeisactuallythemostimportantstandardforustojudgeothers.第三部分:语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节:完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。YangHaoran,bornintoafamilyofcottonfarmers,spenthischildhoodplayinginthecottonfields.He41howhardhisparentshadtoworkusingconventionalfarmingmethods,aswellashowautomationhas42productivityandsavedlabor.Havingfinisheduniversity,Yangbecamea43farmerhimself.However,unlikehisparents,hisexperiencehasbeenvery44;hemanagesover200,000squaremetersofcottonfieldsandalways45newwaystoimproveefficiencythroughtechnological46.In2018,hesawthegreatbusiness47ofusingdrones（无人机）infarmingandestablishedhisowncompany,which4813droneoperators,allofwhomarepost-90sworkerslikeYanghimself."Wearelikeabigfamily,withmembersfromdifferentethnicgroups,"Yangsaid49.Inpeakgrowingseason,theymovetheir50inaskillfulwayoverthefieldswhileintheoff-season,theytrainlocalfarmersto51drones.Todate,Yang'steamhastrainedhundredsoflocalfarmers."Thiswillenablethemto52newtechnologies,allowingthemto53theadvancesinmodernagriculture,"hesaid.Yang's54doesnotendthere.Hehasrecentlytakenupaprecision（精准）farmingproject,whichusesdronestocollectdataforspectralanalysis（光谱分析）,andtransmitreal-timedataoncropgrowthandsoilmoisturetotheirrigationandfertilizerequipmentforprecision55.41.A.recalledB.witnessedC.blamedD.assumed42.A.integratedB.tackledC.generatedD.boosted43.A.cottonB.riceC.wheatD.sorghum44.A.visibleB.differentC.complexD.multiple45.A.transformsB.handlesC.seeksD.adjusts46.A.presentationB.extensionC.interactionD.innovation47.A.conceptB.potentialC.theoryD.framework48.A.employsB.attainsC.entertainsD.promotes49.A.firmlyB.willinglyC.proudlyD.gently50.A.machinesB.dronesC.pumpsD.switches51.A.operateB.launchC.displayD.update52.A.resistB.gatherC.spreadD.acquire53.A.keepinmindB.beengagedinC.comedownwithD.keepupwith54.A.dreamB.geniusC.insightD.theory55.A.communicationB.industryC.agricultureD.tourism第二节:语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。CavetoursareoneofthemainattractionsofMammothCaveNationalPark,allowingvisitorstoexplorethepark'sextensiveundergroundcavesystem.Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoftoursavailable,rangingfrombeginner-friendlywalks56physicallydemandingadventures.Themostpopulartouristhe"HistoricTour",57isa2-hourwalkthattakesvisitorsthroughthepark'smostfamouscavesandtunnels.Thistour58（offer）aglimpse（体验）intotherichculturalhistoryofthecave,includingitsusebyearly59（settle）anditsroleasasourceofsaltpeter（硝石）duringthewarof1812.Forthoselookingforamorechallengingexperience,the"WildCaveTour"isa6-houradventurethattakesvisitorsoffthe60（beat）pathandintosomeofthepark'sless-exploredareas.Thistourinvolves61（climb）throughnarrowpassages,andisrecommendedforexperiencedcaversandthoseingoodphysicalcondition.Inadditiontothe62（tour）mentionedabove,thereareseveralotheroptions,includinga"DomesandDripstones"tour,whichshowsthecave'suniquegeology,63a"FrozenNiagara"tour,whichfeaturesasplendiddisplayoffrozenwaterfallsandtoweringstalactites（钟乳石）.Nomatter64yourchoiceis,itisdefinitelyauniqueandunforgettableexperiencetovisitMammothCaveNationalPark.The65（