英语一般过去时通用课件

CommoncoursewareforEnglishsimplepasttenseThedefinitionofthesimplepasttenseTheverbchangesinthesimplepasttenseThesensitivitystructureofthesimplepasttenseComparisonoftensionsinthesimplepasttensePracticeandapplicationofthesimplepasttensecontents目录Thedefinitionofthesimplepasttense01ThesimplepasttenseisagraphicalformusedtoexpressactionsoreventsthatoccurredinthepastandarecompletedItisalsoknownasthe"preterite"insomegrammaticaltheoriesWhatisthesimplepasttense0102ThebasicformofthesimplepasttenseHowever,therearemanyexceptionstothisrule,andsomeverbshaveirregularformsThemostcommonwaytoformthesimplepasttenseinEnglishisbyadding"-ed"totheendoftheverbTheusageofthesimplepasttenseExpressingactionsthatoccurredinthepast:Thesimplepasttenseisoftenusedtotalkaboutactionsoreventsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast,suchas"IstudiedEnglishlastyear."Describingexperiences:Itcanalsobeusedtodescribepersonalexperiencesorsituationsinthepast,suchas"IvisitedParislastsummer."Narratingstories:Innarratives,thesimplepasttenseisoftenusedtoaccountforeventsthatoccurredinthepastinasequentialorderComparingandcontrasting:ItcanbeusedtocompareorcontrastactionsorsituationsinthepastwiththoseinthepresentorfutureTheverbchangesinthesimplepasttense02Mostverbsadd-dor-edattheendtoindicatethepasttense.Forexample,walk→walked.Add-dor-edSomeverbsundergospecialmorphologicalchangeswhentheybecomethepasttense.Forexample,go→wet.SpecialchangesChangesinregularverbsSpecialrulesSomeverbsdonotfollowthechangingformsofrulesandrequirespecialmemory.Forexample,be→was/were.SpecialirregularchangesSomeirregularverbsundergospecialmorphologicalchangeswhentheybecomethepasttense,requiringspecialmemory.Forexample,do→did.ThevariationofirregularverbsSomeverbsundergonotonlymorphologicalchangesbutalsosemanticchangeswhentheybecomepasttense.Forexample,lend→bow.ThepasttenseofspecialverbsSomepastparticiplesofverbshavedifferentformsfromthepasttenseandrequirespecialmemory.Forexample,write→write.PastparticiplesofspecialverbsChangesinSpecialVerbsThesensitivitystructureofthesimplepasttense03Declarativeintentionsexpressstatementsorfacts,andtheyusuallyendwithaperiod(.).ThesimplepasttensecanbeusedindeclarativeintentionstodescribeeventsoractionsthatoccurredinthepastExample:"Iwalkedtothestoreyesterday."ThepresencestructureofdeclarativesensesInterrogtivesensesareusedtoaskquestions,andtheyusuallybeginwithaquestionmark(?)oranexceptionmark(!)ThesimplepasttensecanbeusedinaggressiveintentionstoinquireabouteventsoractionsthatoccurredinthepastExample:"Didyougotothemovieslastnight?"ThepresencestructureofaggressiveintentionsVSNegativesensesexpressnegativeornegative,andtheyusuallyincludetheword"not"or"no"ThesimplepasttensecanbeusedinnegativeintentionstodenyorreflecteventsoractionsthatoccurredinthepastExample:"Ididn'teatanycakelastweek."ThepresencestructureofnegativesensesComparisonoftensionsinthesimplepasttense04TimeFocusThesimplepasttensefocusesonactionsthatoccurredinthepast,whilethepresentperfecttensefocusesonactionsthathaverelevancetothepresentResultThesimplepasttenseemphasizestheoutcomeofanaction,whilethepresentperfecttenseemphasizesthedurationandrelevancetothepresentUsageThesimplepasttenseisusedtopresenteventsinthepast,whilethepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribesituationsandconditionsinthepresentthathaverelevancetothepastComparisonbetweenthesimplepasttenseandthepresentperfecttenseTimeFocusThesimplepasttenseandthepastcontinuoustensebothfocusonactionsthatoccurredinthepastHowever,thepastcontinuoustenseemphasizesthedurationandongingnatureofanactionResultThesimplepasttenseemphasizestheoutcomeofanaction,whilethepastcontinuoustenseemphasizestheongingprocessanddevelopmentofanactionUsageThesimplepasttenseisusedtopresenteventsinthepast,whilethepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeongoingactionsorsituationsinthepastthatwereinterruptedbyanothereventComparisonbetweenthesimplepasttenseandthepastcontinuoustense010203TimeFocusThesimplepasttensefocusesonactionsthatoccurredinthepast,whilethepastperfecttensefocusesonactionsthatoccurredbeforeanotheractioninthepastResultThesimplepasttenseemphasizestheoutcomeofanaction,whilethepastperfecttenseemphasizesthephysiologicalorderofactionsinthepastUsageThesimplepasttenseisusedtorenteventsinthepast,whilethepastperfecttenseisusedtoshowasequenceofactionsinthepast,withoneactioncompletedbeforeanotheractionTookPlaceComparisonbetweenthesimplepasttenseandthepastperfecttensePracticeandapplicationofthesimplepasttense05Multiplechoicequestions01Designedtoteststudents'understandingofthesimplepasttensebyofferingapresencewithamissingwordorphrase,andseveraloptionstochoosefromSentencecompletion02GivestudentsapresencewithsomewordsmissingandaskthemtofillintheblankswiththecorrectsimplepasttenseformTranslationexercises03ProvidesensesinEnglishandaskstudentstotranslatethemintotheirnativelanguage,emphasizingtheuseofthesimplepasttenseExercisequestionsDiaryentriesHavestudentswritediaryentriesabouteventsthatoccurredinthepast,focusingontheuseofthesimplepasttenseStoringEncouragestudentstousethesimplepasttensetoretellastoryordescribeaneventthatoccurredinthepastDialoguesCreatescenarioswherestudentsneedtousethesimplepasttenseinconversations,suchasphonecallsorfacetofaceconversationsActualapplicationscenariosCommonErrorAnalysisIn