备考2024届高考英语一轮复习基础自测第一部分过透教材Unit5WorkingtheLand新人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit5WorkingtheLand基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.attainvt.（通常经过努力）获得；得到2.overcomevt.克服；解决；战胜3.estimatevt.估计；估价n.估计；估算4.comprisevt.包括；包含；由……组成5.soiln.泥土；土壤；领土6.visionn.想象；视力；视野；影像7.essentialadj.完全必要的；极其重要的8.alternativen.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的9.instancen.例子；实例；事例10.aspectn.方面；层面Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变1.devotevt.把……献（给）；专心于→devotedadj.忠诚的；挚爱的→devotionn.献身；忠诚2.shortadj.短的；矮的；缺乏的→shortenvt.&vi.（使）变短；缩短→shortagen.不足；缺少3.convincevt.使相信；说服→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.确信的；信服的4.conventionn.习俗；常规→conventionaladj.传统的；习惯的5.assumevt.假定；认为→assumptionn.假定；设定6.expandvt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展（业务）→expansionn.扩张；扩展7.consumevt.消耗；耗费；消费→consumptionn.消耗；消费→consumern.消费者8.generatevt.产生；引起→generationn.代；一代人；（尤指电、热等的）产生9.realadj.真实的→realityn.现实；事实→realisevt.实现vt.&vi.意识到→reallyadv.真正地10.nutritionn.营养；滋养→nutritiousadj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutritionaladj.营养（物）的11.deepenvt.&vi.加深；（使）变深→deepadj.深的adv.深深地；在深处→depthn.深（度）12.entireadj.整个的；全部的→entirelyadv.全部地；完整地Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意1.tacklevt.解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理2.crisisn.危机；危急关头3.boostvt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励4.characteristicn.特征；品质adj.典型的；独特的5.intenseadj.热切的；十分强烈的6.domesticadj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的7.leisuren.闲暇；休闲；空闲8.celebrityn.名望；名誉；名人9.grainn.谷物；谷粒10.urbanadj.城市的；城镇的11.tunneln.地下通道；隧道12.fertilisern.肥料13.povertyn.贫穷；贫困14.widespreadadj.分布广的；广泛的15.digestvt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘16.mineraln.矿物；矿物质17.rootn.根；根茎；根源Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配1.devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心2.becomprisedof包括；由……组成（或构成）3.deepdown在内心深处；本质上；实际上4.inturn相应地；转而；依次；轮流5.forinstance例如；比如Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用1.Indeed，hisslimbutstrongbodywasjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers，towhomhehaddevotedhislife.（"介词＋关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句）确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。2.However，whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.（that引导的表语从句）然而，最让他担忧的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。3.Howthiscouldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.（how引导的主语从句）如何做到这一点在那时是一个具有挑战性的问题。4.GiventhatYuan’shybridsmadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.（giventhat...）考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。5.Forexample，pesticidescandamagethelandbykillingnotonlyharmfulbacteriaandinsects，butalsohelpfulones.（notonly...butalso...）例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时，也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）1.TheconstructionofChinaSpaceStationshowsourcountryhasattained（获得）greatsuccessinspacescience.2.Someanalystsestimate（估计）thatfoodproductionefficiencywillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.3.Haditnotbeenforthesupportoftheteachers，thestudentcouldnothaveovercomeherdifficulty.4.Youcanbepaidincashweeklyorbychequemonthly；thosearethetwoalternatives.5.Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.6.Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife，mostlyforthebetter.7.Theuniversity，whichiswell-knownathomeandabroad，comprisestwelvedepartments.8.Whatisknowntousallisthatthebacteriathatliveinthesoilhelptobreakdownourwastes.Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Theconsumptionofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Forinstance，seeingathinpersoneatalot，wearemorelikelytoconsumealargeportion.（consume）2.Hisspeechwassoconvincingthateveryonepresententirelybelievedwhathesaid.Iwasentirelyconvincedofhisfitnessforthetask.（convince）3.Astudent’svocabularyexpandsthroughreading.Inturn，theexpansionofvocabularycontributestodigestingthereadingmaterialsbetter.（expand）4.Theteacherdevotesallhislifetoteaching.Heissodevotedtothiscausethateveryoneadmireshimforhisdevotion.（devote）5.Hehadbeenshortofexerciseforalongtime.Theshortageofexerciseledtohisweakness.Soheshortenedhistimeofplayingcomputergamestotakeexercise.（short）6.Youshouldn’tlookintothecaseontheassumptionthatheisacriminal.Withoutfirmevidence，heshouldbeassumedtobeinnocent.（assume）7.Thelake’sexactdepthremainsunmeasurable.However，expertsthinkthatitisstilldeepeninggradually.（deep）8.Ientirelyagreewithyouthatchildrenshouldgooutdoorsmorefrequently.ItreallyupsetsmewhenIseethemspendinganentiremorninginfrontofscreens.（entire）9.SuddenlyIrealisedthatInevergotaccustomedtolivingthere.Inreality，Iwasreallymissingmyhometown.（real）10.Thenewdam，designedtogenerateelectricitybywater，isexpectedtoprovideelectricityforfuturegenerations.（generate）Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子devoteoneselfto becomprisedofdeepdown inturn forinstance1.Lifeiscomprisedofnotonlysunshinebutalsostormsandwemustbebraveinfrontofdifficulties.2.Weallbelievedeepdownthathardworkandvirtuewillleadtosuccesswhilelazinessandevilwillleadtoruin.3.Wordshaveapowerfuleffectonyourbrain，andinturnitinfluencesyouractiongreatly.4.Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance，astronautslosebonemass.5.LuXunchangedhismindtodevotehimselftoliteraturewiththepurposeofsavinghismotherlandfromfallingbehind.Ⅳ.句式仿写1.此外，成都有各种各样的美食，其中四川火锅最有名。（"介词＋关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句）Moreover，therearevariouskindsofdeliciousfoo