四川省凉山州西昌市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题【含答案解析】

西昌市2023—2024学年度上期期末检测高二英语注意事项：1.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，试题卷10页，答题卡2页。全卷满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置;选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，其他试题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡对应题框内，不得超越题框区域。考试结束后将答题卡收回。第Ⅰ卷选择题(满分95分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisthemantakingaplasticbagonhiswalk?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Topickupafterthedog.C.Tocarrysometoysforthedog.2.Whatsportsarethespeakersdoing?A.Skating.B.Running.C.Swimming.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getabottleofwine.B.LookforherIDcard.C.Showherbirthdaygift.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Feedbirdsathome.BLookforherseatatthefronthall.C.Watchthemanperformattheconcert.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Terry’swedding.B.Thewoman’sfamily.C.Theman’sschoollife.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanadmireaboutthewoman?A.Hertoughness.B.Herappearance.C.Herintelligence.7.Whenisthewoman’snextmeeting?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Thisevening.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhydidthewomangotoJapan?A.Totakeatrip.B.Toworkthere.C.Tovisitherfamily.9.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Inashop.B.Inabank.C.Inarestaurant.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers.B.Friends.C.Co-workers.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whenwillthemanbefine?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.12.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMichigan?A.Theyareweak.B.TheybeatIowa.C.Theywillhaveatoughtime.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Stayinbed.B.Seeadoctor.C.Watchsometapes.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemansoundthroughouttheconversation?A.Enthusiastic.B.Indifferent.C.Surprised.15.Whatwouldthespeakers’kidsloveaboutthehouse?A.Ithasmanybedrooms.B.Ithasalotoffurniture.C.Ithasabiglivingroom.16.Howmanycupboardsarethereinthehouse?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.17.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Seethehouse.B.Moveintothehouse.C.Findmoreinformationaboutthehouse.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Wheredoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Atabirthdayparty.B.Atagoodbyeparty.C.Ataretirementceremony.19.WhatdothestudentsthinkofMissBrown?A.Sheisfriendlybutstrict.B.Sheisseriousandboring.C.Sheishumorousandpatient.20.Whoisthespeaker?A.Aparent.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AInrecentyears,anumberofChina’stechnologicalinnovationshavebeenmakingtheirmovesintheworld.Amongthem,fourstandoutwithareputationofChina’s“fourgreatnewinventions”inmoderntimes,whichhavemadethedailylifeofthepublicmoreandmoreconvenient.1.SHAREDBICYCLESSharedbicycles,concentratingondealingwith‘thelastmile’inpeople’strips,haveboomedoverthelasttwoyears.MobikeandOfobecamethemainstreamafterthefiercemarketcompetition.AccordingtoasurveylaunchedbyQuestmobile,themonthlyfrequencyofuseofthemobileamountedto1.1billioninSeptemberthisyear.2.HIGH-SPEEDRAILBoastinglowcostandquickdelivery,Chinahasbuilttheworld’slongesthigh-speedrail(HSR)network.Ithadoperated2,595high-speedtrainsby2016,whichtookup60percentoftheworld’stotalhigh-speedtrains.3.ALIPAYAlipay,orZhifubao,hasbecomeChina’sleadingmobileandonlinepaymentservice,establishedin2004byChina’se-commercegiantAlibabaGroup.AlipaycanalsobeusedfortransferringmoneyfromoneAlipayonlineaccounttoanotheraccount,orfromtheonlineaccounttoabankaccountbybindingadebitcardtotheonlineaccount.4.E-COMMERCEWitharound731millionInternetusers,Chinahasbeentheworld’slargestandfastest-growinge-commercemarket.AccordingtothestatisticsfromChineseStatisticalBureau,in2016,China’sonlineretailsalesreached5155.6billionyuan,withyearonyeargrowthupto26.2%.Onlineshoppinghasbecomeavitalpartoflife.Thefunctionofsupermarketisevenbroughtonlineandfreshproductsbecomeavailableinfirst-tiercitiesnow.1.Whichcontributesmosttothefinalpartofatrip?A.Alipay B.E-commerce C.High-speedrail D.Sharedbicycles2.Whatdothefourinventionshaveincommon?A.Theyarecheapandefficient.B.TheyarerelatedtotheInternet.C.Theyhavebroughtgreatconveniencetopeople.D.TheyareonlypopularwithyoungChinesepeople.3.Whichofthefollowingisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewspaper. B.Atraveljournal. C.Abrochure. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了中国近年来在科技创新方面所取得的四项重大成果，被誉为现代中国的“四大新发明”。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SHAREDBICYCLES下的“Sharedbicycles,concentratingondealingwith‘thelastmile’inpeople’strips,haveboomedoverthelasttwoyears.(共享单车专注于解决人们出行中的“最后一英里”问题，在过去两年蓬勃发展。)”可知，共享单车对旅行的最后一部分贡献最大。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inrecentyears,anumberofChina’stechnologicalinnovationshavebeenmakingtheirmovesintheworld.Amongthem,fourstandoutwithareputationofChina’s“fourgreatnewinventions”inmoderntimes,whichhavemadethedailylifeofthepublicmoreandmoreconvenient.(近年来，中国的一些技术创新已经走向世界。其中，有四项在近代以中国“新四大发明”的美誉脱颖而出，使公众的日常生活越来越方便。)”可知，这四项发明的共同之处是它们给人们带来了极大的方便。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Inrecentyears,anumberofChina’stechnologicalinnovationshavebeenmakingtheirmovesintheworld.Amongthem,fourstandoutwithareputationofChina’s“fourgreatnewinventions”inmoderntimes,whichhavemadethedailylifeofthepublicmoreandmoreconvenient.(近年来，中国的一些技术创新已经走向世界。其中，有四项在近代以中国“新四大发明”的美誉脱颖而出，使公众的日常生活越来越方便。)”可知，该段落讨论了最近的科技创新及其对社会的影响，这是新闻报道中常见的话题，所以本文可能来自一份报纸。故选A项。BBeatriceDeLavalettewasjust17yearsoldwhenshewasseriouslyinjuredinaterroristattackinBelgium,losingbothofherlegsfromthekneedown.Theteenspentthenextseveralmonthsinreceivingtreatment,workinghardtoregainhermovementandindependence.Sheappreciatedherfamilyforsupportingherandcomfortingherbysayingthatlifewouldgoonduringthosedarkdays.Herbelovedhorse,DeeDee,wasespeciallyhelpfulinherrecovery.Beatricegrewupinanequestrian(马术的)family.Shestartedridingwhenshewasjustakid,competingindressage(盛装舞步)bythetimeshewas12.Whenhertherapist(治疗专家)broughtDeeDeetothehospitalparkinglotoneday,Beatriceknewherloveofhorsesandridingwasthewayforward.Afewdayslater,hertherapistdrovehertothestables(马厩),andliftedherupontoDeeDee,beginningherchallengingtaskofrelearninghowtoride.Eventhoughhermusclestrengthaswellashersenseofcontrolwasgone,sheneversubmittedtohermisfortune.Instead,shewaseagertogetbacktoher“reallife”.Littlebylittle,shesuccessfullyregainedthestrengthtoridewithoutassistance.Hereffortspaidoffeventually.InApril2017,Beatricewasabletoreturntocompetitionsatashow.Now,sixyearsaftertheaccidentthatalmostkilledher,shewasselectedtorepresentTeamUSAattheTokyo2020ParalympicGames!DeeDeehadretiredfromcompeting,soBeatricerodehernewhorse,aDutchwarmbloodnamedClarc.ThetwoofthemearnedfifthplaceinthegradeIIindividualcategoryandsixthinthefreestyle!“Mybeinghereshowsthatanythingispossible,”shesaid.“Iknowit’skindoftheusualthingtosay,butit’strue.Justgoforit.”4.WhendidBeatricegetseriouslyinjured?A.In2014. B.In2011. C.In2017. D.In2020.5.WhatmostprobablymadeBeatricedeterminedtorelearnriding?A.Herfamily’ssupport. B.Herindependentspirit.C.Hertherapist’streatment. D.Herpassionforhorseriding6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“submitted”inparagraph4probablymean?A.turnedin B.turneddown C.gavein D.gaveaway7.WhatcanwelearnfromBeatrice’sstory?A.Nopain,nogain. B.Interestisthebestteacher.C.Encouragementisthebestmedicine. D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过Beatrice遭遇双腿截肢，却仍然不屈不挠、努力拼搏走向东京残奥会的励志故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Now,sixyearsaftertheaccidentthatalmostkilledher,shewasselectedtorepresentTeamUSAattheTokyo2020ParalympicGames!(现在，在那次几乎要了她的命的事故发生六年后，她被选为代表美国队参加2020年东京残奥会！)”可知，Beatrice是在2014年受伤的。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenhertherapist(治疗专家)broughtDeeDeetothehospitalparkinglotoneday,Beatriceknewherloveofhorsesandridingwasthewayforward.(一天，当她的治疗师把迪迪带到医院的停车场时，Beatrice知道她对马的热爱和骑马是前进的道路)”可知，对骑马的热情使Beatrice决定重新学习骑马。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Instead,shewaseagertogetbacktoher“reallife”.(相反，她渴望回到她的“真实生活”)”可知，Beatrice渴望回到她的“真实生活”，即她从未向自己的不幸屈服。故划线词意思是“屈服”。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThetwoofthemearnedfifthplaceinthegradeIIindividualcategoryandsixthinthefreestyle!“Mybeinghereshowsthatanythingispossible,”shesaid.“Iknowit’skindoftheusualthingtosay,butit’strue.Justgoforit.”(他们两人分别获得了二级个人赛第五名和自由表演第六名！“我来到这里表明一切皆有可能，”她说。“我知道这是一种常见的说法，但这是真的。只管去做吧。”)”结合本文通过Beatrice遭遇双腿截肢，却仍然不屈不挠、努力拼搏走向东京残奥会的励志故事。可推知，故事告诉我们有志者，事竟成的道理。故选D。CDoyougetnervousthinkingaboutacomingmathtest?Ifyes,youarefarfromalone.Mathanxietyhasbecomeacommonpsychologicalconditionamongstudentsaroundtheworld.Studentsincountrieswithhigherlevelsofmathanxietytendtoachievelowermathgrades,accordingtoastudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesonFeb15.AccordingtoaUniversityofCambridgestudy,inordinarylife,manypeopleexperiencesomedegreeofdiscomfortwhenfacedwithamathproblem,rangingfrommildtension(紧张)tostrongfear.Somepeoplealsoexperiencephysicalsymptomssuchassweaty(流汗的)palmsoraracingheart.Theymaythentrytoavoideverysituationinvolvingnumbers,meaningtheyareheldbackfrompickingupcareersrelatedtothissubject,suchasscience,technologyorengineering,accordingtoTheGuardian.However,thefactisthatthosewithmathanxietyaren’tnecessarilytobebadatmath.“Ifachildhasmathanxiety,don’tassumethatthey’renotgoodatmath.Theymayhavehadareallybadexperiencewithmathandtherearewaystoimprovemath,”DanielAnsari,theseniorauthorofthestudytoldTheLondonFreePress.“Studentswithmathanxietyarenotcognitively(认知方面)disadvantaged.”Also,therearewaystomanageyourstressrelatedtomath.Ifyou’refeelingstressedbeforeamathexam,itmayhelptospendafewminutesexploringthosefeelingsbeforetheexambegins.“It’saboutmakingsureyou’reshowingyourfeelingscorrectly,”SianBeilock,acognitivescientistintheUStoldtheBBC.“Justbecauseyouhaveafastheartbeatandsweatypalms,thatdoesnotnecessarilymeanyouwillfail.”Alittlemathanxietycouldbetakenasapositivechallengetoovercome.Justlikemanypeoplegetstagefearbeforemakingaspeech,thisnervousenergycanhelptomotivate,accordingtoIanLyons,apsychologistatGeorgetownUniversityintheUS.8.Whichofthefollowingistrueofstudentswithmathanxiety?A.Theyarenotgoodatmath. B.Theywillsurelyfailintheexam.C.Theymayhavephysicalandmentaldiscomfort. D.Theywillnotbeallowedtodojobsrelatedtomath.9.WhatisSianBeilock’sviewonmathanxiety?A.Youwillfailifyouhavemathanxiety.B.Youshouldlearntounderstandyourfeelings.C.Youmustshowyourfeelingscorrectlybeforeamathexam.D.Afastheartbeatandsweatypalmsmaycausemathanxiety.10.Whatshouldastudentwithmathanxietysaytohimselfaccordingtothepassage?A.ThoughIcandoitwell,I’mworried. B.ThoughI’mworried,Icandoitwell.C.It’simpossibletogetridofmathanxiety. D.I’dbetternotgetstressedbeforeamathexam.11.What’stheauthor’spurposetowritethispassage?A.Tointroducepeople’sopinionsonmathanxiety.B.Toshowmathanxietyhavebadeffectsonstudents.C.Toarguemathanxietycanbeovercomeiftreatedproperly.D.Toprovestudentswithmathanxietyarenotcognitivelydisadvantaged.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是数学焦虑，数学焦虑的影响以及如何应对数学焦虑。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AccordingtoaUniversityofCambridgestudy,inordinarylife,manypeopleexperiencesomedegreeofdiscomfortwhenfacedwithamathproblem,rangingfrommildtension(紧张)tostrongfear.(根据剑桥大学的一项研究，在日常生活中，许多人在面对数学问题时会感到某种程度的不适，从轻微的紧张到强烈的恐惧)”以及第三段“Somepeoplealsoexperiencephysicalsymptomssuchassweaty(流汗的)palmsoraracingheart.(有些人还会出现身体上的症状，比如手心出汗或心跳加速)”可知，有数学焦虑的学生可能会有身体和精神上的不适。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ifyou’refeelingstressedbeforeamathexam,itmayhelptospendafewminutesexploringthosefeelingsbeforetheexambegins.(如果你在数学考试前感到有压力，在考试开始前花几分钟探索一下这些感觉可能会有所帮助)”可知，SianBeilock认为，你应该学会理解自己的感受。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ifyou’refeelingstressedbeforeamathexam,itmayhelptospendafewminutesexploringthosefeelingsbeforetheexambegins.“It’saboutmakingsureyou’reshowingyourfeelingscorrectly,”SianBeilock,acognitivescientistintheUStoldtheBBC.“Justbecauseyouhaveafastheartbeatandsweatypalms,thatdoesnotnecessarilymeanyouwillfail.”(如果你在数学考试前感到有压力，在考试开始前花几分钟探索一下这些感觉可能会有所帮助。美国认知科学家希恩·贝洛克在接受BBC采访时表示：“这是为了确保你正确地表达自己的感受。仅仅因为你心跳加快、手心出汗，并不一定意味着你会失败。”)”可推知，数学焦虑的学生应该对自己说：虽然我很担心，但我能做好。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Also,therearewaystomanageyourstressrelatedtomath.(此外，还有一些方法可以管理与数学有关的压力)”以及最后一段“Alittlemathanxietycouldbetakenasapositivechallengetoovercome.(一点点的数学焦虑可以看作是一种需要克服的积极挑战)”结合文章主要说明了什么是数学焦虑，数学焦虑的影响以及如何应对数学焦虑。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是指出如果处理得当，数学焦虑是可以克服的。故选C。DLastweekatthestartoftheCOP28climateconferenceinDubai,134countriessignedanagreementaimingtoreducegreenhousegasemissions(排放)fromprocessesrelatedtoproducingandconsumingfood.Forthefirsttimeinnearlythreedecadesofclimateconferences,whichwereestablishedtohandleclimatechange,theimportanceoffoodsystemshasbeenrecognizedinthisway.Also,forthefirsttime,on10December,COP28willdevoteadaytodiscussingwaystoreduceemissionsfromfoodandagriculture.Manyhavewelcomedthemoves.“It’sgreattofinallyhavefoodontheCOPmenu,”saysClementMetivier,aclimateexpert,whoisattendingCOP28.”Thereisreallyagrowingmomentum(势头)aroundfoodsystemstransformationtohandleboththebiodiversityandclimatecrisis.”Butequally,researcherssaynotenoughisbeingdonetoreduceemissionsinoneoftheworld’sbiggest,largelyuntackledsourcesandthatwillinvolvesometoughpoliticaldecisions.Makingfoodsystemsmoresustainableplaysanimportantpartinkeepingalivethedreamoflimitingglobalwarmingto1.5℃abovepre-industriallevels,agreedatCOP21inParisin2015.Gettingfoodfromfarmtofood-tableaccountsforaroundathirdofglobalgreenhousegasemissions,accordingtoa2021studyinIspra,Italy.Theresearchersestimatedthatin2015,some70%oftheseemissionscamejustfromagricultureandland-usechanges-suchascuttingdowntreestoclearlandforcrops.Therearealsoobviousapproachestoreducingsomeoftheseimpacts,forexamplebylimitingtheuseoffossil-fuel-hungryfertilizers(肥料),orbyreducingfoodwaste.Roughlyhalfoffoodsystemsemissionscomefromfoodthatislostinthesupplychain-beforereachingtheconsumer-orwasted,accordingtoastudypublishedinMarchinNatureFood.Therefore,halvingfoodlossandwastecouldhelpremovesomegreenhousegasemissionsfromthefoodsystem.12.WhatwasdoneattheCOP28climateconference?A.Itrecognizedtheroleofmakingfoodsystemsmoresustainable.B.Itagreedtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsfromfoodsystems.C.Itdecidedtosettheworld’sdirectioninhandlingclimatechange.D.Itspentadayfindingwaystoreduceemissionsfromfoodsystems.13.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsthemoves?A.Positive B.Negative C.Neutral D.Uninterested14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halving”probablymean?A.Decreasing B.Causing C.Comparing D.Combining15.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.ThecausesleadingtoglobalwarmingB.Thedreamofstoppingglobalwarming.C.Thefoodlossandwastefromfarmtofoodtable.D.Thewaystoreduceeffectsoffoodsystemsonglobalwarming【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了上周，在迪拜举行的COP28气候大会开幕之际，134个国家签署了一项协议，旨在减少与食品生产和消费相关的过程中的温室气体排放。介绍了气候大会的一些举措和人们对此的看法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Last

week

at

the

start

of

the

COP28

climate

conference

in

Dubai,134

countries

signed

an

agreement

aiming

to

reduce

greenhouse

gas

emissions

(排放)

from

processes

related

to

producing

and

consuming

food.(上周，在迪拜举行的COP28气候大会开幕之际，134个国家签署了一项协议，旨在减少与食品生产和消费相关的过程中的温室气体排放)”可知，COP28气候大会同意减少粮食系统的温室气体排放。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Manyhavewelcomedthemoves.“It’sgreattofinallyhavefoodontheCOPmenu,”saysClementMetivier,aclimateexpert,whoisattendingCOP28.”Thereisreallyagrowingmomentum(势头)aroundfoodsystemstransformationtohandleboththebiodiversityandclimatecrisis.”Butequally,researcherssaynotenoughisbeingdonetoreduceemissionsinoneoftheworld’sbiggest,largelyuntackledsourcesandthatwillinvolvesometoughpoliticaldecisions.(许多人对这些举措表示欢迎。参加第28届联合国气候变化大会的气候专家克莱门特·梅蒂维耶说：“终于有食物出现在缔约方会议的菜单上了，这真是太好了。”在应对生物多样性和气候危机方面，粮食系统转型的势头确实越来越大。”但同样，研究人员表示，在减少世界上最大的、基本上尚未解决的排放源之一的排放方面，做得还不够，这将涉及一些艰难的政治决策)”可推知，作者提到了一些人欢迎这些举措说明了优点，以及研究人员指出存在的问题，说明作者对这些举措的态度是中立的。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“foodlossandwastecouldhelpremovesomegreenhousegasemissionsfromthefoodsystem”可知，要助于减少粮食系统中的一些温室气体排放，需要减少粮食损失和浪费，故划线词意思是“减少”，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Makingfoodsystemsmoresustainableplaysanimportantpartinkeepingalivethedreamoflimitingglobalwarmingto1.5℃abovepre-industriallevels,agreedatCOP21inParisin2015.(2015年在巴黎举行的第21届联合国气候变化大会(COP21)达成了将全球变暖限制在比工业化前水平高1.5℃的梦想，而提高粮食系统的可持续性对于实现这一梦想至关重要)”以及最后一段“Therearealsoobviousapproachestoreducingsomeoftheseimpacts,forexamplebylimitingtheuseoffossil-fuel-hungryfertilizers(肥料),orbyreducingfoodwaste.Roughlyhalfoffoodsystemsemissionscomefromfoodthatislostinthesupplychain-beforereachingtheconsumer-orwasted,accordingtoastudypublishedinMarchinNatureFood.Therefore,halvingfoodlossandwastecouldhelpremovesomegreenhousegasemissionsfromthefoodsystem.(也有一些明显的方法可以减少这些影响，例如限制使用需要化石燃料的肥料，或者减少食物浪费。3月份发表在《自然食品》杂志上的一项研究显示，大约一半的食品系统排放来自食品在到达消费者之前在供应链中丢失或浪费。因此，将粮食损失和浪费减半可能有助于减少粮食系统中的一些温室气体排放)”可知，最后两段主要讲了减少粮食系统对全球变暖影响的方法。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butyoucanprepareyourselfandyourfamilywithafewsimplesteps.____16____,gettingpreparedforseveralpossiblesituationswillhelpyoubetterdealwithanemergency.Filloutanemergencyplan.Createanemergencyplanforyourfamilyincaseofanaturaldisaster.Includehouseholdinformation,out-of-towncontacts,andschool,workplace,andchildcarecontactinformationandemergencycontingencies(应急预案).____17____.____18____Considerthedisastersfortheeventsthataremostlikelytohappeninyourarea.Makesureeveryoneinyourfamilyknowshowtoreacttodifferentdisasters,includingtornadoes,hurricanes,floods,fires,winterstorms,andpowerfailures.Makesurethesafestspotsinyourhomeforeachtypeofdisaster.Forexample,thehighestlevelinyourhomeisthesafestplaceduringaflood,whilethelowestlevelissafestduringatornado,forinstance.Identify3waystogetwarnings.Alarmsaregenerallyenoughwarningsfornaturaldisasters.However,incaseofapowerfailure,youcannotrelyonlyonyourtelevisionorlandlinephoneforwarnings,either.____19____.Youshouldalsohaveabattery-operatedAM/FMradio(andextrabatteries)onhandaswell.Determinethebestevacuation(撤离)routes.Identifyalltheentriesandexitsinyourhomeandplanhowyouwillevacuateyourhome(bycarorbyfoot,forinstance).Determinewhereyouwillgoifyoucannotremaininyourhomeoreveninyourregion.Then,mapoutseveralroutesforgettingoutofyourcity.____20____.A.DecidewhatnottodoindifferentsituationsB.DiscusshowtorespondtomostlikelydisastersC.AddyourevacuationroutesandshelterplansaswellD.SinceyouknowwhatyoushoulddowhenadisasterstrikesE.ThoughyoumaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterwillstrikeorwhenF.BesuretotellallyourfamilymembersaboutevacuationroutesandexitplansG.Signuptoreceivewarningsfromyourlocalgovernmentbytextmessageoremail【答案】16.E17.C18.B19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一系列关于如何为自然灾害做准备的指导和建议。【16题详解】根据前文“Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butyoucanprepareyourselfandyourfamilywithafewsimplesteps.(一想到自然灾害就会感到恐惧，但你可以通过几个简单的步骤让自己和家人做好准备)”以及后文“gettingpreparedforseveralpossiblesituationswillhelpyoubetterdealwithanemergency.(但为几种可能的情况做好准备将帮助你更好地应对紧急情况)”可知，本文主题是介绍几个简单的步骤让自己和家人做好对抗灾害的准备，所以E项“Thoughyoumaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterwillstrikeorwhen(虽然你可能不知道什么样的灾难会袭击或何时袭击)”符合本文主题，且和后文构成让步转折关系。故选E项。【17题详解】根据前文“Createanemergencyplanforyourfamilyincaseofanaturaldisaster.Includehouseholdinformation,out-of-towncontacts,andschool,workplace,andchildcarecontactinformationandemergencycontingencies(应急预案).(为你的家庭制定一个应急计划，以防发生自然灾害。包括家庭信息、外地联系方式、学校、工作场所和儿童保育联系方式以及紧急情况)”可知，本段主题是制定一个应急计划，所以C项“Addyourevacuationroutesandshelterplansaswell(加上你的疏散路线和避难计划)”符合本段主题，其中plan为同词复现。故选C项。【18题详解】分析设空可知，空处为本段小标题，根据后文“Considerthedisastersfortheeventsthataremostlikelytohappeninyourarea.Makesureeveryoneinyourfamilyknowshowtoreacttodifferentdisasters,includingtornadoes,hurricanes,floods,fires,winterstorms,andpowerfailures.Makesurethesafestspotsinyourhomeforeachtypeofdisaster.(考虑一下你所在地区最有可能发生的灾难事件。确保你家里的每个人都知道如何应对不同的灾难，包括龙卷风、飓风、洪水、火灾、冬季风暴和电力故障。确保家里最安全的地方可以应对各种灾难)”可知，本段主要讲述如何应对你所在地区最有可能发生的灾难，所以B项“Discusshowtorespondtomostlikelydisasters(讨论如何应对最可能发生的灾难)”是本段的小标题。故选B项【19题详解】根据前文“Alarmsaregenerallyenoughwarningsfornaturaldisasters.However,incaseofapowerfailure,youcannotrelyonlyonyourtelevisionorlandlinephoneforwarnings,either.(警报通常是对自然灾害的足够警告。然而，在停电的情况下，你也不能只依靠电视或固定电话来警告)”以及后文“Youshouldalsohaveabattery-operatedAM/FMradio(andextrabatteries)onhandaswell.(你也应该有一个电池供电的AM/FM收音机(和额外的电池))”可知，本段主要讲述获得灾害警告的方式，所以G项“Signuptoreceivewarningsfromyourlocalgovernmentbytextmessageoremail(注册接收当地政府通过短信或电子邮件发出的警告)”符合本段主题。故选G项。【20题详解】根据前文“Identifyalltheentriesandexitsinyourhomeandplanhowyouwillevacuateyourhome(bycarorbyfoot,forinstance).Determinewhereyouwillgoifyoucannotremaininyourhomeoreveninyourregion.Then,mapoutseveralroutesforgettingoutofyourcity.(确定家中所有的入口和出口，并计划如何撤离(例如，开车或步行)。如果你不能呆在家里，甚至不能呆在你所在的地区，决定你要去哪里。然后，画出几条出城路线)”可知，本段主要讲述确保所有家庭成员都知悉疏散路线，所以F项“Besuretotellallyourfamilymembersaboutevacuationroutesandexitplans(一定要告诉你所有的家人撤离路线和撤离计划)”符合本段主题。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AmonthafterHurricaneKatrina,IreturnedhomeinNewOrleans.Therelaymyhouse,____21____waist-highruins(废墟),smellyand____22____.Beforethetrip,I’dhadmy____23____fixed.Whentheofficeemployeeofthegaragewaswritingupthebill,shenoticedmyLouisianalicenseplate.“YoufromNewOrleans?”sheasked.IsaidIwas,“____24____.”Shesaid,and____25____shookherheadwhenIreachedformywallet.AsmywifewasstudyinginFlorida,wedecidedtomovethereandtriedto____26____ahousewhilealsopayingoffamortgage(抵押贷款)onourruinedhouse.Welookedatmanyplaces,butnonewassatisfactory.We’dbegunto____27____thatwe’dhavetoliveinverybadconditions,____28____Igotaverycuriouse-mailfromaJamesKennedyinCalifornia.He’dreadsomepiecesI’dwrittenaboutour____29____onlineandwantedtogiveusanewhouseforfreeacrossthelakefromNewOrleans.Itsoundedtoogoodtobetrue,butIreplied,thankinghimforhisexceptional____30____,thatwehadnoplanstogoback.ThenapoetoftheUniversityofFlorida____31____tolethishousetomewhilehewenttoEnglandonhisone-year-paidleave.Therentwasrather____32____.Imentionedthepoet’soffertoJamesKennedy,andthenextdayhesentacheck____33____ourentirerentforeightmonths.____34____thispainfulexperience,thekindnessofstrangershasdonemuchtobringbackmy____35____inhumanity(人性).21.A.havingchanged B.havingbecome C.havingfallen D.havingreduced22.A.dirty B.big C.new D.tiny23.A.house B.garden C.car D.computer24.A.Noway B.Noproblem C.Nodoubt D.Nocharge25.A.firmly B.hesitantly C.coldly D.anxiously26.Apurchase B.rent C.build D.repair27.A.remember B.refuse C.accept D.deny28.A.if B.when C.though D.while29.A.ideals B.remarks C.opinions D.sufferings30.A.generosity B.suggestion C.elegance D.curiosity31.A.failed B.offered C.managed D.afforded32.A.expensive B.flexible C.reasonable D.unacceptable33.A.filling B.covering C.recording D.fitting34.A.Throughout B.Before C.From D.After35.A.dislike B.belief C.doubt D.respect【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者在遭遇飓风袭击毁坏房屋之后，得到很多陌生人仁慈的帮助，之后作者感悟到虽然遭遇了痛苦的经历，但是陌生人的善良使他坚定了对人性的坚信。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的房子就躺在那里，变成了齐腰高的废墟，又臭又脏。A.havingchanged改变；B.havingbecome成为；C.havingfallen落下；D.havingreduced减少，变成。根据后文“waist-highruins”可知，房子被飓风摧毁，变成了齐腰高的废墟，reduce表示“使……变成”符合语境。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的房子就躺在那里，变成了齐腰高的废墟，又臭又脏。A.dirty脏的；B.big大的；C.new新的；D.tiny微小的。根据上文“smellyand”可知，飓风过后，作者的房子被毁，变成了废墟，又臭又脏。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行前，我把车修好了。A.house房子；B.garden花园；C.car汽车；D.computer电脑。根据后文“Whentheofficeemployeeofthegaragewaswritingupthebill,shenoticedmyLouisianalicenseplate.(当汽车修理厂的职员在写帐单时，她注意到了我的路易斯安那州车牌)”可知，作者叫人来修车，故选C。【24题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我说我是，“不收费”她说，当我伸手去拿钱包时，她坚定地摇了摇头。A.Noway不可能；B.Noproblem没问题；C.Nodoubt毫无疑问；D.Nocharge不收费。根据后文“shookherheadwhenIreachedformywallet”可知，得知作者是来自飓风袭击的地方，对方不收费。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我说我是，“不收费”她说，当我伸手去拿钱包时，她坚定地摇了摇头。A.firmly坚决地；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.coldly冷淡地；D.anxiously焦虑地。根据后文“shookherheadwhenIreachedformywallet”指对方坚定地摇了摇头，不肯收钱。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我妻子在佛罗里达读书，我们决定搬到那里，并试图在偿还我们的破房子的抵押贷款的同时租一所房子。A.purchase购买；B.rent租赁；C.build建造；D.repair修理。根据上文“Asmywi