浙江省S9联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题

2023学年第一学期杭州S9联盟期中联考高二年级英语学科试题考生须知：1.本卷共8页满分150分,考试时间120分钟；2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试卷上无效；4.考试结束后,只需上交答题纸。第I卷选择题(共95分)第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whichputerdoesthemanuseathome?A.ADelldesktop.B.AnAppletablet.C.ASamsunglaptop.2.WhatwillNancydoduringtheholiday?A.TraveltoEurope.B.Acpanyherfamily.C.Workonherpaper.3.Howwillthewomangettothepany?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:00a.m.B.9:30a.m.C.10:30a.m.5.WhatisJohnlikelytodothisafternoon?A.Gotothepetshop.B.Feedthewoman’sfish.C.Buyhimselfanewbed.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Makingplansfortomorrow.B.Introducingtheirownhometowns.C.Checkingtheweatherreportonline.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatwasthemandoing?A.Watchingamovie.B.Listeningtoabook.C.Enjoyingsomemusic.9.WhatisDanielRadcliffe’sjob?A.Anactor.B.Awriter.C.Amusician.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whydomoreyoungpeoplelivewithparentsaccordingtothesurvey?A.Toavoidloneliness.B.Tocarefortheirparents.C.Tolowertheircostofliving.11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asocialphenomenon.B.Theirparents’burden.C.Thehighlivingexpenses.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple.B.Fellowworkers.C.Friends.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atanairport.B.Inastation.C.Onatrain.14.Whichcitydidthewomansetofffrom?A.Boston.B.Chicago.C.NewYork.15.Howdoesthewomanpayfortheticket?ABycheque.B.Bycash.C.Bycreditcard.16.Whenwillthewomanarriveatherdestination?A.At5:30pm.B.At5:00pm.C.At4:30pm.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whydidthespeaker’sfamilychooseAustralia?A.Itisn’tveryfaraway.B.Therearegreatmuseums.C.Hisrelativeslivethere.18.Wheredidthespeaker’sfamilygofirst?A.Theartgallery.B.TheAustralianWarMemorial.C.TheNationalMuseumofAustralia.19.Whatdidthespeakerseeforthefirsttime?A.Kangaroos.B.Springs.C.Deserts.20.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofhistrip?A.Tiring.B.Wonderful.C.Disappointing.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInthespecialtimeoffightingagainstCOVID19,youmaywanttolearnmoreaboutviruses.Besidesreadingnews,watchingfilmsandTVseriesmayhelpyoubetterunderstandthem.Herearethethreechoicesforyou.ContagionAdeadlyvirusspreadsrapidlyandkillspeoplewithindaysofshowingsymptoms.Asthefastmovingpandemicgrows,theworldwidemedicalmunityworkstofindacure.USpoliticalwebsiteTheHillsays,“Itmakesitclearthatavirustriestoseekoutnewhosts(宿主)becauseitscarriersdie—asitmusttosurvive,anditmustalwaysstayonejumpaheadofdeath.”Interested?Click://360kan.FluWithasevereoutbreakoftheepidemicaSouthKoreancity,thegovernmentordersapleteshutdowntoseparatethemunity.DoctorKimandarescueworkerKangwanttosavetheinfected,includingKim’sdaughter.Theyentertheclosedcityandsuccessfullydevelopavaccine(疫苗).“Itconveystoitsaudiencetheimportanceoftreatingpeoplewithdignityandcourage,”moviecriticKerrywroteinheressay.Visits://movie.doubanandlearnmoreaboutit.TheHotZoneSincetheEbolavirusfirstbrokeoutinthe1970sinAfrica,ithasbeefamousworldwideandoneofthedeadliestdiseasesintheworld.Basedonthevirus,adramacalledTheHotZonewascreated.ItissetinWashington,DC,in1989,whenthevirusappearsinananimalresearchlab.AUSArmyscientist,NancyJaax,risksherlifetopreventaseriousoutbreak.“TheHotZoneshowswhatittakestodefeatanoutbreak,”notedVariety.Clicks://meijuiandseewhatNancyJaaxwilldo.1.WhydoesavirusinContagionseekoutnewhosts?A.Forspreading. B.Forsurvival.C.Forentertainment. D.Forpreference.2.WhydoesthegovernmentofaSouthKoreancityorderashutdown?A.TorescueKim’sdaughter.B.Tomakearesearchintothevirus.C.Totesttheeffectivenessofthevaccine.D.Tokeepthecityfromtheoutsideworld.3.Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom.A.awebsite B.atourguide C.afictionbook D.anadvertisement【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三部可以帮助我们更好地了解病毒的影视作品。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Contagion中“Itmakesitclearthatavirustriestoseekoutnewhosts(宿主)becauseitscarriersdie—asitmusttosurvive,anditmustalwaysstayonejumpaheadofdeath.(这清楚地表明，一种病毒因为它的携带者死亡而试图寻找新的宿主——因为它必须生存下去，它必须总是比死亡早一步)”可知，在《传染病》中，病毒寻找新的宿主是为了生存。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Flu中“WithasevereoutbreakoftheepidemicaSouthKoreancity,thegovernmentordersapleteshutdowntoseparatethemunity.(随着韩国一个城市爆发严重的疫情，政府下令完全封闭，以隔离社区)”可知，政府下令封闭是为了让该社区与外部世界隔离开。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了三部可以帮助我们更好地了解病毒的影视作品，再结合每个影视作品介绍的最后有网址供读者点击去观看可推知，文章应该是出自网站。故选A项。BIfyoulivenearadeepforest,youmighthaveeacrosssomewildlifeanimalshidinginyourbackyard,butnothingbeatsthesurprisethiswomangotwhenshefoundthreebabydeerhidinginherhousetowaitoutthestorm.Thewomanthenpostedseveralphotosofthebabydeertakingrefuge(避难)inoneofherroomsonherTwitteraccount“Amscolie”.Shewrotethatitwasaverystormydayandarainstormwasapproachingsosheleftherbackdooropenjustincasesomeanimalswantedtotakerefugeinherhouse.Inthemeantime,shewentoutinthestormtocheckwhethertherewereanyanimalsthatwerestuckinthebadweather,especiallyanumberofdeer.However,shecouldnotfindanyofthemsoshewentbacktoherhome.Surprisingly,shefoundthatthedeerhadalreadymadetheirwayinsideherhouse!Likemanyotheranimals,deercanpredictstormyweatherandknowwhenitisbesttofindashelterfromthedangerousweather.Asthebackdoorwasopened,shedidnotnoticewhenthedeerenteredherhouse.Thethreeintelligentbabydeermadetheirwayinsidebuttherewasnosightoftheirparents.Thewomandidtrytofindiftherewasanydeernearbyherhousebuttonoavail.Thewomanthoughtthatthebabydeermighthavelosttheirparentssosheweledthemwithopenarms.“Iraiseorphaned(孤儿的)wildlife.Recently,asastormwasing,Idoubtedsomewildlifecouldn’tfindshelters,soIopenedthebackdoor.Withashock,Iwentinside,onlytoseethemnexttoanendtableinthelivingroom.Itoldthemtheycouldsleepinthehouseforthenightbecausetheweatherwasgoingtobeterrible.Whataday!”thewomanwroteonLittleThings.4.Howdidthebabydeerenterthewoman’shouse?AThewomanledthemin.B.Thewomaninvitedthemin.C.Theyalwayshidatwoman’shome.D.Theyenteredthroughthebackdoor.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthewomanfromparagraph2?A.Sheraisesdeerinherownhouse.B.Shelostherdeeronastormynight.C.Sheisdevotedtoprotectingwildlife.D.Shehardlycameacrosswildanimals.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“tonoavail”inparagraph4?A.Failed. B.Ignored. C.Missed. D.Disappeared.7.Whatkindofpersonisthewoman?A.Patientandhonest. B.Selflessandhumorous. C.Courageousandselfish. D.Warmheartedandresponsible.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个女人保护野生动物的故事，在暴风雨天，她把后门打开以便一些动物避难，还在暴风雨中查看是否有动物被困，当她回到家的时候，她发现三只小鹿躲进了她的屋子，于是热情地欢迎了它们。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shewrotethatitwasaverystormydayandarainstormwasapproachingsosheleftherbackdooropenjustincasesomeanimalswantedtotakerefugeinherhouse.(她写道，那是一个狂暴风雨的日子，暴风雨即将来临，所以她把后门开着，以防一些动物想在她的房子里避难)”和第四段中“Asthebackdoorwasopened,shedidnotnoticewhenthedeerenteredherhouse.(由于后门是开着的，她没有注意到那些鹿进了她的房子)”可知，小鹿是通过开着的后门进入了她的房子。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Shewrotethatitwasaverystormydayandarainstormwasapproachingsosheleftherbackdooropenjustincasesomeanimalswantedtotakerefugeinherhouse.Inthemeantime,shewentoutinthestormtocheckwhethertherewereanyanimalsthatwerestuckinthebadweather,especiallyanumberofdeer.(她写道，那是一个狂暴风雨的日子，暴风雨即将来临，所以她把后门开着，以防一些动物想在她的房子里避难。与此同时，她在暴风雨中出去查看是否有动物被困在恶劣的天气中，特别是一些鹿)”可知，这个女人特意把后门打开以便一些动物在暴风雨天避难，甚至亲自去查看是否有动物被困。由此可知，她致力于保护野生动物。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Thewomandidtrytofindiftherewasanydeernearbyherhouse(这个女人确实试图寻找她的房子附近是否有鹿)”和表示转折意思的“but”可推知，这个女人去寻找了，但是没有找到，tonoavail意思应该是“失败”，与fail意思接近。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Shewrotethatitwasaverystormydayandarainstormwasapproachingsosheleftherbackdooropenjustincasesomeanimalswantedtotakerefugeinherhouse.Inthemeantime,shewentoutinthestormtocheckwhethertherewereanyanimalsthatwerestuckinthebadweather,especiallyanumberofdeer.(她写道，那是一个狂暴风雨的日子，暴风雨即将来临，所以她把后门开着，以防一些动物想在她的房子里避难。与此同时，她在暴风雨中出去查看是否有动物被困在恶劣的天气中，特别是一些鹿)”可知，这个女人特意把后门打开方便想躲避暴风雨的动物，甚至亲自去查看是否有动物被困，因此她是热心的。根据第四段中“Thewomandidtrytofindiftherewasanydeernearbyherhousebuttonoavail.Thewomanthoughtthatthebabydeermighthavelosttheirparentssosheweledthemwithopenarms.(这个女人确实试图寻找她的房子附近是否有鹿，但无济于事。这个女人认为小鹿可能失去了父母，所以她张开双臂欢迎它们)”可知，在发现了小鹿后，女人出去确认附近是否有其他鹿，可能是想找到小鹿的父母，因此她是有责任心的。故选D项。CAhandfulofsmallanimalandhumanstudiesprovethatconsumingdairyproductslikemilkandcheesebeforebedmayhelpmostpeoplehaveamorerestfulnight’ssleep,thoughthereasonwhyremainsunclear.Mostexpertsbelievethatmilkpromotingsleepmayberelatedtochemicalpounds,thementaleffectsofthisrelaxedbedtimehabit,orboth.Mostexpertsagreethatmilk’ssleeppromotingpossibilityislikelyrelatedtospecificchemicalpounds,suchastryptophan(色氨酸)andmelatonin(褪黑素)inmilkwhichmayhelpyoufallasleep.Becausetheroleoftryptophanandmelatonininsleepdisordersiswellestablished,mostexpertsbelievetakingsupplementsofthesepoundsmayreducesymptomsofanxietyanddepressionthatcancropupatbedtime.However,there’scurrentlynoevidencetosuggestthatasingleglassofmilkcontainsenoughtryptophanormelatonintosignificantlyinfluenceyourbody’snaturalproductionofelementswhichhelpapersonfallasleepfastortoindependentlytreatadisorderedsleepingpattern.Someprofessors,suchasClinteninBostonUniversity,drawatheoryandsuspectthatmilk’spotentialroleasasleepaidhaslittletodowithitsnutritionalpositionandthatit’sinsteadmorecloselyrelatedtothementaleffectofhavingacalmingbedtimehabit.Anothertheoryisthatdrinkingwarmmilkcouldsubconsciouslyremindyouofhavingmilkatbedtimeduringyourearlychildhoodyears.Thesesoothingfeelingsmaysignaltoyourbrainthatit’stimetosleep,makingiteasiertofallasleeppeacefully.Still,thereisnotenoughevidencetodefinitelyproveanyparticulareffectsofdevelopingahabitofdrinkingmilkbeforebedtime,somoreresearchisneeded.8.Whatcanweknowabouttheviewpointthatmilkcanpromotesleep?AMilkcanonlyhelpanimalsfallasleepquickly.B.Thereasonwhydrinkingmilkcanpromotesleephasbeenfound.C.Everyonecanfallasleepfasterbydrinkingmilkbeforegoingtosleep.D.Thetryptophanandmelatonininmilkmaypromotehealthysleepcycles.9.Accordingtothetheory,Clintenthinksdrinkingmilkbeforebedtimecan.A.Releasenutritionalposition.B.Addmoreanxietyanddepression.C.Implyoneselfthatyoushouldgotobednowwithease.D.Continuetodevelopthehabitofdrinkingjustlikeinyourchildhood.10.Whoistheintendedreaders?A.Tradesmanwhosupplymilk. B.Peoplewhosufferfromwakefulness.C.ProfessorsinBostonUniversity. D.Childrenwithadisorderedsleepinghabits.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheeffectsofthemilkbeforebedtime?A.Doubtful. B.Critical. C.Indifferent. D.Negative.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对睡前喝牛奶是否对睡眠有帮助进行了解释说明。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Mostexpertsagreethatmilk’ssleeppromotingpossibilityislikelyrelatedtospecificchemicalpounds,suchastryptophan(色氨酸)andmelatonin(褪黑素)inmilkwhichmayhelpyoufallasleep.(大多数专家都认为，牛奶促进睡眠的可能性可能与特定的化合物有关，比如牛奶中的色氨酸和褪黑素，它们可以帮助你入睡)”可知，牛奶中的色氨酸和褪黑素可以促进健康的睡眠周期。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Someprofessors,suchasClinteninBostonUniversity,drawatheoryandsuspectthatmilk’spotentialroleasasleepaidhaslittletodowithitsnutritionalpositionandthatit’sinsteadmorecloselyrelatedtothementaleffectofhavingacalmingbedtimehabit.(一些教授，如波士顿大学Clinten，提出了一个理论，并怀疑牛奶作为助眠剂的潜在作用与它的营养成分无关，相反，它与拥有一个平静的就寝习惯的心理影响更密切相关)”可知，Clinten认为睡前喝牛奶可以暗示自己现在该轻松上床睡觉了。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段“Ahandfulofsmallanimalandhumanstudiesprovethatconsumingdairyproductslikemilkandcheesebeforebedmayhelpmostpeoplehaveamorerestfulnight’ssleep,thoughthereasonwhyremainsunclear.(一些小型动物和人类研究证明，睡前食用牛奶和奶酪等乳制品可能有助于大多数人获得更安宁的睡眠，尽管原因尚不清楚)”可知，本文讲述了喝牛奶可能有助于改善睡眠质量，因此这篇文章可能适合失眠的人看。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still,thereisnotenoughevidencetodefinitelyproveanyparticulareffectsofdevelopingahabitofdrinkingmilkbeforebedtime,somoreresearchisneeded.(不过，目前还没有足够的证据明确证明养成睡前喝牛奶的习惯有什么特别的影响，因此还需要更多的研究)”可知，作者对睡前喝牛奶的效果持怀疑态度。故选A。DCouldanapptellifafirstdateisjustnotthatintoyou?EngineersattheUniversityofCincinnatisaythetechnologymightnotbefaroff.Theytrainedaputerusingdatafromreparabletechnologythatmeasuresrespiration,heartratesandperspirationtoidentifythetypeofconversationtwopeoplewerehavingbasedontheirphysiologicalresponsesalone.Researchersstudiedaphenomenoninwhichpeople’sheartrates,respirationandotherautonomicnervoussystemresponsesbeesynchronized(同步的)whentheytalkorcollaborate.Knownasphysiologicalsynchrony,thiseffectisstrongerwhentwopeopleengagedeeplyinaconversationorcooperatecloselyonatask.“PhysiologicalsynchronyshowsupevenwhenpeoplearetalkingoverZoom,anonlinechatplatform,”saidstudycoauthorVesnaNovak.Inexperimentswithhumanparticipants,theputerwasabletodifferentiatefourdifferentconversationswithasmuchas75%accuracy.Thestudyisoneofthefirstofitskindtotrainartificialintelligencehowtorecognizeaspectsofaconversationbasedontheparticipants’physiologyalone.“Theputercouldtellifyou’reabore,”leadauthorChatterjeesaid.“Amodifiedversionofoursystemcouldmeasurethelevelofinterestapersonistakingintheconversation,howharmoniousthetwoofyouareandhowengagedtheotherpersonisintheconversation.”Studieshaveshownthatphysiologicalsynchronycanpredicthowwelltwopeoplewillworktogethertoacplishatask.Thedegreeofsynchronyalsocorrelateswithhowmuchempathyapatientperceivesinatherapistorthelevelofengagementstudentsfeelwiththeirteachers.“Youcouldprobablyuseoursystemtodeterminewhichpeopleinanorganizationworkbettertogetherinagroupandwhicharenaturallyopposed,”Chatterjeesaid.Thisaspectofaffectiveputingholdshugepotentialforprovidingrealtimefeedbackforeducators,therapistsorevenautisticpeople,Novaksaid,“Therearealotofpotentialapplicationsinthisspace.”12.Whatdidtheengineerstraintheputertodointhestudy?A.Recordconversations. B.Smoothconversations.C.Judgeconversations. D.Provideconversationtips.13.What’sparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Howwedeveloptalkingskills. B.Howphysiologicalsynchronyworks.C.Whychattingonlinegetspopular. D.Whyphysiologicalsynchronymatters.14.Howdoesphysiologicalsynchronybenefitteachers?A.Byofferingthemsometeachingskills.B.Byhelpingthemcorrectinghomework.C.Bycreatingarelaxingstudyingatmosphere.D.Byprovidingthemwithstudents’participationlevel.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Stayorpass?Thisputercantell. B.Goodorbad?Thatisabigproblem.C.Whatcantheputerdoforpatients? D.Howcanweimproveourpeopleskills?【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家发现AI可以判定人们之间的对话是否顺利，对话应该继续还是结束。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Theytrainedaputerusingdatafromreparabletechnologythatmeasuresrespiration,heartratesandperspirationtoidentifythetypeofconversationtwopeoplewerehavingbasedontheirphysiologicalresponsesalone.(他们训练了一台计算机，利用测量呼吸、心率和出汗的可再生技术的数据，仅根据两个人的生理反应来识别他们的谈话类型)”可知，工程师们训练计算机来判断对话。故选C。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Researchersstudiedaphenomenoninwhichpeople’sheartrates,respirationandotherautonomicnervoussystemresponsesbeesynchronized(同步的)whentheytalkorcollaborate.(研究人员研究了一种现象，即当人们交谈或合作时，他们的心率、呼吸和其他自主神经系统反应会同步)”可知，第二段主要介绍了生理同步是如何工作的。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“Thedegreeofsynchronyalsocorrelateswithhowmuchempathyapatientperceivesinatherapistorthelevelofengagementstudentsfeelwiththeirteachers.(同步性的程度还与患者对治疗师的共情程度或学生对老师的参与程度有关)”可知，生理同步可以帮助老师了解学生参与课堂学习的程度。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Couldanapptellifafirstdateisjustnotthatintoyou?Engineersatthe,UniversityofCincinnatisaythetechnologymightnotbefaroff.(如果第一次约会的人没那么喜欢你，应用程序能告诉你吗？辛辛那提大学的工程师表示，这项技术可能不会太遥远)”以及全文可知，科学家发现AI可以判定人们之间的对话是否顺利，对话应该继续还是结束。由此可知，A项：Stayorpass?Thisputercantell(留下还是离开？这台计算机可以判断)可以作为文章标题，符合题意。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asisknown,AlbertEinsteinwasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime.Hewasalsoareallygreatperson.Einsteinlearnedfrommakingmistakes____16____,someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded.Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencil.Healsoneededabaskettoholdhismistakes.Thisshowsthathekneweventhecleverestmanintheworldcanonlylearnbymakingmistakes.____17____Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.EinsteinconsideredtimetobeimportantHeneverworesocksbecausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.____18____.Heknewwhatwasworthremembering.Itistruethatifwearegoingtodogreatthingsinourlives,wecannotwastetime.EinsteinlikedtojoketooInoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.____19____!WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.____20____,weshouldthinkofhim.So,neverbediscouraged!A.EinsteinwasalsoverymodestB.WhatahumorouspersonheisC.EinsteinwasalsostrictwithhisstudentsD.WhenEinsteinstartedtoworkinAmericaE.GivestudentsachancetocorrecttheirmistakesFIfweeverfeellikegivingupwhenwehaveproblemsG.That’swhyheneverrememberedhisownphonenumber【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.B20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱因斯坦个人的一些伟大之处。【16题详解】分析句子结构可知，该空缺乏一个从句。D选项“当爱因斯坦开始在美国工作时”用When引导时间状语从句，表明下文“someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded(有人问他需要什么)”事情发生的时间点，引出下文“Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencil.(他说他需要一张桌子，一些纸和铅笔)”讲工作需要的工具。故选D项。【17题详解】该空为小标题，起总结段落作用。由下文“Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.(许多孩子写信要求他帮他们做作业。一天，他写信给一个年轻女孩，告诉她不要担心她的数学作业，因为他认为数学也很难)”可知，下文讲最伟大的科学家爱因斯坦也认为数学也很难，说明他谦虚的品质，承接下文，A选项“爱因斯坦也很谦虚”是最佳小标题。故选A项。【18题详解】由小标题“Einsteinconsideredtimetobeimportant(爱因斯坦认为时间很重要)”和上文“Heneverworesocksbecausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.(他从不穿袜子，因为人们已经穿鞋子了，所以他认为穿袜子是浪费时间。他还认为，记住书本上的东西是不值得的)”可知，上文用具体事例讲明爱因斯坦不会做浪费时间的一些事，表明他注重时间的重要性，G选项“这就是为什么他从不记得自己的号码”承接上文举出另一个爱因斯坦看重时间的例子，也讲明爱因斯坦为什么会这样做。故选G项。【19题详解】由小标题“Einsteinlikedtojoketoo(爱因斯坦也喜欢开玩笑)”和“Inoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.(在一次考试中，一个学生问爱因斯坦为什么所有的问题都和去年的一样。爱因斯坦回答的问题都一样，但答案不同)”可知，B选项“他是一个多么幽默的人啊”承接上文讲爱因斯坦拥有幽默感。故选B项。【20题详解】分析句子结构可知，该空缺乏一个从句。由上文“WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.(爱因斯坦小时候，老师们常说他不聪明。然而，爱因斯坦一直在努力工作，他的成就令世界惊讶)”可知，爱因斯坦被老师说不聪明，也没有放弃努力工作，可见永远不要遇到问题就放弃、气馁，承接上文，F选项“如果我们遇到问题时想放弃”用If引导条件状语从句，表明下文“weshouldthinkofhim(我们应该想想他)”事情发生的条件。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ClaireandLarryBelmont,theownersofaflowershop,weresurprisedtodiscoverthatsomeonehadgraffiti(涂鸦)afenceoutsidetheirshop.Butthereal____21____cameaftertheypostedtheincidentonTwitter.Discoveringthegraffitiontheirpropertywas____22____butClaireandLarrydecidedtotakeamore____23____wayinsteadofcallingthe____24____.Theysharedwhathadhappenedonline,explainingthattheywere____25____togivethefenceanupdatewithamural(壁画).“Callingall____26____!”theywrote,lookingforsomeonewhohasatalentforpainting.Itwas____27____whattheyaskedfor.“Wearelookingforsomethingthatwillbringhope,and____28____ourmunity!”Astheirpostgainedattentiononline,theverypeopletheyhadleast____29____toseeagainturnedup!Onedaythree_____30_____cameintotheflowershop.Theteenslookedterrified_____31_____theyfoundthecourageto_____32_____forgraffitiingthefenceandtheypromisedtorepaintit.Shockedattheir_____33_____choicetoreturntotheshop,ChaireandLarryinstantlychoseforgiveness.Afterthegraffitiwas_____34_____,theamazingcouplereceivedacallfromShower.Thepeople,acharitableorganizationinNashville.Theywere_____35_____bythecouple’sstoryanddecidedtocreateafreemuralforthem.Whatapowerfuldemonstrationofforgiveness!Itjustgoestoshowthatoneactofkindnesscanhaveadomino(多来诺骨牌)effect.21.A.sorrow B.pressure C.guilt D.shock22.A.annoying B.embarrassing C.confusing D.exciting23.A.adventurous B.positive C.realistic D.pessimistic24.A.customer B.manager C.police D.consultant25.A.inspired B.persuaded C.required D.permitted26.A.neighbors B.doctors C.artists D.clients27.A.frequently B.eventually C.exactly D.gradually28.A.clarify B.beautify C.simplify D.identify29.A.arranged B.promised C.refused D.expected30.A.teenagers B.painters C.journalists D.chefs31.A.but B.and C.or D.otherwise32.A.apply B.apologize C.prepare D.stand33.A.proud B.selfless C.modest D.brave34.A.givenout B.wornout C.paintedover D.packedup35.A.touched B.amused C.defeated D.disturbed【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.C27.C28.B29.D30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个爱与宽恕的故事，表明了善行可以产生多米诺骨牌效应。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真正令人震惊的是，他们在Facebook上发布了这一事件。A.sorrow悲伤；B.pressure压力；C.guilt内疚；D.shock震惊。根据下文“Astheirpostgainedattentiononline,theverypeopletheyhadleast9toseeagainturnedup!”和“Shockedattheir13choicetoreturntotheshop”可知，Claire和LarryBelmont的咖啡店外的围墙上被人涂鸦，在他们将这件事情发布到网上后，涂鸦的人主动找上门来认错并提供帮助，这才是真正让人感到震惊的事情。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：发现自家房子上的涂鸦让克莱尔和拉里很生气，但他们决定采取更积极的方式，而不是报警。A.annoying令人生气的，令人恼火的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据第一段中“discoverthatsomeonehadgraffiti(涂鸦)afenceoutsidetheirshop.”和上文“thegraffitiontheirproperty”可推知，有人在自己店外的围墙上涂鸦，这是令人生气的事情。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.adventurous有冒险精神的；B.positive积极的；C.realistic现实的；D.pessimistic悲观的。根据下文可知，Claire和Larry并没有选择报警，而是在网上分享此事，并解释说受此启发，他们想要召集画家在围墙上画个壁画。由此可推知，他们采取一种更积极的方式对待此事。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.customer顾客；B.manager经理；C.police警察；D.consultant顾问。根据上文可知，咖啡店外的围墙上被乱涂乱画，结合常识，正常的情况下应该报警，但店主Claire和Larry没有这样做。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在网上分享了发生的事情，并解释说，他们受到启发，想给围栏画了一幅壁画。A.inspired启发；B.persuaded劝说；C.required需要，要求；D.permitted允许。由“todiscoverthatsomeonehadgraffiti(涂鸦)afenceoutsidetheirshop.”到“togivethefenceanupdatewithamural(壁画).”可推知，Claire和Larry想在围墙上画上壁画是受涂鸦的启发。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“呼叫所有的艺术家!”他们这样写道，寻找有绘画天赋的人。A.neighbors邻居；B.doctors医生；C.artists艺术家；D.clients顾客。根据下文“lookingforsomeonewhohasatalentforpainting.”可知，他们要寻找的是有绘画天赋的艺术家。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是他们想要的。A.frequently经常地；B.eventually最终；C.exactly确切地；D.gradually逐渐地。根据上文“thattheywere5togivethefenceanupdatewithamural(壁画).”和“lookingforsomeonewhohasatalentforpainting.”可知，Claire和Larry想在围墙上画上壁画，而有绘画天赋的艺术家“正是”他们所需要的。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们正在寻找一些能带来希望，美化我们社区的东西!A.clarify阐明；B.beautify美化；C.simplify简化；D.identify识别。根据上文“thattheywere5togivethefenceanupdatewithamural(壁画).”可知，Claire和Larry想用壁画来装点围墙，这是对社区环境的美化。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们的帖子在网上引起关注时，他们最没期待看到的人又出现了!A.arranged安排；B.promised承诺；C.refused拒绝；D.expected期待。根据下文“Shockedattheir____13____choicetoreturntotheshop,ChaireandLarryinstantlychosetoforgivetheteens.”可知，那几个在Claire和Larry的店外的围墙上涂鸦的少年出现了，Claire和Larry没想到他们会主动上门来认错并提供帮助，这几个犯了错的少年是他们最没料到会见到的人。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，三个十几岁的孩子走进咖啡店。A.teenagers青少年；B.painters画家；C.journalists新闻记者；D.chefs大厨。根据下文“ChaireandLarryinstantlychosetoforgivetheteens.”可知，走进咖啡店的是三个青少年。故选A。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这些青少年看起来很害怕，但他们鼓起勇气为在栅栏上涂鸦道歉，并承诺重新粉刷。A.but但是；B.and和；C.or或者；D.otherwise否则。根据上文“Theteenslookedterrified”和下文“theyfoundthecourageto12forgraffitiingthefenceandtheypromisedtorepaintit.”可知，尽管他们感到害怕，但仍然勇敢地找到Claire和Larry并承诺重新粉刷，上下文有转折关系，用连词but连接。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.apply申请；B.apologize道歉；C.prepare准备；D.stand站立，忍受。根据下文“ChaireandLarryinstantlychoseforgiveness.”可知，三个少年向Claire和Larry道歉。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克莱尔和拉里对他们返回商店的勇敢选择感到震惊，立即选择原谅他们。A.proud骄傲的；B.selfless无私的；C.modest谦虚的；D.brave勇敢的。根据上文“Theteenslookedterrified”和“foundthecourageto12forgraffitiingthefence”可知，三个少年尽管感到害怕，但仍勇敢地找到Claire和Larry道歉，所以Claire和Larry对他们的勇敢选择感到惊讶。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：涂鸦被粉刷后，这对了不起的夫妇接到了Shower的。A.givenout分发；B.wornout磨损；C.paintedover刷油漆覆盖；D.packedup收拾行李。根据上文“theypromisedtorepaintit.”