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汇报人:XX2024-02-03中考英语直接引语与间接引语练习目录IntroductionBasicconceptsofdirectandindirectspeechAnalysisofCommonDirectSpeechTypesandExampleSentencesintheHighSchoolEntranceExamination目录AnalysisofCommonIndirectSpeechTypesandExampleSentencesintheHighSchoolEntranceExaminationTechniquesforconvertingdirectandindirectspeechPracticeandAnalysisofMiddleSchoolEntranceExaminationQuestions01IntroductionPurposeandbackgroundThepracticeofdirectandindirectspeechaimstoimprovestudents'abilitytounderstandandusereportedspeechinEnglish,whichisacriticalskillforcommunicationandlanguageproficiencyPurposeReportedspeechisacommonlinguisticphenomenoninEnglishandotherlanguages,wherebyaspeakerreportsonwhatotherpersonhassaidorthoughtMasteringthisskillisessentialforstudentstoexpressthemselvesclearlyandaccuratelyinEnglish,specificallyinacademicandprofessionalsettingsBackgroundGrammarandstructure:Thiscoursewillcoverthebasicgrammarandstructureofreportedspeech,includingtheuseoftense,proofs,andverbformsVocabularyandexpressions:Studentswilllearncommonvocabularyandexpressionsusedinreportedspeech,suchasreportingverbsandphrasesforexpressingthoughtsandfeelingsListeningandspeakingskills:ThecoursewillincludelisteningexercisestohelpstudentsidentifyreportedspeechinconversationandspeakingpracticetoimprovetheirownuseofreportedspeechReadingandwritingskills:StudentswillalsopracticereadingtextscontainingreportedspeechandwritingexercisestoreinforcetheirunderstandingandapplicationofthematerialOverviewofcoursecontent02BasicconceptsofdirectandindirectspeechDirectspeechoftenincludesverbssuchas"said,""asked,"or"taken"toindicatethespeaker'sactionDirectspeechistheexactwordsofthespeaker,presentedwithinquotamarksItaimstoconfirmtheoriginalmessageasaccuratelyaspossible,preservingthespeaker'stone,language,andintendedmeaningDefinitionandcharacteristicsofdirectspeechDirectspeechreportswhatwassaidwithoutusingtheexactwordsofthespeakerIttypicallyinvolvesachangeintense,pronunciations,andsomewordsordertoreflectthefactthatthespeechisbeingreportedsecondhandDirectspeechoftenusesverbssuchas"hold,""explained,"or"informed"toindicatetheactofcommunicationDefinitionandcharacteristicsofindirectspeechDirectandindirectspeecharecloselyrelatedandoftenusedinterchangeablytogatherthesameinformation单击此处添加正文,文字是您思想的为了最终呈现发布的。单击此处添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。单击此处添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。4行*21字MasteringthetransformationbetweendirectandindirectspeechiscriticalforaccurateandeffectivecommunicationinEnglishTheprincipleoftransformationinvolvesunderstandinghowtoconvertdirectspeechintoindirectspeech(andviceverse)whilepreservingtheoriginalmeaningTherelationshipbetweenthetwoandtheprincipleoftransformation03AnalysisofCommonDirectSpeechTypesandExampleSentencesintheHighSchoolEntranceExaminationAdeclarativepresencestatesafactoropinionIndirectspeech,itistypicallyintroducedbyareportingverbsuchas"said"or"stated.""Iamtired,"shesaidInthecontextofanEnglishexamination,declarativedirectquotationsmaybeusedtopresentcharacters'thoughts,feelings,orstatementsoffactwithinanarrativeordescriptivetextDefinitionExampleUseinexaminationDeclarativedirectquotaDefinitionAnaggressivepresenceasksaquestionIndirectspeech,itisintroducedbyaquestionword(suchas"what,""when,""where,"etc.)andtypicallyendswithaquestionmarkExample"Whereareyougoing?"HeaskedUseinexaminationInteractivedirectquotationsarecommonlyusedindialoguesornarrativeswhereacharacterisaskingaquestionTheyhelptocreateasenseofinteractionandengagementwiththetextInterrogtivedirectquotaDefinitionAneffectivepresencegivesacommandormakesarequestIndirectspeech,itistypicallyexpressedwithoutasubjectandendswithanexceptionmarkorperiod,dependingontheforceofthecommandExample"Closethedoor,"sheorderedUseinexaminationImperativedirectquotationsareoftenfoundininstructions,directions,orwhenacharacterisgivingacommandtoanothercharacterwithinanarrativeordescriptivetextImperativedirectquotaUseinexamination:Explanationdirectquotationsareusedtoaccommodateacharacter'sstrongreactiontoaneventorsituationwithinanarrativeordescriptivetextTheyhelptoemphasizetheemotionalimpactofthemomentandengagethereaderinthestoryDefinition:AnexceptionsenseexpressionsastrongemotionorfeelingIndirectspeech,itistypicallyintroducedbyanexceptionwordorphraseandendswithanexceptionmarkExample:"Howbeautifultheflowersare!"SheclaimedExcitationdirectquotation04AnalysisofCommonIndirectSpeechTypesandExampleSentencesintheHighSchoolEntranceExamination010203DefinitionAdeclarativeindirectquotationisastatementthatreportswhatsomeoneelsehassaidorthought,withoutusingtheexactwordsExample"Johnsaidthathehadfinishedhishome."Inthispresence,"John"isthespeaker,"said"istheverbofsaying,and"thathehadfinishedhishome"isthedeclarativeindirectquotationUsageinexamsDeclarativedirectquotationsarecommonlyusedinreadingcomprehensionandwritingsectionsofmiddleschoolentranceexamstoteststudents'understandingofthemainideaorspecificdetailsofatextDeclarativeindirectquotationDefinitionAnaggressiveindirectquotationisaquestionthatreportswhatsomeoneelsehasasked,withoutusingtheexactwordsExample"SheaskedwhyIhadbeentothemuseumbefore."Inthissense,"She"isthequestioner,"asked"istheverbofasking,and"whyIhadbeentothemuseumbefore"istheinteractiveindirectquotationUsageinexamsInterrogtiveindirectquotasoftenappearinlisteningandspeakingsectionsofmiddleschoolentranceexams,wherestudentsarerequiredtorespondtoquestionsbasedonshortdialoguesormonologuesInterrogtiveindirectquotaAneffectivedirectquotationisacommandorrequestthatreportswhatsomeoneelsehasorderedorrequested,withoutusingtheexactwords"Theteacherholdsustoopenourbooks."Inthispresence,"Theteacher"isthecommander,"hold"istheverbofcommanding,and"ustoopenourbooks"istheefficientdirectquotaImperativedirectquotasarecommonlyfoundinwritingtasksofmiddleschoolentranceexams,wherestudentsareaskedtowritelettersoremailsbasedongivenscenarios,whichmayincludegivingordersorrequestsDefinitionExampleUsageinexamsImperativeindirectquotaDefinition:Anexceptionindicatingquotaisanexceptionthatreportswhatsomeoneelsehasclaimed,withoutusingtheexactwordsExample:"Sheclaimedthattheviewwasbreaktaking."Inthissentence,"She"istheexaminer,"claimed"istheverbofclaiming,and"thattheviewwasbreaktaking"istheexceptiondirectquotationUsageinexams:Exclusiondirectquotationsarelesscommoninmiddleschoolentranceexamsbutmayappearinreadingcomprehensionorwritingsectionstoteststudents'understandingofstrongemotionsorreactionsexpressedbycharactersinatextExcitationindirectquotation05TechniquesforconvertingdirectandindirectspeechFirstpersonproofs(I,me,my,mine,we,us,our,our)indirectspeecharechangedtothecorrespondingsecondpersonproofs(you,your,your)orthirdpersonproofs(he,she,it,they,him,her,they,his,her,its,their,their)indirectspeechSecondpersonproofsindirectspeecharecommonlychangedtofirstpersonproofsinindirectspeechifthespeakerisreportingwhatsomeoneelsesaidtothemOtherwise,theyarechangedtothirdpersonpronounsRuleofpersonchangeIfthereportingverbisinthepresenttense,thetenseinthedirectspeechremainsunchangedintheindirectspeechIfthereportingverbisinapasttense,thetenseinthedirectspeechisusuallychangedtoacorrespondingpasttenseintheindirectspeech(e.g.,presenttensehascomepasttense,futuretensehascomeconditionaltense)Sometensions,suchasthepresentandpasteffects,donotchangewhenconvertingfromdirecttoindirectspeechTensechangerulesDemonstrativeproofs(this,that,these,those)maychangetoavoidfusionortoclarifythereferenceinthedirectspeechTimeads(today,tomorrow,yesterday,etc.)andplaceads(here,there,etc.)arecommonlychangedtoreflectthenewtimeandplacereferencesinthedirectspeechForexample,"today"mightcome"thatday"and"here"mightcome"there"inanindirectspeechChangesinDemonstrativePronuns,TimeAdvertisements,andPlaceAdvertisementsAdvisorthecontextandtherelationshipbetweenthespeakerandthelistenerThis
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