高中英语语法填空讲解与练习

语法填空GrammarFilling1、阅读、理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。考查目标语法填空题两类“空”：纯空格〔3-4个〕给词空(6-7个〕1.谓语〔时态—语态—数〕2.非谓语〔todo---doing—done)3.词类转换(名—形—副〕冠、代、介、连、引导词考查方式解题关键：1把握大意；2找关键词；找出句中主语、谓语、连词主语、谓语、连词横线前后词既要符合语意，又要符合语法！忽略文意，直奔题目！切忌：原那么：给词空考点讲解：1.谓语〔时态—语态—数〕2.非谓语〔todo---doing—done)3.词类转换(名—形—副〕Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,____________(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.Theydidn’ttakemanychancesintheirlives.Theyusually_________(follow)orders.Ihadtoleaveworktotakehimtothehospitalbecausehe__________(break)hisfinger.waschangedfollowedhadbroken考点一、谓语动词

括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态和语态。如果空格前是助动词〔will,shall等〕、情态动词〔can,may,must等〕或是动词加to的形式，那么空格一定是。如果空格前是have的各种形式，那么想到构成。如果空格前是be的各种形式，那么想到用

动词原形完成时进行时态或被动语态。应试策略谓语时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为：现在:一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。过去:一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。2、时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态(主将从现)(if/unless/assoonas/after/before/when等);3、时态标志；4、时态一致性原那么；5、上下文语境；reading考点二、非谓语动词solvedtoreadHe

sits

in

the

classroom,

_______

(read)

a

book.Willyoulendhimamagazine________(read).Withtheproblem_________(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement.

非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。如果与中心词是主动关系，；如果与中心词是被动关系，；如果表示将来，一般用V-ing形式一般用V-ed形式应试策略一般用动词不定式。非谓语在单项选择里考会很难，但在语法填空里考，却成了比较简单的考点。如果“空”所在的句子已经有了谓语动词，而且提示词是动词，那么这时候考察的是非谓语动词形式。如果你实在不会非谓语，这儿教你一个很无赖的方法(正确率很高)：“空”后面紧跟名词，填ing形式，反之填ed形式。uselesstightlyappearancepersonal考点三、词性转换Mostofthepeopleinthetownshowedpityonhim,butitwas________(use).Hehuggedthelittleboy_________(tight).Theorderinwhichtheyfinishedwoulddecidetheorderoftheir____________(appear)intheChinesecalendar.4.…,soI’mverycarefulnottogiveoutmy__________(person)information.括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分〔修饰什么词〕，再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的单词拼写能力。应试策略cheaperworst考点四、形容词或副词worseOneofthe________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher,MissChen.Forafamilyoffour,forexample,itismoreconvenientaswellas_______(cheap)tositcomfortablyathome,…Manyotheractorsare_____(badly)offthanmeatpresent,…括号内给出形容词或副词，要根据上下文语境确定用原级、比较级还是最高级形式。应试策略形容词修饰名词/代词副词修饰动词/形容词/副词/句子Itis/was+形容词〔+for/ofsb)+todo小试牛刀：1.【2015课标全国Ⅰ61改编】ItwasraininglightlywhenI_______(arrive)InYangshuojustbeforedawn(黎明).2.【2015安徽24改编】JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealizedI_______(leave)mybookintherestaurant.3.【2014江西22改编】WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith_________(patient).4.【2013天津3改编】IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare_________________(meaningful)thingstodo.5.【2014天津8改编】Aftertheevent(活动〕the______(piano)weredonatedtolocalschoolandcommunitygroups.6Thewomanlookaroundtheshop,_________(keep)aeyeonherbaby.arrivedhadleftpatiencemore

meaningfulpianoskeeping纯空格类考点讲解：1.冠词2.代词3.介词4.

连词或副词5.

引导词theana考点五、冠词Heliedtotheteacherwith______samereason.Youcannowmake_______educateddecisionaboutwhatcareertopursue.Theauthorofthestudysuggestedthatencouragingmorebooksreadingmightbe____usefulwaytopreventchildhoodaccidents.

如果空格后是单数可数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填不定冠词(a,an)。如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填定冠词(the)。应试策略Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehear______spoken.2.Thelittleboypulled_______righthandoutofthepocketandstudiedanumberofcoinsinit.3.Ipatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsomedeepbreathingtohelprelax_________.itmyselfhis考点六、代词

首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。如果空格后是名词，就应该考虑空格处是否用物主代词(my,your,his等)、指示代词(this,that等)、不定代词(few,little,many,much,all,each,every,both,neither,other等)、名词所有格或形容词等进行修饰。

如果空格前是动词,就应考虑用人称代词和反身代词。应试策略Televisionisnowplayingaveryimportantrole______ourlife.…morethanninethousandyoungAmericans,dissatisfiedwiththeirtrainingathome,wenttoGermany______advancedstudy.ItwasinthisveryroomthatIgavebirth______Lindaseventeenyearsago.

fortoin考点七、介词介词可位于名词之前。如atnight,onSunday等；也可位于形容词之后，如beinterestedin,begoodat等；还可位于不及物动词之后，如listento,arriveat,lookfor等。应试策略掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；Ifafamilyhasmanychildren,themiddleonesometimesgetslostinthecrowd.

Theyoungestchild,_________,oftengetsspecialtreatment.Astheoxcameashore,theratjumpedoffandfinishedtheracefirst.___________theratgotthefirstyearnamedafterhimandtheoxgotthesecondyear.…Iaskedmyclassmatesaboutherinterest______thenImademyfinaldecision.howeverandSo/Thus考点八、连词或副词空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，那么要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。表示递进：so,for,therefore,thus等；further,furthermore,moreover,inaddition等；

but,nevertheless,however,yet,while,although,though,等。表示转折：表示因果：

表示并列：and,or等；应试策略thatwhothat考点九、引导词Oneday,hecameupwithanidea________hewouldhelpmewithmyproject.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,_____aresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikelytosucceed.SocarelesswasI_________Ihadforgottenallaboutthat.空格前后都是一个句子,做题时应该从句子的意义去判断是属于什么类型的复合句〔定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句〕，再确定填什么引导词。应试策略如何判断从句类型？空格前是名词空格前是及物动词

空格前是系动词

空格在句首定语从句同位语语从句主语从句状语从句所填词在后面句子中充当成分不充当成分所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表所填词在后面句子中充当各类状语宾语从句表语从句判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句小试牛刀：1.【2014山东4改编】Susanmade___cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.2.【2014北京23改编】Janeisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves____halfanhour.3.【2015重庆14改编】Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks,nearlyhalfof______werepublishedinthe1990s.4.【2014安徽22改编】Theexactyear___________KateandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawasin2008.5.Hurryup,

____

you’llmisstheearlybus.itwhichthat/whichinor一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步复读很关键，保证全文意连贯。解题四步口诀：Practicemakesperfect.Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI__61__(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours__62__,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with__63_(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64__arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_65__(painting).Instead,I‘dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway__66_carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuo__67__(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers_68__(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit___(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_70__(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.【2015课标全国Ⅰ】Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI__61__(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours__62__,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with__63_(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.arrivedearlier/beforeitsI’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountain(石灰岩山)topsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64__arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_65__(painting).Instead,I‘dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway__66_carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.that/whichpaintingsbyYangshuo__67__(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers_68__(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit___(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_70__(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.isconducted

regularly

livingTheadobedwellings(土坯房)61〔build〕bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouth