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2022新高考全国I卷英语试卷真题及答案
解析
新高考全国I卷英语试卷真题
本试卷共10页,满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:L答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、
考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题
卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角”条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听
力,选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始。
2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项
的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答
在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题
目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;
不准使用铅笔和涂改液,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁:考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature
GradingScale
90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.
Essays(60%)
Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegrade
forthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%
GroupAssignments(30%)
Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)during
thecourse.Alltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddate
throughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.
DailyWork∕I∏-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)
Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbeready
tocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassigned
readingsornotesfromthepreviousclasslecture/discussion,soitis
importanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimeto
timeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignments
tobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.
LateWork
Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealetter
gradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4th
dayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnot
completedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresult
ofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.
21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?
A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademic
article.
22.Howmanypartsisastudentsfinalgrademadeupof?
A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.
23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekafterthedue
date?
A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.
C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.
B
Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.The
arugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroast
chickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwitha
dinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,
thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;
IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.
Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,z,food
wastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,“asElizabethRoytewritesinthis
monthscoverstory.Itsjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodis
thrownaway一from"ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedby
grocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbage
cans.
Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother
resourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.
Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethird
largestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.z,
Ifthatshardtounderstand,letskeepitassimpleasthearugula
atthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthe
time一butforhim,itsmorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberries
nearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,
D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearit
recoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsand
collectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverotted
infields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreeze
ordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.
Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdontthink."Everyone
canplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefood
thannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonot
includethesidedishyouwonteat,〃Curtinsays.
24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?
A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefood
unintentionallyattimes.
C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsfor
wastingfood.
25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?
A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.
C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.
26.WhatdoesCurtinscompanydo?
A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulainto
cleanfuel.
C.IthelpslocalfarmersgrowfruitsD.Itmakesmealsoutofunwanted
food.
27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?
A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.
C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.
C
Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggiven
henstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.
TheprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalCharity(慈善组织)toreduce
lonelinessandimproveelderlypeopleswellbeing,Itisalsobeingused
tohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staff
incarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehens
areinuse.
Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.
Shesaid:"IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheir
breakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.
〃Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthe
morninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseetheyve
gonetobed.
“Itsgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheir
childrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatch
them.Imenjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedone
somethinguseful,zz
Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomes
intheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupportto
rollitoutcountrywide.
WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirst
toembarkontheproject,said:""Residentsreallywelcometheideaofthe
projectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefits
andfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.z/
LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:,,Wearehappy
tobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidents
throughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.,,
28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?
A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfor
theaged.
C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderly
peopleswelfare.
29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?
A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseof
achievement.
C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrong
personality.
30.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsz,embarkOn〃meaninparagraph7?
A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.
31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.
C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.
D
Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthe
common”∏Γand〃a〃totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.
Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,
five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonew
speechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworldslanguages.
Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeech
soundscalledlabiodentals,suchas〃f〃and〃v〃,weremorecommoninthe
languagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowateamofresearchers
ledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfound
howandwhythistrendarose.
Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthuman
adultswerealigned(对齐),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,which
areformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjaws
changedtoanoverbiteStrUCtUre(结构),makingiteasiertoproducesuch
sounds.
Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththe
developmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasier
tochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidnthavetodoasmuchworkandso
didntgrowtobesolarge.
Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobal
changeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withthe
useof〃f〃and〃v〃increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.
Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gatherer
peopletoday.
Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsounds
werepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Theset
ofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincethe
appearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsounds
thatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslike
biologicalchangeandculturalevolution,,zsaidStevenMoran,amember
oftheresearchteam.
32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasisresearch
focuson?
A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Its
development.
33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproduce
labiodentals?
A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.
B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.
C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.
D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.
34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?
A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.
B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.
C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.
D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.
35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?
A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchto
culturaldiversity.
C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionof
humanbeings.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中
有两项为多余选项。
FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled"FiveReasonstoThank
YourWorkoutPartner.,,Onereasonwas:"Youllactuallyshowupifyouknow
someoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,〃whileanotherread:〃36〃With
aworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisa
subtle(微妙)competition.
So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?
Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujust
wanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?
Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.
Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,
butitprobablywontresultinausefulresponse.38Ifyouplanonworking
outinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.
Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.
Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydays
aweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andher
age.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedher
phonenumber.39
Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,
bothofyouwillbenefit一yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweights
andyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.TheCore(核心)ofyour
relationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.
A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.
B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.
C.Youllworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.
D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?
E.Howcanyouwriteagoodz,seekingtrainingpartner'7notice?
F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.
G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiences
overthepasttenyears.
Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenour
childrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour
15-month-oldboywouldfallintotheCreek(小溪).Itiedaropearound
hiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.
Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tying
himup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46-hedidntendupinthe
creek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.
Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclear
whenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly
48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.My
husbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.
Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsat
there52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.
Wewere53.
Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,
wearefilledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55we
willexperiencenext.
41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries
42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled
43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried
44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid
45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor
46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed
47.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff
48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded
49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed
50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix
51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal
52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly
53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right
54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement
55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict
第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiant
PandaNationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57size
ofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnational
parksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificant
numberofareasthat58(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyofthe
existingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority59
(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.
Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetup
nextyear.TheGPNP60(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof
''protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,
preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,61
leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.The
GPNPsmaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate62
(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and63(eventual)achieveadesired
levelofpopulationinthewild.
Giantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaSPeeieS(物种),bringing
protectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternand
northwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestronger
protectionforallthespecies65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeand
significantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是校广播站英语节目"TalkandTalk”的负责人李华,请给外教
CarOline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括:
1.节目介绍;
2.访谈的时间和话题。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
本试卷共10页,满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、
考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题
卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听
力,选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始。
2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项
的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答
在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题
目指定区域内相应位置上;如高改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;
不准使用铅笔和涂改液,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁:考试结束后,将试卷和符题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
1.C2.B3.A4.B5.B6.D7.A8.D9.B10.C11.A12,D13.
C14.A15.C
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
16.C17.D18.B19.G20.F
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.
D33.C34.D35.B
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
36.Covering
37.the
38.were
39.toincrease
40.isdesigned
41.and
42.populations
43.eventually
44.as
45.that
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
【答案】DearCaroline,
ThisismyfirsttimethatIhaveinvitedyoutoattendourprogram
一TalkandTalk.ItistenyearssinceTalkandTalkwasestablished.This
isanamazingprogramwhereyoucanshareyourideaswithstudents.Now,
whenhavingtroubleinlearningEnglishwell,plentyofstudentsurgeto
knowhowtodealwithit.Asourdistinguishedforeignlanguageteacher,
youraidcanhelpusalot.IfyouareavailableonthisSunday,Itogether
withthewholeTalkandTalkstaffamwaitingforyourcoming.I,d
appreciateitifyoutakemyinvitationintoconsideration.
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